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Parametri Compared With Synchronous

Synchronous rolling occurs when a ship's natural rolling period matches the wave period, causing the ship to heel over further with each roll. This can cause the ship to capsize if it heels beyond a point of negative stability. Parametric rolling affects container ships and results from an interaction between the ship's pitching and rolling periods as the stern and bow dip into waves, inducing additional uncontrolled rolling. Both issues can be addressed by adjusting the ship's speed, course, or ballast to change its natural rolling period away from resonance with wave frequencies.

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935 views

Parametri Compared With Synchronous

Synchronous rolling occurs when a ship's natural rolling period matches the wave period, causing the ship to heel over further with each roll. This can cause the ship to capsize if it heels beyond a point of negative stability. Parametric rolling affects container ships and results from an interaction between the ship's pitching and rolling periods as the stern and bow dip into waves, inducing additional uncontrolled rolling. Both issues can be addressed by adjusting the ship's speed, course, or ballast to change its natural rolling period away from resonance with wave frequencies.

Uploaded by

GAMMA FACULTY
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Synchronous Rolling And Parametric

Rolling Of Ships
Synchronous rolling of ships

Synchronous rolling is caused by the ship’s rolling period T


becoming synchronous or resonant with the wave period.
When this occurs, the ship will heel over and, in exceptional
circumstances, be rolled further over by the action of the wave.

Consequently, there is a serious danger that the vessel will heel


beyond a point or angle of heel from which it cannot return to
an upright condition.

The ship ends up having negative stability, and will capsize.

Figure 140 shows a ship with synchronous rolling problems.

To reduce synchronous rolling:

1. Use water ballast changes to alter the KG of the vessel. This


should alter the GMT and hence the natural rolling period TR
to a non-synchronous value.
2. Change the course heading of the ship so that there will be
a change in the approaching wave frequencies. In other
words, introduce a yawing effect.

Fig. 140 Synchronous rolling in waves.

3. Alter the ship’s speed until synchronism or resonance no


longer exists with the wave frequency.

Parametric rolling of ships

Parametric rolling is produced by pitching motions on vessels


which have very fine bowlines together with very wide and full
stern contours. One such ship type is the container ship. Figure
141 shows a ship with parametric rolling problems.
The cause depends very much on the parameters of the vessel,
hence the name ‘parametric rolling’. It is most marked when
the pitching period TP is either equal to, or half that of the vessel
’s rolling period TR.

As the stern dips into the waves it produces a rolling action.


This remains unchecked as the bow next dips into the waves
due to pitching forces. It is worst when TP = TR or when TP = 1⁄
2 * T R.

In effect, the rolling characteristics are different at the stern to


those at the bow. It causes a twisting or torsioning along the
ship leading to extra rolling motions.

If TP = TR, or TP = 1⁄2 * TR, then interaction exists and the rolling


of the ship is increased. A more dangerous situation develops
because of the interplay between the pitching and rolling
motions.
Fig. 141 Pitch induced or parametric rolling on a container vessel.

Parametric rolling is worse when a ship is operating at reduced


speed in heavy sea conditions. Such condition can cause
containers to be lost overboard due to broken deck lashings.

The IMO suggest that parametric rolling is particularly


dangerous when the wavelength is 1.0 to 1.5 times the ship’s
length.
Parametric rolling problems are least on box-shaped vessels or
full-form barges where the aft and forward contours are not
too dissimilar. Very little transverse and longitudinal interplay
occurs.

To reduce parametric rolling:

1. A water ballast could be used to alter the GMT and hence the
natural rolling period TR, to a non-synchronous value.

2. The ship needs to have an anti-rolling acting stabilizing


system. Ant rolling stability tanks that transfer water across
the ship or vertically between two tanks are effective for all
ship speeds. A quick response time is vital to counteract this
type of rolling.

3. Hydraulic fin stabilizers would also help to reduce parametric


rolling. They maybe telescopic or hinged into the sides of the
vessel at or near to amidships.
4. Alter the ship’s forward speed.

5. Alter the ship’s course.

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