Upgrade

Download the Android app!

Abnormal Psychology Chapter 2

(Barlow)
Leave the first rating
STUDY

Flashcards

Learn

Write

Spell

Test
PLAY

Match

Multidimensional integrative approach

Approach to the study of psychopathology that holds
psychological disorders as always being the products of multiple
interacting causal factors.
Genes
Long DNA molecules, the basic physical units of heredity that appear
as location s on chromosomes. A single gene is a subunit of DNA that
determines inherited traits in living things.
1/65
Created by
MindMatter7

Terms in this set (65)

OriginalAlphabetical
Multidimensional integrative approach
Approach to the study of psychopathology that holds psychological disorders as always
being the products of multiple interacting causal factors.
Genes
Long DNA molecules, the basic physical units of heredity that appear as location s on
chromosomes. A single gene is a subunit of DNA that determines inherited traits in
living things.
Diathesis-stress model
Both an inherited tendency (a vulnerability) and specific stressful conditions are required
to produce a disorder.
Vulnerability
Susceptibility or tendency to develop a disorder.
Gene-environment correlation model
People with a genetic predisposition for a disorder may also have a genetic tendency to
create environmental risk factors that promote the disorder.
Epigenetics
The study of factors other than inherited DNA sequence, such as new learning or
stress, that alter the phenotypic expression of genes.
Neuroscience
Study of the nervous system and its role in behavior, thoughts, and emotions.
Neuron
Individual nerve cell; responsible for transmitting information.
Synaptic cleft
Space between nerve cells where chemical transmitters act to move impulses from one
neuron to the next.
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals that cross the synaptic cleft b/w nerve cells to transmit impulses from one
neuron to the next. Their relative excess or deficiency is involved in several
psychological disorders.
Hormone
Chemical messenger produced by the endocrine glands.
Brain circuits
Neurotransmitter currents or neural pathways in the brain.
Agonist
Chemical substance that effectively increases the activity of a neurotransmitter by
imitating its effects.
Antagonist
In neuroscience, a chemical substance that decreases or blocks the effects of a
neurotransmitter.
Inverse agonist
Chemical substance that produces effects opposite those of a particular
neurotransmitter.
Reuptake
Action by which a neurotransmitter is quickly drawn back into the discharging neuron
after being released into a synaptic cleft.
Glutamate
Amino acid neurotransmitter that excites many different neurons, leading to action.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Neurotransmitter that reduces activity across the synapse and thus inhibits a range of
behaviors and emotions, especially generalized anxiety.
Serotonin
Neurotransmitter involved in processing of information and coordination of movement,
as well as inhibition and restraint. It also assists in the regulation of eating, sexual, and
aggressive behaviors, all of which may be involved in different psychological disorders.
Its interaction with dopamine is implicated in schizophrenia.
Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Neurotransmitter active in the central and peripheral nervous systems, controlling heart
rate, blood pressure, and respiration, among other functions. Because of its role in the
body's alarm reaction, it may also contribute generally and indirectly to panic attacks
and other disorders.
Dopamine
Neurotransmitter whose generalized function is to activate other neurotransmitters and
to aid in exploratory and pleasure seeking behaviors (thus balancing seratonin). A
relative excess of dopamine is implicated in schizophrenia (but connection isn't simple)
and its deficit is involved in Parkinson's disease.
Cognitive science
Field of study that examines how humans and other animals acquire, process, store,
and retrieve information.
Learned helplessness
Martin Seligman's theory that people become anxious and depressed when they make
an attribution that they have no control over the stress in their lives (whether or not they
do in reality).
Modeling (observational learning)
Learning through observation and imitation of the behavior of other individuals and
consequences of that behavior.
Prepared learning
An ability that has been adaptive for evolution, allowing certain associations to be
learned more readily than others.
Implicit memory
Condition of memory in which a person cannot recall past events despite acting in
response to them (contrast w/ explicit memory).
Flight or fight response
Biological reaction to alarming stressors that muster the body's resources (ex blood flow
and respiration) to resist or flee a threat.
Emotion
Pattern of action elicited by an external event and a feeling state, accompanied by a
characteristic physiological response.
Mood
Enduring period of emotionality.
Affect
Conscious, subjective aspect of an emotion that accompanies an action at a given time.
Equifinality
Developmental psychopathology principle that a behavior or disorder may have several
causes.
Linear/ One-dimensional Approach
Attempts to trace the origin of behavior to a single cause.
Vasovagal syncope
Common cause of fainting
Sinoartic Baroreflex Arc
Compensates for sudden increases in blood pressure by lowering it
Developmental Critical Period
When we are more or less reactive to a given situation or influence than at other times.
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Can result in intellectual disability
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
This disorder, present at birth, is caused by the inability of the body to metabolize
Phenylalanine.
Huntington's Disease
a degenerative brain disease that appears in early to middle age.
Huntington's disease
This disease has been traced to a genetic defect that causes deterioration in a specific
area of the brain, Basal Ganglia.
Huntington's Disease
Causes broad changes in personality; cognitive functioning, and, particularly, motor
behavior, including involuntary shaking or jerking throughout the body.
46 chromesomes
Norman human cells has:
Sex Chromesome
The last pair of chromosomes that determine an individual's sex
Dominant Gene
One of a pair of genes that strongly influence a particular trait
Recessive Gene
Must be paired with another gene to determine a trait.
Polygenic
Means that a trait is influenced by many genes, each contributing only a tiny effect.
Genome
An individual's complete set of genes - consists of more than 20,000 genes.
Quantitative Genetics
Basically sums up all the tiny effects across many genes without necessarily telling us
which effects.
Molecular Genetics
Focuses on examining the actual structure of genes with increasingly advanced
technologies such as DNA microarrays
Eric Kandel
Speculated that the process of learning affects more than behavior.
Linear/ One-dimensional Approach
Attempts to trace the origin of behavior to a single cause.
Vasovagal syncope
Common cause of fainting
Sinoartic Baroreflex Arc
Compensates for sudden increases in blood pressure by lowering it
Developmental Critical Period
When we are more or less reactive to a given situation or influence than at other times.
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Can result in intellectual disability
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
This disorder, present at birth, is caused by the inability of the body to metabolize
Phenylalanine.
Huntington's Disease
a degenerative brain disease that appears in early to middle age.
Huntington's disease
This disease has been traced to a genetic defect that causes deterioration in a specific
area of the brain, Basal Ganglia.
Huntington's Disease
Causes broad changes in personality; cognitive functioning, and, particularly, motor
behavior, including involuntary shaking or jerking throughout the body.
46 chromesomes
Norman human cells has:
Sex Chromesome
The last pair of chromosomes that determine an individual's sex
Dominant Gene
One of a pair of genes that strongly influence a particular trait
Recessive Gene
Must be paired with another gene to determine a trait.
Polygenic
Means that a trait is influenced by many genes, each contributing only a tiny effect.
Genome
An individual's complete set of genes - consists of more than 20,000 genes.
Quantitative Genetics
...

YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE...

Abnormal Psychology | Burke, Trost, deRoon-Cassini, Bernstein

AcademicMediaPremium
$11.99
STUDY GUIDE
Abnormal Psychology Ch. 2 Terms33 Terms
jamiejohall
Abnormal Psychology Ch 241 Terms
greenteaandhoney
Abnormal Psychology Chapter 230 Terms
Hanijade34
Subjects
Arts and Humanities
Languages
Math
Science
Social Science
Other
Features
Quizlet Live
Quizlet Learn
Diagrams
Flashcards
Mobile
Upgrades
Premium Content
Partnerships
Help
Help Center
Honor Code
Community Guidelines
Students
Teachers
About
Company
Press
Careers
Testimonials
Advertise
Privacy
Ad and Cookie Policy
Terms
Language
DeutschEnglish (UK)English (USA)EspañolFrançais (FR)Français (QC/CA)Bahasa
IndonesiaItalianoNederlandspolskiPortuguês (BR)РусскийTürkçeTiếng Việt 한국어中文
(简体)中文 (繁體)日本語

© 2020 Quizlet Inc.