2821 Mark Scheme Jan 2006

FINAL MARK SCHEME 2821 FORCES AND MOTION

JANUARY 2006

Mark Scheme Unit Code Session Year Version

Page 1 of 6 2821 JANUARY 2006 FINAL

Question 1 Expected Answers Marks

1
(a)(i) speed = d / t C1

= 24 / 55

= 0.436 (m s-1) allow 0.44 A1

do not allow one sf

(ii) kinetic energy = ½ m v2 C1

= 0.5 x 20 x (0.436)2

= 1.9 (J) note ecf from (a)(i) A1

(iii) potential energy = mg h C1

= 20 x 9.8 x 4

= 784 (J) A1

penalise the use of g = 10

(b)(i) power = energy / time or work done / time C1

= (15 x 784) / 55
note ecf from (a)(iii)

= 214 (W) A1

(ii) needs to supply children with kinetic energy B1

air resistance B1
friction in the bearings of the rollers / belt B1
total mass of children gives an average mass of greater than B1
20 kg Max B2

Total: 10

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Question 2 Expected Answers Marks

2 (a)(i) velocity = displacement / time or rate of change of B1
displacement

(ii) acceleration = change in velocity / time or rate of change of B1

velocity

(b)(i) 1. distance / displacement B1

2. acceleration B1

(ii) use of area of squares under the line C1

value for the distance in the range 0.45 to 0.55 (cm) A1

(use of a triangle area scores 1/2 [0.40 cm])
(do not allow 1sf)

(iii) acceleration is a maximum at A / decreases from A to 0.2 s B1

acceleration goes to zero at 0.2 s

B1
acceleration is maximum at B / opposite direction at B /
decelerates from 0.2 s to B / acceleration increases from 0.2
to B B1 MAX 2

acceleration = [(-)3.8 – (+ 3.6)] / 0.3 C1

(v)
= 24.7 (cm s-2) A1

allow 24 to 25 for 2 marks and 23 to 26 for one mark Total: 10

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Question 3 Expected Answers Marks

3 (a)(i) pressure = force / area B1

(ii) moment = force multiplied by the perpendicular distance (from B1

the line of action of the force) to the pivot

(b)(i) force drawn vertically upwards at plunger B1

force drawn vertically at H B1

(ii) 20 x 500 / force on Plunger x 120 (one correct moment B1

stated)

Plunger force x 120 = (20 x 500) B1

Plunger force = 83(.3) (N) A0

(c)(i) pressure = force / area

= 83 / 4 x 10-3 C1

= 20800 (Pa) A1

(ii) decrease area of plunger / decrease distance H to plunger / B2

increase F / increase length of arm MAX 2

Total: 10

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 2821 Mark Scheme Jan 2006

Question 4 Expected Answers Marks

4 (a) (i) 1 mass = 360 / 9.8 36.7 (kg) B1

(allow 2sf)

2 density = mass / volume C1

= 36.7 / 4.7 x 10-3

= 7.8 x 103 A1
unit kg m-3 B1

(a)(ii) right angled triangle with an additional correct angle marked M1

set of correct force labels and correct arrows A1

algebra shown or scale given C1

tension = 270 (N) or value in the range 255 to 285 (N) A1

(b)(i) tension is a vector / has magnitude and direction B1

direction involved in addition / the tensions or ropes act in

different directions B1

(ii) sum =270 sin37 + 360 sin53 B1

=162.5 + 287.5 B1
(or one mark each for values of 162.5 and 287.5 seen)

= 450 (N) A0
Total: 12

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 2821 Mark Scheme Jan 2006

Question 5 Expected Answers Marks

5
(a)(i) Stress = force / area C1

force = stress x area

= 180 x 106 x 1.5 x 10-4

= 27000 (N) A1

(ii) Y M = stress / strain C1

= 180 x 106 / 1.2 x 10-3 or using the gradient C1

= 1.5 x 1011 N m-2 A1

(b) brittle
elastic/ graph shown up to elastic limit
obeys Hooke’s law / force Į extension / stress Į strain
no plastic region
B3 max 3

Total: 8

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 2821 Mark Scheme Jan 2006

Question 6 Expected Answers Marks

6 (a) road surface / conditions
brake system
tyre surface / tread
speed of car
mass
gradient of road MAX B2

Explanation to include the affect on the acceleration / force

(and hence the braking distance) MAX B2

(b) crumple zone

seat belts

airbag

protective cell / side impact protection MAX B2

explanation to include increase in time / distance of stop

decreases force for crumple zone or airbag /
absorbing energy (safely) for crumple zone

seat belt restrains /prevents collision with steering wheel /

windscreen MAX B2

QWC SPAG (less than four errors) B1

use of technical language B1

Total: 10

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