Smart Grid and Smart Meters

By
R.P. Singh
Chairman, APSERC, Itanagar
Former CMD, SJVN Ltd.
 Outline of the Presentation

Power sector of Bihar: An overview

Smart Grid Concept: Attributes and Technical Features
Advanced Sensing and Measurement
Smart Grid Roadmap: Regulations
About Smart Meters
Conclusion
 Per-Capita electricity consumption (kWh) of Indian States/ UT in FY 15
2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0
 Per capita electricity consumption of Eastern states/UT (FY 15)

1,600 1,419

1,400

1,200
835
1,000
685 647
800

600 361
203
400

200

0
Odisha Jharkhand Sikkim West Bengal Andaman & Bihar
Nicobar
Islands
 GOAL

UPGRADE THE GRID IN A SMART WAY

 Smart Grid
• USES INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES TO IMPROVE
HOW ELECTRICITY TRAVELS FROM POWER PLANTS TO
CONSUMERS

• ALLOWS CONSUMERS TO INTERACT WITH THE GRID

• INTEGRATES NEW AND IMPROVED TECHNOLOGIES

INTO THE OPERATION OF THE GRID
 Smart Grid Concept
ISGF Smart Grid Film 15.March.2016(0).mp4

Solar Generation

Thermal Generation
Smart Transmission & Distribution

Energy Storage

Customer Service Wind Generation

Monitoring & Control

Nuclear Generation
Smart Home

Smart Vehicle

Smart Building
Smart Grid Concept Contd…
 Smart Grid Attributes
• Information-based
• Communicating
• Secure
• Self-healing
• Reliable
• Flexible
• Cost-effective
• Dynamically controllable
Advanced Sensing and Measurement

Enhance power system measurements and enable

the transformation of data into information.
Evaluate the health of equipment, the integrity of
the grid, and support advanced protective relaying.
Enable consumer choice and demand response,
and help relieve congestion
Advanced Sensing and Measurement Contd..

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

Provide interface between the utility
and its customers: bi-direction control
Advanced functionality
• Real-time electricity pricing
• Accurate load characterization
• Outage detection/restoration
Advanced Sensing and Measurement Contd..

Health Monitor: Phasor

measurement unit (PMU)
Measure the electrical waves
and determine the health of
the system.
Increase the reliability by
detecting faults early,
allowing for isolation of
operative system, and the
prevention of power outages.
Advanced Sensing and Measurement Contd..

• Distributed weather sensing

• Widely distributed solar
irradiance, wind speed,
temperature measurement
systems to improve the
predictability of renewable
energy.
• The grid control systems can
dynamically adjust the source
of power supply.

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 SG Roadmap – Distribution
Integrated technology Policies for mandatory
Modernization of
trials through a set of roof top solar power
distribution sub-
smart grid pilot generation for large
stations
projects by 2015. establishments

Electrification of 100% Development of

households by 2017 Microgrids, EV
Development of Smart
and continuous integration, storage
Cities
improvement in quality options, solar PV2G
and quantum of supply. and B2G technologies.

Extending fiber link to

Reduce AT&C losses to
all the 33/11 kV &
below 15% by 2017,
above substations to
below 12% by 2022,
build a backbone
and below 10% by
comm. network for
2027.
power sector by 2017
 Regulations for Smart Grid
Investment

Review and Approval of Smart Grid

Investments
Recovery of Costs
Role of Smart Grid Consultation
Committee
Evaluation, Measurement & Verification
Regulations for Smart Grid Contd..
Tariff Design

• Implement specific Tariff

Structure to promote
deployment
• Process of tariff setting
Regulations for Smart Grid Contd..

Safety and Standards

Product Standards
System Standards
Performance Standards
Network and Communication
Standards
Customer Data Protection
Standards
Regulations for Smart Grid Contd..
Customer Engagement

Awareness and Capacity

Building
Customer Participation and
Incentives
Consumer or Prosumer
Dispute Redressal Process
Regulations for Smart Grid Contd..
Smart Grid Cell & Nodal Officer

Constitution of Smart Grid Cell

Appointment of Nodal Officer
 Smart Meters
A smart meter records consumption of electric energy in

intervals of one hour or less and communicates this data to

the utility company. This allows utility companies to

introduce price differentiation based on the season and the

time of day. This encourages consumers to change their

energy consumption pattern

 Meters options- Then & Now
• One channel – kWh, analog Meter Capabilities
• One read per month, manual • Solid State
• 15 minute interval data
• 96 readings per day
• Two way communication
• On demand reads
• Remote disconnect capability
• HAN enabled
Transition • “Energy management device”
• Sensors

Events
• About 400 events
• Outages
• Restorations
• Power Quality
• Tampering / Fraud
• Configurable
• Log only
• Advisory
• Alarm
 Advanced metering System (AMS)

1. Identification of Voltage Issues and

AMS enables a whole new Failing transformers Prior to Complete
set of data that can be used Failure
for engineering analysis and 2. Improvement of Reliability Indexes
provide for new ways to (SAIFI / SAIDI) from AMS Data is More
improve a distribution Accurate than Conventional means
system’s efficiency and 3. AT&C Loss Reduction
reliability. 4. Reduction in Distribution Transformer
Failure Rate
5. Tampering / Theft (Revenue Protection)
Smart Meters data Flow

Source- Oncor Electric Co. (Texas based)

 Smart Metering Projects in India (2018)
SMART METERING PROGRESS - STATE-WISE TARGETS AND ACHIEVEMENTS
FOR CONSUMERS WITH CONCUMPTION FOR CONSUMERS WITH CONCUMPTION ABOVE 200 kWh
ABOVE 500 kWh AND UPTO 500 kWh
STATE
target (no Acievement % Target (no of Acievement
% achievement
of meters) (no. of meters) achievement meters) (no. of meters)
Andhra Pradesh 399,713 289 0.07 1,671,543 980 0.06
Assam 31,000 5,737 18.51 150,000 7,703 5.14
Bihar 197,831 - - 336,133 - -
Chhatisgarh 488,307 - - 652,146 - -
Goa 34163 - - 120307 - -
Gujrat 247,583 - - 632,581 - -
Haryana 431797 4670 1.08 822,747 2,650 0.32
Himachal Pradesh 490 397 81.02 914 925 101.20
Jammu & Kashmir 215,828 - - 582,149 - -
Jharkhand 26,534 - - 125,896 - -
Karnataka 137,456 609 0.44 291,650 1,876 0.64
Kerala 136,000 - - 745,000 - -
Madhuya Pradesh 295,644 59877 20.25 776,487 9,356 1.20
Maharastra 10,385 - - 49,680 - -
Manipur 134,527 51420 38.22 216,940 123,417 56.89
Meghalaya 86,368 1494 1.73 189,563 5,229 2.76
Rajashtan 31,136 17,639 56.65 56,000 - -
Tamil Nadu 1,552,000 - - 8,256,000 - -
Telengana 168,634 1213 0.72 689,446 392 0.06
Tripura 32,502 4210 12.95 79,026 13,852 17.53
Uttar Pradeh 278,722 - - 781,220 3,200 0.41
Uttarakhand 75,000 - - 225,000 - -
Total 5,011,620 147,555 2.94 17,450,398 169,580 0.97
Source: Udaya dashboard accessed during February, 2018
 Ideal Smart Meter Vision / Mission

• Create more reliable, more efficient & secure

electrical infrastructure
• Better Load Management
Vision • Shifting the Peak away from Costly Power

• Shift a Peak load through a combination of direct

control & differential pricing
• Deploy robust monitoring systems with automated
self-healing capabilities
• Improve AT&C losses & monitor load centres on
Mission Real Time basis
• Integrate Green & RES, at a massive scale
 Conclusion

• Smart Grid provides intelligent, advanced power

control for the next century.
• Many new technologies involve for supporting
sensing, controlling, human interfaces.
• Charging electricity cost is fundamental
infrastructure, can be implemented similar to stock
market in smart grid.

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