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Construction work involves many health and safety hazards. Falls are the leading cause of construction fatalities, accounting for over 30% of deaths. Effective health and safety management is important to reduce accidents. This includes implementing personal protective equipment standards, training workers, monitoring safety compliance, and providing medical benefits through programs like India's Employee State Insurance Act. New technologies like wearable trackers that monitor worker locations and safety gear use can also help improve safety and reduce costs by preventing accidents and streamlining attendance tracking.

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Aiswarya Rajkumar
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15 views

PM Assignment

Construction work involves many health and safety hazards. Falls are the leading cause of construction fatalities, accounting for over 30% of deaths. Effective health and safety management is important to reduce accidents. This includes implementing personal protective equipment standards, training workers, monitoring safety compliance, and providing medical benefits through programs like India's Employee State Insurance Act. New technologies like wearable trackers that monitor worker locations and safety gear use can also help improve safety and reduce costs by preventing accidents and streamlining attendance tracking.

Uploaded by

Aiswarya Rajkumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AISWARYA.

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CONSTRUCTION WORKER’S HEALTH AND SAFETY


REQUIREMENT AND MANAGEMENT

Construction is an industry that comprises a wide range of high hazard


activities. Construction workers are exposed to serious hazards such as falling from
rooftops, unguarded machinery, being struck by heavy construction equipment and
electrocutions.
According to OSHA, falls are the leading cause of death in construction.
They make up more than 30% of all construction fatalities. These deaths are
preventable.
A construction project is a definite mission with a set of defined objectives
and achievements applied to the construction of a built facility. The Construction
Project Management is the set of guidelines to manage the entire process through all
the stages from Project Appraisal till Completion and Handover. Construction Project
Management consists of number of processes among which Safety and Health
management is an important function.

I. HEALTH MANAGEMENT:
This looks into issues including risk factors to the health of construction
personnel as well as providing hygiene conditions at construction sites. The following
have to be managed:

i) Occupational health hazards – construction workers not only face the risk of
falling from rooftops but also diseases like silicosis, asbestosis and
anthracosis.
ii) Short-term ill effects of the activities like inguinal hernia from carrying
heavy weights and dehydration or hypoglycemia from long hours in the sun.
iii) Long term ill effects include increased susceptibility to tuberculosis from
prolonged exposure to dust or asbestos and crippling in case of accidental
injuries.
iv) Provision of personal protective equipment for specific health hazards is the
most important and least followed step. The 10 most important OSHA
standards are:
1. Scaffolding to prevent falls
2. Excavation site equipment
3. Ladders to be properly maintained
4. Hazard communication systems
5. Electrical wiring done in such a way that will not cause
careless accidents
6. Head Protection like hard hats
7. Eye, Face and Hand Protection like Safety glasses, face
shields and gloves.
8. Foot protection like slip-resistant boots
9. Training of on-site workers on first aid.
10. Forklift operator regulations

v) Laying down of construction hygiene control methods including sanitary


restrooms, clean drinking water, washing facilities to clean up and good
housekeeping practices.

II. SAFETY MANAGEMENT:


The aim of safety management is to implement strategies to achieve zero
accident status at site. Following steps are to be taken:

i) Laying down of safety regulations and mandatory procedures according to


the type of work process. For example, in the construction of fall protection
scaffold, the regulations state that they are to be made accessible through
stairwells and ladders, a designated authority must inspect the scaffolding
at periodic intervals and the scaffolds must be at least 10 feet from power
lines at all times.
ii) Standardization of work processes.
iii) Regular inspection of machinery and equipment by the concerned
authorities in order to enforce the mandatory regulations.
iv) Providing education and training to the construction workers regarding
safety measures like emergency response drills in case of a fire or
earthquake.
v) Insurance of built facilities, the construction workers and third party.
vi) Periodic safety audit of construction sites.
vii) Effective post accident action including accident analysis and reporting and
implanting corrective measures to avoid the repetition of such accidents.

Safety Officers are appointed in accordance with the provisions of the


Building and Other Constructions Workers Act of 1996. Their functions are:

i) To ensure the following of standard operating procedures for the safety of


the personnel and safe handling of machinery.
ii) To assume responsibility for compliance of employer in all statutory
obligations in regard to safety of personnel and equipment.
iii) To guide and assist site managers in the goal to maintain an accident free
and safe environment.
iv) To train personnel in construction safety by conducting safety surveys and
designing documents to record and promote safety on worksite.
v) To arrange for safety briefing of all persons entering the construction area.

OSHA’s THREE SIMPLE STEPS TO PREVENT FALLS


ESI Act:
In India, the Central Government has in place a scheme for the welfare
of both employers and employees called the Employees’ State Insurance Act or
ESI Act. In accordance with this Act there is a Chapter incorporated for the
benefits of persons employed in hazardous occupations, including construction
workers.
The Chapter states that a Site Appraisal Committee consisting of Chief
Inspector and other members is to be constituted. Their work is to examine the
service conditions of the employees involved in hazardous processes. They are to
devise measures to improve the safety conditions and prevent accidents to the
construction workers.
This Act also covers a wide range of benefits for employees like Medical
benefit, Sickness benefit, Disablement benefit etc. For those workers insured
with the ESI:
i) Medical benefit provides full medical care including hospitalization, free
of cost, in case of sickness, workplace injury and maternity.
ii) Sickness benefit provides cash payment for upto 91 days to workers
whose sickness is certified by an Insurance Medical Officer.
iii) Disablement benefit provides cash payment and free medical treatment
for workers temporarily or permanently disabled as a result of worksite
injury as well as occupational diseases.

ROLE OF WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY:


According to McKinsey & Co, labour comprises more than 40% of the total
cost of a project. Labour is also the most variable cost. If methods were
developed to reduce accidents involving labour personnel, and improve their
safety conditions, the total cost of labour could be reduced, resulting in wider
profit margins.
Low-cost wearable technology has been developed to track worker
attendance passively, which not only saves time but also significantly improves
worksite safety. Devices can be attached to Personal Protective Equipment(PPE)
such as hard hats or safety vests. Benefits of these wearable tracking devices
include:

i) Managers can account for everyone almost immediately during a site


emergency or evacuation.
ii) People can be confirmed whether or not they are in restricted zones and
if they are wearing the appropriate PPE.
iii) These can ensure that the workers are not working too long, for that’s
when accidents occur most frequently.

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