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What Does The Immune System Distinguish Between?

The immune system distinguishes between self and nonself antigens. There are two types of B-lymphocytes: memory cells that remember antigens to speed up secondary responses, and plasma cells that produce and release antibodies. The lymphatic system includes lymph vessels that meet at the thoracic duct and drain into the cardiovascular system, lymph nodes along the vessels that remove foreign particles, and lacteals in the small intestine that collect fats.

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11 views

What Does The Immune System Distinguish Between?

The immune system distinguishes between self and nonself antigens. There are two types of B-lymphocytes: memory cells that remember antigens to speed up secondary responses, and plasma cells that produce and release antibodies. The lymphatic system includes lymph vessels that meet at the thoracic duct and drain into the cardiovascular system, lymph nodes along the vessels that remove foreign particles, and lacteals in the small intestine that collect fats.

Uploaded by

Lej
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What does the immune system distinguish between?

The body distinguishes between “self” and “nonself” (antigens)

What are the types of B-lymphocytes?

Memory cells and plasma cells

Memory cells

Remember antigen, speed up secondary response

Plasma cells

Plasma cells make and release antibodies (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE) which induce antigen
phagocytosis

Active Immunity

Antibodies are produced during an immune response

Passive Immunity

Antibodies produced by one organism are transferred to another organism

What are the types of T-lymphocytes?

Cytotoxic T-Cell
Helper T-Cells
Suppressor T-Cells
Memory Cells

Cytotoxic T-Cell

Destroy cells directly

Helper T-Cells
Activate B- and T-cells and macrophages by secreting lymphokines

Suppressor T-Cells

Regulate B- and T-cells to decrease anti-antigen activity

Nonspecific Immune Response

Includes skin, passages lined with cilia, macrophages, inflammatory response, and interferons
(proteins that help prevent the spread of a virus)

Where do Lymph vessels meet in the Lymphatic System?

Lymph vessels meet at the thoracic duct in the upper chest and neck, draining into the left
subclavian vein of the cardiovascular system

What are the functions of vessels and lacteals?

Vessels carry lymph (excess interstitial fluid), and lacteals collect fats by absorbing
chylomicrons in the small intestine

What occurs with lymph nodes in the Lymphatic System?

Lymph nodes are swellings along the vessels with phagocytic cells (leukocytes); they remove
foreign particles from lymph

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