Paper 2 (4BI1/2B)

Question Answer Mark

number
1(a) An explanation that makes reference to the following two points:

 ice caps melt/flooding/rise of sea levels/climate change/

extreme weather (1)
 therefore loss of habitat/extinction/effect on food webs/ effect
on crop growth (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
1(b) Transfers virus (from sheep to sheep)
1

Question Answer Mark

number
1(c) An explanation that makes reference to the following points:

 evaporation of water (1)

 therefore reduces body temperature/heat loss/equivalent (1)
 enzymes not denatured (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
1(d) Too cold for midge to move/survive/reproduce/equivalent
1

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
1(e)  (100 × 20) ÷ 995 (1)
 2.01% (1) award full marks for correct
numerical answer without working
2

Question Answer Mark

number
1(f) An explanation that makes reference to two of the following points:

 less blood/(oxy) haemoglobin/oxygen (1)

 narrowing of blood vessels (1)
 vasoconstriction (1)
2

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Question Answer Mark
number
1(g) An explanation that makes reference to three of the following
points:

 sheep injected with dead/attenuated/harmless virus/antigens

(1)
 (sheep produces) memory cells (1)
 (sheep produces) antibodies (1)
 faster/greater/quicker response (1)
3

Question Answer Mark

number
1(h) An explanation that makes reference to the following points:

 midges cannot bite/feed (1)

 reduce spread of virus (1)
2

Total for Question 1 = 15 marks

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Question Answer Mark
number
2 A description that makes reference to four of the following points:

 mammoth cell nucleus put into enucleated (elephant) egg cell

(1)
 electric shock/equivalent (1)
 cell division/mitosis (1)
 embryo (1)
 uterus/womb (1)
 surrogate mother (elephant) (1)
4

Total for Question 2 = 4 marks

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Question Answer Mark
number
3(a)(i) B
1

Question Answer Mark

number
3(a)(ii) A
1

Question Answer Additional Mark

number guidance
3(b)(i) An explanation that makes
reference to the following points:

 less dry mass (with herbicide) so less

growth (1)
 less carbon dioxide absorbed (1)
 less photosynthesis (1)
 less carbohydrate synthesised/equivalent
(1)
 less water loss/transpiration (1)
 stomata close (1)
 less supply of mineral ions/named mineral
ion (1)
 nitrate needed for amino acids/protein;
phosphate needed for ATP/DNA; magnesium
needed for chlorophyll/ chloroplasts (1) ignore nutrients
6

Question Answer Additional Mark

number guidance
3(b)(ii) Subtraction
 0.97 − 0.85 = 0.12 (1)

Multiplication
 60 × 24 × 7 =
 10080 × 1209.6 = 1200 to two sig fig (1) award full marks
for correct
numerical
answer without
working

allow 1209.6
2

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Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
number
3(b)(iii) Subtraction
 33.3 – 19.5 = 13.8 (1)

Percentage
 (13.8 ÷ 33.3) × 100 = award full marks for correct
41.4% to three significant numerical answer without
figures (1) working

allow 41%
2

Question Answer Additional Mark

number guidance
3(c) A description that makes reference to five of the
following points:

 potometer (1) allow credit for

 stopwatch/reference to time (1) description of
 measure distance moved by bubble/measure weight or mass
mass loss/equivalent (1) potometer
 repeat readings/find mean (1)
 control of named environmental factor (1)
 same size plant/divide by leaf surface
area/equivalent (1)
5

Total for Question 3 = 17 marks

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Question Answer Additional Mark
number guidance
4(a) One mark for each of the following :

 osmoregulation (1)
 excretion (1) any order
2

Question Answer Mark

number
4(b)(i)
0.17/(0.200 − 0.030)
1

Question Answer Mark

number

4(b)(ii) An explanation that makes reference to four of the following points:

 protein stays in plasma/not in filtrate or in urine (1)

 protein molecules too large to pass out of glomerulus/into
Bowman’s capsule (1)
 glucose in plasma and filtrate/none in urine (1)
 small enough to pass out of glomerulus/into Bowman’s capsule
(1)
 all glucose reabsorbed by active transport in proximal
convoluted tubule (1)
4

Question Answer Mark

number
4(b)(iii) A description that makes reference to four of the following points:

 Benedict’s/equivalent (1)
 heat (1)
 red in high concentration of glucose (1)
 orange/yellow-green in low concentration of glucose (1)
 control volume of sample/time heated/temperature/ volume of
Benedict’s/equivalent (1)
4

Question Answer Mark

number
4(c) An explanation that makes reference to three of the following
points:

 less volume (1)

 more concentrated (1)
 as more water lost in sweat (1)
 more ADH released (1)
3

Total for Question 4 = 14 marks

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Question Answer Mark
number
5(a) A description that makes reference to three of the following points:

 helix (1)
 double stranded (1)
 paired bases (1)
 A with T and C with G (1)
3

Question Answer Mark

number
5(b)(i) A
1

Question Answer Mark

number
5(b)(ii)
43 = 64
1

Question Answer Mark

number
5(c)(i) A description that makes reference to three of the following points:

 change in the order of bases/equivalent (1)

 leads to different codon (1)
 different amino acid in protein (1)
 different-shaped enzyme/change to active site/enzyme not
made/equivalent (1)
3

Question Answer Mark

number
5(c)(ii) An explanation that makes reference to two of the following points:

 change in base may code for same amino acid (1)

 amino acid may not be involved in active site (1)
 enzyme still made/still functions/equivalent (1)
 could be recessive allele (1)
 so not expressed in phenotype (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
5(c)(iii) An answer that makes reference to x-rays/ultraviolet
radiation/gamma radiation/tar/ carcinogens/equivalent
1

Total for Question 5 = 11 marks

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Question Answer Mark
number
6(a) One mark for each of the following:

A nitrogen fixation (1)

B decomposition (1)

C nitrification (1)
3

Question Answer Mark

number
6(b)(i) A description that makes reference to two of the following points:

 nitrate values and BOD decrease (1)

 BOD decreases at a faster rate (1)
 nitrate rises in some years/fluctuates (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
6(b)(ii) An explanation that makes reference to four of the following points:

 lower nitrate levels means less plant growth/equivalent (1)

 less eutrophication (1)
 less plant death (1)
 less decomposition/fewer decomposers/fewer
bacteria/equivalent (1)
 less respiration (1)
 named other factor that could affect BOD (1)
4

Total for Question 6 = 9 marks

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 70 MARKS

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