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CONTENTS

1. Introduction Pg. no.

1.1 Air conditioning 07

1.2 Importance and application of Air-conditioning system 09

2. Literature Survey

2.1 Modes of Heat Transfer 11

2.2 Heating & Cooling Load Estimation on E20 sheet 14

2.3 Classification of Air Conditioning System 15

2.4 Applied Psychometric 16

3. Design

3.1 Sample load calculation 16

4. DBR (Design Basis Report)

A-INTRODUCTION 24

A.1 Purpose 24

A.2 Project Description 25

A.3 Architectural Drawings

B. HVAC SYSTEM

B.1 Intent 25

B.2 Energy Conservation Measures 25

B.3 Assumption 25

B.4 Reference Standards 27

B.5 Load Calculation Summary 29

B.6ProposedSystemVentilation&Exhaust 31
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Introduction

1.1 AIR CONDITIONING

1.1.1 Definition

Air conditioning is defined as a process, which cools (or heats), cleans, circulates,
freshness air controls its moisture content simultaneously.

1.1.2 Basic Requirements of Comfort Air-conditioning

The comfort feeding of people in an air conditioning plants depends upon following five
main factors:

(a) Safety of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide.

(b) Removal of body heat dissipated by the occupants.

(c) Removal of body moist dissipated by the occupants.

(d) To provide sufficient air movement and air distribution in occupied space.

(e) To maintain the purity of air by removing odor and dust.

(a) Oxygen Supply

The human body requires adequate supply of oxygen to sustain combustion (food
digestion) like other machines, which convert chemical energy into mechanical work,
and dissipates carbon dioxide as exhaust gas. Each person requires nearly 0.65cu.m.
of O2 per hour under normal condition and produce 0.2 cu. m. of CO 2 so that the rise in
concentration of CO2 is an index of oxygen consumption.

The percentage of CO2 in atmosphere is nearly 0.6% and it is necessary to maintain this
percentage for proper functioning of respiratory system. When the percentage of CO 2 in
air exceeds above 2% the partial pressure of oxygen will be reduced to a value such
that the breathing becomes more difficult, Extreme discomfort exists when the
percentage of CO2 reaches 6% and unconsciousness occurs at 10% of CO 2. The
quantity of air-supply to an air-conditioned space should be maintained in such a way
that the percentage of CO2 should not exceed than minimum.
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(b) Heat removal

The human body can be considered an engine, which converts thermal energy into
mechanical work with a thermal efficiency of 20% and remaining amount of heat is
dissipated to the atmosphere. The atmosphere surrounding the person must be capable
to absorb the heat dissipated by the person, otherwise discomfort exists. When the man
is not doing any external work, still he does sufficient internal work as pumping of blood
through the body and muscular work required for respiration.

If a space of 6 cu. m. is provided to each person and if there is no transfer of heat and
air from outside source, then the space temperature will rise through 0.15 0C for each kJ
of heat added to the space and rise temperature of 48% per hour would result as man
body dissipates 320kJ of heat per hour.

The objective of ventilation system is to provide sufficient circulation of air to avoid

excessive rise in temperature of air in air-conditioned space and establish an
atmosphere in which occupants can live and work satisfactorily.

(c) Moist Removal

The moisture less from the body is nearly 50 grams per hour when the man is at rest.
The body ability to dispose of heat by evaporation to atmosphere decreases as the air
humidity increases. High humidity of air reduces the apparent freshness of air in
enclosed space in addition to difficultly in disposing of body heat. The ventilation system
must be capable to maintain the relative humidity below 70%.

(d) Air Motion

Increased air velocity increases the heat transfer from the body by reducing the
thickness of air film adjacent to the body. The effect of increased velocity is to increases
the body heat loss and reduce the feeling of discomfort when the ambient air is at a
temperature lower than body surface temperature. The sensible heat transfer will be in
the opposite direction if the air temperature exceeds that of body temperature, so the
effect of the increases velocity is to increase the existing discomfort.

Secondly, increases velocity reduces the thickness of the layer of the saturated vapour
near the body surface and helps for evaporation. The heat loss by evaporation is
usually greater than the heating effect by convection, when the dew point temperature is
below 300C so the increased velocity is always advantageous. The Heat transfer will be
towards the body when the air is at high temp and at high relative humidity so increased
air velocity will create discomfort. Air velocity in the air conditioned space should not be
more than 6 to 9 m/min at 20 C and 9 to 15m/min at 22 C
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Table 1.1 comfortable ranges of air velocity and humidity with respect to room air temperature

Room Velocity m/sec R.H%

air
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Temp
C

20 0.04 0.12 35 65

21 0.04 0.14 35 65

22 0.05 0.17 35 65

23 0.07 0.21 35 65

24 0.09 0.24 35 65

25 0.12 0.32 35 65

26 0.16 0.40 35 65

Air motion alone has no meaning without proper air distribution. Air distribution is
defined as a uniform supply of air- conditioned system. Air motion without proper air
distribution is responsible for local cooling sensation known as draft the velocities less
than 8 m/min associated with temp differential of 1.5 C produce uncomfortable
drafty conditions.

(c) Purity of air

The quality of air in regard to odour, dust , toxic gases and bacteria is considered for
defining the purity of air . The evaporation on the surface of the body add odours in the
air. There are many sources contributing the different odours to air – conditioned space
situated near the chemical, cloth and paper industries the smoke is objectionable due
to its bad effects on nose, eyes and hearts. It’s also unpleasant to the nonsmokers. The
removal of toxic gases is essential to avoid heavy irritation caused by them. The control
of bacteria is most important to prevent the bad effects of the bacteria on human health
and this is done by sterilization of air.

1.2 IMPORTANCE &APPLICATIONS OF AIR CONDITIONING

1.2.1 Importance

The purpose of air conditioning is to supply sufficient volume of clean air containing a
specific amount of water vapor and at temp capable of maintaining predetermined
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atmospheric conditions within a selected enclosure. The space may be a small

compartment such as a research test cabinet of a room, office or cinema hall.

Properly air conditioned results in greater comfort to occupants when applied to public
places, offices and factories. Industrially it has many benefits including better control of
product quality texture and uniformity.

1.2.2 Applications:-

The applications of air conditioning applications are grouped in following two categories

(a) Comfort air conditioning

(b) Industrial air conditioning

(a) Comfort air conditioning application are as follows:-

 Residences

 Retail facilities
i. Small stores
ii. Variety stores
iii. Super markets
iv. Departmental stores

 Commercial and public buildings

i. Restaurants
ii. Office buildings
iii. Libraries
iv. Telephone exchanges
v. Radio and T.V. studios
vi. Airport terminal

 Places of assembly
i. Auditorium
ii. Sports complex

 Domiciliary facilities
i. Hotels and motels
ii. Dormitories

 Education facilities

 Health facilities
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i. Hospitals
ii. Nursing homes

 Transportation

 Aircraft air conditioning

 Ships
i. Naval ships
ii. Merchants ships

(b)Industrial air conditioning applications are as follows:-

 Laboratories

 Computer room

 Textile processing

 Nuclear facilities

 Printing plant

 Engine test facilities

 Photographic applications

 Wood and paper product

 Industrial ventilation

 Industrial drying system

 Drying and storing of farm products

2.1 MODES OF HEAT TRANSFER

2.1.1 Conduction

It is the mode of transmission of heat in which heat travels from hot part of the body to
its cold part, without any actual motion of heated particles. If we place two bodies one
hot another cold in contact with each other, we observe that the hot body gradually
 Page |7

grows warmer. This happens because some of the heat energy from the body is
transferred to cold body.

2.1.2 Convection

Convection is transfer of heat by actual motion of material for example whenever a solid
body is exposed to a moving fluid or gas having a temperature lower than that of the
body, energy initially conducted from the solid, is carried or convected away by the fluid.
The heat is transferred by gross motion of matter. The hot air furnace, the hot water
heating system and the flow of blood in the body are the examples of convection.
Convection takes place in case of liquids or gases only.

If the fluid motion is caused by the difference in density that accompanies a change in
temperature, the convection current produced is referred to as natural convection. In
case if the fluid is caused to move by the action of a fan or pump, the current is
produced referred to as forced convection. Both of these are used in common heating
systems for home heating.

2.1.3 Solar Radiation

The radiations emitted by the sun are known as solar radiations. These radiations play
an important role in the estimation of cooling load. They are the following two types:

(a) Direct or beam radiation

The solar radiation, which reaches the earth surface without changing its direction and
wavelength is known as direct or beam radiation, these radiation are in line with sun and
cast a shadow when interacted by an opaque object.

(b) Diffused solar radiation

The solar radiation coming from all parts of sky’s hemisphere after scattering,
absorption and transmission is called diffused solar radiation.
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2.1.4 Combined Conduction and Convection heat transfer

In actual practice, the various principles of heat transfer must be combined in order to
solve many problems. With insulated walls and pipes, convection occurs between inner
and outer surfaces and conduction occurs between the surfaces.

Consider the heat is flowing from the hot atmosphere to air conditioned room, the heat
flow can be calculated considering

(i) Heat flow from the hot atmosphere air to wall surface by convection.

(ii) Heat flow from the inner wall surfaces to inside air by convection.

(iii) Heat flow through the walls and plasters by conduction.

hi = Heat transfer coefficient from the hot atmospheric air to the wall surface.

ho = Heat transfer coefficient from the wall surfaces to room air.

For the steady state heat flow condition,

Q = hi (T1 – T2) = K1 A (T1 – T2)/ X1

= K2 A (T2 – T3)/ X2

= K3 A (T3 – T4)/ X3

= h0 A (T4 – T0)

From the above equation, we can write

Q = ___________________T1 – T0 __________________________

. 1/hiA + X1/K1A + 1/hIA + 1/h2A + X2/K2A +1/h0A

Where 1/h A and 1/h A are known as surface resistances or convective resistances
where the other terms known as internal or conductive resistances and the addition of
all is known as total resistances. For reducing the heat gain or loss from the air
conditioned buildings, air gaps are generally provided, as air is very bad conductor of
heat.

Generally h1 and h2 are same and their values are quite small so that 1/h 1 A and 1/h2 A
become quite larger compared with the other resistances so that the total heat flow will
be considerably reduced with the use of air gaps.
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2.2 HEATING & COOLING LOAD ESTIMATION ON E20 SHEET

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This is very common practice in all air conditioning system to prevent the flow of heat
from the atmosphere to room for summer air conditioning and from the room to the
atmosphere for winter air conditioning.

2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF AIR CONDITIONING:

There are several different ways for classifying air conditioning system.

2.2.1. Classification air conditioning

(a) Comfort air conditioning

Comfort air conditioning system is so satisfy the comfort requirement of occupant

especially human beings. The conditions are temperature, humidity, air movement and
purity of air. Air conditioning system in homes, offices, stores, restaurants, theatres,
hospitals, schools etc. are of this type.

(b) Industrial air conditioning

Any air conditioning system used in industrial units to control atmospheric conditions
mainly for the proper conduct of research and manufacturing operations. Air
conditioning system in paper mills, photo processing plants are of this type. The system
may have conditions comfortable to occupants or it may not be comfortable.

2.2.2. Classification based on the season of the year

(a) Winter air conditioning system

Winter air conditioning is maintaining temperature and humidity of air inside the space,
higher than of surrounding air. The air is heated and humidified before being delivered
to the conditioned space. This system will give conditions in the space comfortable for
winter.

(b) Summer air conditioning system

Summer air conditioning system is maintaining temperature and humidity of air inside
the space normally below that of surroundings. The air is cooled and dehumidified
before being supplied to conditioned space.

(c) Year round air conditioning system

Year round air-conditioning system comprises air conditioning systems, which

distributes cooled and dehumidified air in the conditioned space in summer. In winter,
the same system incorporates devices (Heaters, Filters, Humidifier, and Fan etc.) to get
heated, humidified air distributed into the conditioned space.
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2.4 PSYCHROMETRY

Psychrometry is the science involving thermodynamic properties of moist air and the
effect of atmospheric moisture on materials and human comfort.

2.4.1. Applied Psychrometry

The sum of all sensible and latent heat loads is known as ‘Room Sensible Heat
Load’(R.S.H) and the ‘Room Latent Heat’(R.L.H) respectively. The some of the RSH
and RLH is known as ‘Room Total Heat Load’(RTH) the ratio of the RSH to the RTH
(RSH/RTH) is known as the ‘Room Sensible Heat Factor’(RSHF).

Thus we have:

1. Room Effective total heat (effective room sensible+ Latent heat)

2. Grand total heat (ERTH+ The load due to (1-BF) fresh air intake, heat gain in
return air duct/passage, chilled water system, pump HP, etc)

It is the “Effective room total heat load that determines the quality and temperature-
humidity condition of supply and the grand total heat load determines the capacity of the
refrigerant plant.

3. Design

3.1 Sample Load Calculation

The heat load estimation form is designed to arrive at these loads and the condition and
quality of dehumidified supply air needed.

Before understanding the use of the heat load estimation for, it is necessary to
remember the following ratios and terms.

1. SHF=SH/SH+LH=SH/TH

Where,

SHF =Sensible heat factor

SH =Sensible heat

LH =Latent heat

TH =Total heat

2. RSH=RSH/RSH+RLH

Where,
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RSHF=Room sensible heat factor

RSH =Room sensible heat

RLT =Room latent heat

RTH =Room total heat

3. GSHF = GSH/GSH+GLH =GSH/GTH

Where,

GSHF = Grand sensible heat factor

GSH = Grand sensible heat

GLH = Grand latent heat

GTH= Grand total heat

4. ERSHF = ERSH/ERSH+ERLH = ERSH/ERTH

Where,

ERSHF = Effective room sensible heat factor

ERSH = Effective room sensible heat

ERLH = Effective room latent heat

ERTH = Effective room total heat

5. Dehumidified air quantity = ERSH/17.28 (Trm-Tadp) (1-B.F)

Where,

Qda =Quantity of dehumidified air (CFM)

ERSH =Effective room sensible heat (Kcal/hr.)

Tr.m =Room design temperature (°C)

Tadp =Apparatus dew point temperature of the cooling coil (°C)

B.F =By pass factor of the cooling coil.

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6. Bypass of Air

Consider the cooling apparatus as a cooling coil in which chilled water is circulated or
as the cooling coil of the refrigerant plant. The air passing over the cooling coil and fins
gets cooled and dehumidified. All the air cannot come in contact with the cooling coil
and fins. Some air passing between the fins. We can say this part of the air "by passes"
the cooling surface of the cooling coil and comes out of the cooling apparatus at the
same condition as it entered. It mixes with that (1-BF) part of the air which on direct
contact with the cooling coil surface and fins, gets cooled and dehumidified thus giving a
condition of a mixing of cooled — dehumidified air and initial air. The amount of by-pass
depends upon:

Apparatus due point temperature of the cooling coil corresponding to 22 0 C D.B.T

and sensible heat factor.

TADP=11.110C

Calculation for Quantity of Dehumidified Air

For calculating the total quality of dehumidified air ,following formula is used:

Qda =Quantity of dehumidified air [CFM]

ERSH =Effective room sensible heat [Kcal/hr]

Tr.m = room design temperature [0C]

Tadp = Apparatus due point temperature of cooling coil [ 0C]

B.F = By pass factor of the cooling coil

Then,

100641.78
Qda = =¿629.12 CFM
17.28 [ 22−11.11 ] [1−0.15]
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1) Number of fins per cm inch on the coil (Gap between fins or finch of fin.)
2) Velocity of air over the coil.
3) Number of rows of coil pipe in the direction of air flow.

7. Bypass Factor

The ratio of the quantity of the bypass air to that of the total air passing through the coil
is known “By Pass Factor” (BF), The BF depend upon the fin pitch,velocity of air over
the cooling coil face and the number of row (coil tubes) in the direction of air flow.
The BF increases as the coil face (Air) velocity increases but decreases as the fin pitch
decreases and as the number of row increase.

By pass occurs in the air washer as well and here it affect the saturation efficiency.

8. Effect Of By Pass Factor

As result of the bypass effect the room sensible and latent heat (The room total heat) go
up due to the addition of the sensible and latent heat of the bypass fresh air and
infiltration load where applicable. These new values are termed as “effective room
sensible heat” (ERSH), “Start effective room latent heat (ERLH) and “effective room
sensible heat factor” (ERSHF). This ratio becomes handy to derive at the supply air
quantity as it encompasses the effect of by pass and infiltration.

9. Effective Surface Temperature

The surface temperature of the conditioning equipment varies throughout:

The surfaces of one apparatus as the air come in contact with it. However, the effective
surface temperature can be considered to be the uniform surface temperature. This will
produce the same leaving air condition as the non-uniform surface temperature that
usually occurs when the apparatus is in operation.

Sample load calculation

Determination of inside and outside convective heat transfer coefficient (i.e.h i and ho) on
assumed data.

Over all heat transfer coefficient,

1
U= (W /m2−K )
1 1 1
+ +
h0 k hi

Mean wall temperature,

T w =T 0+ T i / 2

44°C + 22°C/ 2
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= 32°C
For outside surface
= 42°C
T w= 32°C

∴Outside film temperature

T fo= 42+32/2 = 37°C

ΔT = T o +T fo
= 42°C - 37°C
= 5°C
We know that,
PrandtI number,
Pr = µC p/K
Where,
µ = Coefficient of viscosity ( Ns/m2)
C p =Specific heat at 310 K (J/kg-K)
K = Thermal conductivity of air film (W/m-K)
∴ PR = 189.32x10-7x1.007x103
27.04 x 10-3 __________________________
PR = 0.705

Plotting the initial and final conditions at point 1 and point 2 respectively
On psychometric chart, the values of enthalpy are
h1 = 72.5 KJ/Kg
h2 = 46.0 KJ/Kg
hA = 67.0 KJ/Kg
And value of specific volume,
Vs = 0.91 m3/Kg
∴ Mass of infiltrated air per min,
Minf = Vinf / Vs = 1.672/0.91 = 1.81 Kg/min
∴ Sensible heat gain due to infiltrated air,
 P a g e | 16

Qs(inf) = Minf X (hA – h2)

= 1.84 (67.0 — 46.0)
= 38.64 kJ/min
Qs(inf) = 644 W
And, latent heat due to infiltrated air,
QL(inf) = Minf(h1 - hA)
= 1.84 (72.5 - 67.0)
= 10.12 KJ/min
➢ Heat gain due to fresh air
Assuming 0.238 CMM per person and considering five persons,
Total quality of fresh air required
Vf.a = 5x0.283
= 1.415 CMM
∴ Mass of fresh air required,
Mf.a = Vf.a / Vs
= 1.415/0.91
=1.54 Kg/min

∴ Sensible heat load due to fresh air,

Qs(f.a) = M (hA - h2)

= 1.54 (67.0 - 46.0)

= 32.34 KJ/min

Qs(f.a) = 539 W

And, latent heat due to fresh air,

QL(f.a) = Mf.a (h1 - hA)

= 1.54 (72.5 - 67.0)

= 8.47 KJ/min

QL(f.a) = 141 W
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➢ Heat load due to occupancy,

When occupants are doing light work, sensible heat gain per person is 142 W and latent
heat gain per person is 42 W.

Considering five persons in the room,

Sensible heat load due to occupants,

QS.O. = 5 x 142

= 710 W

And, latent heat load due to occupants,

QL.O. = 5 x 42

= 210 W

Therefore, total heat load due to occupants,

QO = QS.O. + QL.O.

= 710 + 210

= 920 W

 Heat load due to Lighting & Equipment’s

Considering four fluorescent lights, each of 40 watts and using 1.25 as
Multiplying factor,
Lighting load,
QSL = 1.25×heat load due to four lights
= 1.25×40×4
= 200 W
Considering three fans, each of 100 watts,
Equipment load (i.e. due to fan),
QSE = No. of fans ×heat load due to fan
= 3×100
= 300 W
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 Total sensible heat load,

QTS = QWS+QSG+QS(int.) +QS(f.a)+QS.O+QSL+QSE
= 1238+408+644+539+710+200+300
= 4039 W
Assuming safety factor equals to 10 % of total sensible heat load,
Effective room sensible heat load (ERSH)
= QTS+ Safety factor
= QTS+10% of QTS
= 4039+403.9
= 4442.9
 Total latent heat load,
QTL = QL(int) +QL(f.a)+QLO
= 169+141+210
= 520 W
ERLH = 520 W

 Effective room total heat load,

ERTH = ERSH+ERLH
= 4442.9+520
= 4962.9 W
Heat load in terms of TR,
Heat load = ERTH/3500 TR
= 4962.9/3500
= 1.42 TR
 Similarly, total sensible heat load for ground floor is calculated as-

QSH = 106232.99 W

Safety factor = 10%of QSH

= 10%× 106232.99

= 10623.3 W
Effective room sensible heat,
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= QSH + Safety factor

= 106232.99 + 10623.3

= 116856.29 W

And, Effective room latent heat,

ERLH = 23771.01 W

Effective room total heat for ground floor,

ERTH = ERSH + ERLH
= 116856.29 + 23771.01
= 140627.3 W

Total heat load of the ground floor in terms of TR,

= ERTH/3500
= 140627.3/3500
= 40.18 TR And, Effective room sensible heat factor,
ERSHF = ERSH / ERTH
= 116856.29/140627.3
= 0.83

DESIGN BRIEF REPORT

A. INTRODUCTION
A.1 Purpose
The primary purpose of this report is to provide and describe a permanent record of the
building system. In addition to describing the system, the fundamental assumption used
for design is also outline temperature and humidity criteria noise limit water demand
usage, Power demand and usage, occupancy and lighting level. This information is
critical to ensure the contractor, other discipline, operator, and future designer
understand the assumption made and the limitation of the system without information,
one to guess at designer line of reasoning during this design process throughout the
design process, the basis need to be consistent with the process intent. This report is
based on the systematic design assumption and will be modified as the project progress
to the level of detail of design. The project intent is shown in the basis of design: the
designer transform the project intent and challenges into reality

A.2 Project Description

VCTM College is the proposed project in Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh with a total
buildup of workshop 20260 ft. sq. The VCTM college includes workshop and labs
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The design report presented here however the design philosophy of only a part of it
which a WORKSHOP of approximately 20260 ft.sq.

Site location: MORADABAD Uttar Pradesh

Geographic location: 250278N81050, E/25.450N 81.850E

Altitude: 98m (322ft.) above mean sea level

B. HVAC system:
B.1 Intent:
Objective of HVAC is to provide thermal comfort to all areas of hotel for all occupants in
an efficient and cost effective manner. Temperatures and indoor air quality shall be
maintained in accordance with parameters as specified in the following section of Basis
of Design.

The design approach shall be sensitive to environmental issue. The main trust shall be
laid on energy conservation, safety and ease of maintenance and current progressive
technological developments. Building will be designed after understanding minute level
of detailing and requirement of thermal comfort.

B.2 Energy Conservation Measures:

We are proposing high performance chilled water system which will be used to
maximize the energy efficiency.

B.3 Assumption:
This section of the basis of design documents specifies number used in the design of
the building. These assumptions are an essential part of making the transition from the
project intent to installed equipment and the course are guidelines for the designer and
contractor which are to be followed during the different stage of project.
 P a g e | 21

Design Condition and Assumption

The summer design condition is based on statistics ofd the most recent data of 10 year
period.

Assumptions Made for the Project

S.N Description for Assumptions Value (units)

O
1 Summer Max. outdoor air dry 110˚F DB (43.33˚C
bulb/wet bulb DB)/82˚FWB(23.88˚CDB)
2 Winter outdoor air dry bulb 48F DB (8.88C DB)
3 Roof U- value (insulated roof) 0.0658Btu/h. ft2.˚F
4 Overall wall U-value 0.32 Btu/h. ft2.˚F
5 Glass U-value (summer/winter) 0.57Btu/h.ft2.˚F
6 Glass shading coefficient 0.33
7 People sensible/latent heat 250 Btu/h.
generation ft2.˚F(sensible)/200btu/h(latent)
8 Building usage schedule 100%
9 Heat load calculation program Excel sheet, HAP4.3
10 Heat load calculation method CLTD-CLF(ASHRAE-TFM)
11 Air Infiltration/Exfiltration ASHRAE

Occupancy:

 500 Watts for Patient Observation Room.

 500 Watts for Doctor Room.

 500 Watts for Waiting Area.

 500 Watts for OPD.

 500 Watts for RECEPTION.

 500 Watts for Pharmacy.

 500 Watts for SAMPLE COLLECTION.

 500 Watts for Dental.

 500 Watts for Minor OT.

 500 Watts for Corridor.

Occupancy as per furniture layout/capacity of Meeting rooms as mentioned on the

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Architectural plans. For areas where capacity is not mentioned, it is assumed as per

NBC-Part-8, Building Services, and Section-3, Table 4 or ASHRAE 62.1-2007 table 6-1

B.4 Reference Standards:

The applicable Standards/Codes are:

1. American society of heating, refrigeration and air conditioning engineers (ASHRAE)

1. ASHRAE-55, thermal comfort

2. 90.1-2007

3. 62.1-2007

4. Fundamentals-2005

5. HVAC application-2007

6. HVAC system & equipment -2008

7. Refrigeration-2006

8. Duct construction standards as per relevant BIS codes &SMACN A

9. Motor, cabling wiring, and accessories as per 13IS codes

10. Air filter as per ASHRAE-52.1-1992 and 52.2-2007

11. National electric codes

12. National building codes-2005

13. NEPA standards.

The following is codes shall be applicable:

S. No. Material/item of work Standard/ code

1 Ducting fabrication IS: 655 (latest Rev.)/SMACNA

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2 Galvanized sheets/wires IS: 277-1977

3 Aluminium sheets/wires IS: 737

4 Mild steel, ERW pipes IS: 1239, IS: 3589

5 Pipe Fittings IS: 1239

6 Steel Pipe Flanges IS: 6392

7 Color Code for Identifications of pipes IS: 2379-1963

8 3 Phase induction motors IS: 325

9 Burden type pressure gauges IS: 3624

10 PVC insulated electric cables IS: 1554

11 Starters sheets/wires IS: 8555

12 Specific requirements for Direct IS: 4064 (Part II)

switching of motors

13 Inspection and testing of Installation IS: 732 (Part III)

14 Glossary of terms used in refrigeration IS: 3615

andAir-conditioning

15 Expanded polystyrene IS: 4671

Safety codes:

The following safety codes as laid down by ISI shall be followed:

1. Safety code for mechanical refrigeration IS : 660

2. Safety code for air-conditioning IS : 659

3. Safety code for scaffolding and ladders IS : 3696

4. Code for practice for safety and health

5. Requirements in electrical and gas

6. Welding & cutting operations IS: 3696

7. Code of safety procedures and practices

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8. In electrical works IS: 5216

B.5 LOAD CALCULATION SUMMARY

Light
Floor Fres AC
/
S.N Area Occupanc h Air Dehum Loa
Floor / Space Eqpt.
O (SqFt y Nos (CFM (CFM) d
Load
) ) (TR)
(KW)

2.0 Lower Ground Floor            

0.3/2.
2.1 Computer room 148 3 24 868.00 1.48
0

.
2.2 Telephone Exchange 72 2 12 347.00 0.69
14/1.0

2.3 EDP Work room 85 2 .17/.5 14 283.00 0.53

.
2.4 General cashier 82 2 14 223.00 0.43
16/.25

1.0/2.
2.5 Account's office 496 9 80 1564.00 2.89
0

2.6 Chief Accountant 75 2 .15/.5 12 248.00 0.46

2.7 Telephone operator 100 2 .2/.25 16 242.00 0.47

.
2.8 Training Manager 78 2 13 196.00 0.39
15/.25

2.9 Secretary 100 2 .2/.25 16 297.00 0.56

2.10 Class Room 327 8 1/.5 170 1057.00 2.47

.
2.11 Uniform issue 257 6 42 822.00 1.54
51/.25

.
2.12 Personnel office 127 3 21 594.00 1.05
25/.75

.
2.13 Personnel manager 97 2 16 456.00 0.80
19/.25
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2.14 JR. Male locker room 720 15 1.44 415 2601.00 5.98

2.15 Toilet (M) (TFA) 274 - - 415 415.00 2.46

2.16 JR. & SR. Female locker room 253 6 0.5 385 1034.00 3.30

Gen. toilet (Female locker room)

2.17 258 - - 385 385.00 2.28
(TFA)

2.18 Executive Male locker room 103 3 0.2 200 588.00 1.79

Gen. Toilet (Exec. Male locker

2.19 134 - - 200 200.00 1.20
room) (TFA)

2.0/2.
2.20 Staff canteen 655 27 315 2897.00 6.39
0

.
2.21 Exec. Asst. manager 85 2 14 351.00 0.63
17/.25

.
2.22 Banquet manager 83 2 14 258.00 0.49
16/.25

.
2.23 F & B manager 85 2 14 259.00 0.49
17/.25

.
2.24 Sales manager 108 3 18 390.00 0.73
21/.25

60.0
2.25 Banquet hall 3700 9 68 10200.0
0.84 0

2.26 Sales & Secretaries 405 310 5/2.0 400 1382.00 2.55

2.27 Conference 195 8 .6/.5 51 630.00 1.32

2.28 Secretary & Waiting 146 3 .3/.25 24 424.00 0.80

2.29 General manager 140 3 .3/.25 23 588.00 1.02

2.30 T.V. Room 148 4 .3/.25 24 606.00 1.10

2.31 Chief Engineer 130 3 .3/.25 21 678.00 1.18

2.32 Engg. office & control 182 4 .4/.25 29 772.00 1.37

Total 9848 449 - 3465 31855 92

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B.6 PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed system composing VRV, for the School project as per the usage and
requirement of the building. We are proposing high efficiency magbearing screw chillers
for low maintenance and low electrical consumption. The advantage of magbearing
chillers is that there is no noise.

B.7 VENTILATION & EXHAUST

Toilet shall be ventilated at a rate of 15 air changes per hour and small toilets are
ventilated at 10 ACPH. Toilet doors shall have an undercut (or an air transfer grill) so
that some air from the cooled space shall pass through this undercut /air transfer grill
and exhausted out, using Inline Fan.
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