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Electrical Concepts: Corona Discharge - Factors A뾤ecting Corona

Corona discharge occurs when the voltage gradient around a high voltage transmission line exceeds a critical value, causing partial ionization of the surrounding air molecules. Factors that affect corona loss include atmospheric conditions like pressure and temperature, the inception corona voltage and disruptive critical voltage, and characteristics of the conductors like diameter, surface irregularities, and distance between conductors. Corona results in power loss, radio interference, audible noise, and production of ozone and can damage insulation over time if severe. The power loss due to corona can be calculated using Peek's formulas which depend on parameters like operating voltage, conductor radius, and distance between conductors.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
83 views

Electrical Concepts: Corona Discharge - Factors A뾤ecting Corona

Corona discharge occurs when the voltage gradient around a high voltage transmission line exceeds a critical value, causing partial ionization of the surrounding air molecules. Factors that affect corona loss include atmospheric conditions like pressure and temperature, the inception corona voltage and disruptive critical voltage, and characteristics of the conductors like diameter, surface irregularities, and distance between conductors. Corona results in power loss, radio interference, audible noise, and production of ozone and can damage insulation over time if severe. The power loss due to corona can be calculated using Peek's formulas which depend on parameters like operating voltage, conductor radius, and distance between conductors.

Uploaded by

Sureshraja9977
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2/22/2017 Corona 

Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts

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Principle and Types When  in  an  insulation  system,  the  voltage  gradient  exceeds  a
critical  voltage,  the  air  molecules  surrounding  the  high  voltage
Resistance Switching in transmission line conductors become ionized resulting in partial
Circuit Breaker
discharges.
Current Chopping in Circuit  
Breaker Corona loss occurs if the line to line voltage exceeds the corona
threshold.  The  conductive  region  is  not  high  enough  to  cause
electrical  breakdown  or  arcing  to  any  nearby  objects.  Corona
RECOMMENDED can occur within voids of an insulator, at the conductor or at the
insulator interface. Rough surfaces are more liable to corona

BOOKS
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2/22/2017 BOOKS Corona Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts

because the unevenness of the surface decreases the value
of the breakdown voltage.It can be detected due to its visible
light  in  form  of  purple  glow  consisting  of  micro  arcs  and  its
sound can be heard through its hissing and cracking sound. The
smelling  of  the  presence  of  ozone  production  is  noticed  during
corona activity.
 

MY FAVORITE BOOKS

 
 
The  effects  of  corona  are  cumulative  and  permanent  and  the
failure  can  occur  without  warning.  In  insulation  system,  corona
discharges  result  in  voltage  transients.  The  effects  of  corona
associated with the operation of high voltage transmission lines
include  radio  interference,  audible  noise,  gaseous  effluents  like
Ozone and Nitrogen oxide and shock potential.
 
Conductor voltage, diameter and shape, dusts, water drops, and
surface irregularities such as scratches are factors that affect the
performance  and  conductor’s  electrical  surface  gradients.  The
energy  loss  due  to  corona  is  transformed  into  sound,  radio
noise, chemical reactions of the air components and heat.
How much Power Loss due to Corona?
 
According  to  Peek’s  formulas,  the  power  loss  due  to  corona
under fair weather conditions can be expressed as:
 

 
 
Where f = frequency of power
 
δ = Air density correction factor
 
V = Operating voltage in kV 
 
http://electricalbaba.com/corona­discharge­factors­affecting­corona/ 2/8
2/22/2017 Corona Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts

Edcv = Critical disruptive voltage
 
R = Radius of conductor
 
d = Distance between two conductors
 
The  normalized  air  density  correction  factor,  δ  is  1  at  250C  at
760  mm  of  Hg  pressure. Under  the  stormy  weather  conditions,
the Disruptive Critical Voltage (Edcv) is taken as 0.8 times that
of the fair weather value. Where the ratio of the phase voltage to
the  disruptive  critical  voltage  is  less  than  1.8,  Peterson  formula
is used for determining the corona loss. This is given as:
 

 
 
Factors Affecting Corona Loss:
 
Atmospheric Conditions like Pressure and Temperature:
 
Corona  loss  is  a  function  of  Air  Density  Correction  Factor  and
the higher the value, the less the corona Loss.  At low pressure
and high temperatures, the value of disruptive critical voltage is
small and corona effect and loss is dominant.
 
The  Inception  Corona  Voltage  and  the  Disruptive  Critical
Voltage:
 
The visual inception corona voltage is more than the disruptive
critical voltage because its formation involves ionization and the
raising  of  electron  to  an  excited  state.  This  excitation  produces
light  by  discharge  and  other  electromagnetic  waves.  Figure
below  shows  the  graphical  comparison  of  the  Visual  and
Disruptive  Corona  Voltageat  various  radii  of  the  conductor.
The conductor radius is directly proportional to both visual
corona voltage and disruptive critical voltage.
 


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2/22/2017 Corona Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts

 
 
Spacing Between Conductors:
 
Figure below shows the corona loss under fair weather condition
at  various  spacing  between  the  conductors.  Corona  loss  is
inversely proportional to the spacing between conductors. If the
spacing is made to be very large, corona loss may be absent.
 

 
 
The Supply Frequency:
 
Figure  below  shows  that  the  higher  the  supply  frequency,  the
higher the corona loss. The DC corona loss is less than that of
AC  corona  loss.  The  effect  of  corona  on  AC.  lines  generates
third harmonic components that increase the corona loss.
 


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2/22/2017 Corona Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts

 
 
Line Voltage:
 
Corona  starts  for  voltages  higher  than  the  disruptive  critical
voltage.  The  higher  the  supply  voltage  the  larger  the  corona
loss.
 
Stormy and Fair Weather Conditions:
 
Stormy or bad atmospheric weather conditions like snows, rains
and hailstorm reduce Disruptive Critical Voltageand increases
the corona effects. Figure below shows the graph of corona loss
at  both  the  stormy  and  the  fair  weather  conditions  at  different
values  of  Disruptive  Critical  Voltages.  The  results  show  that
the  lower  the  value  of  disruptive  critical  voltage,  the  higher  the
power loss due to corona.
 

 
How to minimize Corona Loss?
 
Following methods are adopted to minimize the Power Loss due
to Corona.
  
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2/22/2017 Corona Discharge – Factors Affecting Corona | Electrical Concepts

The use of bundle conductors reduce corona loss.

Spacing between conductors is selected so that corona is
tolerable.

Since the shape of conductors affect corona loss, cylindrical
shape conductors have uniform field that reduces corona loss
than any other shape.

The voltage stress and electric field gradient should be
minimized which can be accomplished by using good high
voltage design practices. Using conductors with large radii
reduce corona loss.

Void free solid conductors and insulators should be used.

Corona formation can be suppressed, if the terminals on high
voltage equipment are designed with smooth round diameter
rounded shapes like balls and the addition of CoronaRings
to insulators of high voltage transmission lines.

Thank you!

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Related Posts:
1. Why are Bundled Conductors used in Transmission Lines?
2. Corona Ring – How does it Work?
3. HVDC – Advantage & Disadvantage
4. Electrical Interview Questions-18


 admin  Power System , Uncategorized

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