Questions to answer

1. What is the Independent variable from the research question (hypothesis)?

= time

2. Does the first column of the results table show the values of the independent variable?

= yes, It shows the values 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30

3. What is the dependent variable?

= the distance moved by the bubble along the graduated pipette.

4. Are the results in the table showing both of these (dependent and independent) variables?

= yes, in terms of ml

5. Can you rewrite the research questions using the data from the results table?

= The rate of transpiration will decrease when humidity is increased.

Questions to answer

1. What could be done to the photometer values to convert them to "rate of transpiration".

You could have taken time for the water to travel a certain distance, and record the distance in
mm.

2. What units would the rate of transpiration be measured in

mm

3. Is it possible to change the number of mistings into humidity? If so how?

= It is possible to change mistings into humidity (this is by using a controlled temperature (Cº)

There are several ways of controlling your humidity:

- Grouping plants together- Plants release moisture through their leaves, this process is
called transpiration. When you group the plants together, you create a humid
microclimate in the growing area that benefits all the plants. Place your plants in one
 place together where there us more rapid transportation rates, this will create higher
humidity in the growing area.
- Using a humidifier, they raise the humidity of the whole room and are an excellent way to
increase humidity in an environment.
- Lastly, using a terrarium- using an enclosed environment. These situations are best for
smaller plants that require higher humidity and temperatures.

To do

1. Plot a graph of the raw data to show if the increase in the photometer readings
has a straight line.

2. Calculate the dependent variable (in this case the rate of transpiration).
The rate = change in volume on pipette/time Units = ml / minute. As the lines on
the graph all appear to show broadly speaking straight lines, it can be assumed
that the rate is constant for the duration of each experiment and so the difference
in volume from 0 minutes to 30 minutes can be calculated and divided by 30
minutes.

The
Time/minu change of
tes 0 6 12 16 24 30 volume The rate
Photomet
er
Readings
no
misting/
m; +/-
0.01 ml 0.53 0.55 0.57 0.59 0.61 0.63 0.1 0.003
Photomet
er 
Readings 
1 misting/ 
m; +/- 
0.01 ml 0.34 0.35 0.38 0.4 0.42 0.44 0.1 0.159
Photomet
er 
Readings 
2 misting/ 
m; +/- 
0.01 ml 0.25 0.26 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.34 0.09 0.205
Photomet
er 
Readings 
3 misting/ 
m; +/- 
0.01 ml 0.6 0.62 0.63 0.65 0.65 0.67 0.07 0.206
Potometer 
Readings 
5 misting/ 
m; +/-  0.44 0.45 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.49 0.05 0.075
0.01 ml

Conclusion: Questions to answer

1. What trend is shown in the graph?

= There is a steady line that is increasing.

The graph tells us that the higher the mistings (humidity), the slower the rate of
transpiration

2. Using all the data collected describe how much variability there is within the
data?

= There is a lot variability, first of all, there is a range of times being used, up to
30 minutes, that’s dedication! There is also a variety of mistings being carried
out, but they haven’t been repeated, thus making it unreliable.

3. With the data available is there any statistical test that could be done that
might support a conclusion? If so what is it?

= Null Hypothesis/ T-Test is a statistical test to decide whether there is a

statistical relationship or is just by chance.

4. What is the impact of the variability and the statistical test on the strength of
the conclusion?

= The impact of the variability is reliable. As the time is increased, followed by the
rate of transpiration which then is calculated. We are able to find a clear line,
showing me that the more humid it is, the less the rate of transpiration occurs.
Evaluation: Questions to answer

1. How well does the trend identified in the conclusion support the research

question?

= ​The trend line on the graph fully supports the research question, the research
question being, ‘The rate of transpiration will decrease when humidity is increased.’,
The graph shows when the plant had no misting, the rate of transpiration was great
(10ml). When the plant had 5 mistings, the rate of transpiration considerably slowed
(5ml). Thus the trend which was identified supported the research question. The less
water lost means that the stomata were closed for longer.

2. What limitations did the experiment have, in terms of methods and the data

collected?

= There were a lot of limitations in the experiments, the experiment is

time-consuming, as it takes about 30 minutes or longer to complete the one
single experiment, thus doing many trials was not an option, or it was rather
challenging because it is time-consuming. There wasn’t a proper measurement
of the misting, thus they could only rely on the accuracy of the apparatus which
they were using, and tried to give an approximate ml to each result that were
produced. The temperature in the room, which changed every 30minutes
affected the outcome and results of each experiment, even though there weren’t
any outliers, the experiment is still expected to have minor errors. The wind and
the sun during each of these experiments would have also played a role in minor
errors.

3. Suggest improvements for each of the limitations mentioned in the

evaluation.

= There could be various improvements in the experiment and the method itself,
such as the number of times the experiment was carried out, there should have
been more trials carried out so that the experiment would have been more
reliable. Another way we can control the temperature is to do it in a
temperature-controlled room or machine. We can also see how darkness could
play a role in the transpiration.

Next time we could measure the ploem transportation rates, int he series of five
investigations, to make it fair, of the rate of movement of radioactive sucrose
through the ploem in the stem of plant. The mouthparts of the aphid is used as
micropipettes. The time is taken for a pulse of radioactive sugar to travel between
sampling points A and B and the distance apart which will be measured and
recorded.
Resources:

- VanZile, Jon. “Increase Your Home's Humidity to Help Houseplants Thrive.” ​The Spruce,​
The Spruce, 15 Oct. 2019,
www.thespruce.com/increase-humidity-for-houseplants-1902801.
- “Measuring Effects of Environmental Factors on Water Uptake - The Challenges of Size
in Plants - OCR Gateway - GCSE Biology (Single Science) Revision - OCR Gateway -
BBC Bitesize.” ​BBC News​, BBC, www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z936gdm/revision/8.
- https://cdn.fairfieldschools.org/curriculum/high-school-courses/science/AP%20Biology%
20sample%20work.pdf