Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study

Performance is the apparent demonstration of understanding, concepts,

skills, ideas and knowledge of a person and proposed that grades clearly depict

the performance of a student (Tuckman, 1975). Hence, their academic

performance must be managed efficiently keeping in view all the factors that

can positively or negatively affect their educational performance. Use of

technology such as internet is one of the most important factors that can

influence educational performance of students positively or adversely Shah et

al. (2001), this proposed that student users are affected by the internet and this

impact is determined by the type of internet usage. They are positively affected

by the informative use of internet while having drastic impact of recreational

use of internet on them. In addition, Oskouei (2010) proposed that internet is

advantageous to both students and teachers if used as a tool of knowledge

creation and dissemination.

Online networking is not just about friendship but also about the

different possibilities in which it provides knowledge to users (Abano,2010).

College students use social networking sites to stay related with peers with

mutual interests. One among this is on academic or academic attitude. College

students’ percentage information, exchange mails approximately assignments

and queries. Instructors also utilize on-line chat rooms for classroom bulletins

and solution the scholars’ questions about their schoolroom discussions.

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Nevertheless, a few used social networking web sites for enjoyment and

amusement. A big wide variety of factors however, they have an impact on of

social networking sites affects student’s educational performance.

In Digos metropolis, mainly in UM Digos College, a examine carried

out at the 4th year Filipino majors on the year 2014 and suggests that there may

be no significant correlation between using internet and the educational overall

performance of the students. For that reason, there's a want to take a look at for

this to recognize how the scholars’ use Social Networking sites as a getting to

know device and the way these affect their instructional performance. This

examine will look into the affect of the utilization of Social Networking sites at

the Language studies overall performance of the 4th year English majors of

UM Digos College.

Statement of the Problem

This section presents the purpose of the study and the variables in

interrogative statement.

1. What is the level of the utilization of Social Networking Sites in terms

of:

1.1. Educational Purposes During Weekdays;

1.2 Entertainment Purposes During Weekdays;

1.3 Educational Purposes During Weekends/Holidays; and

1.4 Entertainment Purposes During Weekends/Holidays?

2. What is the level of student’s academic performance?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the utilization of Social

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Networking Sites on the Academic Performance of the 4th year English majors

of UM Digos College?

Hypothesis

The null hypothesis tested at 0.05 level of significance.

Ho: There is no significant relationship between the utilization of Social

Networking Sites and the Academic Performance of the 4th year English

majors of UM Digos College.

Review of Related Literature

This section presents a collection of literature and related researches that

are relevant to the subject of investigation of the study.

Utilization of Social Networking Sites

Social Networking sites (SNS) have been famous for the reason that

year 2002 and feature attracted and interested tens of hundreds of thousands of

internet customers (Boyd & Ellison, 2007). Although just a few have received

international exposure and interest, the Federal Bureau of investigation

predicted that there are over 200 one of a kind sites which can be used for

social networking (Duven & Timm, 2008). Most peolpe who are contributors

of those sites, which includes MySpace (over one hundred million users) take

part in them on a each day foundation (Duven & Timm, 2008). Anybody who

becomes a member of a SNS has the possibility to create his or her personal

website or profile, which is meant to be visible as a reflection of that

character’s persona (Tufekci, 2008). By using the usage of this personal profile,

possible build an entire social community primarily based on his or her very
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own non-public options (Boyd & Ellison, 2007).

In addition, being friends with a person on a SNS allows a person to

communicate in a spread of ways, which include sending private and public

messages, collaborating in online games, commenting on photos that have been

published, sharing music or movie possibilities, responding to magazine

entries, and networking on line content is becoming an fundamental means of

coping with one’s identity, way of life and social relations (Livingstone, 2008).

Ellison, Steinfield, and Lampe (2007) said that social networking sites

has been diagnosed as an essential resource for schooling today, studies

however indicates that scholars use social networking websites which include

Facebook for amusing, to kill time, to fulfil current friends or to make new

ones. Although it has been put forward that scholars spends lots time on

collaborating in social networking sites, with many students blaming the

numerous social networking websites for his or her consistent decrease in grade

factor averages.

Steve (2008) referred to ccommunication as one of the predominant

things why social networking sites to accumulate data to expand their

knowledge. In view that social networking web sites is a massive area to

acquire records to what's trending in recent times. Green (2008) also mentioned

that trending subjects regards to celebrities, politics, sciences, technologies,

discoveries and high-quality statistics and other matters in the social media are

a first rate danger to acquire ideas since the ones article are special. Right here

are some examples of social networking sites.

A study on Pakistan by Amin, Z. et al. (2016), 300 students from

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University of Education Lahore, Comsats University, University of Central

Punjab School and College Okara, Suffa Educational Complex, and Punjab

College Oraka indicate positive effect of social media. Social Media sites like

Facebook, Twitter, Google+, and Skype capture the attention of the students for

study affecting positively their academic grade points.

Facebook. Charnigo and Ellis (2007) stated that social networking

service become added with the cause of linking buddies in Harvard university

in 2004. In its first month, over half of the 19,500 students signed up.

Thereafter, the organization accelerated to different universities then schools.

Eventually, they invited corporate groups, however it doesn’t mean that profiles

might be interchanged at will. Facebok is a social networking service launched

on February 5th, 2004. It was founded by Mark Zuckerberg with his college

roomate and fellow Harvard University student Eduardo Saverin. Kirschnera

revealed that students who multi-task between social networking sites and

homework are likely to have 20% lower grades than a student who does not

have a social networking site in visual range. He believesthat "the problem is

that most people have Facebook or other social networking sites, their e-mails

and maybe instant messaging constantly running in the background while they

are carrying out their tasks" (Enriquez, 2010).

Twitter. Twitter is an online social networking carrier that enables

customers to send and study short 140-individual messages known as tweets.

Registered users can read and post tweets, however unregistered customers can

most effective read them. Twitter become created in March 2006 by way of

Jack Dorsey, Evan Williams, Biz Stone and Noah Glass and released by July
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2006. The carrier hastily received global recognition, with extra than 100

million users who in 2012 posted 340 million tweets in step with day.

Instagram. Instagram is an internet mobile photo-sharing, video-

sharing and social networking provider that permits its users to take pictures

and movies, and share them on a diffusion of social networking structures,

including Facebook, Twitter, Tumbler and Flickr. The service become received

by way of facebook in April 2012 for approximately US$1 billion in cash and

inventory.

The concept behind maximum of this phenomenon, as with many

websites, is to assist humans sense socially linked and part of a network, even

though they will be sitting home on my own at their laptop (Coyle & Vaughn,

2008). They do this by using searching for human beings and including them as

buddies so that they will percentage records with them and other networks that

the ones humans may be a part of (Boyd & Ellison, 2007). Being buddies in the

SNS world honestly method that profiles had been linked collectively. This, in

turn, expands a person’s network greatly, so that they will meet and proportion

records with even greater participants (Coyle & Vaughn, 2008).

Educational Use of SNS during Weekdays, Weekends and Holidays.

Educational use of the Internet will be defined in this study as using the

Internet and computer technologies for obtaining information for academic

purposes from a vast multimedia online library covering numerous topics.

Adolescents use the Internet to search for information for school research

projects and other school assignments, and to enhance their learning and

understanding. In addition, communication with people regarding schoolwork

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will be included.

Entertainment Use of SNS during Weekdays, Weekends and

Holidays. Recreational use of the Internet will be defined as using the Internet

for recreational and entertaining purpose such as online gaming, downloading

pictures, listening to music, searching for information pertaining to leisure

activities, and reading online news reports. The 2007 National Survey about

Internet use by the Korean Statistical Information Service revealed that the

three primary purposes for Internet use were data/information seeking (88.7%);

leisure activities, such as movies, games, and music (86.0%), and

communication through chatting and emailing (84.7%). Pempek, Yermolayeva,

and Calvert (2009) sought to understand how college students in particular

used Facebook. In this study, 92 college students recorded their Facebook

usage in terms of time and the functions they used on the site. Respondents

were also asked why they used the site. Based on the findings of the study,

respondents reportedly averaged 27.93 minutes on the site on weekdays and

28.44 minutes per day on weekends (Pempek et al.). The majority of students

also used the site in the evenings as the hours of 9:00PM to 12:00AM were the

mostly commonly reported log-in times (Pempek et al.).

Student’s Academic Performance

According to Kim et al. (2009) that the roles of global students are aid

through internet and social community web sites, especially, for specific

international college students that are the use of their net for constructing new

relationships, also for take a look at, and the opposite students the usage of the

internet of their host country. To broaden new relationships with college

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students additionally they utilized technologies from their entertainer country.

Rather than focus on build and maintain relationships, number one aim of

students become to satisfy instructional needs this studies fundamental

recognition on the usage of net as a whole.

A research by Asdaque, Khan and Rizvi (2010) became performed on

100 undergraduate college students of federal universities in Pakistan. The

studies centered on the use of internet and its consequences on academic

performance. The outcomes recommended a terrible relationship. Similarly

paintings on this location accommodates of a look at performed by Bashir,

Mahmood and Shafique (2008) at one of the university in Pakistan that targeted

on the internet usage with the aid of undergraduates, graduates and submit

graduate students. The look at analyzed a sample of 300 customers and the

evaluation assessed the relationship of internet with revel in, frequency and

places of net utilization. The results suggested a high-quality dating among

college students and net usage, and 63 percentage of the total students cited that

they used net regarding educational associated paintings handiest.

Nevertheless, this take a look at focused on internet impact of usage social

media on instructional performance.

In addition, Sheldon (2008) concluded in an observation that scholars go

to social networking web sites several times in an afternoon. Junco, Helbergert

& Loken (2011) performed an examination, which adopted the survey method,

2,368 students were randomly selected to participate within the take a look at.

They have a look and discovered that students who participate in discussions

on social media reap excessive grades as compared to individuals who are not
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on social media. Annette et al, (2009) additionally gave an illustration that the

quantity of time 5 students spend on social media sites networking can

negatively have an effect on their grades. Further, Hurt et. al, (2012) indicated

that social media has the capability of distracting college students from

concentrating on their direction works at faculty.

The study of Hamat, Afendi (2012) supplied the effects of a nationwide

survey on tertiary stage students in Malaysia. The consequences confirmed that

SNS penetration isn't at complete a 100% as initially assumed. The effects

additionally indicated that while the respondents are using SNS for the purpose

of informal studying activities, best half (50.3%) use it to get in touch with

their teachers in casual getting to know contexts. The respondents suggested

spending more time on SNS for socializing rather than mastering and they do

now not accept as true with the use of SNS is affecting their academic overall

performance.

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

This study is anchored with the Time Displacement Theory of Maxweel

McCombs sited through Mutz Roberts & van Vuuren (1993) wherein the idea

assumes that humans have a restrained amount of time to do a selected aspect;

elevated quantities of time on a particular activity will displace different

activities. In line with Neuman (1991), while people cultivate the time they

spend on-line undertaking social and/or leisure sports, time sacrifices will

should be made in other regions, such as time spent on studying, analyzing, and

homework.
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Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Social Networking Academic

Sites Utilization Performance

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram Showing the Variables of the Study

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The Uses and Gratification idea of Katz, Blumler and Gurevitch (1973)

which explains the motivation of someone the usage of media, method and

conduct approximately the precise manner. Similarly, the very first factor is

how human beings use the media (Hanjun, 2000). According to Severin and

Taknard (2007), this proves that the “Uses and Gratification” is an attitude

centered on mental conversation in how human beings use it in the equal way

for their purposes. Ito, Horst, Bittanti, Boyd, Herr-Stephenson, Lange, et al.,

(2008) as cited by Kim, S. (2011) it's been lately stated that teenagers

nowadays spend a big amount of time on the net for more than one functions.

In terms of college students’ use of the internet, it's been pinned that this

displacement take place because the internet, which entertains younger college

students with stimulating pictures as well as visible and auditory consequences,

is more appealing and without delay grafting than college-related sports (Kim,

2011). Consequently, the use of the internet will bring about the displacement

of academic achievement as held by means of Koshal, Koshal & Gupta, (1996),

Aderson, Huston, Schmitt, Lnebarger, Wright, & Larson (2001), Shin (2004),

and Shejwal and Purayidathil (2006). Researchers have further pronounced that

complex internet use among adolescents carry poor consequences in faculty

performances, as well as to social abilities (Caplan, 2005). Therefore, it's

anticipated that the 4th year BSED foremost in English students’ use of the

social media for educational purposes will undoubtedly affect their academic

success, while their non-academic use of social media, especially their leisure

use, will negatively have an effect on their educational overall performance.

Shown in the figure the dependent and independent variables of the

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study. The utilization of social networking sites with its indicators the

Educational Purposes During Weekdays, Entertainment Purposes During

Weekdays, Educational Purposes During Weekend/Holidays, and

Entertainment Purposes During Weekends/Holidays as the independent

variable influences the dependent variable; the students’ academic

performance.

Significance of the Study

The finding of the study is significant to the following:

Teachers. The teachers will be guided and influenced in collaborating

Social Media and teaching for a green procedure of students’ gaining

knowledge of the lesson.

Students. The study gives recognition to the students at the influence of

usage of Social Networking websites on their educational performance. College

students will learn how to control their time efficaciously while the usage of

Social Networking sites.

Future Researchers: This study would serve as reference or a guide to

the future researcher to undertake similar study on. The outcomes of this study

will give them more information in connection with the subject concern in this

research.

Definition of terms

This section present the key term used in the study. They were defined

conceptually for better understanding of the study.

Social Networking Sites. The term defined as a website that provides a

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venue for people to share their activities with family, friends and colleagues or

to share their interest in a particular topic. Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn and

Twitter are the leading social sites (Boyd, D. and Ellison, N. 2007). As used in

this study, it refers to web sites or different application that the respondents are

member of which allows them to communicate with every other with the aid of

posting information, comments, messages, and images.

Academic Performance. The term is defined as back to the extent to

which a student has executed their quick or lengthy-time period educational

desires (Koshal et. al, 1996). As used in this study, the academic performance

of the 4th year English students of UM Digos College on Language Research

(Eng 51) during the second semester of the school year 2016-2017 was looked

upon.