Scribd
Upload
213 views

Pakistan Irrigation System

The document discusses Pakistan's irrigation system and the Indus Basin Irrigation System. It notes that the irrigation system includes three major reservoirs (Tarbela, Mangala, Chashma), 16 major barrages, 12 interlinks canals, over 44 main canals, and over 7 lakh tube wells that irrigate around 36 million acres of land. It also describes the historical development of the irrigation system under British rule in the 19th century, and key agreements between Pakistan and India in 1960 and 1991 regarding water allocation and dispute settlement between provinces.

Uploaded by

Engr. Ubaid Ullah Zia Khan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
213 views

Pakistan Irrigation System

The document discusses Pakistan's irrigation system and the Indus Basin Irrigation System. It notes that the irrigation system includes three major reservoirs (Tarbela, Mangala, Chashma), 16 major barrages, 12 interlinks canals, over 44 main canals, and over 7 lakh tube wells that irrigate around 36 million acres of land. It also describes the historical development of the irrigation system under British rule in the 19th century, and key agreements between Pakistan and India in 1960 and 1991 regarding water allocation and dispute settlement between provinces.

Uploaded by

Engr. Ubaid Ullah Zia Khan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

UBAID ULLAH ZIA KHAN 2007-CIVIL-94

PAKISTAN IRRIGATION SYSTEM/ INDUS BASIN IRRIGATION


SYSTEM:
SEASONS:
 RABBI SEASON OCT TO MAR MAJOR CROP IS WHEAT
 KHARIF SEASON APR TO SEPT MAJOR CROP IS RICE

 Water requirement in KHARIF is more than in RABBI.

RESOURCES OF WATER IN PAKISTAN:

 Rain fall
 Surface water  snow melt, rainfall runoff.
 Ground water 42 million acres is used to extract water from water table.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND:

irrigation activity was first started in river Nile, they excavated channels from river nile.so, they
constructed uncontrolled canals.

INDUS BASIN IRRIGATION SYSTEM:


It is the largest interconnected irrigation system in the world.

SALIENT FEATURES OF THIS SYSTEM:


 There are three major functioning irrigation reservoirs.

TARBELA
MANGALA
CHASHMA

 There are 16 major barrages in Pakistan and 2 head works.


 12 interlinks canals
 Around 44 main canals.
 Around 105 million acres ft. is average annual water diversion in canals
 About 42 million acre ft. of water is extracted from water table.
 More than 7 lakhs tube wells.
 About 36 million acres is irrigated area in PAKISTAN.
 On average basis around 39 acres ft. of water goes into Arabian sea.
 It was constructed in 19th century under British government.
 Earlier stages involve the construction of inundation canals on Indus river and its tributary.
 These canals later on converted to controlled structures.
 First barrage was constructed in 1887 which is MARALA head works.
 Later on in 1968 it is constructed as gated weir.
 Triple canal project , it was sanctioned in 1905, the main purpose of it is to link JHELUM and
CHENAB. First project is to transfer water from 1 river to other. It involved the diversion of river
from Jhelum through :
UBAID ULLAH ZIA KHAN 2007-CIVIL-94

 Feeder canal from JHELUM CHENAB above Khanki at Mangala the name is Upper Jhelum
canal.
 Canal from BALOKI head worksLOWER BARI DUAB CANAL (LBDC) it is irrigation canal.
 Barrages like Sukkhar barrage in 1932 on Indus River.
I
NDUS BASIN TERIOTARY:

SALIENT FEATURES OF THIS COMPACT (19th sept, 1960):

 Irrigation system is common.


 Water of western rivers allocated to Pakistan which involves:
a. Indus River
b. Jhelum
c. Chenab
 India can construct runoff river projects on these rivers.
 Other three eastern rivers are given to India, which are:
d. Ravi
e. Sutlej
f. Bias

WATER APPORTIONMENT ACCORD(1991)

SALIENT FEATURES OF THIS COVENENT:

 To settle disputes among provinces.


 After TARBELA problems starts between Punjab and Sindh.
 To protect the existing usage of canal water in provinces.
 This accord is based on historical flows from 1977-82
 To proportionate the balance of river supplies including flood surpluses and future storages
among provinces.
 Structures over the rivers.

You might also like