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Good Health: Short Answer Questions

This document discusses good health and nutrition. It defines nutrients, a balanced diet, and what a food pyramid conveys. It differentiates between communicable and non-communicable diseases. Communicable diseases spread through germs while non-communicable are caused by nutrient deficiencies. The roles of exercise, rest, and vaccination in prevention are outlined. Examples of deficiency diseases like night blindness and goiter caused by vitamin A and iodine deficiencies are provided. Ways to prevent diseases like beriberi, rickets, and anemia through nutrient-rich diets are also summarized.

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Minal Patil
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192 views

Good Health: Short Answer Questions

This document discusses good health and nutrition. It defines nutrients, a balanced diet, and what a food pyramid conveys. It differentiates between communicable and non-communicable diseases. Communicable diseases spread through germs while non-communicable are caused by nutrient deficiencies. The roles of exercise, rest, and vaccination in prevention are outlined. Examples of deficiency diseases like night blindness and goiter caused by vitamin A and iodine deficiencies are provided. Ways to prevent diseases like beriberi, rickets, and anemia through nutrient-rich diets are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Minal Patil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Good Health

Short answer questions-

1) What are nutrients? Name the five main nutrients.

Ans) Special substances present in the food we eat are called nutrients. There are
five main nutrients- carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.

2) What is a balanced diet?

Ans) A balanced diet is a diet that contains all the nutrients in the correct quantities.

3) What does a food pyramid tell us?

Ans) A food pyramid tells us what to eat to make our diet a healthy one.

4) Differentiate between communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases.

Ans) The difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases is as


follows-

Communicable Diseases Non-communicable Diseases


Diseases that spread from one person Non-communicable disease do not
to another are known communicable spread by the transfer of germs from
disease. one person to another
They are caused by very tiny organisms They are caused when there is a
called germs. deficiency of a particular nutrient in
our diet.

5) What is vaccination?

Ans) Vaccination is the process of injecting a substance into someone’s body to


protect against a disease.

Long Answer Questions-

1) Explain why the following nutrients are needed by our body- carbohydrates,
proteins, vitamins and minerals.

Ans) Carbohydrates give energy to our body.

Proteins help in growth. They also help in repairing the tissues of the body and in
healing small cuts and wounds.
Vitamins keep our body fit and help it to resist diseases. Minerals help our body to
grow well and develop properly.

2) What should the balanced diet of school- going children include?

Ans) The balanced diet of school-going children should include the following-

- Rice, chapattis, whole wheat bread or maize in each meal


- Three servings of milk or equivalent amounts of curd, cheese and other milk
products in a day.
- Plenty of seasonal fruits and vegetables each day
- A little fat (oil or butter)
- Six to eight glasses of clean, fresh drinking water in a day.

3) Explain the role of exercise and rest in staying healthy and fit.

Ans) Our body gets tired after doing work. The muscles are fatigued. To feel
refreshed and energetic again, we must take rest and sleep. In addition to eating a
balanced diet, it is also important to exercise regularly and take enough rest.
Exercise increases the flow of blood to the muscles and keeps us fit and healthy.

4) What is a disease? Explain any two modes of transmission of communicable


diseases.

Ans) A disease is a condition when our body does not function normally. Two modes
of transmission of communicable diseases are as follows-

Air- Coughing or sneezing by a person releases germs into the air. When a healthy
person breathes this air, germs enter his or her body. These germs then cause
various diseases such as common cold, influenza, diphtheria and whooping cough.

Infected food and water- Sometimes, food and water may be infected by germs.
When flies carrying germs sit on our food, they pass the germs to our food, When
we eat this infected food, we fall sick. Impure water also contains germs. Drinking
this water can make us fall sick. Cooking and eating food with dirty hands infects
food and water.

5) How can the following help to prevent communicable diseases? Vaccination,


purifying water, removing stagnant water from coolers.

Ans) Vaccination is an effective way of preventing communicable diseases. There


are different vaccines for different diseases. When the vaccine of a particular
disease enters our body, our body becomes capable of killing the germs of that
disease. So, we develop resistance to that disease.
Boil or purify drinking water. A water purifier cleans the water. Germs can also be
removed by boiling water for 25 minutes. Store water in clean, covered containers.

Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water. Keep the water coolers dry when not in use.

6) Why non-communicable diseases are also called deficiency diseases? How are
night blindness and goitre caused?

Ans) Non-communicable diseases do not spread by the transfer of germs from one
person to another. They are caused when there is a deficiency of a particular
nutrient in our diet. That is why they are also called deficiency diseases.

Night blindness is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin A

Goitre is caused due to the deficiency of iodine.

7) How can the following diseases be prevented? Beriberi, Rickets, Anaemia

Ans) Beriberi can be prevented by taking a diet rich in unpolished rice, fish, meat
and cereals.

Rickets can be prevented by taking a diet rich in milk, fish, butter and eggs.

Anaemia can be prevented by taking a diet rich in green leafy vegetables such as
spinach, brinjal and fruits such as apples, dates, guavas and bananas and jiggery,
meat and liver.

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