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LAN Data-Link Layer Protocols: Preamble

The document summarizes the Ethernet data-link layer protocol. It describes the Ethernet frame format which includes the preamble, start frame delimiter, destination and source MAC addresses, EtherType field, data and padding, and frame check sequence. The preamble provides clock synchronization, the MAC addresses identify the sender and receiver, the EtherType field indicates the network layer protocol, and the FCS field allows detecting errors using a checksum.

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22 views

LAN Data-Link Layer Protocols: Preamble

The document summarizes the Ethernet data-link layer protocol. It describes the Ethernet frame format which includes the preamble, start frame delimiter, destination and source MAC addresses, EtherType field, data and padding, and frame check sequence. The preamble provides clock synchronization, the MAC addresses identify the sender and receiver, the EtherType field indicates the network layer protocol, and the FCS field allows detecting errors using a checksum.

Uploaded by

mudassir shaikh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAN Data-Link Layer Protocols

#Ethernet

The most commonly used LAN Data-Link Layer [[202011201526 Data-Link Layer]] protocol is
Ethernet & WAN Data-Link Layer protocols are High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) and
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP).
Ethernet Frame is Ethernet Header+Trailer encapsulating the Data.

Ethernet
Preamble SFD DMAC SMAC Type Data & PAD FCS

7 Bytes 1 Byte 6 Bytes 6 Bytes 2 Bytes 461500 Bytes 4 Bytes

Header Data Trailer

Preamble:
For Synchronization
To provide 5MHz clock timing which allows the receiving Computer/device to lock the
incoming bit stream.
It looks like this 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010

SFD Start Frame Delimiter):


The last ON bit of this field Signifies that next byte begins the DMAC or DMAC is incoming.
It looks like this 10101011

DMAC
Receiver of the Frame

SMAC
Sender of the Frame

Type
Type of Layer 3 Network Layer packet (IPv4/IPv6.
The Frame is however in a Hexadecimal format so instead of putting 'IPv4'/'IPv6' they put
Ether type as 0800 for IPv4 & 86DD for IPv6. These DIFFERENT ETHER TYPES are assigned
by IEEE for different Protocols.

Data & PAD


L3PDU Data+IP Header) + PAD to meet the minimum length requirement of Data Field (i.e.
46 Bytes)

FCSFrame Check Sequencing):


To check transmission error.
Errors occurs when Frame's bits changes due to Electrical interference or due to Corrupt
NIC.
Sender's Ethernet Trailer applies a complex Math formula to the frame & store the results in
the FCS field & then send it.
Receiver on the other side applies the same Math Formula after receiving the Frame & then
compare the Sender's results with it's own results.
If the Results are same then the frame is Accepted or else Discarded as a Corrupt Frame.

Reference:
CCNA 200301 OCG, Volume 1, Pg. 4950,5253  Wendell Odom.

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