LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION

AND

ADMINISTRATION (LEA 1N)

NAME OF THE STUDENT

PLINKY JADE S. ACOG

NAME OF THE PROFESSOR

THERESIL MARIE C. LAPEZ, Ph.DCJ

 CHAPTER I

EVALUATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION AND

ADMINISTRATION IN THE PHILIPPINES: STUDY CONTEXT AND
LITERATURE (Philippine National Police)

Overview and Introduction

This study focuses on the responsibilities and roles of the Philippine

National Police (PNP) officer and how they view their as the important day-to-day
responsibility based on where they assign in the operational unit. Republic Act
6975 entitled An Act Establishing the Philippine National Police under a
reorganized Department of the Interior and Local Government and Other Purposes
as amended by RA 8551 Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization
Act of 1998 and further amended by RA 9708. The Philippine National Police is an
armed national police force in the Philippines. The Organization is administered
and regulated by the National Police Commission and is part of the Department of
Interior and Local Government (DILG). Local police officers are under
organizational supervision of municipal mayors. DILG, on the other hand,
organizes trains and equips the PNP to conduct police duties as a national and
civilian police force. The Philippine National Police (PNP) shall be a community
and service oriented agency responsible for the maintenance of peace and order
and public safety. The PNP shall be so organized to ensure accountability and
uprightness in police exercise of discretion as well as to achieve efficiency and
effectiveness of its members and units in the performance of their functions. The
PNP shall, with the active cooperation of the community, enforce the law, deter
and monitor crimes, preserve peace and order, and ensure public safety and
internal security.

Goals and Objectives of the Discourse

This study aims to provide information to the students who aspire to become
a PNP Officer as their future profession. This interview was conducted to be able
to know and understand how the Philippine National Police (PNP) officers view
their work as the most important day-to-day responsibilities and to know why they
choose that career instead of having another job. Also, to have knowledge on the
possible actions that they will perform and how they are going to respond if they
will encounter difficult situations related to their duties. The interviewer wants the
tasks and duties of becoming a PNP officer to be determined and clarified. In
addition, the reasons why the Philippine National Police was created and how
important it is for the community should be identified. Through this, people will be
able to determine the efficacy, importance, and intent of having this organization in
our country.

Review of Related Literatures

According to Martinez V.V., The Philippine National Police play an

important role in the development and progress of the community. It is one of the

implementing mechanisms of peace and order which has the primary task of

ensuring that peace and order prevail in the community and the municipality in
general. Peace and order in local communities translates to a sense of a shared

feeling of security among the citizens. People who have this sense of security are

more likely to participate in community activities that aim to improve the

livelihood and well-being of all. In this sense, the maintenance of peace and order

is part of the foundation for genuine, community-based development. This study

was conducted to determine the level of satisfaction of community residents on the

service delivery of the Philippine National Police and utilized the descriptive

correlational research design. This design described the profile of the PNP and

community residents and correlated the profile with the level of satisfaction of

community residents on the PNP delivered services. The main instrument used in

the study was questionnaire and interviews were also conducted to support the

responses given in the questionnaire. The data were analyzed and tabulated using

frequency counts and percentages. The weighted mean was used to measure the

satisfaction of the community residents on the PNP services. From the emerged

findings of study, it is therefore concluded that the PNP members are performing

their functions in maintaining peace and order in the community. The positive

responses of the residents are a reflection that the PNP have efficiently provided

the services as mandated in their functions as peacekeepers. From the results of

this study, it is recommended that the Philippine National Police should sustain its
outstanding performance and further capacitate itself to provide swift response to

emergency cases in the community.

CHAPTER II

EVALUATION OF DESIGN AND METHODS

Study Site

The locale of the interview was conducted at the Bohol Provincial Crime
Laboratory Office located in Camp Francisco Dagohoy, JA Clarin St. Tagbilaran
City. Upon entering at the camp, you can see four officers, two officers wearing
camouflage attire and two officers wearing personal protective equipment that will
check the body temperature and will spray sanitizer in the hands for sanitation
because of the accordance of the Covid-19, as well ask a question about what is
your business in entering the camp. When given permission to enter, locating the
Crime Laboratory, it is just straight ahead and can easy located because it is just
located in front of the Armed Forces and Police Savings and Loans Association,
Inc. (AFPSLAI).

Informant

The informant was a man and he is already engaged, he is a kind gentleman

and a silent type of person. He graduated with the Bachelor of Science in
Criminology course in college. His current rank is Police Lieutenant, PLT he is the
chemist in the Bohol Provincial Crime Laboratory Office. He has a fair skin,
adequate height and body shape, perfectly fit for a police officer. He was an
approachable person and easy to talk, he agreed immediately to be the informant.

Process Evaluation

1. Field Visits

It was afternoon at 3:00 pm when we arrived at the Camp Francisco

Dagohoy. There were four police officers upon entering the camp, two officers
wearing camouflage attire with armed equipment, and the two officers were
wearing personal protective equipment; all of them were wearing masks and a face
shields. When we entered, there was a small guard house, we can also see there is a
tennis court on the left side, there were people playing inside in the tennis court.
There were police officers and patrol vehicles going in and out of the camp. There
are also police officers gathered on the platform sitting in chairs and performing an
exercise through watching a video.

2. Interview

Before we start to interview our informant, we introduce our selves and we

let him see the questions that we had prepare based on what is given by our
instructor for the interview that we will conduct, we also did have a short
conversation. During the interview, the officer was very well mannered and very
kingly. Some officers were talking to us to lead us to him, and the others came
outside the office and gave the informant some privacy. He shared his experiences
that he had been through to follow this career when we were interviewing him. He
was excellent at conversation and he clarified his point of view very well. With no
hassle, the interview went smoothly and we could completely understand what the
informant was trying to say. All of our exchanged conversation was recorded in
audio. As the interview ended we give our sincere gratitude of Thank you to him
for answering our questions.

3. Observation

Based on my observations, at that time, there were a number of officers in

the camp. Outside and inside the office, there are police, but there are more officers
who can be seen outside rather than inside the office. When we got there,
particularly when there was an exercise program that was going on, the camp was
clean and lively. There were several individuals on the tennis court, too. At the
Highway Patrol Group Headquarters, there were several vehicles parked (HPG).
There were about six officers at the time when we went inside the Crime
Laboratory office. The desk was full of records and reports at the office where we
conducted the interview; some of them were stacked up. There are also those on
the cellophane wrapped like bottles of medication. In the space there was a two
table and also there was another room which is the informant's office. There was a
police patrol car full of police officers behind it on our way out.
 CHAPTER III

VIEWS AND CONCEPT ON THE TOPIC “LAW ENFORCEMENT

ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION WORK-JOB

1. Why did you choose a career with PNP?

“My family, my father is a police officer, and then my brother is a Criminologist.

In college I take the course of Bachelor of Science in Criminology BS CRIM, that
time I wasn’t sure in choosing a career with PNP. I just experienced it based on my
private life, when I did teach in public schools, because it is well establish and
stable and also a !0 year retirement is good. My knowledge of Chemistry, and there
is also a Crime Lab in PNP so it’s a good job for me.”

2. What are your main responsibilities in the community as PNP officer?

“The time was Rodrigo Roa Duterte was newly elected as the President of the
Philippines, his rule was on the war on drugs, and the role in the community on
part is to more on to knowledge the students and the locals on how dangerous is
the illegal drugs, what will happen if you engaged to it, and what are the
punishment for committing to it. Patrolling in the place, is also a way to help the
community, because many individuals will be caught, and as well based on our
research and way we testify in court, we have many individuals who is convicted
and surrendered, so it’s a big help for the community.”
3. What role in the community do you feel you serve?

“Since in the crime lab, my part is in the SOCO, what role I serve in the
community is more on crime, because crime lab is more on crime solution, not
crime prevention. There are cases that are needed of evidences of the crime scene,
which will help in serving justice based on the evidences found in the crime
scene.”

4. Difficult experience she/he encounters, and how did she/he overcome it?

“First, especially we police officers we cannot decide the reassignment of where

we are assigned in placed. My first assignment was in Northern Samar, at that time
I don’t have the knowledge of their language “waray” and their culture, so I
flexibly adapt their culture and learn their language. Second, is the change of
management in the PNP, chief PNP, you know in the news in every 2-6 months
there is a change of leaders, so it’s difficult because they have their agendas that
we need to prepare ourselves, we don’t have a choice because PNP is more on
command, we can speak out nevertheless at the end we follow orders from them.”

5. How did you prepare the job of a police officer?

“Financially and Physically. Financially, cause in our application in PNP was in

Manila, not in Cebu. We were always flying back in because the next steps were
competitive exam, neurological exam, agility test, and other more that were on the
spot. There is this time a day before that we were to report back, so the book flight
ticket was so expensive. My most expensive book flight ticket was about 8k,
gratefully my parents was supportive. Physically, we all know that in PNP is more
on the power/strength, the body fit also, being a chemist is my strength I am not
into like push-ups, so this is how I prepare, before entering the PNP career. It is
hard, if you cannot overcome or adapt it, you will be embarrassed/humiliate
yourself.”

6. What is the most important duty of a police?

“I think the most important is which being a role model, because in PNP we are on
alert all the time, and on social media, because it is easily passed and can be easily
be taken action, especially in public. Being a role model with kindness and
uniformed in serving the community, that is the role of PNP.”

CHAPTER IV

ANALYSES AND FINDINGS

Analytic discourse and findings

This study aims to provide information to the students who aspire to become
a PNP Officer as their future profession. This interview was conducted to be able
to know and understand how the Philippine National Police (PNP) officers view
their work as the most important day-to-day responsibilities and to know why they
choose that career instead of having another job. Also, to have knowledge on the
possible actions that they will perform and how they are going to respond if they
will encounter difficult situations related to their duties. The interviewer wants the
tasks and duties of becoming a PNP officer to be determined and clarified. In
addition, the reasons why the Philippine National Police was created and how
important it is for the community should be identified. Through this, people will be
able to determine the efficacy, importance, and intent of having this organization in
our country. The data collected through the interview guide will be analyzed and
interpreted.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

Summary of Findings

Based on the information provided by the informant, the Philippine National

Police (PNP) has a great responsibility and role model in our society. Their duty is
to protect and serve our nation. They are responsible for ensuring public safety for
the city. Being a police officer is not only for crimes, it is also a matter of
protecting our society. They also teach students and the people of the city to be
safe and to be mindful of society. We don’t know what will happen, but they will
make sure that we will be kept safe, not only their goal is for crime prevention, but
also crime solution. The PNP are maintain peace and order to ensure the safety of
the people. It also aims to strengthen the capacity of LGUs to enhance their
performance and allow them to provide services to the community in an effective
and efficient manner to reduce crime and to continue to initiate policy changes in
support of local authorities. They are there when there are incidents, there are some
people who are hard-headed due to lack of discipline. They need to be disciplined
in such a way that they cannot make mistakes and that they cannot damage the
integrity of each person. Police officers have many skills, such as being open
minded, resilience and knowledge to be able to handle responsibilities, to be able
to remain calm in challenges or dangerous situations. They have good
interpersonal and communication skills. The key role in public relations is their
responsibility to ensure that the law is complied with and followed. At times,
individuals are physically prohibited from committing crime to the public.

Conclusions

The Philippine National Police (PNP) is committed to the word "proactive

police force." The word "proactive police" is used in this study to refer to all
approaches of law enforcement that have the prevention or reduction of crime and
disorder as one of their goals and are not reactive in terms of focusing exclusively
on the detection of ongoing crime or investigation or on the reaction to crimes after
they have occurred. In particular cases, proactive law enforcement is different from
the normal decisions of police officers to be proactive and also applies to the joint
attempts of police agencies to use proactive police responses to reduce crime in a
problematic manner.

Bibliography

Internet Website

https://pro7.pnp.gov.ph/main/mandate-and-functions/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_National_Police
https://www.chanrobles.com/republicactno8551.htm#.X9ThPGgzY2w

http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?

target=ijor:ijarmss&volume=8&issue=2&article=016

http://www.pnp.gov.ph/index.php/about-us#:~:text=The%20PNP%20shall

%20enforce%20the,active%20support%20of%20the%20community.&text=Law

%20Enforcement.,and%20bring%20offenders%20to%20justice.

TRANSCRIPT OF INTERVIEW
QUESTION ANSWER
1. Why did you choose a career with My family, my father is a police officer,
PNP? and then my brother is a Criminologist.
In college I take the course of Bachelor
of Science in Criminology BS CRIM,
that time I wasn’t sure in choosing a
career with PNP. I just experienced it
based on my private life, when I did
teach in public schools, because it is
well establish and stable and also a !0
year retirement is good. My knowledge
of Chemistry, and there is also a Crime
Lab in PNP so it’s a good job for me.
2. What are your main responsibilities in The time was Rodrigo Roa Duterte was
the community as PNP officer? newly elected as the President of the
Philippines, his rule was on the war on
drugs, and the role in the community on
part is to more on to knowledge the
students and the locals on how
dangerous is the illegal drugs, what will
happen if you engaged to it, and what
are the punishment for committing to it.
Patrolling in the place, is also a way to
help the community, because many
individuals will be caught, and as well
based on our research and way we
testify in court, we have many
individuals who is convicted and
surrendered, so it’s a big help for the
community.
3. What role in the community do you Since in the crime lab, my part is in the
feel you serve? SOCO, what role I serve in the
community is more on crime, because
crime lab is more on crime solution, not
crime prevention. There are cases that
are needed of evidences of the crime
scene, which will help in serving justice
based on the evidences found in the
crime scene.
4. Difficult experience she/he First, especially we police officers we
encounters, and how did she/he cannot decide the reassignment of where
overcome it? we are assigned in placed. My first
assignment was in Northern Samar, at
that time I don’t have the knowledge of
their language “waray” and their
culture, so I flexibly adapt their culture
and learn their language. Second, is the
change of management in the PNP,
chief PNP, you know in the news in
every 2-6 months there is a change of
leaders, so it’s difficult because they
have their agendas that we need to
prepare ourselves, we don’t have a
choice because PNP is more on
 command, we can speak out
nevertheless at the end we follow orders
from them.
5. How did you prepare the job of a Financially and Physically. Financially,
police officer? cause in our application in PNP was in
Manila, not in Cebu. We were always
flying back in because the next steps
were competitive exam, neurological
exam, agility test, and other more that
were on the spot. There is this time a
day before that we were to report back,
so the book flight ticket was so
expensive. My most expensive book
flight ticket was about 8k, gratefully my
parents was supportive. Physically, we
all know that in PNP is more on the
power/strength, the body fit also, being
a chemist is my strength I am not into
like push-ups, so this is how I prepare,
before entering the PNP career. It is
hard, if you cannot overcome or adapt it,
you will be embarrassed/humiliate
yourself.
6. What is the most important duty of a I think the most important is which
police? being a role model, because in PNP we
are on alert all the time, and on social
media, because it is easily passed and
can be easily be taken action, especially
in public. Being a role model with
kindness and uniformed in serving the
community, that is the role of PNP