EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication

Engineering
 EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Syllabus

Module I: Basic Solid state/ semiconductor devices, their VI characteristics and

their applications
Module II: Bipolar and Unipolar transistors (extension of diodes), their VI
characteristics and their applications
Module III: Application of devices studied in Module I and Module II (mainly
Module II)-(used in transducer stage and intermediate stage of
Instrumentation system)

Module IV: Logic gates and Boolean algebra

Module V: Basic electronic communication (mostly used in intermediate stage of
Instrumentation system)
 EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Syllabus
Module-1
Diodes and Applications: Introduction to PN junction diodes; Characteristics of semiconductor
diodes: V-I characteristics, diode-resistance, temperature-dependence, diode-capacitance; DC &
AC load lines; Breakdown Mechanisms; Zener Diode – Operation and Applications; Diode as a
Rectifier: Half Wave and Full Wave Rectifiers with and without C-Filters. [9L]
Module-2
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT): PNP and NPN Transistors, Basic Transistor Action, Input and
Output Characteristics of CB, CE and CC Configurations, dc and ac load line analysis, operating
point, Transistor biasing: Fixed bias, emitter bias/self-bias, Low-frequency response of CE
amplifier.
Field Effect Transistors: JFET, Idea of Channel Formation, Pinch-Off and saturation Voltage,
Current-Voltage Output Characteristics; MOSFET: Basic structure, operation and characteristics.
[9L]
Module-3
Sinusoidal Oscillators: Concept of positive and negative feedback, Barkhausen criterion for
sustained oscillations, Determination of Frequency and Condition of oscillation, Hartley and
Colpitt’s oscillator.
Operational Amplifiers: Characteristics of an Ideal and Practical Operational Amplifier (IC 741),
Inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, Offset error voltages and currents; Power supply rejection
ratio, Slew Rate and concept of Virtual Ground, Summing and Difference Amplifiers,
Differentiator and Integrator, RC phase shift oscillator. [9L]
Module-4
Logic Gates and Boolean algebra: Introduction to Boolean Algebra and Boolean operators,
Symbolic representation, Boolean algebraic function and Truth table of different Digital logic
Gates (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, EX-OR, EX-NOR); Realization of Basic logic gates using
universal gates, Adder, Subtractor, adder/subtractor. [9L]

Module-5
Electronic communication: Introduction to electronic communication system, Electromagnetic
Communication spectrum band and applications, Elements of Electronic Communication System;
Merits and demerits of analog and digital communication, Modes of communication; Signal
radiation and propagation; Need for modulation; Introduction to Amplitude modulation and
Angle modulation. [9L]
Text Books:
1. Millman J., Halkias C.C., Parikh Chetan, Integrated Electronics: Analog and Digital Circuits
and Systems, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill.
2. Mano M.M., Digital Logic and Computer Design, Pearson Education, Inc, Thirteenth
Impression, 2011.
3. Singal T. L., Analog and Digital Communications, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill.
4. Haykin S., Moher M., Introduction to Analog & Digital Communications, 2nd Edition, Wiley
India Pvt. Ltd.
Reference Book:
1. Boylstead R.L., Nashelsky L., Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 10th Edition Pearson
Education, Inc.
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Role of engineer

Enhance performance, reliability, efficiency and cost

effectiveness of system

Energy Information
- generate, distribute, regulate -process, store, communicate

Analog Digital Hybrid

 Implementation system

Analog Digital
Continuous time continuous valued Discrete time- discrete valued

SC/ SMD/
SD

Course objective:
material parameters
terminal characteristics (related principles and
applications )
 EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Automation system

Business functions - sales and marketing,

order entry, cost accounting, customer
billing
Product design - research and development,
design engineering, prototype shop

Manufacturing planning - process planning,

production planning, MRP, capacity
planning
Manufacturing control - shop floor control,
inventory control, quality control

Manufacturing plant
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Field instruments
Control hardware

Controllers
Actuators
Sensors
Control Software
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering

SCADA
 EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Instrumentation system

Instrumentation system

Fig. Generalized system

1
 EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Introduction: Instrumentation system

QUANTITY VARIABLE VARIABLE DATA DATA

PRIMARY
TO BE CONVERSION MANIPULATION TRANSMISSION PRESENTATION
SENSING
MEASURED ELEMENT ELEMENT ELEMENT ELEMENT
ELEMENT

DATA/ SIGNAL CONDITIONING ELEMENT

DETECTOR/ TRANSDUCER STAGE INTERMEDIATE STAGE TERMINATING STAGE

Sensor / Transducer Storage Indicating Controlling

derived from 'transducer' is from Actuator

sentire, transducere
meaning 'to meaning 'to lead 'actuate' means 'to
put
perceive' across’ into, or incite to,
action'
 EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Semiconductor Devices : India
Industries:
1. Bharat Electronics Ltd. (BEL), Bangaluru.
2. Continental Devices India Ltd. (CDIL), N. Delhi.
3. Semiconductor Complex Ltd. (SCL), Chandigarh.
4. Indian Telephone Industries, Bangaluru.

Research Laboratories:
1. Solid State Physics Laboratory, N. Delhi.
2. Central Electronic Engineering Research Institute
(CEERI), Pilani.

Academic Institutes:
1. IITs.
2. IISc, Bangaluru. Introduction
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Physics and analysis related to semiconductors :

electrons, holes, energy band, effective mass,
drift and diffusion of carriers, continuity and
diffusion equations, etc

P-N Junction diode

Symbol

P N
?

Introduction
 Other Junction diodes: BJT and its types
Emitter Base Collector
Symbol

P N P
?
?
Input Terminal Output Terminal

Hetero-junction BJT
P N P
Applications ?

Different material
Introduction
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering

MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) Junction

Insulator grown on
Semiconductor

M SiO2 P * No D.C. Current

* Capacitance,
Capacitance, c = f(voltage applied)

FETs: MOSFET,
MOSFET: Symbol
N1
?
Current flow b/w N1 & N2
M SiO2 P controlled by an applied voltage
through metal (M)- source
N2

Introduction
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
BMOS
(Bipolar MOS)

PMOS
(+ve Channel
MOS)
MOS NCMOS
NMOS (N-channel
(-ve Channel CMOS)
MOS)
XCMOS
(eXtended
CMOS CMOS)
(Complementary
MOS)
BiCMOS

Introduction
 EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Junction FET (JFET)

?
P1 N P2

Current controlled by PIN junction voltage

(reverse biased)
Metal Semiconductor FET (MESFET)

GaAs

MN P ?

Introduction
EC 101: Basics of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Hetero-JFET

?
MN P

Charge Coupled Device (CCD)

Introduction