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2018A4PS0580P Arpan Sharma: Experiment 7 Heat Exchanger - Shell and Tube Objective

The document describes an experiment conducted using a shell and tube heat exchanger. The objective was to determine the overall heat transfer coefficient and effectiveness of the heat exchanger. Key details include that the heat exchanger contains tubes inside a shell to transfer heat between two fluids, and measurements were taken of inlet and outlet temperatures of the hot and cold fluids to calculate heat transfer rates and effectiveness. The results showed that increasing the flow rates of either fluid can increase the effectiveness of the heat exchanger.

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Arpan
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66 views

2018A4PS0580P Arpan Sharma: Experiment 7 Heat Exchanger - Shell and Tube Objective

The document describes an experiment conducted using a shell and tube heat exchanger. The objective was to determine the overall heat transfer coefficient and effectiveness of the heat exchanger. Key details include that the heat exchanger contains tubes inside a shell to transfer heat between two fluids, and measurements were taken of inlet and outlet temperatures of the hot and cold fluids to calculate heat transfer rates and effectiveness. The results showed that increasing the flow rates of either fluid can increase the effectiveness of the heat exchanger.

Uploaded by

Arpan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2018A4PS0580P Arpan Sharma

Experiment 7

Heat Exchanger – Shell and Tube

Objective:

To find the overall heat transfer coefficient and the effectiveness of Shell and Tube heat exchanger.

Learning from Experiment:

The Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger is the most common type of heat exchanger used in industries. It
contains a number of parallel tubes inside a shell. Shell tube heat exchangers offer a large heat
transfer area and provide high heat transfer efficiency.

There are many different designs of shell and tube heat exchangers to meet various process
requirements. Shell and Tube heat exchangers can provide steady heat transfer by utilizing multiple
passes of one or both fluids.

Apparatus:

1. Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger setup Rotameters


2. Hot water pump
3. Thermocouples
4. Hot water sump

Assumptions:

1. The shell and tube system is completely insulated.


2. Specific heat capacity of water is considered constant.

Precautions:

1. Ensure that the water level in the tank should be sufficient.


2. Do not touch the heaters/hot surfaces.
3. Never let the hot water sump get empty.
4. Wait till the steady state before taking readings.

Data:

Observations and calculations

For reading 1 in parallel flow at 50 degree C

T1= 49.2 deg C


2018A4PS0580P Arpan Sharma

T2= 46.4 deg C

T3= 43.1 deg C

𝑇1+𝑇2+𝑇3
Tav= = 46.233 deg C
3

Density at 46.233 deg C= 988.78 kg/m3

Specific heat= 4066 J/kgK

Volume flow rate of hot fluid= 1.01 litre/min

10^−3
Qhot= Heat lost by hot fluid= 1.01* 60
*988.78*4066*(49.2-43.1)= 4.13*10^2 W

T4= 24.9 deg C

T5=27.7 deg C

T6= 30.1 deg C

Tav= (24.9+27.7+30.1)/3= 27.5667 deg C

Density at 27.577 deg C= 995.48 kg/m3

Specific heat = 4070.6 J/kgK

Volume flow rate of cold fluid= 1.01 litre/min

10^−3
Qcold= Heat gained by cold fluid= 1.01* *995.48*4070.6*(30.1-24.9)= 3.55*10^2 W
60

Average heat trasnfer= (4.13+3.55)*10^2 /2 = 3.84 *10^ 2 W

dTi= T1-T4= 24.3 deg C

dTe= T3-T6= 13 deg C

𝑑𝑇𝑖−𝑑𝑇𝑒
LMTD= 𝑑𝑇𝑖 = 18.06 deg C
log⁡( )
𝑑𝑇𝑒

h=

Table-1:

Calculations:

Hot water flow rate, mh

Cold water flow rate, mc


2018A4PS0580P Arpan Sharma

Heat lost by hot water, Qh

Heat gained by cold water, Qc

Average heat transfer, Q = (Qh + Qc)/2

ΔTa = Thi - Tco

ΔTb = Tho - Tci

Results:

The average heat exchanger efficiency comes out to be .

The efficiency increases with an increase in flow rate of either hot/cold water in the heat exchanger.

Average value of overall heat transfer coefficient is .

Exercises:

Q1. What will happen if the cold and hot fluid one exchanged between shell side and tube side.

Ans- Flowing hot fluid in the shell side of heat exchanger allow a significant amount of heat loss to
the surrounding. This is because a portion of surface area is in contact with the surface. Colder fluid
flowing outside would result in heat loss to the surrounding.

Q2. If one of the fluids in this experiment is to be replaced by steam, should it be shell-side or
tube-side fluid? Justify your answer.

Ans- It is preferred to pass steam through the tubes of the shell because if condensation of steam
occur due to heat loss, water would settle down inside the tube and not flow outside and only will pass
through. This water would reduce the capacity of the heat loss because it would occupy a volume
portion of the shell side.

Q3. Heat exchanger effectiveness for shell and tube exchanger is generally higher than double
pipe heat exchanger. Comment.
2018A4PS0580P Arpan Sharma

Ans- Shell and tube heat exchangers are generally more efficient than double pipe type heat
exchangers because they prefer a greater surface area per unit volume of flow. A shell and tube heat
exchanger can be assumed as double pipe heat exchanger with multiple inner pipes.

Q4. The shell of the shell and tube heat exchangers is sometimes insulated, and sometimes not.
When it should be insulated and when not?

Ans- The shell of the heat exchanger should be insulated in those cases where there is a chance of
heat loss or gain for the fluid flowing through the shell surroundings. In cases which the fluid is need
for much insulation.

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