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Experiment 7 - Flow Over A V-Notch

This document describes an experiment to measure flow over a V-notch weir. The objectives are to determine the coefficient of discharge (Cd) for flow over a V-notch, plot actual discharge (Qa) against theoretical discharge (Qt), and plot Qa against effective head (H) on log-log paper to find exponents. V-notch weirs are preferred over rectangular weirs for measuring a wide range of flows. The experiment involves collecting data on volume of water, collection time, and point gauge readings to calculate Qa, H, and Qt in order to determine Cd for the V-notch.

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182 views

Experiment 7 - Flow Over A V-Notch

This document describes an experiment to measure flow over a V-notch weir. The objectives are to determine the coefficient of discharge (Cd) for flow over a V-notch, plot actual discharge (Qa) against theoretical discharge (Qt), and plot Qa against effective head (H) on log-log paper to find exponents. V-notch weirs are preferred over rectangular weirs for measuring a wide range of flows. The experiment involves collecting data on volume of water, collection time, and point gauge readings to calculate Qa, H, and Qt in order to determine Cd for the V-notch.

Uploaded by

Md Tareq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE 226 : Fluid Mechanics Lab

Md. Nabil Zawad


Lecturer
Department of Civil Engineering
Presidency University (PU)
Experiment 7: Flow over V-notch
Objective of this experiment
- To find Cd for flow over v-notch

- To plot Qa against Qt in plain graph paper

- To plot Qa against H in log-log paper and find the


exponents.
Weir/ Notch
• A weir is a barrier across the width of a river or stream that alters the
characteristics of the flow and usually results in a change in the height of the
water level. Weir is sometimes referred to ‘Notch’ when the size is relatively
small. Also, notches are made of metal plates whereas a weir is made of
mortar or concrete.

• Weir can be classified based on different parameter.

• The most common types of sharp-crested weir are


the rectangular weir and the triangular weir. The
triangular weir or V-notch is preferable to the
rectangular weir for the measurement of wide
range of flow.
Why triangle weirs are preferred over rectangular weirs?

- When small quantity of flow needs to be measured the V-notch


weir is preferable because the triangular cross-section of the
notch leads to a relatively greater variation in head.

- Also, V- notch weir has the advantage that it can function for a
very small flow and also measures reasonably larger flows as
well.
Applications of Weirs
• Weirs are commonly used to measure or regulate flow in rivers, streams,
irrigation canals, etc.

• Installing a weir in an open channel system causes critical depth to form over
the weir. Since there is a unique relationship between the critical depth and
discharge, a weir can be designed as a flow-measuring device.

• Weirs are also built to raise the water level in a channel to divert the flow to
irrigation systems that are located at higher elevations.
Objective: Find Cd for the V-notch

Determination of Qt
Qt = Theoretical Discharge.

Follow these steps to get Qt :


1. Consider a strip and calculate its area
2. Flow rate passing through this strip will be
Area * Velocity (Vt)
3. Now, integrate the equation of this flow rate
dh
to get Qt for the given V-notch.
Determination of Cd

The coefficient of discharge depends on relative head (H/P), relative height (P/B), and
angle of the notch (θ). For the most common angle of notch 90 degree, the discharge
coefficient Cd is about 0.6
Apparatus
h1

h0
Demo

https://youtu.be/cNuI0SCWN0M
https://youtu.be/HGQM913rI10
Experiment No. 7
FLOW OVER A V-NOTCH
Observation and Calculation Sheet

Angle of the notch, q =


K=
Cross-sectional area of the measuring tank =
Initial point gauge reading =
Final point gauge reading =

No. of Vol. Collection Actual Effective Theoretical Co-eff.


Obs. of time discharge head discharge of
water T Qa H Qt discharge

No of
observation
Actual
discharge Qa
Effective
head H
Theoretical
discharge

_____________________

Signature of the Teacher


THANK YOU

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