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Eap 313-Wastewater Engineering

This document provides an overview of Chapter 1 in the textbook "EAP 313-WASTEWATER ENGINEERING". The chapter introduces wastewater engineering and covers the objectives of wastewater treatment, basic terms used, and the definition of sewage. It also discusses end-of-pipe treatment versus pollution prevention and lists the chapter outcomes which are to define terms, objectives of treatment, wastewater characteristics, and wastewater loading. Tables of contents and typical wastewater treatment processes are presented.

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Nasrul Torres
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61 views

Eap 313-Wastewater Engineering

This document provides an overview of Chapter 1 in the textbook "EAP 313-WASTEWATER ENGINEERING". The chapter introduces wastewater engineering and covers the objectives of wastewater treatment, basic terms used, and the definition of sewage. It also discusses end-of-pipe treatment versus pollution prevention and lists the chapter outcomes which are to define terms, objectives of treatment, wastewater characteristics, and wastewater loading. Tables of contents and typical wastewater treatment processes are presented.

Uploaded by

Nasrul Torres
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EAP 313-WASTEWATER

ENGINEERING

CHAPTER 1: Introduction to wastewater


engineering

Prof. Hamidi Abdul Aziz


School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia
14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, MALAYSIA
*Email: [email protected] 1
CHAPTER OUTCOMES:

➢ To list main objectives in treating


wastewater (HAA).
➢ To define main terms used in wastewater
engineering (HAA).
➢ To define wastewater and its main
characteristics (PP).
➢ To appreciate wastewater loading (PP).

HAA-Hamidi Abdul Aziz 2


PP-Puganeshwary Palaniandy
TABLE OF CONTENT

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Objectives of wastewater treatment
1.3 End of pipe treatment vs pollution
prevention
1.4 Basic terms
1.5 Sewage: Definition

3
1.1 INTRODUCTION
➢ Water that we use everyday will be
discharged to the environment as
wastewater.
➢ Therefore, it is important for us to ensure
that this wastewater will not contaminate
the environment.
➢ Wastewater treatment as an important
infrastructure:
➢ As a civilization of the society
➢ The basic needs in community 4
WATER BORNE DISEASE

5
TYPICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
PROCESS

6
7
http://www.span.gov.my/index.php/en/malaysian-sewerage-industry-guidelines-msig
b) For Proper Management of wastewater

c) Prevention of waterborne diseases


➢Reduce spreading of waterborne diseases
➢Organism and pathogen in waste water

8
1.3 END OF PIPE TREATMENT VS
POLLUTION PREVENTION
➢ Our current problems
➢ Evolution for better environment
➢ Sustainable development
➢ Conclusions

9
BACKGROUND
Responses of businesses to pollution
PASSIVE REACTIVE
Ignore pollution Dilution and dispersion

1 2

CONSTRUCTIVE PROACTIVE
End-of-pipe treatment Cleaner Production

3 4

10
ACME - Session 2 - Basics of Cleaner Production - 3 / 21
Sustainable development

Similar to democracy, sustainable development is not easy to define.


The Brundtland Report and World
Commission on Environment and
Development (WCED) defined
sustainable development as
“development that meets the needs of
the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet
their own needs” (Lozano, 2008;
Berkel, 2000).

11
Emissions = Input - Product

gaseous EMISSIONS

PRODUCT

INPUT
solid EMISSIONS
fluidic EMISSIONS

12
Business systems of today and tomorrow

The leading companies of tomorrow will have eliminated (through


reduction, reuse, reclamation, recycling, or redesign) “non-product”
output, incorporated new energy sources (primarily renewables), and
created much more value for their products.

i) Old Approach ii) Current Approach 13


GOLDEN RULE IN SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT?

“Leave the world better than you found it”.


“Take no more than you need”.
“Try not to harm the environment”.
“Make amends if you do”.

14
1.4 BASIC TERMS
➢ Sewage/Wastewater
➢Untreated water produced from domestic,
business or industrial activities which
contains organic and inorganic materials in
form of dissolved or suspended
➢ Raw sewage
➢untreated sewage before treatment
➢ Inorganic Substance
➢A compound which does not contain carbon
groups
15
➢e.g., salt and metal
➢ Organic Matter
➢Biodegradable with carbon bond
➢Contains C, H, N,O and S
➢e.g., Glucose molecule (C6H12O6)
➢ Effluent
➢Discharge of wastewater before or after
treatment.
➢ Final effluent
➢Final discharge of effluent after treatment
➢ Sludge
➢Settled/upfloated solids from wastewater
16
treatment process
➢ Dry Weather Flow (DWF)
➢Average flow calculated based on the total
population multiplied by water consumption
rate per capita per day
➢Main design parameter for wastewater
treatment system (unit: flow rate)
➢ Grit
➢inorganic matter in wastewater which is non
biodegradable
➢e.g., sand, stone, glass

17
➢ Settled sludge
➢ liquid sewage discharged from primary
sedimentation tank which requires further
treatment
➢Treated effluent from primary sedimentation
tank
➢ Sewer:
➢A pipe system which transports wastewater
➢ Combined sewer
➢A system which transports wastewater and
rain water in one pipe.
➢Not commonly use currently 18
➢ Storm sewer
➢a pipe which transports rain water/storm
water
➢ Separate sewer
➢A pipe system that transports sewage and
storm water using 2 separate pipes.
➢This method is widely practiced in Malaysia
and elsewhere.
➢ Infiltration
➢the slow passage of ground water that seeps
into the sewer
19
➢ Ex-filtration
➢Flowing out of sewage from sewer to the
surrounding environment
➢ Sewerage system
➢Facilities consisting of system of sewers,
main hole, connecters, etc. for carrying the
wastewater

20
1.5 SEWAGE: DEFINITION

➢ Untreated water produced from domestic,


business or industrial activities which contains
organic and inorganic materials in form of
dissolved or suspended
➢ It also contains organic and inorganic solids,
microorganisms, pathogens
➢ 99.9% is water and 0.1% solid.

21
Wastewater composition

22

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