Electrical Concepts: Corona Discharge - Factors A뾤ecting Corona
Electrical Concepts: Corona Discharge - Factors A뾤ecting Corona
Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts
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Corona Discharge – Factors
Load Factor, Diversity Factor
and Capacity Factor A뾤ecting Corona
May 24, 2016
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because the unevenness of the surface decreases the value
of the breakdown voltage.It can be detected due to its visible
light in form of purple glow consisting of micro arcs and its
sound can be heard through its hissing and cracking sound. The
smelling of the presence of ozone production is noticed during
corona activity.
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The effects of corona are cumulative and permanent and the
failure can occur without warning. In insulation system, corona
discharges result in voltage transients. The effects of corona
associated with the operation of high voltage transmission lines
include radio interference, audible noise, gaseous effluents like
Ozone and Nitrogen oxide and shock potential.
Conductor voltage, diameter and shape, dusts, water drops, and
surface irregularities such as scratches are factors that affect the
performance and conductor’s electrical surface gradients. The
energy loss due to corona is transformed into sound, radio
noise, chemical reactions of the air components and heat.
How much Power Loss due to Corona?
According to Peek’s formulas, the power loss due to corona
under fair weather conditions can be expressed as:
Where f = frequency of power
δ = Air density correction factor
V = Operating voltage in kV
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2/22/2017 Corona Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts
Edcv = Critical disruptive voltage
R = Radius of conductor
d = Distance between two conductors
The normalized air density correction factor, δ is 1 at 250C at
760 mm of Hg pressure. Under the stormy weather conditions,
the Disruptive Critical Voltage (Edcv) is taken as 0.8 times that
of the fair weather value. Where the ratio of the phase voltage to
the disruptive critical voltage is less than 1.8, Peterson formula
is used for determining the corona loss. This is given as:
Factors Affecting Corona Loss:
Atmospheric Conditions like Pressure and Temperature:
Corona loss is a function of Air Density Correction Factor and
the higher the value, the less the corona Loss. At low pressure
and high temperatures, the value of disruptive critical voltage is
small and corona effect and loss is dominant.
The Inception Corona Voltage and the Disruptive Critical
Voltage:
The visual inception corona voltage is more than the disruptive
critical voltage because its formation involves ionization and the
raising of electron to an excited state. This excitation produces
light by discharge and other electromagnetic waves. Figure
below shows the graphical comparison of the Visual and
Disruptive Corona Voltageat various radii of the conductor.
The conductor radius is directly proportional to both visual
corona voltage and disruptive critical voltage.
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Spacing Between Conductors:
Figure below shows the corona loss under fair weather condition
at various spacing between the conductors. Corona loss is
inversely proportional to the spacing between conductors. If the
spacing is made to be very large, corona loss may be absent.
The Supply Frequency:
Figure below shows that the higher the supply frequency, the
higher the corona loss. The DC corona loss is less than that of
AC corona loss. The effect of corona on AC. lines generates
third harmonic components that increase the corona loss.
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2/22/2017 Corona Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts
Line Voltage:
Corona starts for voltages higher than the disruptive critical
voltage. The higher the supply voltage the larger the corona
loss.
Stormy and Fair Weather Conditions:
Stormy or bad atmospheric weather conditions like snows, rains
and hailstorm reduce Disruptive Critical Voltageand increases
the corona effects. Figure below shows the graph of corona loss
at both the stormy and the fair weather conditions at different
values of Disruptive Critical Voltages. The results show that
the lower the value of disruptive critical voltage, the higher the
power loss due to corona.
How to minimize Corona Loss?
Following methods are adopted to minimize the Power Loss due
to Corona.
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2/22/2017 Corona Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts
The use of bundle conductors reduce corona loss.
Spacing between conductors is selected so that corona is
tolerable.
Since the shape of conductors affect corona loss, cylindrical
shape conductors have uniform field that reduces corona loss
than any other shape.
The voltage stress and electric field gradient should be
minimized which can be accomplished by using good high
voltage design practices. Using conductors with large radii
reduce corona loss.
Void free solid conductors and insulators should be used.
Corona formation can be suppressed, if the terminals on high
voltage equipment are designed with smooth round diameter
rounded shapes like balls and the addition of CoronaRings
to insulators of high voltage transmission lines.
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Related Posts:
1. Why are Bundled Conductors used in Transmission Lines?
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