Scribd
Upload
202 views

Sustainable Development Goals PDF

The document discusses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a set of 17 global goals adopted by the UN in 2015. The SDGs build on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) from 2000 to guide global development efforts through 2030. Progress reports in 2019 found the most advancement in health and energy goals, while social inclusion and life below water lagged. The SDGs aim to end poverty, improve health and education, promote gender equality, ensure clean water and sanitation, provide affordable energy, and take climate action to make the world more sustainable and equitable.

Uploaded by

sadafmirza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
202 views

Sustainable Development Goals PDF

The document discusses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a set of 17 global goals adopted by the UN in 2015. The SDGs build on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) from 2000 to guide global development efforts through 2030. Progress reports in 2019 found the most advancement in health and energy goals, while social inclusion and life below water lagged. The SDGs aim to end poverty, improve health and education, promote gender equality, ensure clean water and sanitation, provide affordable energy, and take climate action to make the world more sustainable and equitable.

Uploaded by

sadafmirza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Sustainable Development Goals: Notes for UPSC

The Sustainable Development Goals agenda was accepted by all members of the United
Nations in 2012 at the Rio De Janeiro Council Meet with an aim to promote a healthy and
developed future of the planet and its people. It was in 2015 when the Sustainable Development
Goals were implemented after a successful fifteen-year plan of development called the
Millennium Development Goals.

The Sustainable Development Goals are a set of seventeen pointer targets that all the countries
which are members of the UN agreed to work upon for the better future of the country. It is an
important topic for candidates preparing for the UPSC 2020 exam.

The documentary screened at the Rio+20 conference – “Future We Want” presented the idea of
a post-2015 development agenda. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is an
intergovernmental agreement formulated to act as post-2015 Development agenda, its
predecessor being Millennium Development Goals.

It is a group of 17 goals with 169 targets and 304 indicators, as proposed by the United Nation
General Assembly’s Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals to be achieved
by 2030. Post negotiations, agenda titled “Transforming Our World: the 2030 agenda for
Sustainable Development” was adopted at the United Nations Sustainable Development
Summit. SDGs is the outcome of the Rio+20 conference (2012) held in Rio De Janerio and is a
non-binding document.

The 17 goals under the Sustainable Development Goals are as mentioned below:

1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere


2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture
3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well being for all at all stages
4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning
opportunities for all
5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive
employment and decent work for all
9. Built resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster
innovation
10. Reduce inequalities within and among countries
11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production pattern
13. Take urgent actions to combat climate change and its impact
14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources
15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably
managed forests, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt
biodiversity loss
16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to
justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for
sustainable development

Sustainable Development Goals in India


India’s record in implementing Sustainable Development Goals

● Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) is being


implemented to provide jobs to unskilled labourers and improve their living standards.
● National Food Security Act is being enforced to provide subsidized food grains.
● The government of India aims to make India open defecation free by the year 2019
under its flagship programme Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
● Renewable energy generation targets have been set at 175 GW by 2022 to exploit solar
energy, wind energy and other such renewable sources of energy efficiency and reduce
the dependence on fossil fuels.
● Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) and Heritage City
Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) schemes have been launched for
improving the infrastructure aspects.
● India has expressed its intent to combat climate change by ratifying the Paris
Agreement.

Candidates preparing for the upcoming IAS exam must visit the linked article for more details
regarding the exam.

Millennium Development Goals

The United Nations in September 2000 made all its members follow a Millennium Development
goal that had a series of eight time-bound targets that were supposed to be attained within a
time period of fifteen years. The eight targets under the Millennium Development Goal are as
mentioned below:

1. To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger


2. to achieve universal primary education
3. to promote gender equality and empower women
4. To reduce child mortality
5. To improve maternal health
6. To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
7. To ensure environmental sustainability
8. To develop a global partnership for development

In 2015, a final report was handed over to the UN, stating the positive impact of the Millennium
Development goal based on the eight factors and also on the maternal mortality rate. Once the
15-year target of MDG was attained, the responsibility for the development based on the 17
targets based Sustainable Development Goal.

How much progress has been made regarding SDG?

In 2019 five progress reports on the 17 SDGs appeared. Three came from the United Nations
Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), one from the Bertelsmann Foundation
and one from the European Union. According to a review of the five reports in a synopsis, the
allocation of the Goals and themes by the Basel Institute of Commons and Economics, the
allocation was the following:

Allocation of the Goals and their major themes in five leading SDG reports 2019

SDG Topic Rank Average Rank

Health 1 3.2

Energy 2 4.0

Climate

Water

Education 3 4.6

Poverty 4 6.2

Food 5 7.6

Economic Growth 6 8.6

Technology 7 8.8
Inequality 8 9.2

Gender Equality 9 10.0

Hunger 10 10.6

Justice 11 10.8

Governance 12 11.6

Decent Work 13 12.2

Peace 14 12.4

Clean Energy 15 12.6

Life on Land 16 14.4

Life below Water 17 15.0

Social Inclusion 18 16.4

Impact of SDG & MDG

The Millennium Development Goals were the stepping stone for the United Nations members to
look for a developed and brighter future for their countries and the people living there. In 2000,
the MDG was accepted and the final report presented in 2015 clearly mentions the decrease in
infant mortality rate, reduction of poverty, provision of safe drinking water, sanitation and
drastically improving the mental health of people.

Following its footsteps, the Sustainable development goals are set to make the world a better
place to live by 2030. The plan was accepted in 2015 and up till 2019, the reports presented by
the UNDP prove that various actions have been taken for the betterment of the Nation and
improvement in the livelihood of people across the world has been seen.

The Sustainable Development Goals have resulted in the decline of the maternal mortality rate,
reduced poverty, worked for the improved health of the people, spread awareness about the
communicable and non-communicable diseases and also the vaccines required for children.
Efforts are being taken for providing better medication to the world and mental illness is also
being taken as a major concern.
Overall the Sustainable Development goals tend to make the world a better place to live by
fulfilling its targets within the stipulated time of 15 years and remove poverty, improve health,
provide employment, empower women, reduce inequalities and follow all the seventeen targets
that have been set by the UN.

You might also like