UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB... Roll No.

First Semester 2018

Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme

PAPER: Elementary Mechanics TIME ALLOWED: 30 mini..-

Course Coder PHY-I01/11003 MAX. MARKS: 10
Altempt lhis Paper on this Question Sheet only,

SECTION I (Tick the correct statemenr)

1) -The value ofdiv(curl F; is always

a)F b) curlF
c) 0 d) none ofthese
2) The divergence ofposition vector i: -i*yi*rf
a)3 b) zero
c) non- zero d) none of these
3)A stone is thrown upward which rises to height of 300m.The relative velocity of stone with
respect to earth will be maximum at
a )300 b) the ground
c) the highest point d)None of these
4) The decrease in P.E ofa ball of mass, 20kg which falls from a height 50 cm is
a )900J b) 1980J
c) iero d)98J
5)The maximum weight of body is
a )at poles b) at moon
c) at equator d)none ofthese
6)On moving from pole to equator,the weight of body
a )constantly decreases b) constantlyincreases
c) remain same d)none ofthese
7)The relation between linear and angular velocity is
a)v = wxr b) v= rxw
c) w: vxr d)all of above
8)The ratio of angular velocity ofhour hand and minute hand of a watch is
a)l:12 b) 1:l
c) 720:l d)none of these
9)Torque per unit moment of inertia is equivalent to
a )Radius of gyration b) angularacceleration
c) angular velocity d)inertia
10)The centre of mass rigid solid circular cone ofheight h is
a)h/2 b) 2h/3
c) 3h/4 d) none of these
 6
,,cffi;) UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
)L-lJ
First Semester 2018 :
@ Examination: B.S.4 Years Programme ! Rou No,

TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.

PAPER: Elementary Mechanics
Course Code: PHY-101/1 1003 MAX. MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Sertiol.:ll
Ql:write the answers of the following questions (2 x tO = ZO)

i)Prove work energy theorem?

ii)Prove that curl of gradient of scalar function is always zero

iii)Define Carioles forces with one example?

iv[n conical pendulum ,what happens to period and speed when g:90"
v) what are non-conservative forces?give examples.

vi)Calculate the velocity of solid sphere at the bottom of inclined plane?

vii)Define moment of inertia?

viii)what is perfect inelastic collision. Give it physical significance?

ix)state gauss's divergence theorem?

x)state Kepler's laws of period?

Section -III

Q3

a)State and prove Stoke's law (6,4)

b)Aparticle of mass m moves on a path

;: ocos*t'i+bsinwti.
Calculate angular momenfum and torque .which conclusion you draw from the result of torque?

Q4 ( 6,4)

a) Calculate rotational inertia of solid cylinder about an axis passing through its centre perpendicular to its
axis of symmetry.

b)Consider a rotor of radius 2m.It is given that coefficient of function between material of clothing and
rotor wall is 0.40.Find speed ofobject, time period and frequency ofrotor?

Qs (6,4)

a)what is conservative field ?prove that the force is negative gadiant of P.E?

b) Calculate centre of mass of uniform solid cylinder?

 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB...
Roll No.
First Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme
".. '..
PAPER: Waves, Oscillations and Optics TIME ALLOWED: 30 min3...
Course Code: PHY-102 MAX. MARKS: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.
Section- II
Qucstion No.2
Q.2. Write short ansryer.s of the Ibllorving questions (2x10=20)

i what are mechanical n,aves. Give three examples of mechanical rvaves

ii. Establish a relation betu,ee. *,a,ele,gth and v'a'e n.mber..
iii A block of ttlass m is attached rvith one end of a spling. -lhe other encl of spring is
attachecl
r'vitl'r a fixed support. What is the change in total
energy of block wiren it is clisplaced iionr
nean position to the extl.eule positiou
iv' Write down tlie condition under rvhich a simple pendulnm u,ill have
the same period as the
physical pendulum
v' In the case of darnped harmouic oscillator. prove that the value of minimuur
life time
con'esponding to critical damping is recipr.ocal of the angular freqr-rency..
li. What is the source ol.euerqv u,hich sets u.aves ir.r motior_r along a string.
Give types of
energy t1'ansported by' such rvaves.
vii' Write the condition urtder lvhich beats betrveen two tones can be delected
by human ear..
viii. write at least two conciitions u,der rvhich Doppler effect is not observed.
ix' what is the role of compe,sator in Micherson Interrerometer.
x' Wlite equation oldiffraction grating. Why zero order image formed
by gratisg is bright.

Section III
Question No.3
(a) Defirle centre of oscillation o1'a phl'sical pendulum. Derive
the equatiol of rnotion of
physical pendr-rlttm ancl prove that sirlple penclulum is
special case of physical pepdulgur.
(b) A unifb|nl disk is pivotecl at its rirn.
Find its period for srnall oscillations. Also caiculate the
length of equivalent sinrple penclulum

(6+1)
Question No. 04
(a) what are standing waves. Drive the
condition under wl.rich nodes and antinodes are formed.
Also shorv that distance bctr,veen consecutive node a,d anti 1 ,ode is
(b) Speed of a r't'ave on a string is I 72 m/s u,hen the tension i, ir is t z: J. To u,hat value must
the te,sio, be in erased i, order to raise trre rvave speed to I g0 rn/s
(6+4)
Question No.05
(a) Describe YoLurg's double slit experiment. Determine
the colditions of constructive and
dest'uctive interference. Arso calculate angular separation
of fiinges.
ib) A dor"rble slit experimettt is performed u,ith blue gleen light of rvavelength 5l2
Bright
fi'illges are seen ol1 a scl'een rvhich is 5.4m arvay flom the 'rn.
slits. If the distance bet,"r,een tu,o
consecutive bright fringes is 2.3 0 x I 0'r r"u. hou, far. apart
are the slits.
(6+4)
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
aataaaaaaaaaa
First Semester 2018 aa
aa
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme i Roll No...................... :

PAPER: Waves, Oscillations and Optics TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code: PHY-102 MAX. MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided
Section- I
Question No. I Choose the right answer:

(i) Eqr.ration of simple harmonic motion can be written as:

d2x
(a) rn =-kx (b) m dzx (c) m d-2 v
dr, ff:-krx ff=-k.r
(ii) A simple harmonic osciilator stafts its r.notion fronl 1he extreme position. Its
displacernent (x) at anv iustant of time .t, can be rvritten as :
(a) x = xm sin(rot + rp) (b) x: xnr cos(rot + g) (c) x: xm tan(ror + rp.)

(iii) Flequency of a simple pendnlurn can be given as:

rqr:*.[sL b\f=L^[UoL
2nv
(c) f : *^on
(il') Combination of two simple hamronic nrotions u,'hich are at right angle to each other
having identical arnplilude and frequencl,' but differing in phase b1, 90 w'ill result in a:
(a) circle (b) stlaight line (c) parabola
(v) Tl.re spacc occupied by a rar.cfaction is equal to :

(a) ) (b) 1 t1 (c) 1t2

(vi) A tuning fork of trnknou'n tiequency rnakes three beats per second wit[ a stanclar.d
fork of freqtrenu' 384 Ilz. The beat fi'equencv decreases rvhen a small piece of r.r,ax is
put on a pror.rg of the lirst fork. The frequency of this tbLk will be :

(a) 381 Hz (b) 387 uz (c) 384 uz

1i'ii) In the case of light waves. the reiation bet$'een patir difference and phase difference
cal be '"vritten as :

='] . ZttA
:2r).d
(a) Aq .a (b) Ao=
, (c) Aq

(viii) In young double slit experirnent the position of bright lringes on the screen is given

by the lelatiorrvr,:ff. The position of zero order brigirt fringe wiil be at the :

(a) Centre ofthe screen (b) Top end ofthe screen (c) Bottom end ofthe screen
(ix) If velocity of light in air and in a medium other than air is giver.r by c ar.rcl v
respectively. then the refractive indexQi) of the medium can be 'uvritten as:

(a) i (b) i (c) cv

(x) Light falls nomralll' on a thin film rvhose thickness is close to zero( i.e 2d < i ). On
reflection, sucir a thin film n.rLrst appear:
(a) Bright (b) Dark (c) None olthese
 TINTVERSITY OF THF' PUNJAB
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2018 oa
X'irst Semester aa
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme i noU No. ..................... t
-a a a a a a a a a aa aa aaaaaaa aaa ao

PAPER: Physics-I (Mechanics & Optics) TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code: PI{Y-I11 MAX. MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Separute Answer Sheet provided

Q.2 Write short answers to the following questions (10x2)

t. What is rneatrt by divelgence of a vector?

2. Ll'tp - 3x2yaz3 then find grad <p.

3. What is conical pendulurr? White the fornrula to calculate its tirne period.
4. What do you rnean by angular momentum?
5. At what angle of projection the range and height of a projectile becomes equal?
6. How the viscosity otthe liquids atrd gases vary with temperature?
7. How the value of gravitational acceleration 'g' varies with latitude?
8. What is Fresnel diffraction?

9. How carl you diff'ererrtiate the diffraction and interference?

I 0. Dei-ine holography.
(Essay-type questions)
3 (a) State and prove Stoke's theorem. (6)
Q.
(b) A conicat pendulum is lormed by attaching a 539 pebble to a 1.4 m string' The pebble
swings arouud on a circle of radius 25 cnr. (4)

Q. 4 (a) State paraltel axis theorern. Using parallel axis theorem, find the rotational inertia of
a solid cylinder about an axis passing through its center and perpendicular to its axis of
symmetry. (6)

(b) State and give matherrlatical proof of work energy theorem. (4)

Q. 5 (a) Describe Young's double slit experiment. Derive relations for the position of bright
fringes and dark fringes and the tringe width. (6)

(b) Find the slit separation of a double slit experiment that witl produce bright
intert-erence fringes 2'apart in angular separation. Assume a wavelength of light is 592
nm (4)
 UNTYERSITY OF THE PUNJAB... Roll No.
First Semester 2018

PAPER: Physics-I (Mechanics & Optics) TIME ALLOWED: 30 mins'.'..

Course Code: PIIY-I11 MAX. MARKS: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheetonly.

Q.l Encircle the correct option (l0xl)

I . Scalar is a tensor of rank

a) Zero b) one c) two d) three

2. Ifv, P and E denote the velocity, momentum and kinetic energy ofthe particle, then choose
the right relation
a) l']= dE/dv b) P = dE/dt c) p = dvldt d) E = dp/dt
3. If a solid sphere, disc and cylinder are allorved to roll
down an inclined plane from the same
height, which one among these will reach the bottom first
a) Cylinder b) Disc c) Sphere d.1 Hoop

4. '['hc
ret'erence ll'arnes where Newton's laws can be applied are called fralnes.
(a) inertial (b) norr-inertial (c) non-accelerated (d) both a & c
-l'he
5. coef ficient ol kinetic friction is alwavs coefficient of static friction
(a) lcss than (b) gr-eater than lcpquul to (d) both a & c
6. The velocities oltwo equal masses A and B ar:e I3 rns-l and -l4ms-l respectively. What will be
thcir respective velocities after they suffer one dimensional elastic collision?
a) -14 rns-r arrd l3 rns-l b) l4 ms-l and -13 ms-l
b) 0 and 14 ms"r d) 0 and t3 ms-r
7. A neutron movirtg with velocity v collides with a stationary o-particle. The velocity olthe
neutron alter collision is

il _3u/s b)3"/s d)2" /s

") -2v /5
8. The velocity of light was determincd accurately by
(a) Newton (b) Huygen (c) Michelson (d) young
9 A ball of nrass ro gm hits a hard-vertical surface u'ith a speed of 5m/s and rebounds with the
same speed' The ball remains in contact with the surface for (o.or) sec. The average force
cxerted by the surface on the ball is
(a) I00 N (b) r0N (c; lN (d) 0.01 N
10. The earth revolves round the sun in au elliptical orbit. Its speed is
a) lncreases continuous ly b) Greatest when it is closest to the sun
b) c) Greatest when it is farthest from the sun d) constant at all points of orbits
 UNTYERSITY OF THE PUNJAB... Roll No.
F'irst Semester 2018

PAPER: Physics-I (Mechanics & Optics) TIME ALLOWED: 30 mins'.'..

Course Code: PHY-I11 MAX. MARKS: 10
Atlempt this Poper on thit Question Sheetonly.

Q.l Encircle the correct option (10x1)

I . Scalar is a tensor of rank

a) Z.ero b) one c) two d) three

2. lf v, P and E denote the velocity, momentum and kinetic energr of the particle, then choose
the right relation
a) P=dE/dv b)P=dE/dt c)p=dv/dt d)E=dp/dt
3- If a solid sphere, disc and cylinder are allowed to roll down an inclined plane from the same
height, whicll one among these will reach the bottom first
a) Cylinder b) Disc c) Sphere d) Hoop
4. 'l'hc reference ti'arnes where Newton's laws can be applied are called frarres.
(a) inertial (b) non-inertial (c) non-accelerated (d) both a & c
5. '[hc coelficient of kinetic friction is always coefficient of static friction
(a) less than (b) greater ttran 1c) equal to (d) both a & c
6. Thc velocities oltwo equal Inasses A and B are l3 ms-l and -l4ms-l respectively. What will be
thcit respective velocities after they suffer one dimensional elastic collision?
a) - l4 ms-l and 13 ms-l b) l4 ms'l and -13 ms-r
b) 0 and 14 ms-r d) 0 and 13 ms-l
7. A neutron ntovittg with velocity v collides with a stationary o-particle. The velocity of the
neutrolt after collision is

il -3v/s D31'/s
") -2v /s
d)2"/s
8. Tlre velocity of light was deternrined accurately by
(a) Newton (b) Huygen (c) Michelson (d) young
9 A ball of mass ro gm hits a hard-vertical surface with a speed of 5m/s and rebounds with the
sarne speed. The ball remains in contact with the surface for (o.or) sec. The average force
exerted by the surface on the ball is
(a) 100 N (b) r0 N (c)lN (d) 0.0r N
10. The earth revolves round the sun in an elliptical orbit. Its speed is

a) Irrcreases continuous ly b) Greatest when it is closest to rhe sun

b) c) Greatest when it is larthest fronr the sun d) constant at all points of orbits
 T'MYERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
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First Semester 2018 aa

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Examination: B.S. 4 Years Proeramme Ilaanoil
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a
No. .....................
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ao
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a a o oo

PAPER: Physics-I (Mechanics & Optics) TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code: PHY-lll MA)L MARKS: 50
Attempt this Poper on Separate Answer Sheet provided

Q.2 Write short answers to the following questions (f 0x2)

l. What is meant by divergence of a vectorl'

2.ll q - 3x2yaz3 then f rnd grad p.
3. What is conical pendulum? White the lbrnrula to calculate its tirne period.
4. What do you mean by angular momentum?
5. At what angle of projection the range and height of a projectile becomes equal?

6. How the viscosity of the liquids and gases vary with temperature?
7. How the value ol gravitational acceleration 'g' varies with latitude?
8. What is Fresnel diffraction?

9. Horv can you dift'ererrtiate the diffraction and interference?

I0. Define holography.
(Essay-type questions)
(6)
Q. 3 (a) State and prove Stoke's theorem.
(b) A conical perrclulum is lormed by attaching a 53g pebble to a 1.4 m string. The pebble
swings arouncl on a circle of radius 25 cm. (4)

Q. 4 (a) State parallet axis theorern. Using parallel axis theorem, find the rotational inertia of
a solid cylinder about an axis passing through its center and perpendicular to its axis of
sYmmetry. (6)

(b) State and give nrathenratical proof of work energy theorem. (4)

Q. 5 (a) Describe Young's double slit experiment. Derive relations for the position of bright
fringes and dark fringes and the fiinge width. (6)

(b) Find the slit separation ol a double slit experiment that witl produce bright
interf-ercnce fringes 2'aparl in angular separation. Assume a wavelength of light is 592
nm (4)
 UNIVERSITY OF TIIE PUNJAB...
Roll No.
First Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme
\
\
PAPER: Mechanics and Wave Motion (IT) TIME ALLOWED: 30 minsl.. \
Course Code: PHY-121 MAX. MARI(S: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheit only.

Section - I (Objcctive Type)

Question no. 1: Choose the correct answer from the given options. Overwriting, cutting and
erasing is not allowed.

l. The unit of force in S.I. units is

(a) kilogram (b) newton (c) waft (d) joule

2. A force acting on a body may

(a) produces acceleration (b) balance the other forces acting on it
(c) change its motion (d) all ofthese

3. A force,is completely defined when we specif,

(a) magnitude @) direction
(c) point of application (d) all ofthese

4. The co-efficient offriction depends upon

(a) nature ofsurfaces (b) area ofcontact
(c) shape ofthe surfaces (d) all ofthese.

5. dxlgivesus
(a) Linear acceleration (b) Radial acceleration
(c) Tangential Acceleration (d) Angular Acceleration

6. The-rate of change of linear momentum of a body is equal to

(a) force (b) torque (c) momenr of inertia (d) none of these

7' A construction worker holds a heavy toor box. How much work is done by the worker?
(a) F* d (b) zero (c) mgh (d) none of these

8. Which of the following is not a scaiar quantity

(a) time (b) mass (c) volume (d) acceleration.

9. The wave form of S.H.M. is

(a) square wave (b) standing wave
(c) sine wave (d) none

10. The distance of waves covered in unit time is called its

(a) amplitude (b) frequency
(c) wavelength (d) none ofthese
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
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First Semester 2018 aa

PAPER: Mechanics and Wave Motion (IT) TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code: PHY-121 MAX. MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Separule Answer Sheet provided

Section-Il (Subjective I'ype) (10 x 2:20)

Question no. 2: Write short answers of the following questions.

(i) State Newton's second law of motion, give examples.

(iD Define work and power. What is the relation between work and energy?
(iiD A motorbike etrgitre cau develop a power of 90000 W in order to keep a constant velocity
of 30 m/s. What is the pushing force?
(iv) State the law of conservation
of linear momentum.
(") What happens to the total energy of a moving object if all the applied forces are
conserved?
(yi) Differentiate between center of mass and center of gravity.
(vii) It is possible to tell theoretically if a mechanical motion will be SHM through a
careful analysis of the forces in the system?
(viii) State two shell's theorems.
(ix) What is interference of waves and explain interference of waves with the help of
phase difference.
(x) Find the amplitude for a S.H.M. given by the equation x : 3Sin3A + 4Cos3A.

Question No. 3: (6+4)

(a) State and prove impulse+nornentum theorem.

(b) A particle moves along a straight line such that distance x traversed in t seconds ls
given by x = t2 (t - 4), lind the acceleration ofthe particle at t:2sec.

Question No. 4: (6+4)

(a) State and prove work energy theorem.

(b) Two blocks, with masses m1 : 4.6 kg and mz : 3.8 kg, are connected by a light spring
on a horizontal frictionless table. At a certain instant, when m2 has an acceleration a2 :
2.6 m/s2,what is the lbrce on m2 and what is the acceleration of m1?

Question No. 5: (6+4)

(a) Describe the energy in wave motion. Explain interference of waves with the help of
phase difference.

(b) A body of mass I kg suspended from the free end of a spring having force constant
400 N/m is executing s.H.M. when the total energy of the system is 2 joule, find the
maximum acceleration.
 UNTVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB..... Roll No.
First Semester 2018
Examination: 8.S.4 Years Prosramme in
\
Phvsical Education \
PAPER: Fundamentals of Physics TIME ALLOWED: 30 min3.'.
Course Code: PIIY-131 MAX. MARKS: 10

Attempt thb Paper on this Question Sheet only.

(Objective Type)
r\ttenrpt this paper on this sheet only.
Q. 1:-Encircle the correct answer out of the four options given. No mark will be awarded for cutling,
ovenrriting and for use of lead pencil or ink remover. (1 x 10 - 10)
(i)- Relation between linear and angular accelerations is:
(a) a-ra (b) a - r<o
(c) a-r9 (d) allof above
(ii)- In the absence of external force, linear momenturn becomes
(a) zero (b) constant
infinity (d) very small
.(c)
(iii)- Number of vibrations completed in one second is called;
(a) frequency (b)amplitude
(c) displacement (d) time period
(iv)- Obiects A and B are separated by small distance r. The magnitude of the force of gravity on A from B is given by
Fee and the magnitude of the force of the force of gravity on B from A is Fer. lf the mass A is doubled while that of
B is unchanged, then:
(a)-Fee will double while Fer will remain the same (b)- Fm will double while Fsrwill remain the same
(c)- Both Faa and Fee will double (d)-Both Fea and Fer will remain same
(v)- The dimensions of G are equivalent to:
(a)-energy/momentum2 (b)-velocityr /{orce
(c)-distancer/forcez (d)-velocityr /angular momentum
(vi)- The amount of heat required to raise temperature of 1 kg of a substance through 1oC is called:
(a) heat capacity (b) temperature
(c) heat constanl (d) specific heat capacity
(vii)- Semiconduclor materials have:
(a) ionic bonding (b) covalent bonding
(c) van der Waal (d) melallic bonding
(viii)- Nucleus contains:
(a) protons (b) neutrons
(c) electrons (d) bolh a and b
(ix). ln n-type semiconductors, electrons are:
(a) majority charge carriers (b) minority charge caniers
(c) both a and b (d) none of above
(x)' The thermal property of a system which remains constant during an adiabatic process when no heat enters or
leaves the system is called:
(a) enthalpy (b) entropy
(c) ienperature (d)heat
 I]NTVERSITY OF TI{E', PI]NJAB
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First Semester 2018 : :

Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme in ! Ron No. ..................... :
Ph$it"tEd'*ti*'orotooo"orreooooceoo'o'r
PAPER: Fundamentals of Physics TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code: PHY-131 MA)L MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided"

Attempt this paper on separate sheet provided. All questions are compulsory.
Q. 2: Write short answers of following questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
(i)-Can angular momentum of an object increase without changing its linear momentum? lf yes, give an example. lf
not prove it.
(ii)- A student holds tr.ro dumb bells with stretched arms while sitting on a tum table. He is given a push until he is
rotating at certain angular velocity. The student then pulls dumb bells towards his chest, what will be effect on rate of
rotation?
(iii)- System A has masses m and m separated by distance r; system B has masses m & 2m separated by distance
2r and system C has masses 2m and 3m separated distance 2r. Rank these systems in order of increasing
gravitational force.
(iv)-The earth's orbit is slightly elliptical. Earth is closer to sun during the northern hemi sphere winter than it is
during summer, ls speed of earth during winter same as its speed during summer?
(v)- Explain why specific heat at constant pressure is greater than speciflc heat at constant volume.
(vi)- How could you increase the entropy of 'l mol of a metal that is at room temperature? How could you decrease
its entropy?
(vii)- How is it possible that a large number of prolons exist in a very small space inside the nucleus?
(viii)- Why is heat energy named as energy in transit? How is it sometimes related to thermal equilibrium?
(ix)- What are advantages of a full wave rectifier over a half wave rectifier?
(x)- Do pre semiconductors obey Ohm's law?
Q. 3: (a)-Define angular momentum and develop a relation between torque and angular momentum.
(b)- State law of conservation of angular momentum, Show that the angular momentum about any point of a single
particle moving with constant velocity remains constant throughout the motion. M+06
Q. 4; (a)-State Newton's law of gravitation and show tfrat it is in accordance with Newton's tlrird law of motion.
(b)-Equation of simple harmonic oscillator in standard form is, 05+05

d,'l^*r'*-o
dt.
Here ar is angular frequency of oscillator and x is displacement of oscillator at any instant of time. By solving this
equation, find displacement of oscillator in form,

s is calred phase constant and x- is ..1.d ,;ilfJ"ti;ifl;* "

Q. 5: (a)-Define specific heat capacities of an ideal gas at constantvolume and pressure. Show that difference
between specific heat at constant pressure and specific heat at constant volume is equal to ideal gas constant R.
(b) Wnat is meant by forward and reverse biasing of a semiconductor diode? Why a semiconductor passes current
in fonrard direction but not in reverse direction? 05 + 05
 UNTVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
Second Semester - 2018 ..Roll No.
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Proeramme
\\
PAPER: Electricity & Magnetism TIME ALLOWED: 15 Mints. '.
, Course Code: PIIY-103 I PI{y-12328 Part - I (Comoutsorv) MA)L MARXS: 10 '..
uestion Sheet onlv.
Please encirtle the correct ontion. Each MCO carries I Mark This Paner will be collected
back after exnirv of time limit mentioned above.

Q.l Encircle thc correct answer from given multiplc choices in each part. (1 x 10)

i. A closed spherical surface of radius r in a unifonn electric field E . What is electric flux
through the surface?
(a) 4rr21 (b) mzE (c) 2rr2 E (d) 0
ii. What is the capacitance of a single spherical conductor of radius r surrounded by air?
(a) 4nesr (b) 4re6r2 (c) 2rexr (d) 4ntolr
iii. Electric charges A and B are attracted to each other. Electric charges B and C repel each other.
lfA and C are held close together they witl
(a) Repel (b) Attract (c) Not affect each other

(d) More infornration is nceded to answer

iv. r\n electric dipole of dipole mornent F in a uniform electric lield E rvill experience a

minirnum potential energy

(a) When F is antiparallel E (b) When F is parallel to d
(c) When F is pcrpendicular to E (d) Alt above are incorrect
v. The resistance R ofa particular object does not depend on?
(a) The material of which it made (b) The length
(c) The cross sectional area (d) The applied potential difference
vi. Ampere's Circuital Law and which of the following law in electrostatics are analogous
(a) t,enz's law (b) Causs's larv (c) Biot-Savart's [.aw (d) Faraday's larv
vii. The rnaterials in which the atoms have no pertnanent magnet dipole moments arc
(a) Ferromagnctic (b) Paramagnetic (c) Diamagnetic (d) Both (a) & (b)
viii. Induced electric lield is produced by
(a) Changing magnetic flux (b) Changing electric charge
(c) Changing resistance (d) Both (b) & (c)
ix. A positive charge q moving with constant velocity v through magnetic field B, will experience
maximum magnetic force u,hen, the angle between v and B is
(a) o" (b) r80' (c) 90" (d) both (a) and (b)
x. The value permeability in air is
(a)4nxLo-7 B/m (b)2nxL0-7 II/m (c)4nx 1o? H/m (d)4rx LO-1 H/m
 UNIVERSITY OF THB PT]NJAB aaaaa
Second Semester - 2018 aaaa a aaa aaaa aaaaaaaaa
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!ta JaRonNo.
a aaaaaaa
..................-.
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PAPER: Electricity & Magnetism TIME ALLOWED: 2 Hrs. & 45 Mints.

MAX. MARKS:50
Course Code: PIIY-103 lPl:tt{-12328 Part - II
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Q.2 Give the short answer of each question (2 x l0 = 20)

i. What does it rrean to say that a physical quantity is (a) quantized (b) conserved?
ii. Describe briefly the procedure for finding the force exerted by continuous charge distribution
on a point charge.

iii. Electric field at any point on positive v axis due to line of charge is given by
' E =
=#,+Lz /+'
y.,lyl

compute eelectic field due to infinetly long line of charge.

tv. State Faraday's law. What describes the negative sign in this law?
v. Electric .lines of force never cross, why?
vt. When I current pass through toroid windings of N tums, write the formula fbr magnetic field
lor interior path. AIso describe direction of magnetic fietd within toroid by right-hand rule.
vl l. f)iscuss the analogies and differences between Biot-Savart law and Coulomb's law'
vll l. [Iow you conclude that electric potential energy reside in the volume between the plates oI the
capacitor.
ix. Why do not we sirnply define the direction of magnetic field B to be the direction of magnetic
force that acts on moving charge?
x. Explain why a spherical shell exerts no electrostatic force on a charged particle placed inside it'

Q3. (a) What is electric dipole? Derive the expression for the magnitude of electric field at any
point due to dipole. (6)

(h) A plastic rod whose length is 220 cn and radius is 3.6 mm, carries a negative charge ol
rnagnitude 3.8 x 10-? C, spread unilbnnly over its surface. \[hat is the electric field near
the midpoint of the rod, at a point on its surface? (4)

Q.4 (o) By applying Biot-Savart law, calculate the magnetic field at any point, due to
current passing through straight wire segment of length L. (6)

(b) A solenoid has the length 1.23 m and an inner diameter 3.55 cm. I t has five layers of
winding of 850 turns each and carries a current 5.57 A. What is B at its center? (4')

Q.s (a) Prove that the displacement cuffent between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is
equal to conduction current in the connecting wires. (6)

(b) Prove that in paraltel plate capacitor, the displacement current,,Id = cdv
d.t
(4)
 T]NIVERSITY OF' TTIE PI]NJAB
aa aa a a a a aaaa aaaaaaaaaaaa
Second Semester - 2018 aa
aa
aa
Examination: B.S. 4 Years 3
or
RollNo. ..................... :
aooo aa aaaaaaaaaaa aaaa aao

PAPER: Thermodynamics and Kinetic Theory TIME ALLOWED: 2IIrs. & 45 Min.
Course Code: PHY-104, PI{Y-12329 Part - II MA)L MARKS:50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Section-II
Question no: 1 (5x4=20)
Write short answers to the given questions:
a. State and relate three rvell-known dolinitions of second law of thermodynamics?
b. Define the term Absolute zcro. What witl be happened for three different types ol
gases? Also define thermal equilibrium?
c. A wire of length lm and radius lmm is hcated via an electric current to produce lkW
of radiant power. Treating the wire as a perfect btackbody and ignoring any end
effects, calculate the temperature of the wire.
d. If the ternperature dift-erencc between the source atrd surroundings is small then sl-row
that the Stefan's lau, reduces to Newton's larv of cooling.
e. [Iow much heat (in eY) must be added to a system at 27o C for the number of
accessiblc states to increase bv a factor of 108?

Section-III

Question no: I (12)

Define the foliowing terrns:
(3xq)
a '. Thermal isolation.
Seebeck effect.
. 'fhermistor.
' o Thermo couple.

Question no:2 (6)

[,stiurate the rms ve locity of hydrogen molecules at NIP and at 12'l'C.

Question no: 3 (8+4:12)

i. Define a brief overview of TDS equations and Clapeyron's cquation?
ii. State the terms strictly according to the thermodynanrics that what is nreant b,v

internal energy vs heat, vs tetnperature and vs external energy?

)
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
Second Semester - 20f8
. RoIINo.
Examination: B.S. 4 Years
t
\\
PAPER: Thermodynamics and Kinetic Theory TIME ALLOWDD: 15Min.
Course Code: PIfY-104, PH'lt-12329 Part-I (Compulsory) MAX. MARKS: 10

Attempt this Paoer on this Ouestion Qheet onlv.

bsck after expirv of time limit mentioned above.

MCQs (10x1=10)
Q.1.

i. If we remove the lid of a bottle containing chlorine gas then this process will be:
a) Ineversible b) ' Reversible
c) Infinite d) Both a and b
ii, The state of highest entropy is also known as the state ot
a) Least probable b) Most probable
c) Largernumber of ways d) Both b and c

iii. In S=k ln (W), here the W contains the number of:

a) Macro-states b)ProbabilitY
c) Micro states d)Permutations

iv. Change in entropy is inversely proportional to the temperatwe at which the heat is:
a) Lost b) Added
c) Constant d) Z.ero

v. The Kelvin temperature at which heat il added must remain aonstant for .... .. Process'
a) Reversible b) Irreversible
c) Continuous d) Both b and c

vi. In an ideal gas, reversible process is one in which the given set does not change:
a) P andV b) TandU
c) P,VandU d) All of these

vii. fo be reversible, a process must be done:

a) Very slowly b) Very quickly
c) Moderately d) Moderate and fast

viii. If low temperature is 500 k and high rcmperature is 1000 k the effrciency will be:
a) 0.50 b) o.oso
c) 500o/o d) s%

ix. If actual work done is2.7 x 106 joule md Qn witl be 6.6 x 106 joule, efficiency will be:
a) 0.41 b) 4t%
c) Both a and b d) Information not comPlete

x. In refrigerators work is done to cause heat to tavel ..... ' its normal direction.
a) Same b) OPPosite
c) Perpendicular d) InfinitY
 I]NTVERSITY OF' TIIE PT]NJAB
SecondSemester'2018 ."r,.""".."""""'"
aa
Examination: B.s. 4 Years Prosramme ! :
nouxo. .....................
l.....oaaaa..aaaaaa.....,

PAPER: Physics-Il (Waves & Oscillation) TIME ALLOWED: 2 Ers. & 45 Mints.
course
- code: PHY-113 / PEY-12307 Part - II MAX. MARKS: 50
,- Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Q.2. Write short ansrvers of the follorving. (Z xl}) = Z0

i. What i.s tire frequency of seconcl's pendulum.

ii. Defiile node and antinode in wave tnotion.

iii. What is an ideal gas? Write its two properties,
iv. State lst iew oi therrnriclynanrics. write its matheniatical for-rn.

v, Converr 100nC in to l(elvin (K) Scale.

' vi. What is ir-reversible process give its an example.

vii. Define Zeroth Law of thermodynarnics.

viii. What is principle of sLrperposition. t

ix. Define Damped Harmonic motion.

Q 3' (a) Wrat are beats, how these are produced and give theil graphical representation. What
irre their applications?
(b) Prove that Beat freqttency is equal to the difference between the
frequencies of the
cornbining waves.
(7+3)
Q'4 (a) Define.and explain entropy. how entropy andr2nd law of thennodynamics
are related to
each other?
(b) A small block of ice melts rei,ersibly to water such that its temperature
remains 6toC
tlrroughout theprocess. If mass of ice is 235 gm.Find the change
irr entropy of ice (Heat
ot fusion is 333 KJ/kg)?

+3) (7
Q.5. (a) Defirre Sirnple Harmo,ric Moriorr (SHM;, Explain relations berrveen Simple Harmonic
Ir{otion and Unifonn tircular L,{otion.

.t. !b)
Stare arrd explain princrnle of .srqlerposition.
(7+"':1
 T]NIYERSITY OF' TIIE PUNJAB
Second Semester - 2018 '. Roll No. ..................
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme
\
PAPER: Physics-Il (Waves & Oscillation) TIME ALLOWED: 15 Mints' '.-
Course Code: PIIY-113 / PHY-12307 Part - I (Compulsorv) MAX' MARKS: 10 '''-
Attemot this Paner on this

back after expirv of time limit mentioned above.

Q.1.. Atternpt ttrc all Nlultiple Choice Questions: (I0rI=10)

i. Distaucc ctrvered hy a body duting onc vitrration of an oscillating body in terrns of A is:
(a) A (b) 2A (ct lA (d) .J.lA

ii. hi SLIIT'I, lhc restoriug folce is directly ploportional to:

(a) Velocity (t) Accclc-LaLior.t (c) Displacernent (d) Time Period
iii. The least clistance between node aucl corrsecutive anii-node is

(a) 1" (b) 2L (c) (d) )tt4

^1,
rv. Accorciing lo l't law ol thcrmoclynamics the l'ollowiug quantity rernain conserved:
(a) Energy (b) Force (c) lvlornentum (d) Power'

v. 'l-lre Equation LU = Q - I4l is statemcnt o[ law olthennodynarnics:

(a) l" (b) Zcro (c) Zncl (d) None of these

vi. Which o[ thc tiillorving does not havc Ihe sarne units:
(a) \YoLlr (tr) Fleat (c) Kinel.ic Energv (d) Polver
vii. The tcrrqrcratLrLc scale appLoved in S I [Jnits is:
(a) Celsius Scalc (t ) Kelr,in Scale (c) Fahr:enheit Scale (d) None ol these

viii. '[lrc llrocrc;s lbr rvhich enttopy Lentains constant is:

(a) Reversible proccss (b) An iLLelersible (c)
2"d law
'- "of
:therrno(lvn
:' nl rcs (d ) None of thesc

ix. In whiclr cascs Doppler's Effect is used:

(a) RirdaL (b) Sonar' (c) 3;l* sPeed of (d) Au or these

x. 'lime peLiod (T) Wavc leugth (),) aud velocity o[ rvave are related:

(a) t -r lv (b) t -v lt. (c) 7= TV (d) None of these

 UNTVERSITY OF TIIE PUNJAB
Second Semester - 2018 r RollNo.

\\
PAPER: Electricity & Magnetism (I1') TIMEALLOWED: 15 Mints. '.,.
Course Code: PIIY-122 lrc-lj2,399 Part- I (Compulsory) MAl(. MARKS: 10
li-

Attemot this Paoer on this uestion Sheet onlv.

back after exnirv of time limit mentioned above.

Qucstion no.1: Choose the best option. (l0xl=10)

1) The temperature ofthe system decreases in an

a) adiabaticcompression b) isothermal expansion

c) isothermal compression d) adiabatic expansion

2) 'Ihe process of heat translbr by the movement of mass from one place to another is called

a) Convcction b) Conduction c) Radiation d) None oi tl'rese

3) 't he efficiency of Carnot Engine is %

a) 0 oh b) 99 % c) 100 % d) Nonc ol'these

4) Equal amounts of heat are absorbed by 1009 samples of various solid metals with
differing specific heal values. Which of the following statements is true regarding metals
and their specific heat values?
a) The metal with the snrallest specific heat will undergo the smallesl change in temperature.
b) The metal rvith thc greatest specilic heat will undergo the smallest change in ternperature
c) The metal with the greatest spccific heat will resist melting to a greater degree at its
rnelting point.
d) none o['{hese

s) Which of two temperature change are equi",alent?

a) lK:lF b) lF,lC c) lK:1C d) none of thesc

6) Illct'tric chirr-gcs,rbe) _
a) Newton's ilrst law of motion b) Newton's second law of motion
c) Newton's first third of motion d) none ofthese

7) The direction of the cuncnt density is to drift velocity

a) opposite b) in the direction of c) current density is a scalar d) none ofthese

8) The direction of a magnetic field within a magnet rs

a) from front to back b) from north to south c) from south to north d) none of these

9) \{agnetic held outsidc a solenoid is

a) exactly zero b) strong c) infinite d) ncgligible

10) Bar magnet is divided in two pieces. Which of the following statements is true'?

a) The bar magnet is demagnetizcd.

b) 'fhe magnetic field o1'each separated piece becomes stronger'
c) The magnetic poles are separated.
d) Two new bar magnets are created.
 TINIYERSITY OF TIIE PT]NJAB
a a a a a oa a a aa a a a a a a aa a a o aa
Second Semester - 2018 aa
aa
aa
3
to
Ro[No...................... :
o o o o e ol al a a a a aaa a a aa a a al

PAPER: Electricity & Maguetism (ff) TIME ALLOWED: 2 Ers. & 45 Mints.
Course Code: PIilU-122 I IT-12399 Part - II MAX MARKST 50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Question no.2: Write short answers of the following questions. (10x2=20)

1. What is the signif,rcance of entropy? Describe briefly.

2. ln a system undergoing adiabatic compression, what are the values of intemal energy and
heat ifwork done on the system is 500 J?
3. IIow many laws of thermodynamics are there? Give statements.
4. State and explain Ohm's law.
5. Sketch the electric field lines due to a uniform line of charges, unifbrm shell of charges
and two opposite charges (dipole).
6. An electric bulb draws a current of 0.43 A for 18 minutes. Calculate the amount of
' electric charge that flows through the circuit-
7. hr what sense are electricity and magnetism related? Explain briefly.
8. What is capacitance? Discuss the dependence of capacitance on q, AV and geometry.
9. Describe two main ways to generate electricity by electromagnetic induction'
10. State Lenz's law. Briefly explain.

no.3: (6+6+3:15)
Qucstion

a) Expiain the phenomena of an insulator and a conductor in an electric field with the help
of diagrants.
b) State and explain Arnpere's law. Give its any two applications (e.g. by finding the
magnetic field of wire, solenoid etc).
c) A Carnot engine has the same efficiency (i) between 200 K and 600 K and (ii) between T
K and 850 K. Calculate the temperature T of the sink.

(10+5=15)
Question no.4:

a) Find the magnetic fbrce on a single static charge, single moving charge and a cun'ent
carrying wire-

b) The electric field at point P is zero. Find the unknown charge Q?

p a lOnC
- IO cn-r 50 cm
 UNTVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB

PAPER: Concepts of Modern Physics TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PIIY-201 121330 MAX. MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Seporole Answer Sheet provided
SUBIECTIVE PART
Note: Attempt all questions of this section.
Q.2 Give the short answer of each question (2 xtO =20)
i. Explain thermal radiation.
ii. Explain the energy ofoscillator by classical physics and quantum physics
iii. Briefly describe Wien's displacement law.
iv. Explain briefly the Einstein's photoelectric effect equation.
v. Describe briefly, how Continuous X-ray spectrum is produced.
vi. Why population inversion is necessary between two atomic leveis for laser action to
occur?
vii. Explain semiconductors, according to band theory of solids.
viii. Explain biasing mle for normal operation of NpN transistor.
ix' Describe the difficulties in operation of thermonuclear fusion reactor.

x. Give the difference between exothermic and endothermic reaction.

Q.3 (a) Define de-Broglie's hypothesis. Explain in detail, how Davisson-Germer proved de
Broglie's hypothesis. (1,6)
(b) Calculate the de-Broglie's wavelength of a parlicle of mass 1.0 x 10-rs kg moving at
a speed of 2.0 m/s. (3)
Q.4 (a) State Bohr's postulates. using Bohr's model of hydrogen atom, derive the expression
for total mechanical energy of electron orbiting about central proton. (2. 5)
(b) calculate the binding energy of a hydrogen atom, that is, the energy that must be
added to the atom to remove the electron from its lowest energy state. The values to

be used;h:6.63 * 10-34 j.s, R:1.097 * l0r m-t,C:3 x 108m/s. (3)

Q.s (a) what is fission chain reaction? Discuss the three problems together with their
solutions in working of nuclear reactor based on fission chain reaction. (1, 6)
(b) 236u
consider a nucleus is in its ground state. How much energy is required to remove
a neutron from it, leaving a 235U nucleus behind? The needed atomic masses a.e 2lsu=

235.043924 u; n: 1.008665 u;
2351-J:
236.045563 u. (3)
 UNIVERSITY OF TIIE PIJNJAB.... Roll No.
Third
Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme

PAPER: Concepts of Modern Physics TIME ALLOWED: 30 mini.'.. \

Course Code: PIIY-201 121330 MAX. MARKS: 10 '..
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheel only.
OBJECTIW PART
Q.1 Encircle the co.ect answer from given multiple choices in each part. (1 x l0)
A) According to quantum physics, the energy of an atomic oscillator is
i) Constant ii) Continuous iii) Discrete iv) None of these
B) what is the effect of the increasing the intensity of lighr in photoelectric eft'ect
i) The KE ofphotoelectrons increases ii) The Stopping potential increases
iii) cutoff frequency increases iv) Emission of photo electrons increases
c) Series that lies in visible region ofhydrogen spectrum is called

i) Lyman series ii) Ballmer series iii) Bracket series iv) paschen series
D) The magnitude of the minimum momentum of a particle, trapped in infinite potential
well of width L w'ill be

i) 0 iih2/2L iti)h2tzLz iv)W2L

E) Space quantization in magnetic field was experimentally verified by

i) Zeeman and Lyman ii) Einstein and de Hass iii) Stern and Gerlach
iv) Pauli and Bohr
F) X-rays are produced through
i) Bremsstrahlung processes ii) K-shell emission processes
iii) Radioactive decay iv) Both Bremsstrahlung and K-shell emission
G) 1-he density of charge carriers in pure silicon at room temperaturc is of the order ol
i) 1028 m-3 ii) 10'6m-3 iii) 102 m-3 iv) None of thcse
H) when forward biased is increased across the pN diode, the crepretion region
i) Increases ii) Decreases iii) Remains unchanged iv) None of these
r) The activity or rate of decay of a radioactive source is measured in

i) Rad ii) Rem iii) Curie iv) Roentgen

o f'he emission of a beta particle from a nucleus rcsults in
i) Decrease in the atomic mass number ii) lncrease in the atomic mass number
iii) No change in the atomic mass number iv) None of these
 UNTYERSITY OF THE PT]NJAB

PAPER: Physics-Ill (Electricity & Magnetism) TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code : PIIY-zll 121307 MAX. MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided
SECTION - II (Subjective Part)
Note: Attempt all Questions

Q.2. Write short answers of the foltowing questions: (2x10 = 20)

l. Explain briefly what do you mean by quantization of charge.

lt. What is meant by an electric field of continuous charge diitribution?
Ill. Diflerentiate between etectric and magnetic dipoles.
tv. Define the term "rnotional EMF".
Wlrat is rneant by the term Joule hearing in a circuit?
vt. Show that, the capacitance with dielectric is given by C, K"C
=
vr l. State Faraday's law & give reason for its negative sign.
vlll. /
You are given a length ol copper wire. How would you arrange it to obtain maximum
inductance?
tx. How do you distinguish between eo and po?
x. Why a pr junction is sonretirnes called a nonlinear circuit element?

Q.3: (a) state Gauss' Iaw of electrostatics, and use it to find out electric field at a distance r
due to an infinite Iine of charge.

(b) A plastic rod, whose length l, is 220 crn and whose radius r is J.6 rnm, carries a
negative charge q of magnitude 3.8 x l0-?C, spread uniformly over its surface.
Whar is the electric field near the midpoint of the rod, at a point on its surface?
(5,5)

Q.4: (a) Use Biot-Savart's law to abtain an expression for magnetic field due to a
current i in a straight wire segment of length I.

(b) Discuss the decay ofcharge in R-c series circuit and derive an expression for
current during discharge. (5, S)

Q.5: (a) Derive an expression for torque acting on a current carrying loop placed in a uniform
extemal rnagnetic field E.

(b) What are Maxwell's equations? Write down their mathematical forms.
(5' 5)
 UNIVERSITY OF THE P[INJAB..... Roll No.
Third Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme

PAPER: Physics-Ill @lectricity & Magnetism) TIME ALLOWED:30 mini.'.

Course Code: PIIY-2ll 121307 MAX. MARKS:10 '...
Attempt this Poper on this Question Sheet only.

SECTION - I (Objective Part) (lxl0= l0)

Q.l. Each question has four possible answers, setect the correct ansrnerand Encircle it,
Overwriting, Cutting, erasing or use of lead pencil will carry zero credit.

(i) A hollow conducting ball has a single positive charge -Q fixed at the center. The ball has no
net charge. The charge on the inner surface of the ball will be
(a) +2 Q (b) +0 (c)-Q (d) Zero

(ii) A conductor of resistivity p has current density J. tl f is the electric field intensit) applied
inside then its value is equal to

6t4J @L
e.
(c) !p (d) pJ
(iii) Lenz's law deals with the
(a) Magrreric field oIEMF (b) direction oi EMF
(c) Both the direction and magnitude ol EMF idl d.rection ol induced crrnent
(iv) The electric field intensity between two oppositely cliarged plates is

(a) | =- (b) I: =iL o (d\ E =o €o

(c) E =-
LE o
1o €o )
(v) The integral involved in the expression of Arrpere's law is of the forrn of
(a) volurne integral (b) surtace integral (c) line integral (d) none as above

(vi) Which of the following law was modified by ir,laxwell by introducing displacement current
(a) Gauss s law (b) Faraday's law (c) Arnpere's law (d) BiorSavart's la',r'

(vii) The value of Bohr magneton is

(a) e (br eh (c) eh
' (d)
eh
4n nt Zzm 4nnt rm
(viii) - The dimensions of RC matches with

(a) LR (b),fiI (c)

"L 4 (d) 4-
R
(ix) The product (Px E) is equal to
(a) force (b) e lectric dipole (c) torqlre (d) elecrric potential
(x) The magnitude ofthe Poynting vector is
l
D
a' sl tdu
b) tY
,.
(a) -A (c) (d)- .
c c Po dl
 UNIYERSITY OF TI{E PUNJAB
X'ourth Semester - 2018 . RollNo.

\!
PAPER: Basic Electronics TIME ALLOWED: 15 Mints. '.
Course Code: PIfY-203 I Pl:Dt-22331 Part - I (Computsory) MAX. MARKS: 10

Attemnt this Paoer on this

Please encircle thecorrect ontion. Each MCO caries I Mark This Paper will be collected
back after expirv of time limit mentioned above.

Q.1 (k10=10)
l) kr BJT' rvith p = 100 , a equals

a) 99 b) o.ee c)1.0 d) L

2) Pinch off Voltage Vp for an FET is the ,lrain at which

a) sir:nificant drain current starls flowing c) all free charges get removed from the channel

tl) drairr current bocomes zero .d) avalanche break doun takes place

3) A trausisbr in common mocle has:

a) A high input resistance and low otLtput resisrance

b) A mediura input resistance and high output rcsistance

c) A very low input resistance and. a lo\v output resistance

d) A hip,h input resistance and a high output resistance

4) A constant current source supplies a cuffeni of 300mA to a load

of I K obm. When tire ioad is chansed ro lr)rl
Ohm. load current wtU be

a) 3 Amp b) 30 mA u) 300 mA d) 600mA

5) Conrpared to BJI a JFET has

a) I-rru,er input itrrpedance c) i{igher inpur impedance and high r.oitage garn

b) l{igher voltage g:in d) Iligher input impedance and low voltage gain

0 A virtual grouncl rtreals

a) Is a ground for voltage c) Is a ground for current

[r) Is a ground for both vohage arrd current d) Is a ground for voltage but not tbi curent
7) Which of the fotlowing is an actjve device

a) An electric blLrb b) A diode

l, A BJt' c) A transfonner

8) In a Frill wave Rectifier rvithout filter,

the rippJe iactor is

a) 0..482 b) 1.21 c) 1.79 d) 2.0s

9) A cornrnon Collector arnplifier is also
knou,n as

aj Oolir:ctor Fo llr.lra,er
c) Lmitter Follower

b) Base Followel d) Source Follower

l0) Tranriistor is a

a) Cun'ent conh.olled cunent device

c) Voltage controlled current devjce

b) Current controlled Voltage device

d) Voltage controlled Voltage Ccvice
 TINTVERSITY OF TIIE PUNJAB
Fourth Semester - 2018 '.. Roll No. ..................
Examlnations 8.S.4 Years '..-t
\\
\\
\
PAPER: Physics-tV (Concepts of Modern Physics) TrME ALLowED: 15 tvtin.'..
Course Code: PIIY-213 I PHlI-t2307 Part - I (Comoulsorv) MAX. MARKS: 10
"-
Attemnt this Paner on this Ouestion Sheet onlv.
Please encircle the correct ootion. Each MCO carries 1 Marlc This Paner will be collected
back after expirg of time limit mentioned ebove.

Ouestion no: I (10x1=10)

Attempt all MCQs and chose the best anslver.

L Frequency below which no electrons are emitted from metal surface is

a) rnininurm frequency
b) angulal frequency
c) nrax inrum lrequency
d) thresirold lreque ncy

, 2. Energy absorbed by electron is used in

a) escaping the nretal

b) increasing kinetic energy
c) both A and B
tl) incleasing fi'equency

3. Microwaves have wavelength ofabout

- /- a) l0 crn
b) 20 cm
c) 30 onr
d) 40 cm
4. OLrl cl.es tl:tecr liglrr in

a) lLG13 lbrm. Iled Blue Green fornr

b) ROYGlllV, r'ainborv colol fbrnr
c) The sinrple forn-r of a particular color
d) rrone of these ways
5. Moon is a good example of

a) [-urniuous obj ects

b) Non-lunrinous objects
c)'l'ransparentobjects
d) OpaqLre objects

6, Temperature of a gas is increased, its kinetic energy would

a) inc rease
b) decrease
c) retnain sanre
d) inorease and decrease both

(P.r.o.)
 1. Eflcot o''dil'tiaction is greatcst ir rvr,es pass trlrough
a ga1: with rvidth equar to
a) tiequency
b) wavelength
c) arrplitude
d) r.vavefront

8. Visible Iighl has wavelengtJr ol

a) -5 x l0'7 nr
b) jxl08m
c) 6xl0rm
ct) 4xlOam

9. Spreading of wave as it passes through a gap

or around an eclge is callecl
a) ref'lection
b) refract i o n
c) rlil['action
d) superposition

r0 l^ pholoclect'ic effect, erectrons

shorrrcl be renrovecr fronr the

a) inner shells
b) s urlac e
c) tl'on-r core
d) the nucleus
 I]NWERSITY OF THE PTINJAB
aa a aa aa a a a aaaaaaa aoaaraaaa
Fourth Semester - 201E aa
aa
Examination: B.S. 4 Years
! aootaaaoooaaaaaaaaa
oa
RollNo...................... :
aaa a'

PAPER: Physics-IV (Concepts of Modern Physics) Urc.lf.,f.,OWED:2 Ers. & 45Min.

Course Code: PIfY-213 lPHtt-22307 Part - II MA)L MARKS:50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Ouestion no: 2
Write short answers of the lbllowing questions. (4x5=20)

l. Deline Planks distribution larv and Wien displacenrent larv?

2. [)escribe rhe working ol-Nttclear Ileaclorl)
1. l)einc Spectroscopy. Nanre three tYpes o1'spectrel'
4. Dc;ine azimtrlhzrl qLlantLurl nunrber in dctarll'
5. Statc any 2 thcorems associatecl with wave-functions in Quantum Mechanicsl'

()trestion no: 3 (10)

-f
Whnt,lo 1.|., l*ow about Lorentz ranstbrnta tion'l Define Relativistio monrerrtttm in this
rcgard'l

Oucsti.on no: 4 ( l0)

Describc tl:e process of Controllecl Theruo-Nuclear I:usiotr in detail?

()uestion no: 5 (r0)

Describe the theory of Beta-Decay in detail'l Also calctrlate its penetration dePth?
 ....
UNIVERSIT Y OF THE PUNJAB Roll No.
Fifth Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme
\\
PAPER: Classical Mechanics TIME ALLOWED: 30 minsl''.
Course Code: PHY-301 MAX. MARKS: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.

Attempt all questions.

SECTION-I (Multiple Choice Questions) (10 Marks)

1. Select and tick one answer from the given multiple choice (10)
(i) The degree of fi'eedom of a double pendulum is

@)a
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 1
(ii) Equation of conics : mh* draws a hyperbola when
"
(a) e-1
(b) e>1
(c) e< 1
(d) e-0
(iii) The geodisic on the surface of a sphere is a

(a) great circle

(b) straight line
(c) helix
(d) ellipse

(iv) For a system of N particles the dimension of the phase space is

(a) 2N
(b) 3N
(c) a/{
(d) 61{
P.T.O.
7

(v) The Hamiltonian can be constructed from the Lagrangian using the formula:

(a) H -pis,-'L.
(b) fl: i;q; - L.

@ a:*oqt
rd) H- 1.
L
(vi) A usual expression for the conserved a.ngular momentum in a central force problem
is:

(a) I - mr20.
(b) / -- mr202.
(c) t - mrzb.
((1) t-*r'b'.
(vii) In the central force problem, conservation of angular momentu-rn is equivalent to
sayrng

(a) the linear momentum is constant

(b) the total energy is constatnt
(c) the effective potential is corstant
(d) the areal velocity is constant

(viii) If the Lagrangian is cyclic in d , then:

(a) mr2bis not corserved.

(b) mr2b is conserved.
(c) 0 appears in the Lagrangian
(d) 0 does not appear in the Lagrangian
(xi) If A and B are any two constants of motion, their poisson bracket
{A, B)
(a) is zero
(b) is invariant
(c) is a constant of motion
(d) is corariant
(x) Kepler's third law of planetry motion states that

(a) 73 x o3
(b) 72 x a3
(c) ?3 c< a2
(d) T2 x aa
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
a a aaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaraaaaa
Fifth Semester 2018 .a

Examination: 8.S.4 Years Proqramme ;-t Roll

a
-
.. -,
No. .-...................
a

:
a ta a a a a a a a a t a o a a aaa a a a t'

PAPER: Classical Mechanics TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PHY-301 MAX. MARKS: 50
Altempt this Paper on Separale Answer Sheet provided.

SECTION-II (20 Marks)

2. If Lagrangian for a system of n degrees of fieedom satisfying Lagrange equation
.L is a
of motion, show by direct substitution that

L' - L* *rr@r,.. . ,Q.it),

satisfles the Lagrange equation of motion. (5)

.). Show that the transformation

P - 2(l+ JQcosp)rrqsinp
A : In(1+ ./[cosp)
is canonical.
(5)

4. The Lagrangian for two particles of masses rn1 arlld rn2 alrd coordinates x1 and x2 ,interacting
via a potential V(x1-x2), is

L-1,1
- ,mtl- i*r*tr - Y(x1 - x2)
Rewrite the Lagrangian in terms of the center of mass coordinates
^ tflt Xt + m2 X2
R:
mt r 111a

and the relativb coordinates x: xl - x2. Use Lagrange's equation to show that the
center of mass and relative motion separate, the center of mass moving with -cjlnstant
velocity and relative motion being like that of a particle of reduced ma.ss p
'
: y--Y-
rnr rfiz *
in a potentail V(x).(S)
5. Consider.the Atwood machine as shown in Figure. Find the equation of motion.
LE )

I
x
I
l-x
I
I P.T.O.
 SECTION-III (30 Mar}s)
o- (a) State Kepler's Laws of planetary motion.
(b) Discuss the properties of rnotion in effective potential in a central force two-body
problem. (5+5)

7. (a) A particle moves in an elliptical orbit in a.n inverse squa,re law central force field.
If the ratio of the maximum angular velocity to the minimum angula.r velocity of the
particle in its orbit is n, then show that the eccentricity of the orbit is

\/6- I
,/n+ t
(b) Show that the path followed by a particle in sliding from one point to another
under the action of gravity in the absence of friction and in the shotest time is a
cycloid. (5+5)

8. (a) Show that, if a transformation from (q,p) to (Q, P) be canonical then the bilinear
form
Dlp,aqo - 6qndp;) ,

is inva.riant under the canonical t.'*ofo.-atio.r.

(b) Consider two masses tied together on a frictionless inclined plane as shown in
Figure. Find the equations of motion.

Y *\ +\
t/' '\

(5+5)
 ....
UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB Roll No.
Fifth Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme

PAPER: Mathematical Methods of Physics-I TIME ALLOWED: 30 minil..

Course Code: PHY-302 MAX. MARKS: l0
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.
Instructions' Attemptallquestions
Section-f (Objective, Marks:LO
Fill in the blank or answer true/false.

1' An arbitrary tensor of is neither symmetric nor aatisymmetric but

can alwal,s be written as the sum
of a symmetric tensor and an antisymmetric tensor. (Tlue/Farse)
z. s@@,y)ar + e@,ilctry):
Il @ _ E)a"a, (rlue/Farse)

3. I (") : z2 + z is an analytic function. (TYue/False)

4. The function f(z)
- fi has a removable siagularity at z =0 (T!uelFalse)
5. The function l(r): ,(", * l) possesses a zero of order 2 at z :0 (Tlue/FaJse)
6. If z : l0 + 8r, then Re (;) :
7. v.(v0xvO):
8. lI ez
- 2i, then z = .............,...
9. gnj
"i
10. The process of contraction of an Nth-order tensor produces another tensor of rank.
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
Fifth Semester 2018
3
taa
Roll No. ..................... :
a o l l a a aa a t a a a a aaao a a a ao

PAPER: Mathematical Methods of Physics-I TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PHY-302 MAX. MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Seporate Answer Sheet provided.

SUBJECTIVE TYPE
Section-Il (Short euestions)
Marks:20
1 Show that {q} and {ei} are reciprocal systems of vectors.
2. Expand !(z)
- ss/,in a Laurent series valid for 0 < lzl .

3. Show that z 0 is an essential singularity of (z\ _ zssin(l/z).

- f
4. Showrthat r: pdp * 26,, also prove that V.r _3andVxr:0. (Note: t,: pcosS, y: psin6,
z,=z)

5' using the carculus of residues, show that i cor2^ 0d0

- nffi, n -0,r,2....

Section-III Marks:3O
1. Evaluate
[2" cos(30)d0
Jn - 4"""d
b
2. Eva.luate

{_:
by using Cauchy's integral formula.
Jp-z;1=a,
"' igdz'

By considering the derivative of the second-order tensor T with respect to

the coordinate ue, find an
expression for the cor'ariant derivative n;,* of its contravaria.nt
components.
The electric field E : -Vg; this is derivecl frorn a scalar, the electrostatic poteutial and has
components Zr: -#..Show ia,
that E is a fust order tensor.
Find the circular cylindrical components of the velocity and
acceleration of a moving particle. (Hint:
r(t)- p(t)Ae(t) + z(t)A. and c : pcosrf,,31 _ psing, z : z)
 ...
UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB Roll No.
Fifth Semester 2018 \
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme '..
PAPER: Solid State Physics-1 TIME ALLOWED: 30 mins)'.
Course Code: PHY.303 MAX. MARKS: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.
OBJECTIVE

Q.l Encircle the correct answer (from the given multiple choices) in each part. (1x10 = l0)
A) How many total number of crystal systems are there in three dimensions?

i)5 ii) 7 iii) l0 iv) 14

B) Which combination of following crystal structures are closely-packed structures?

i) FCC and SC iD BCC and SC iiD BCC and HCP iv) HCP and FCC

C) The space lattice of cesium chloride (CsCl) structure is:

i) Simple cubic ii) Body centered cubic iii) Face-centered cubic iv) None of these
D) Reciprocal of body centered cubic lattice (BCC) lattice is

i) FCC lattice ii) BCC lattice iii) SC lattice iv) HCP lattice v) none of these

E) Optical phonon branch appears in

i) monoatomic lattice ii) diatomic tattice iii) triatomic lattice iv) none of these

D According to classical model of lattice heat capacity (C), Cu for all solids

i) depends on temperature ii) not depend on temperature iii) remains constant at all
temperatures iv) ii) and iii) v) none of these

G) Van der Waals interactions in inert gas orystals are always

i) repulsive ii) attractive iii) neither attractive nor repulsive iv) zero v) none ofthese

H) At high temperatures, phonon heat capacity, C, (according of Debye model) varies as:
i) T' ii) T" iii) T2 iv) T v) None of these

I) In monatomic lattice, the frequency of the wave at long wavelengths varies with,t as:
i) k iD k2 iii) k3 iv) independent ofwave-vector k

J) In a cubic crystal, the direction lhktl to a plane (ft&I) having the same indices is:

i) Parallel ii) Perpendicular iii) neither parallel nor perpendicular iv) none ofthese
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaooaa

Fifth Semester 2018 aa

Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme !taaaooaaoaaaa

RottNo......................
aaaaaa'
:

PAPER: Solid State Physics-1 TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PHY-303 MAX. MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.
SUBJECTIVE

.Note: Attempt all questions. Write to the point answer of theoretical part of each question.

Q.2 Give to the point answer / short description of each question. (4x5=20)
a) Draw (100), (200), (l0l) and (l l0) crystallographic planes in cubic unit cell.

b) What kind of anharmonic crystal interactions exist in solids. Disouss briefly.

c) Discuss how diffraction of waves by crystals is analogous to diflraction of waves

through grating. [s there any difference?

d) What are Van der Waals interactions in crystals? Discuss their origin.

e) Calculate the packing fraction ofhexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure.

Q.3
a) Derive dispersion relation for a linear monoatomic chain of atoms with mass rn and
separation a by taking into account nearest neighbor interactions only. (7)

b) PIot a dispersion curve and discuss behavior ofwave propagation at zone boundaries? (3)

Q.4

Define cohesive energy of a solid. Derive an expression for cohesive energy of an inert
gas crystat containing ly' atoms at equilibrium separation R,' (2+8)

Q.s
Derive an expression for lattice heat capacity of solids on the basis of Debye model.
Explain graphically the discrepancies in classical and Einstein model and discuss how
Debye model fits well with experimental observations. (6+4)
 ...
UNIVERSITY OF TIIE PUNJAB Roll No.
Fifth Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme \
\
PAPER: Electronic Devices and Circuits TIME ALLOWED:30 mins)...
Course Code: PHY-304-A MAX. MARKS: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Shbet only.
OBJECTIVE TYPE
Q.1

1, ln a PNP transistor, the p region are

a) Base and Emitter c) Emitter and Collector
b) Base and Collector d) both a &b
2. lf the output of a transistor is svrms and the input is loOvrms, the voltage gain
is
a)s c) s0
b) s00 d) 100
3' ln a transistor amplifier, if the base- emitter junction is open the collector voltage
, is
a) V"" c) floating
b) 0v d) 0.2v
4. A small signal amplifier is
a) Use only a small portion of its load line
b) Always has an output signal in the mV rang
c) Goes into saturation once on each input cycle
d) ls always cornmon Emitter Amp.
5. The input resistance of a common-base amplifier
a) Very low c) the same as in CE
b) very high d) the same as in CC
5. The differential amplifier
a) ls used in Op-amp cl has two output
b) Has one input and one output df a&c
7' ln a certain emitter fcllower circuit, the current gain is 50. The power gain
is approximately
a) 50 Av c)1
b) s0 d)a& b
8. Voltage divider bias
a) Cannot be independent of pe.
b) Can be independent of ps6
c)
not widely used
ts
d) Require fewer components than all the otherc
9. The input resistdnce at the base of the biased transistor depends
mainty on
a) Foc c) Re

R.b) d) 9oc & Re

10. ln a Digital Multi meter (DMM) measuring an open transistor junction
shows
a) 0V c) oL
b) 0.7v d) r..
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB a aa a aaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaa a aaaa
aa
Fifth Semester 2018 aa
o n rr rr
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme :. *:lt.\9..';:'.':'.':'.':'i::.':'i'..:

PAPER: Electronic Devices and Circuits TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code: PHY-304-A MAX. MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Q.2 Shod Answer 5*4= 20

1. What is ps6 and ae6 of the transistor if lc = 20.3mA and lE= 20.5mA.
2. Explain the function of a Zener Diode, where we use it.
3. What is the Amplification? what are the factors to determine the voltage gain of an
Amplifier?
4, When a transistor is used as a switch, in what two states is it operated?
5, Draw the circuit of Common Collector Amplifier, how it work.

Q.3 Draw the circuit of Schmitt-trigger circuit, How it work where it used?

b) What is a Miller Effect? 4

e.4 What isthe meaning of negative feedback, what its importance in an Oscillator circuits? Write
the function of a Phase shift Oscillator, what type of wave at the output? 10

Q,5 Draw the Class AB Amplifier, write down its function, where it used? 10
 ....
UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB Roll No.
Fifth Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme
\\
PAPER: Quantum Mechanics-I TIME ALLOWED: 30 mins)'.
Course Code: PHY-305 MAX. MARIG: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.

Q1: Choose (encircleJ the best possible answer from the given: (1xl0 = 10)

1- Conditions on wave function is that, it must be:

aJ Single valued

b) Finite
c) Continuous

dl All above

2- Livi-civitia symbol €111 for odd permutation of i, j, k is

aJ1
bl0
cl -1
d) none ofabove
3- [1,, t.]
a) hL.
b) ihL.
cJ ih L-
d) Zero
4- The Hamiltonian of harmonic oscillator in terms of Ladder operator:

a) ho(N-+)
1
b) ,h,
10J
c)
,h4
1
d) n ro (N +7) P.T.O
5- LxL
a) Zero
b)hL-
c) itri
d I None ofabove
6- lf lA, Bl = O tirun both operators can be determined
a) Simultaneously
bJ Difficult to find

c) Botha&b
dl none ofabove
7- The raising operator t* of angular momentum is defined as:

a) t"+ f t,
bll--ity
c)l*+itz
dl[,,+it,
8- If two operators commute with each other, then operators have same set of:
aJ Eigen values
bJ Eigen spectrunr

c] Eigen functions
d] None ofabove
9- Expression for Z-component of angular momentum is
d
aJ-rn dg
d
o)-in
*
cJ
.-
- rh d
dO
a
d) -ih;
10- Applications of barrier tunneling are:

a) Radioactive decays
bJ Semiconductor devices

c)Botha&b
d) None ofthese
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaraaa

Fifth Semester 2018

Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme ita RoItNo......................
aaa
:
aoaooa oo aa ao r aar a'
aa a

PAPER: Quantum Mechanics-I TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.

C :P -30s MAX. MARKS: 50
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.
SUBJECTIVE TYPE
l.
(4x5 :20)
Q2: Give short answers to the tbllowing questions:

i. What is zero point energy, If a classical oscillator hu' I t.l o' What is its
"n"tgy
arnplitude?

ii. Define degonerate eigen values, non-degeneratc eigen values, linear

ilependent lunctions and linear independent functions'
iii. Describe Correspondence principle.
iv. State Hitbed space and give two of its examples'

v. Write physical significance of Uncertainty principle'

Q3: Define the term central potential. Starting wi0l the tirne intlependent
(10)
Schroclinger's wave equation, obtain an expression of radial wave function.

Q4: (a)If two operators have simultaneous eigen flrnction, then these operators commute
(b) Write down thlee postulates of Quantum Mechanics' (7+3)
angular momentuln.
Q5: (a) Find eigen value and eigen function of z-cornponent ol
(b) Prove that [t. , Sin0] : -itrCost (7+3)
 T]NTYERSITY OF THE PT]NJAB
Sixth Semester - 20lB aaaa aaaaa a aaaaaa a aaaaaaaaa
tt
Examination: B.S. 4 years prosramme
!-.aanouNo......................
aa aaaaaaoooaooooaao
:
ol a
PAPER: Mathematical Methods of physics-Il
TIME ALLOWED: 2 Hrs. & 45 Mints.
Course Code: PIfy-307 part II
- MA)L MARKS:50
Attempt this Paper oo S.prr"t. A**u. Sf,let provided.
Section-fl (Short euestions) Vfarks_2o
l iflto lurrcLiorrs u, (,) a,cl z2 (r)are eigenfuucrions of the sarne Hermitian operator flJr$)0o,,.r",
eigenvalues ,\1 and )2. prove tlat u1(r) and ur(j *"Iinearly independent.
2. A different sa\r,tooth rvavc is riescr.ibed by

r@:{;*("+")'
I ib-"),
-zr(z<0
0<x(r.
Show that i1"1: f :i:rtro

3. Show thai
,l#,a,]: L#,ul' @, : (-ia)-rva)t - (*ia)* rru)l, (,)
4. Use rrathematical incluction to show that

J"(t'| : (-1)'"" /7 d\" Jo(r)

\;*)
5. Show thai
r+oo
,'" '' H,,(r)H^(r)d, : nttzZ"nr.p +
J ,_ )).
Section-III
Marks-30
1. !'ind the Green,s function for (drr)
&u '' dtt
Arr k-,,.: f @),
subject to the initial conditions g(0) : g,(0) : 0, and solve this ODE for z> 0 given /(o) : exp(-c).
2. A function.f(r) is expandecl in a Legenrlre series
/(r) : ir,p^(z). Show that

+l

!,
Itre)Pa, i-al
= L-:2n
+|

3. Show that

[* "-" L1(*) t-(r)d.r :

JO
66o,
whcre .Ll(c) and .L,.(e,) are Laguerre,s polynomials.
.1. Delive the r.ecurlence relatiorr
f(t +1) : zl(z),
from the Euler integral

where z is a positive real number.

l(z) :
I e-tt,_t dz.

5. Show that
.,G
r(,b+ 1). (;., (2* + 1),
= bif
where A is an integer.
 UNTVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB \
Sixth Semester - 2018 '. RollNo.
\\
\\
\\
PAPER: Mathematical Methods of Physics-Il TIME ALLOWED: 15 Mints.
Qqrryg Code: PHY-307 Pa!! - I (Compulsorv) MAX. MARKS: 10
",
".-
uestion Sheet onlv.

Section-I (Objective) Marks-10

Fill in thr: l.rlank or ansr.r,er trr.re/false.

1. (*,)' * /c2 is a linear operaror. (Tlue/False)

2. (t -F 1)! : r(A - 1) (Tlue/FaJse)
e r ffit(t)): s@) (Tfue/Fatse)

4. UX is a solution of Laplace's equation V'X -0, then X,r: fu " also a solution. (True/False)

5. Hermite equation (y" - 2:cg'+2ag - 0) has no singularity other tharr an in egular sirrgrrlarity at r =. oo.
(Tlue/False)

6. * * #, @ +y)t!:0 is a linear partial diflerential equation. (Tlue/Faise)

oo
7. I a^P^(r), where a,,:
l@): n=0
8. r(1/2) :
9. r {f'(t)\ :
10. L {Jn(at)) :
 TINTVERSITY OF TIIE PUNJAB
aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaa
Sixth Semester - 2018 aa

!te RottNo. ..................... :

aaaaaaaa'
\<t>. o ooo to aa
aaaaa aa

PAPER: Solid State Physics-Il TIME ALLOWED: 2 Hrs. & 45 Mints.

Course Code: PHY-308 Part - II MAX. MARKS:50
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Question No,2: Answer the following short questions. (10x2=20)

i. What factors affect the resistivity of metals.

ii. What is Bloch function? What does it represent physically.

iii. Differentiate between direct and indirect band gap materials.

iv. What is the origin of energy gaps.

What type of changes appear in band srructure of semiconductor after doping with

pentavalent impurity.

VI, State wiedem an Franzlaw and also unite down expression for Lorentz number.

vlt, Plot the optical absorption curves for the direct gap and indirect gap materials.

vllt. Plot the distribution of probability density 'p' in the lattice for lV -l', llP +l2and for a

pure travelling wave.

What are significances of Hall co-efficient? i,

x.. What is cyclotron resonance and how it can be measured experimentally.

Section-III

Question No.3: Answer the following questions. (3x10=30)

Show that the effective mass of an electron in a crystal depends on the curvature of
energy band. Discuss the physical basis for the effective mass of an electron in a crystal.
Derive the energy expressions for the electron in one dimensional potential box and
discuss the important conclusions from this equation.
What are intrinsic semiconductors and drive an expression from intrinsic carrier
concentration in a semiconductor.
 T]NIVERSITY OF THE PT]NJAB
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Examination: B.S. 4 Years PrograEnoe
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PAPER: Solid State Physics-Il TIME ALLOWED: 15 Mints.
Cr.*" C"d"t PHY-30
".
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back after exoirv of time limit mentioned above.

Encircle the best answer for each question. (10)

Q.l
i. Ohm's law relates to the electric field 'E' conductivity 'd' and current density .J' as
I-E -o
ct.
^ J_o -- c. l:-
b.J-oEz d.J=oE
ii. The cyclotron frequency is
a' ac = 2ttf u- ttl^ -
eB

b. o4-sB "tn -
d. None
iii. [n an intrinsic semiconductor, the Fermi level lies almost midway in the forbidden gap.
a. True b. False
lv. Relaxation time for the electron is independent of
a. Amplitude of electron c. both
b. Velocity d. None of these
v. The wave \,€ctor 'k' is related to wavelength '7.'
a. K=Znl c. K=T
n. K:- L d. K=*
vi. I'he classical value of molar lattice specific heat is
a.-3R2 b.R c. 3R

.R
d.-2
vii. At lower temperatures, the lattice specific heat varies as

a. 1:c.T
.r.
b.=TrrT d.- 1

viii. The highest point in the conduction band is call-ed the conduction band edge.
a. True b. False
ix. 'P' and'AS' are added in silicon to make it
a. Ptype d. conductor
b, N-l'ype
c. Insulator
x. The value of effective mass is
L d2E I d2E
A- -'---= u' hz dkz
h dkz

b.
! dzE ,{- _ | dzE
r&
h dkz --
hz d.Rz
 TTNTVERSITY OF THE PT]NJAB
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Sixth Semester - 2018 aa
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Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme
3
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PAPER: Quantum Mechanics-Il TIME ALLOWED: 2 Hrs. & 45 Mints.

Course Code: PIIY-309 Part - II MA)L MARKS:50
Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

SUBJECTIVE TYPE
Q.2 G ive short aDswers 10 the following questions. (4xs=20)

i. Prove that [Fi, Pill=0, interpret your results.

ii. Dcllncs Iatcr dctenrrinanl? Write il lor N-particle s-vslell].
iii. Define 'Exchange Symnretry' and 'Exchange Degeneracy'.
iv. What is the Solid anglc? Write its physical inlerprcl.ation rr) sc.rltcrinr
rc lero'tcc.
Whal is boson-l:iirslern.corldensaf ion'/ Cive onc dxarllplu.

Q.3 WIite Detail Description of 'l ime-independent perlurbation theory up lo {irst oldcr

Correction. ( l0)

Q.4 lJxplain tlre rheor-y olscatter.ing'? lvrite a note on potential scattering. (10)

Q.s Briefiy describe (5+5)

a) Boni Approxintation

b) Check validity of WKB n:ethod.

 UNTVERSITY OF THE PT]NJAB
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Examination: B.S. 4 Years Proqramme

PAPER: Quantum Mechanics-Il TIME ALLOWED: 15 Mints.

Course Code: PEY-309 Part - I (Com MAXMARKS:10
Attempt this Paoer on this Ouestion Sheet only.
Pleaoe encircle the correct option. Each MCO carries 1 Mark This Paoer will be collected
back, gfte,E.qrn&v_o{SF.g lipit pnentioned above.

QI: Choosc (cncircle) thc hcst lossiblc rnr,u"|. lrnn., tltegivcn. llrt()=10)
I l'he operators \\,l.rich corlnect thc llilbert soace :

a) Creation opcrator
b) Annihilation operator
c) Mortretrlunt operator
d) Bolha&b
2 ldentify, which is an approxjmarion method?

a) Time dependent perlurbation theory

b) Tirre independent perturbation theory
c) Variational tecbnique
d) Allabove
3 'l hc diagonal nratrix
ofoperator S, is obrained after cliagonaliztion is

o). Ih/0 i\
tr ,r)
6i !/0 -t1
2 \l o t
tr ;(.6 -0\11
r,/1
.. -n |/ 1 0\
ot'2\-1 0/ I

4 Spin angular mornenturn is quantizcd by _ quantum nurnbers?

a)3
b)2
c)4
d)6
5 Identily ferm ion particle:

a) Photorl
b) -trnvilorl
c) pi nlc-.or'
d) Neutron

6 The particles conrposed ofnvo or more identical elemeotary particlcs aic

a) Quarks
b) Compositc Particlcs
c) Photons
d) Gravitotts
7 For anti-symmetric wave functjon the value of Permutalion operator is:

a) -l
b) +l
c) aorb
d) Zero
8 Condition lbr thc !alidily ol-WKII appt'orintation is:

a) d.i << dr
ht !9 ... 1
c) None oI above
d) Borha&b
g The total no of coliisions ovcr thc duration ot scattering experinlent is proportional to

a) No ofparticles in incident bcam

b) No oftargct particles per unit area
c) Bolha&b
d) All ofabove
l0 The.Frame' in which both colliding particles has equal and opposile velocity is called

a) Centrc of tnass Frane

b) Inerrial frame
c) [-ab Frame
d) Non-illcrlial I:ralrrc
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB aaa a a a a a a aa a a a a a a aoaaa aa
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Examination: B.s. 4 Years Programme i
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PAPER: Digitat Electronics TIME ALLOWED:2 Hrs. & 45Mints.

Course Code: PHY-310 Part- II MA)L MARKS:50
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(..1.:,f \Vf ill: rhrtl t itnrr\tvef ol'eiir:lt. Qxl0):20

l, \lr ritr:, thu ()rn5't:quivillenl of (7ll)ro"

ll. l:itn(l thili hr:,:x rtrrlt ol'(!).'l '+ qpFl','
Ill. l: ,ltlrir lr,:rra' ttrt [) l1'ptr l:',/l; crllt rvork.
I\,r. \t, lr.rt lt; ,lilIi:,r r, t.rr:,e [:,:ltl'eell .'\l;)'n; l.'. t c: n,:,Lts anrl Synclrr<ltrous cottuter?
V. Vr h,;rl lti l l)/A r: t,1l\r('rt0r'?

'Vl VJh,rl l:rtiil'litirlr:r:rrnpttterr'l

\/ll. Vrlt:rl itre lltcl t;r:rnic0ndttctor rnemories?
\/lll. \ri lr;rt lsi tlrrr rllllirrenr:e lletwetln thil lloolean algebra 8L K-map in sequential circuits?

lX. lrrlvri ( i' - ll)l r, ',r7111t 2's cr:rtnlllirnent.

l(. V'/li,,tt ,ttr,r thr:;rpplir::atir:tr:; r:l Gray;lnd Excer;s ('ode?

Q.l. []ra'rv lllt r:liagrerttr r)l'Jl( rrtaster Salvr-' Flip Flop, trxplain its function with truth table' 10

4. Slrrtlrly tltti, Br,rolean funclion attd solve with SoP and draw
the logic diagram with NAND gates'
Q

10
r(A,tl,c,t)) ,, r:. ('.t,3,4,1;ji,1,s,t2,L3]}

5,5
l.l. li \xJtitrt r;ht tt no'l:l (,r ;rny tlvo.

)
ir I ','\ l.

h| |';rrallel coUnter
{) t.)rl;iital l:.lock
 TINTVERSITY OF THE PT]NJAB
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Course Code: PHY-310 Part- I (Com ulso MA)L MARKS: 10

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Q. I lir!:[c.l hr.,r:lrrllI.Liltt!$'er-,i!ru.!-slttirylc-i! (10)

1.. llirr,v r . rrr,y fiill fl,.'frs irir.: re(lttired l() constluct a ripple counter of Mod-10?

'l lll) l:) I c) 4 d\2

,1. l-lir,,,,r r )rry 1,il'1.3,rv111,11 t:o rl,trt.rcl:lrt ll a fiync.hronous mod-24 counter?

;rl 6 hl4 ,:) .5 d) {r

ii rrr,rr.irrr,ri rr,}lrirer 2li(i lr':'r,uril.tt:rt in llCl) as:

,irl :l l,)r.r.l)l 1.:lr.l tr) DiO lll0l0.1111 c) 10 0101 0110 d) non of thenr

,rl, r!, "(.) f\ lii,:ttrr ha:; lrtl:rut rl anrl b and ilts otttput is helng written as:

,t) l\, I tr l:r| i\ ii.r A/il c I f(a+an/ d)AB+A/d

f;. lltrr r.r:rlr,r ,,llrern

"tll
:;rrccerstil,re nutnbers differ fronr their preceding nurnber by single bit is

,,r j lifirr rrrl r:rrrle. b) BCD.

r:) l: ttc.ttr:;.r' -' .|i. d) {!ray,

(t. tiulr r::l r +l lhl lolllru.lirrll rl(l lirl)wn,rs [Jniversal gatr.r?

r I l'l/rl',lt) i:li N(lft Lr) AND & t)R c) XOfi 8r OR d) None
lirii,ir. ir o[ ltr| {r,ll'rivirrli r]rerrit)ricr; st(.)r0 tilo mosI nurnber of bits?
ir) l:i.ll( (l:i ireriirrrV l.r ) 1l\4 rl! rn{ln1r)ry c) 32MxB memory d) 64x6 memory
8. (f tr, t'i:, :;1.lt ol'.arlr1lrrg1 h [:i;]rlfrr:lrrr;l nurnl)er l\6 l.o 3A is

ir) l.l:) b) l:l.r c) t:0 d) El:

9. I'hLr r,: lt r: tr s:r-l:l corle oI (lecint;rl 7'ls regtresented hy

;l) tL)0 'L h) il1()l c) 101.1 d )) r.010
1(.1. (trr' rrUll)r.rt 0l"iit l:/F lvhr:rrr 5.,.I, f{= 0 is
i:r) L b)0 c) NO change d ) High lmpedance
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB aa a aa a a a a a aaooa a a aa a a aa aa
Sixth Semester - 2018 .a

ite RouNo......................
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:
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PAPER: Computational Physics-I TIME ALLOWED:2 Hrs. & 45 Mints.

Course Code: PIIY-311 Part - II MA)L MARKS:50
Affempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.
Write short ans\\'ers of the lollorving Questions:
Explain witli exarlrple the tbllowing tt: rrns in C+ +:
a) data type (b) user-function (c) i* and *i (d) getch0
Write syntar witlr example the fbltowing in C++:
(a) lor ( ) Ioop (b) srvitch0
l. Discuss arithrrietic logical operators in C++'l

lV. Write C++ program code segment for thc lollowing:

(a) to calcLrlate and print equivalent of two capacitors connected
in series, read capacitances frotn the user
(b) to print x. y against i(x.y) ibr the eqrration

"f
(r,y) . x1 +77xy,*.y) read r and y lrom user
1o calculate and display minintttnr ol (x,y) in above

C** prograrn to evaluate the j ttt * +",G - zt,t. by

'l'rapczoidal's rr-rle or by Sirnpson's (li3) rule due to cptions lor2,

respcctively (use n=6). Report error lnessage tbr arrv other option
pressed by the user.

2 r4+4
Suppose A and ts be 3x3 rnatrices. Write C** progratn which reads
in entries of A and B and prints out the entries of matrix which is
(r) L- = llAolB .(u), = A* B' +3 and (iii) to print ofl cliagonal
44
elements ol C. (iv) nraxitlutn ol the elements of- rnatrix A (v)
square of the elernents of matrix B

'(a) Writc C' ' progranr for the simple hartnonic rnolion (S'll'M) of a
mass attacLed with a spring using Euler's method under the
loltorving conditions: (g=9 8 rn/sz' initial position zero and velocity
l5 m/s, tirne slep 0.1 sec. and tnaxitnutn tirre l5 sec', k = I N/m,
nr=lkg,i. Calculate and print values lbr tinre. position arrd i'e locity'
Givc ionrrrent that how votr can chance the same progranl lor
forced H.N4.

,(b) Write a lunction circle () which reads in radius values and

area and circumference values of the circle. Execule the
iteratively for 5 values.
**L 1

i
 UNIYERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
Sixth Semester - 2018 . RollNo.

\
PAPER: Computational Physics-I TIME ALLOWED: 15 Mints.
Course Code: PHY-311 Part - I (Com ulso MAX. MARKS:10

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Please encircle the correct option. Each MCO carries 1 Mark This Paner will be collected
back after expirv of time Iimit mentioned above.

Ql: Each question has I-OUR possible ansrvers. Select the col.rect answer. ancl encircle it.
lx I0 - l0
i. C++ program statemenr that is not included in code compilation:
a) "wclcorne" (b) cout<<"welcorne"; (c) /* (d) void

ii. ln C++ what is not a repetition strucrure:

a) if-else-if (b) while (c) for (d) do-while

iii. c++ Ianguage, IJEADER TypE that provides user read lrom keyboard is called:
(a) iostream.h (b) conio.h (c) rnath.h (d) both (a) & (b)
iv. Which of the following is not a conrparison operation in C-+?
(a) X>Y (b) X<=\, (c) X::y (d) X=y
v. The number ol'bytes reserved lor long int data type in C++ is:
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) t2 (d) 16
vi. nrain0 is a :
(a) Operator (b) user defined lunction (c) built in lunction (d) None
vii. In C+-t', the plocess ol sending an argurnent to a tirnction is called:
(a) send ing (b) ernail (c) delivering (d) passing
viii. If x =2 and y= 3. then fbr statement ., Y = x,' which oIthe lollowing rcsulr is rrue
(a) x equals y (b) x is less than y (c) true (d) t'alse
ix. tla = 3. ln C++ the expression a: 3+k-3 is evaluated to:
(a) 6 (b) e (c) -6 (d) I
x. F-unction declaration oonsists of:
(a) function name (b) retum rype (c) pararnerer (d) All
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB... Roll No.
Seventh Semester 2018

PAPER: Statistical Mechanics TIME ALLOWED: 30 mins)..

Course Code: PIIY401 MA)t MARKS: l0 "..
Attempl this Paper on this Qaestion Sheet only.

NOTE: Try to befocused and give only precise onswerc' of the asked questions.
Section-I
Q.No.l

Four possible answers A, B, C, and D to each question are given. Encircle the correct answer. Cutting
and overwriting is not allowed. l0

I . Which of the following space is used in statistical mechanics?

(a) configuration space (b) phase space (c) Camma space (d) both b and c

2. Which is not conserved in NV'l ensemble?

(a) energy (b) tenrperature (c) number of particles (d) None of these

3. The spin o[He-4 is

(a) 2 (b) 0 (c) 1t2 (d) I

4. An ensen.rble in which system can exchange both energy and particles ivith a resen,oir is known as
(a) Micro Canonical (b) Grand canonical (c) Canonical (d) both b and c

5. Free electrons in metals obey

; (a) Bose-Einstein statistics
(b) Fermi-Dirac statistics
(c) Gibbs statistics
(d) Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics

6. Photons are described by

(a) Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics
(b) Bose-Einstein statistics
(c) Fermi-Dirac statistics
(d) Allof,these

7. Which can be determined from canonical Partition function?

(a) Free energy (b) Average energy (c) entropy (d) All ofthese

8. For indistinguishable particles

(a) wave functions overlap (b) no wave functions (c) Pauli exclusion always hold (d) both a and c

9. No two electrons can exist in same quantum state. This is known as

(a) Heisenberg Principle (b) Pauli exclusion Principle (c) Bohr principle (d) None of these

10. The entropy of a system in a single pure quantum state is zero. This is known as
(a) first law of thermodynamics (b) third law of thermodynamics (c) second law of thermodynamios
,-L
I

(d) zeroth law of thermodynamics

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PAPER: Statistical Mechanics TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PIIY-401 MAX. MARKS:50
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NOTE: TtTt t6 6" to"rted and give only precise unswers, of the asked queslions.
Section-II

Q.No.2
Answer the following short questions. Each question carries equal marks (20)
(i) What are limitations of Debye's model?
(ii) Define (a) NVT ensemble (b) chemical potential
(iii) What is meant by degenelate Fermi gas? Which statistics is involved in it?
(iv) Define Gibbs free energy and enthalpy.
(v) What are draw backs of E instein rnodel?

Q.No.3
(a) Discuss concentration fluctuatiorr fol grand canonical ensemble. (6)
(b) What is Gibbs paradox? I{ow can we resolve it? (4)

Q.No.4
(a) Define Photon gas. Derive Bose-Einstein distribution function. (6)
(b) What is Bose-Einstein condensate? Under what conditions it is formed? Give examples of this statc
of matter. (4)

Q.No.5
(a) Define density operator. ls it linear? What is its significance? (4)
(b) Write down ploperties of dcnsity matrix. Also define rnixed state and ptrre state. (6)
 UNWERSITY OF TIIE PUNJAB.... RollNo.
Seventh Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Proeramme

PAPER: Classical Electrodynamics-I TIME ALLOWED: 30 minsl'..

' Course Code: PHY-402 MAX. MARKS: 10

Attempt this Paper on this Queslion Sheet only.

NOTE: Attemrrt all questions.

OI}JECTIVE
Ql- Choice the correct answer.

l. 'l'he rurit
of resistivity in SI systeur of units is

b. ohm-meter b. amp-nreter c. volt/arnp d. volt-meter

2. The force on moving charge is Lorentz force if
b. electric fieid is presenr only b. magnetic field is present
c, gravitatioual lbrce is plcscul d. botli a and b
C'onventional cLlrrent is florv of
h. positive charge b. negative charge c, neutrons d. botha&b
4. Biot-Savart law in rnagnetisrn is analogous to which law in electricity?
a. Gauss's law b. Faraclay,s law c, Coulomb,s iarv d. Ampere's law
5. Which of the following cannot be computed using Biot-Savart law?
a. magnetic field intensity b. magnetic flux density c. electric fieid intensity
d. permeability
6. In Maxwell's equation V x H ,-.J+)D/dt, Dis
a. electric displacement b. magnetic flux density c. surface crurent densitv
d. none ofthese
7. In SI utits, the curLent densiLyr/ is
a. A/m b. Aln2 c. ntlA cl. A/m3
8. l'he continuity equation is based on the principle of
a. conservation ofcharge b. conservation ol urourenluur
c. conservation of angular. nlorrentuftl d, none of these

9. Tlre magnetic montent is given hy rn

c. magnetic vector poter.rtial
- 1^4, wlrere .4 is
a b. an area (vector) c. a scalar potential
d. a surface density

10. In metals, cun'ellt is carried entirely by

c. ions b. electrons c, neutrons d, none of tl-rese
 TTNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
ataaaa aaa a aaa aa a a a aa""la
aa
2018
Seventh Semester -r-"^o-gra.-* : ^ .. -, :
nraroioatioo, n.s. + y"-ar, i *:T.oJ:'.';:'.':;;'.':'i:'i:';'..:

PAPER: Classical Electrodynamics-I TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PI[Y-402 MAX. MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet ptovided.

SIJRJI|CTIVE TYPE

NOTE: Attempt all questions.

Q.2. Give short answers to the following: (20 marks)

2
(i) Write Laplace equation in cylindrical coordinates'
J
(ii) What is tnagnetic tlotneut?
(iii) Discuss briefly the I lystcrcsis loop in el ittr:onragrtctic tltatcrizrl' 5

(iv) What is lliot-Savalt Lar'r'? -)

4
(v) Discuss brieflY Lorentz gauge.
3
(vi) What is PoYnting vector'?
t.

rvave ec}ration for.6 in a lit]ear alld

Q.3. What is a plane wave solutiol? Fincl thc 3,1
charge free tnediurn.

11. I)iscttss h-orv the ficld vectors

Q.4. Describe briefly the rnagnetic f-reld inte[sity 3.,1
ll and I"I chan-ee in passing an interface between two media'

Wl.rat are clcctrostal.ic irilage s'/ 13y using rl-rc methocl of

clectrostatic itnages'
Q.5. sphe.e.
ii^d potential due ro u pirint ctraige q in the vicinity of a co'du<.:ting
3,1
 T,NTVERSITY OF TIIE PT]NJAB RoII No.
Seventh Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme

PAPER: Nuclear Physics-I TIME ALLOWED: 30 mini.'..

Course Code: PHY-403 MA)L MARKS: 10

Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only-

(Objective Type)
Attempt this paper on this sheet only.
Q. 1:-Encircle the correct answer out of the four options given. No mark will be awarded for cutting,
overwriting and for use of lead pencil or ink remover. (1 x 10 = 10)
(i)- The ionization energy of an atom as compared to binding energy of its nucleus is:
(a) greater (b) same
(c) less (d) none of above
(ii)- Beta decay is also called transformation.
(a) isobaric (b) isotopic
(c) isotonic (d) none of above
(iii)- lf electric dipole field has odd parity then magnetic dipole field will have --- parity.
(a) even (b) odd
(c)mixed (d) zero
(iv)- According to shell model , even-even nuclei have spin
(a) zero (b) one
(c) half (d) all of these
(v)- ln scintillation counter, electrons are accelerated by:
(a) electric field (b) magnetic field
(c) oscillating field (d) both a and b
(vi)- Number of protons in a nucleus is called its
(a) mass number (b) atomic number
(c) quantum number (d) none of above
(vii)- For spherically symmetnc charge distribution, electric quadrupole moment is:
(a) positive (b) negative
(c) zero (d) not predicted yet
(viii)- Nuclear forces are:
(a) charge independent (b) spin dependenl
(c) short range (d) all of above
(ix)- Each nucleon moves independently inside the nucleus in a flxed orbit. This is assumption of:
(a) liquid drop model (b)shellmodel
(c) collective model (d) all of above
(x)- ln cyclotron, the frequency of rotation of charged particle decreases as the velocity:
(a) increases (b) decreases
(c) remains constant (d) none of above
 T]NIVERSITY OF THE PTJNJAB o
'''''''''''''''''''''
sgventh semestgr 2018 "
l'
Examination : B.S. 4 Years Prosramme i .*T.ol::';:'j:'i:'.' :'j :'.':':'. ;
PAPER: Nuclear Physics-I TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Counse Code: PIIY-403 MA)L MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided

(Subjective Type)
Attempt this paper on separate sheet provided.
z\ ,i r.. .. .
\J. z: Write short answers of following questions. (10 x 2 20)
=
(i)-Can we accelerate a neutron by cyclokon?
(ii)-Explain in few lines the concept that the working
of a betatron is like thatof a transformer.
(iii)-Give two properties of nucrear radiarion used in detection
instruments.
(iv)-Give differences between ionization chamber
and proportionar counter.
(v)-Give at least two reasons for acceptance of proton-neutron
hypothesis for the constituilon of nucleus,
(vi)-why neutron number tends to exceed proton number
in stable nuclei?
(vii)-The nucleons constantly emit and absorb pions.
why the neutrons and protons are never found w1h otrer
than their usual masses?
(viii)-state similarities between nucleus and liquid drop model.
(at least four).
(ix)-what is meantby range of arpha particres? on what factors
it depend upop?
(x)-The law of conservation of energy and momentum
are not obeyed in beta decay. How neutrino hypothesis
explain this discrepancy?

Q' 3: (a)'What is principle of van de Graaff accelerator? Exptain its construction and working. 01+ 05 + 01
,{$o give its uses.
(b)-Whatis meant by magnetic dipole moment? By giving an example
show thatmagnetic moments are not
additive. 01 + 92
Q' 4: (a)-How limitations of nuclear shell model were rectifred by coilective
nuclear model. Also give achievemonls
of collective nuclearmodel. 06
(b)- How charge particles passes through matter? Explain. 04
Q. 5: (a)-Exptain theory of gamma decay in detair by expraining murti-porarity of gamma rays. ol
(b)- State basic properties of nuclear forces. 03
 ....
UMYERSITY OF THE PUNJAB RoIlNo.
Seventh Semester 2018

PAPER: Relativity and Cosmolory TIME ALLOWED: 30 mins."..

Course Code: PIIY-404 MAX. MARKS: 10

Attempt thk Paper on this Question Sheet only.

Notc: AttemPt :rll queslions'

Ql. Choose the correct oPtion'

i. Special theory of relativiry treats problems involving

(a) inertial frante ol reference (b) non-inertial fiatne of reference

(c) non-acceleratecl fratre oJ'relerellce (d) accelerated franle ofrefet'etrce

velociry v = 2'5 x 10sm/s, the, alter 5 years
ii. Two twins A a.d B;A is at rest a^cl B is moving with
(a) Age ol B will be more than A (b) Age of A will be more than B
(c) Age olA&B are sanle (d) None of the above
iii. Lorentz tratisforttatiott equations hold for

(a) Non-relativistic velocities onl)' (b) Relativistic velocities onlv

(cl) l)hotons orrll'
(c) All velociLics: rclativistic & ntrn-r'clatit'istic

Symmetric part of electromagnetic field teusor Fu,

ts
iv.
;r;* (b,#.* @* (d) 0

v. Gravitational red shift correspouds to

field
(a) Longel wavelength (b) Smalter frequettcy (c) Observer in weal<er gravitational
(d) Alt of the above

Theor.y which states that black hole is fornled when

sufficient compact mass call deform space time is
vi.
known as
(a) genelal theorY of relarivitY (b) theory of electrornargnetic fields
(c) theoly of gLavitational fields (d) theory of particle larliatiort

vii. What is the lower lirnit for-thc tnass of a black hole?

(a)l0solarnrasses(b)2solarnrasses(c)3solarrnasses(d)30solar.masses
v iii. Sirrrultaneity is
(a) dilated (b) absolute (c) invariant (d) relative

ix. Which one llas zero divergetlce (c) Four vector Potential
(a) Fotrr ctrrrent deusitY (b) Electlomagnetic field terrsor
(d) Alt of these (e) None of these

x.Whicl.rofthefbllowingisclosesttoEir.rstein'slirstpostulate:
(a) Light always travel at 3 x 108 m/s'
(b)thereisnowaytotellhowfastyouaregoirrgunlessyottcanseewhatisaroundyou.
i.- (o) velocities can otrly be measured relative to something else'
(d) absolute velocity is that measured with respect to the Sun'
 TINTVERSITY OF THE PI]NJAB
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aa
Seventh Semester 201E aa

Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme

!laoooooo
notlNo...................... :
aa aaaa
a aaaaa aaaaa'

- PAPER: Relativity and Cosmolory TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PHY-404 MAX. MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Note: Attempt all questions.

Q2. Write ttown short answers to the lbllowing questious. 2xl0=20

I. Show that c2 = VPVq.

IL How fast can you drive towards a red traffic light for the light to appear green? The approximate
wavelengths ol'recl and green light signals are givett as:
lrea = 7 x Lo-scm Lgreenx5x10-scm
IIt. Explain the lelativity iLr sirnultane ity with the help of space-tinre diagram.
. lv. Consider a two-dirnensional line element ds2 = dxz * dy2, rvrite down the gab and 9o6.
v. Explain the telnrs (a) Vacuurn densitl (b) Critical density.
vI. Pr-ove that E2 - mcz in relativistic tnechanics.

vu. Let the evenrs E1 ar^rd E2 are observed to occur at space-tirlc coordiuate s (x, t) of (2,31), @,51r)
rc.sltcctir,cly, irr sorrrc [r'antc S. Clrrrck tlre causal conttcctions betw'eett the trvo eYetrts.
VIII. What is ljubble tirne? Write Hubble's model about [-rniverse.
IX. Define fi'ame of reference, what are ir-rertial and non-inertial fiatt-res of rel'elence 'j
x. What is Cosrnic Microwave Background (CMB)?

\
Q3. Give detail answers of the following questions.

I. Derive a1d cliscuss the Einsteir-r Field ltquations. Also recluce tltese cquations for the vacuurn. t8]

II. If u6 and E9, are lespectively frequency and energy ofphoton iu source ti arne and v and E ale frequcncY
and energy of photon in the frarne of observer then for any pair of inertial observers, show that l7l

!s.
ugv
*!
lII. What is geodesic? Derive the equation of geodesic on r.nanifold. t8l

tV. Slrow that Ibr cur-valrrre tensor R

1,1,,.;, ='*Rr.ur,, = -ll,^,,r, = llr..,r, ltl

i.
 T]NIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
Seventh Semester 2018

PAPER: Particle Physics-I TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PHY-407 MAX. MARKS: 50

Attempt this Poper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Section - II (Subjective Type)

Note: Attempt all questions.

Question 2: (2 x i0 =. 20)
\i/rrtr: short answors of thc lbllowing cprestions.

(i) Wtrat are furrrlanretrt,al particles'l Ht>w r-lr.r thcy irrter.act,l

(ii) What arr: Irl,rLorr a.nd baryorr cclnscrvatrion laws l
(iii) WIIat ts tht-. rt'iai;i.ttsltip lrtd,wr:cn the hl,percharge, the si,ra rrgr,:nr,1r.,s
tr.1rl thp Iiar-v.u
nurnber o[ a part,rcre? wliat is thc value of tire rrl.perchargr: {br
tr s1:r11gr: quark/
(iv) Draw the Feynrnan rliagrirrn shorving the rnecha.lusrn of
A decay.

(v) Defirrc pality crperatiort. \\rhat arr: tlre,lil'{:rr)valuus of the c,,n.r:rp,}1.li1g ()p..r.,1or'1

(vi) Assigrr tire isospin rprarrturrr nultl,urs to tlrc rrrrc]ciruic rlorrirlct

arll piorut: triplct.
(vii) Dlaw the mesor.r oc,,et.

(viii) Wtite dowu thc Iour X,Ia.xwell ecluatrclrs.

(ix) Name a forcc which acts bctrveen an up cluir.r li (u) and arr cl(-1ctr()n (t:-). Explairr.
n,ith telirr,:rrr:e 1,o atr r:.yglii1111,,c ptrrticle, lrorv [.hts Irirr)c.1.rer:rtr:s.)

(x) L'r,rv,: th.rt If ?l - rz], wliere o's.rre the paull-spin uiatrictrs.

Question 3: (10)
lVlaxwell etluations carr lre writtel in the fbllc-rwirrg 4-vr:ctor fonn usirrg Lorerttz gauge

l)') /lt) -. jt'

u,lr,:re il2 is ,l .A lr,rrrrl, r a1.tr,rr opeL;rtnr tttrl )t' = (p, j) arrrl At' - (e,A). \{o,li1y this relalir.irr
f,.,t- fi'ee sparre and slrou' that iu frr:e spirce E. B and propagatir-rtr vector k are tnutually
orl,hogoual.

Question 4: (10)
Wlral is lhrLr'1',,: r;1;11.j11q;it.rtrn olrr:rat:orr anri rvLat ir.rr: i,lrr,: rtigr:tr valrtcs r-,f thrl (:orrosJ)oll(liu.o.
uprrratoL l SItr.xv tlrtrt :r. 1lr'o r-a Lrr il)roton svstc rtt iIr a statt: of dc{inite orbital trtrgulnr'
r r

Irrot]lr-,n1,u ln. l, atLrl s].ltn, .s, is atr,:igcrr sLaLt: ol llte chatgr: tunjr-tgzttion opcI.tlor s'itlt eigcrr

value (- l)r r''.

Question 5: (r0)
Slrr,rv th;rt Ilre translrl.iluLirl svritrnol tv itr ()rtatttrtttt \,lecllani(:s irrrplies tltt: letr, ()[ cr,]IS('r-
vation of iit t ttilr trrr)ttrr':tttttttt
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB".. .... t RoIl No.................,
Seventh Semester 201E
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme
\
PAPER: Particle Physics-I TIME ALLOWED: 30 mini.'.
Course Code: PIIY-407 MAX. MARKS: 10

Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.

Section - I (Objective Type)
Note: Attempt all questions. Cutting or over-writing is not allowed.

Question 1: (f x tO -. 161
Each question has four possible answers. Select the corrcct answer and encir-
cle it.

(i) 'Ln,.l adioint r-rf a unil,zrry c,pgrdtor U. is

(u) U (b) 1

(") U-t (,1) 0

(ri) The beta particlc rlt:cav is the br:st knor,vn nxaurple of
(u) Strong interaction (1,) \Aleak intelactiorr
(") Electromagncticinteracti<.rn (d) Gravitationalinteraction
(rii) Using Lorcntz gauge, the lvla.xrvell cquarrorls catr be writteu ur the following 4-\,ector
form
(u) AAP : iP (b) 3,4P : pp
(.) DAP:O (d) ZAP: -jt'
(iv) If a systcnr is ilvariant, uuder rotatiorr in space. the corresporrdiug corrserve,i quan-
\ trty is
(a) Linear momentum (b) Angular momenturr
(c) Enr:rgy (d) Chalgc
(v) Ilar.lrons can cxist if
(n) total elcctric charqc is zcro (b) tota.l isosprn is zcrrr
(.) tol.aI rolol clrargo rs ;;err-, (..1) cc,lor sl.rirr rs zcr{r
(vi) r\n important drlference Leiu.eeu gluon anil photon is
(u) gluon is massless (1,) gluon has zero electric charge
(.) gluon has spin zcro (d) gluon has color charge

(vii) lsospin itirte for I is

(o) li 1> (b) 11. -i >
(,,) 11, U > (,i ) i0.0 >
(r.iii) TIrc 1ol, (lu;.r Ii (r.) ",,t,,cr n chalge o{
(n) +21:l (1,) + 1i3
(.) -1/:) (d) -213
(ix) Thc turtrlarntrnral /i--rieca1, process is
(u) p-+n*c'ti" (1,,) p-+n+et lu.
(.) p -+ rt. + ?.- )- u,. (.1) p -+ n + e- + 11,.

(x) \\'hrch of the follt-'rving forces havrr infinite rarrge'l

(rr) Electlcmaguelic atrrl GravitatiorLal forces

(1.:) Elect rornzrgnetrc and \A,eak forces

(, ) St.{rt1g .rr'l(l G ra.r'il,rt jrrlrirl f,-'rr:es

(,'l) \tr'r,ik lrrr.l CIL'avitatlrn.il iotc:rs

 T]NTYERSITY OF' TIIE PT]NJAB
'.,RollNo.
Seventh Semester 2018
\\
\\
PAPER: Particle Physics-fl TIME ALLOWED: 30 mins.'.
Course Code: PIIY-40E MA)L MARKS: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.
Obicctivtr 'l'1'pc
Scctittn (
Notc: A(tcnlpt alI qucstiorts. Cutting and ramoving is not allowed

(Jl- (lhoosc lhc corlcc( option.

l1 Klcin-Gol'rton cquulion dcscribes thc lrarticte which is moving rclativisticalll' r,r'ith spin

iur l',,
p) Zclo
(e) I

({) none ol' thcsc

2) licrrni ()oldcn rulc is dcscribcd by thc rclation

6) W,,'-2nlV,,lp(!l)
(b) w,,' 2zrlV,,l'p(li,)
(C) W,r'2-nlV,,lp(Ii,)
(4) nonc of thcsc

3) Scalar protluct of trvo lbtrr vector is dc{ined as

(4) A.B A'B'-A.ll

(b) A.B .A'll"r.,\.8
(6) 4..!],.A.8 -A"ll"
(d) rronc ol- th c:se

|) frrcc particlc rnusl satisl'y thc

(C) lt c1a1iv istic uonrcnlLurr

(b) Ilolativ istrc cncr gy
(c) llotlr olthcsc
(d) Nonc o l' lhcsc

$ iy" y'y'^{':
(dv (d) 6.,'",,,,,.
(b) I (e) v'
(P.r.o.)
$ In l)ilac ctlrraliorr all llphas arc

(.1) Idcn ti ty
(b)'l'raoclcss
l( ) Ntrrr llilcclcss
({) ln vc lsc u{'otlrct

'f) 't t,c rrolnraliz:r(iorr [il' {lrc firrrr syrinors. r,r't.,.r:

(b) 2r;
(c) Ncgativc cncrgy solLltions
(d) ri
(.')l

$) lf orrc it(tornl){s lo incltrclc (hc rclalivistic rcsl cncrgv inlo thc Schr<rdinger cquation, thc
rcsrrl( is cithrl l(lcin-Gordon or

(Q) L,rnccrtaint1, principl c

(b) Wavc firn ct io n
(C) Dclla lirrction
(d) Dirac ccltratron

gJ ltrc cigcn valucs ot'tlcticit"v is

(<r) i. r1i2
(b) L'-ri2
(c) r. ,l
(d) I rl

lo){r', r ) ..
(a) o
b) -l
(c) I,
(d) d''"''''
 UNIVERSITY OF' THE PTTNJAB
Seventh Semester 2018
-p-r-o-eramme
: :
uxamination: g.s. I ye.lrs i.\|'!.oJ:..;:';:'.':'.':'j:;:'j'.;
PAPER: Particle Physics-Il TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mius.
Course Code: PHY-408 MAX. MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Sub.icc(ivc'l'ypc
Scction I
Q No.3

rir J :l (,\\. llrirL (o.lt): l'i (s)

(tll /\ss.rr'r)ing varii-rLrs PIolle|tics ()l Ui.llllr)lil lrluLrrccs, proVc Lira( lo"'. y l 2l1y'9"- y g ) (i)
(c) Provc tl.rat cr lrtrl fl arc hclrnition tracclcss matriccs of cvcn tl iurcus ionality lvith cigcrr
valucs ' 1.- 1 / (s)
(t1) Shorv lhrt Drrac cquaticiu describes thc intrinsic spin l/2 particle. (5)
(,: SI .rrr tlrrtQL (s)
(j') l)clilc (lhrrality urrd llcliciry ()pcratots. Ilcfirrc L, trnd Li, and shorv that thcsc arc cigcn
li r rt:tions oIclrirlrIi{_y o])clalor? (5)

Scction Il
fJ No. 4

Startipl h.onr Klcin-Golclon cqtration, obtain correspondirg cquation of contitltrity. Wlry was
I(icin-Gordon cqru:Ltion l c icctcd'l (10)

Q\0.5
tixplairr wh;,rclativistic wavc equation lor elcctlon nrust bo lincar iu space ar.rd timc variable.
l)cnvc f)ilac cquatioLt iu covaliaLrt [brur'] ( l0)

I
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB... '.. Roll No.
Seventh Semester 2018 '.. \
Examination: B.S.4 Years Programme '..
-'a

PAPER: Advanced Electronics-I (Theory) TIME ALLOWED: 30 mins)'..

Course Code: PHY-411 MAX. MARKS: 10

Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.

Q.l Multiple Choice, Attcmpt all questions on thc sanre sheet. 10

l. hi a toggle mode a JK flip flop has

(a)J:0, K=0 (b) J:1, K=l (c) J=1, K:0 (d) J:0, K:l
2. How many Fiip- Flop are required to build a binary counter circuit to count from 0 to 1023?

(a) 6 (b) l0 (c) 2a (d) 12

3. In Flip Flops clock is prescnt but in Latch clock is

(a) Present always (b) absent always (c) may be present / absent (d) none

4. Counter is a :

(a) Conibinational circuit (b) Sequential circuit (c) both (d) None

5.i'hc fast iogic farnily is

(a) ECL (b) DRL (c) TTL (d) TRL

6. A 3 input NOR gate has eight inputs possibilities, how many of those possibilities will result a
high output?

(a) I (b) 2 (c) 7 (d) 8

7. How many outputs are on a BCD decoder?

(a) a (b) 16 (c) 8 (d) 10

8. 'fhe storage element for a static RAM is:

(a) Diode (b) rcsistor (c) Capacitor (d) Flip l'lop

9. An OP-Amp has very

(a) high voltage gain b) high input impedance c) Low output impedance d) all of them

10. Common Mode Gain of OP Amp is

a) Very high b) Very Low c) Always Unity d) Unpredictable

 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
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Seventh Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Programme i .l:T.rJg: :.:.;: ;: ;:...:...:.j.. j
PAPER: Advanced Electronics-I (Theory) TIME ALLOWED:2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code: PHY-411 MA)L MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

Q.2 Short Answer, Attempt only fivc parts. 20

I . \Vhat is multiplexer, and de_multiplexer?
2. What are Registers, and its types?
3. Define Decoder, explain how it r.vorks?
4. Mrat is RAM, r:r,hat are its types?
5. List the major difference between pLA and pAL.
6. What is the operarion of J, K Flip_Flop?
7. What is rhe edge triggered flip-flop?
8. Wrat is a CPU?
Attempt thrcc qucstions. 30

Q'3 (a) Describe the construcrion and working of Differential Amplifier? (e,+)
(b) why NAND and NoR gares are called universal gate,
design AND, oR, Nor with
these gates.

Q 4 (a) Design a synchronous Counter with JK Flip- Flop which count only (:)
001 ,01 1,101 ,1 10,1 I I
\-- (b) Wrat is Gray Code, design a circuit for Binary
to Gray with exclusive oR for l l0l l. ( 5)
Q.5 . (a) Explain the programmable logic devices pLD,s.
( u,o)
(b) Determine the output for
5-llit R-2R ladder netu,ork r.vhen the digiral input is 10101
0V conesponds to logic 0 and 5V corresponds to logic
if
1.

Q6 . (a) Design a logic circuit of Multiplexer of 4 into 1 (4x 1).

(0,+ )
(b) A 2 MFIz clock signal is applicd to a five
stage binary ripple counter. what is rhe
frequency at the output of the fifth flip_flop.

Q 7. (a) Given the expression X = A.B.C + A.B.C + B.C r-A.C using only
NAND gates
draw the logic diagram. ( 5
)
(b) What is ALU, horv it work.
(')
 T,NTVERSITY OF TIIE PUNJAB
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aa
Seventh Semester 2018 aa

Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme i .*lt.{:: ;:'.': ;; ;; .;:'.':'j'. .a

PAPER: Solid State Physics-I TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.
Course Code: PHY-419 MAX. MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Separate Answer Sheet provided.

NOTE: Try lo be.focused und give only precise answers, of the asked questions.
Section-II
Write short iurswers to the followirrg questions: (2x10-20)
l. What is Bloch wave? Write its expression.
ll. What are the failures in FEC?
III. What are the problems in I'Iartee-Fock equation?
IV. How vou explain efl'ective mass? What is effect versus energy lcvel?
V. Write the symmetry operations that each energy band E,, (k) satisfies.
VI. Write the an exprcssion for a function which oscillates rapidly inside the atomic core, but runs
smoothly as plane wave in the remaining open space of WS (Wigner ceitz) cell.
VII. What is relation of Fermi-Dirac Dlstribution function f(E), at temperature other than 0 K?
Also draw a diagram of f(E) versus E at '1.--0 and l' > 0 K.
VIll. What does fermi energy in semiconductors indicate? Whcre is it commonly located in a
scnriconductor? Are electrons to be iound at lbnrri level? Ilnot, why?
IX. Is fermi energy exactly in the center of the band gap for an intrinsic semiconductors? If not,
why does is deviate?
X. What are the two aspects due to rvhich FEG (free elcctron gas model) differs lronr ordinarl,
gas /

Long Questions

Question no 3 (10)

What do you know about C)rthononalized Plane Wave (OPW) and Augmented Plane Wave (APW)?
Dcrive the expression for the solution of SWE in case of OPW methodology irr detail? Also
sketch the collective behavior of the electrons in each case?

Question no 4 ( l0)
Define Bo-Approximation? FIow the assumptions in this approximation lead us to the concept ol
a new form of Flamiltonian for -fl-SWE? How we can define a Quasi-particle and expansion parameter
in l}O-Approxirnation? In thc casc of BO-Approxirnation when we use thc normalization property of
the Eigen function, our result leads us to the short form result of SWE. Derivc it and define each term of
the t.inal expression?

Question no 5 ( 10)
Discuss plane- wave solution of l{artee-Fock equation?
 TINWERSITY OF THE PUNJAB"..
Roll No.
Seventh Semester 2018
Examination: B.S. 4 Years Prosramme

PAPER: Solid State Physics-I TIME ALLOWED:30 mrns.\

Course Code: PHY-419 MAX. MARKS: 10
Attempt this Paper on this Question Sheet only.
NOTE: Try to he focused and give only precise ansb,ers, of the asked questions.
Section-I

Q. l Four possibte answers a, b, c, and D to each question are given. Encircle the correct
answer. Cufting and overwriting is not allowed.
10

I. The particles associare wirh collecting osci arion ol rattice is called

(a) photons
(b) phonon
(c) tight solids
(d) magnons
U. The basic tbr the eleotron-phonon interaction is
(a) adiabatic approximation
(b) Born Oppenheimer approximation
(c) Only electrons close to Fermi surlace participate in oonduction
(d) Both adiabatic and Born Oppenheimer
IIl. 'I he electron-electron
interaction is neglected in ________--_______ approximarion.
(a) one electron
(b) free electron
(c) bound electron
(d) group electron
IV. Momentum of free particle (etectron) is
(a)hk
(b)hk
(c) 1i2hk
(d) l/2hk
V. The top most filled levels at 0k (kelvin) is called ---------------- level
(a) continuous
(b) conduction
(c) valence
(d,1 lermi
VL The density of slates olthe Fermi-level is appr.oxirnalely cqual to
(a) 2/5NiEp
(b) NEF
(c) 5/2NEg
(d)N/E!
VIL 'l'he fermi-energy of free electron
is
(a) 0.35Mev
(b) 0.35kev
(c) 0.35ev
(d) 0.35mev
VIII. Application of free-electron gas (F.E.G) is/are
(a)electrical corrductiv ir-v
(b) thennal conduclivity
(c) Ohm law derivation
(d) all
IX. 1'he group velocity o1'electron becomes velocity of free electron when periodic potential is
identically equal to
(a) rnaximum
(b) minirnurn
(c) zero
(d) medium level
X. The condition of wave-function for the Bloch is over the periodicity of the lattice.
(a) periodic (b) continuous (c) random (d) partially periodic and partially
random
 T]NIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB

PAPER: Solid State Physics-fl TIME ALLOWED: 2 hrs. & 30 mins.

Course Code: PHY-421 MAX. MARKS: 50

Attempt this Paper on Separote Answer Sheet provided

SUB'DCT:TVD TYPD
Q-2 Write short anslvcrs to thc lbllowing questions: (2x10=20)

I. why the electro, pairs in the superconductors are calred as bosons,i

II. Discuss the exciton condensations into electron-hole-drops (EIID).
III. What are 1he steps used to prepare Al/AlzOr/Sn sandwiclr?
IV' Elaborate leakage probability and activation barrier factor for a superconductor.
v. Describe various ways to nleasure the binding energy of excitons.
VI. Differentiate reflectivity coefficient and reflectance.
VII. Define total polarizability. Plot the frequency dependence of its several contributions.
VIII. Differentiate [iullerenes and l-Iall nunrbcr?
lX. What do you mean by the thermodyuamics of the superconducting phase rransitiop'?
X. What are tlie i'erroelectric domains?

Long Ouestions:

Q-3 Discuss Landau theory and elaborate the (i) lrtorcier and (ii) 2''d orcier phase transition. (10)

Q-'l Considel au electt'ouagnetic wavc in thr: vacuuur with lleld conlponcnts of the lonl
Ey = Br(inc) = 6"i(kx-at)
Let the wave be incident upon a medium of clielectric constant e and permeability pr =1, that fills
the half-space x >0. Show that the leflcctivity coefficicnt r(ro) as defined by E(refl) : r(al)E(inc)
is given by
r(to) = 1J{1
where n+ik = erl. ,with n anct rr*1 siii,JiLrther that the'eflectance is
1l-' x'
l'
It(<rt = (trtl1J '
t R2
(10)

Q-5 Discuss flnx quantization in a superconducting ring. (10)

 I]NTYERSITY
tJ l\ .L}I\}JI I I OF L LLI) PIIN[JAB.".
\rI THE r t''a \Q,ru' -...-
^A-
2018 '"..ROll NO.
tggl Seventh Semester \'i\\\\\\-
Examination: B's' 4 Years Prosramme
W \
PAPER: Sotid State Physics-Il TIME ALLOWED: 30 min3.'..
Course Code: PHY-421 MAX. MARKS: 10
".
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OB'ECITUD TYPD

Q-l por-u-possible answers A, B, C, and D 1o each question are given. Encircle thc correct answer.
Cutting and overwriting is not allowed. (1x10=10)

I. One of the most well-known crystalline ceramics is Quartz, what ls its chemical formula?
(A) NaCI (B) SiOz (c) H2so4 (D) CzH+

II. What types of materials r'rsually exhibit piezoelectric efl'ect?

(A) metals (B) polyniers (C) ceramics (D) composites

IIl. In the molecular crystals, excitons exist'

(A) MottWannier (B) Frenkel (C) tightly bound (D) both b and c

iV. The basic mechanistn responsible for the optical properties in a dielectric is
(A) Orientatiol polarization (l)) Ionic polarizatior.r (C) Electronic polarization (D) Nonc
V. E,xcitolic absorption ooorrrs ---------- ti.re absorption edge of the semicondttctors.
(A) well below (B) very close to (C) exactly at (D) above

VI. In Lonclon Equation, the drift velocity is curent density per unit
(A) Iength (B) area (C) r,olume (D) mass
\- vll. Inter-band absorption of a photon will occur at all the points within-
for which
energy conservation is satisfied.
(A) upper band (B) intra-band (C) B'Z (D) all are true

VIII. In-direct transition cannot occur without involvement of

(A) electron (13) photon (C) prototi (D) phonon
-----------
IX. According to the Nernst theorem, entropy of the body at absolute zero is
-
(A) high (B) verv high (C) low (D) zero

Raman elfect is n.rade possible by the strain-dependence of the ---------

polarizability'
X.
iij .i".i.",ri. in; ionic (c) dipolar (D) orientational