Draft Report

COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF POLLUTED RIVER STRETCHES

AND PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN OF RIVER GODAVARI
FROM NASIK D/S TO PAITHAN

Funded by

Submitted by

Aavanira Biotech P. Ltd.

Kinetic Innovation Park, D-1 Block,
Plot No. 18/1, MIDC Chinchwad,
Pune 411 019, Maharashtra, India,
Email: [email protected], Web: www.aavanira.com
March 2015

1
 INDEX
Chapter Contents Page
Numbers
7
1 Introduction
1.1 Importance of Rivers 8
1.2 Indian Rivers 8
1.3 River Godavari and its Religious Significance 8
1.4 Salient Features of Godavari Basin 9
1.5 Geographical Setting of River Godavari 11
1.6 Godavari River System 12
1.7 Demography of River Godavari 13
1.8 Status of Rivers in India 14
1.9 River Water Quality Monitoring and River Conservation 14

2 Methodology of Survey 16
2.1 Background of the Study 17
2.2 Methodology 17
2.2.1 Primary Data Generation 18
2.2.2 Secondary Data Generation 19
2.3 Identification of Polluted River Stretches 19
2.4 Statistical Analysis 21
3 Study Area 22
3.1 Background of Present Study 23
3.2 Selection of Sampling Locations 23
3.3 Geographical Setting of Polluted River Stretches 24
3.4 Major Cities/ Towns on Polluted River Stretches 28
3.5 An insight of the Cities/ Towns Located of Polluted River 28
Stretches of Godavari from Nasik D/s to Paithan
3.6 Villages on the Banks of River Godavari 32
4 Observation 40

4.1 Observations of Polluted Stretches 41

4.1.1 U/s of Gangapur Dam, Nasik 41
4.1.2 D/s of Gangapur Dam to Someshwar Temple 42
4.1.3 Someshwar Temple to Hanuman Ghat 43
4.1.4 Hanuman Ghat to Panchavati at Ramkund 44
4.1.5 Panchavati at Ramkund to Tapovan 45
4.1.6 Tapovan to Kapila Godavari Confluence Point 46
4.1.7 Kapila Godavari Confluence Point to Saikheda 47
4.1.8 Saikheda to U/s of Paithan, Jayakwadi 48
4.1.9 U/s of Paithan, Jayakwadi to D/s of Paithan, Pathegaon 50

4.1.10 D/s of Paithan, Pathegaon to Jayakwadi Dam, Raher 51

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 53
5 River Water Analysis
5.1 River Water Analysis by Maharashtra Pollution Control 54
Board under National Water Quality Monitoring Program
5.2 Present River Water Analysis 65
5.3 Discussions and Conclusions on the Results 71
5.4 Temperature 71
5.5 Electrical Conductivity 72
5.6 Dissolved Oxygen / Biochemical Oxygen Demand / 73
Chemical Oxygen Demand
5.7 Trace Metals and Pesticides 75
5.8 Chlorides and Sulphates 75
5.9 Total Coliform 76
6 Action Plan 77

6.1 Preamble 78
6.2 De-siltation of Gangapur Dam 78
6.3 Religious Activities Impacting River Quality 78
6.4 Disposal of Nirmalya 79
6.5 Collection of Domestic Wastewater 80
6.6 Status of Sewer 80
6.7 Maintenance and Up-gradation of STPs 80
6.8 Industrial Wastewater 81
6.9 Other Recommendations 81
7 References 82

List of Tables

Table Particulars Page No.

No.
1. Salient features of Godavari Basin 9
2. Principal Tributaries of River Godavari and its Length in 12
km
3. Parameters and Methods Adopted for Analysis 18
4. Polluted River Stretches of River Godavari 21
5. Sampling Locations in River Godavari 23
6. Major Cities/ Towns on Polluted River Stretches 28
7. Details of STPs in Nasik City 30
8. List Villages along The Bank of River Godavari under 33
Study Area With Total Population (Census 2011)
9. Salient Features of Jayakwadi Project 50
10. Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution 55
Control Board at Godavari River at U/s of Gangapur
Dam
11. Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution 56
Control Board at Godavari River near Someshwar
Temple
12. Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution 57

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 Control Board at Godavari River at Hanuman Ghat
13. Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution 58
Control Board at Godavari River at Ramkund
14. Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution 59
Control Board at Godavari River near Tapovan
15. Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution 60
Control Board at Godavari River at Kapila Godavari
Confluence Point
16. Water Quality Monitored at by Maharashtra Pollution 61
Control Board Godavari River at Saikheda
17. Water Quality Monitored at by Maharashtra Pollution 62
Control Board Godavari River at U/s of Jayakwadi Dam
at Tokka
18. Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution 63
Control Board at Godavari River at D/s of Jayakwadi
Dam, Pathegaon
19. Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution 64
Control Board at Godavari River at Raher
20. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari River at U/s of 65
Gangapur dam
21. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari near Someshwar 66
Temple
22. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari near Hanuman 66
Ghat
23. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Panchavati at 67
Ramkund
24. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Tapovan 67
25. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Kapila Godavari 68
Confluence
26. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Saikheda 69
27. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at U/s of Paithan 69
Jayakwadi, at Tokka
28. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at D/s of Paithan, 70
Pathegaon
29. Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Jayakwadi, 70
Raher

List of Figures

Figure Particulars Page No.

No.
1. State Wise Distribution of Godavari Basin 11
2. Temperature Variation during January 2015 71
3. Electrical Conductivity Variation during January 2015 72
4. Dissolved Oxygen Variation during January 2015 73
5. Biological Oxygen Demand Variation during January 73
2015
6. Chemical Oxygen Demand Variation during January 74

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 2015
7. DO, BOD and COD Variation During January 2015 74
8. Sulphate and Chloride Variation During January 2015 76

List of Photos

Photo Particulars Page No.

No.
1. Washing of Cloths and Nirmalya at U/s of Gangapur 42
Dam
2. Washing of Cloths near Someshwar 43
3. Human Activities at Hanuman Ghat 44
4. Human Activities at Ramkund 45
5. Polluted Stretch at Tapovan 46
6. Extensive foam formation at the Discharge of Tapovan 47
STP in Godavari
7. Brick Making on the Banks of Godavari River at 48
Saikheda
8. Human Activities at U/s of Jayakwadi 49
9. Human Activities at D/s of Pathegaon 51
10. Godavari River at Raher 52

List of Annexure

Annexure Particulars Page No.

No.
1. List of Water Polluting Industries in Satpur Zone of 85
Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation,
Nasik Division

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 Acknowledgement
Aavanira Biotech P. Ltd. (ABPL) gratefully acknowledges the Maharashtra
Pollution Control Board (MPCB) for entrusting the study. We sincerely thank
Hon’ble Mr. P.M. Joshi, Regional Officer – Aurangabad, Mr. V.V. Shinde, Regional
Officer – Nasik and Mr. A. S. Fulse Regional Officer – Retd.

The support and guidance provided by the following officials of Maharashtra

Pollution Control Board is gratefully acknowledged Mr. Anand Katole, Sub
Regional Officer, Aurangabad – 1 and Mr. Ravi Andhale, Sub-Regional Officer,
Sub-Regional Officer Nasik.

We are also thankful to Medical Officer of Nasik Municipal Corporation for

providing data, Social activists for valuable inputs at the time of focus group
discussions. We also express our thanks to Mr. Ashok Alawani, Chief Engineer
(Retd.), Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran for his support and technical advice.

Dr. Bhushan Pachpande meticulously helped in editing and final preparation of

reports. The support and technical inputs retendered by him is highly
acknowledgeable.

I also express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Bikash Aich (Director - ABPL) and Dr.
Vikram Ghole (Govt. Analyst) for their support and encouragement. I also
commend the painstaking efforts made by Analysts, Chemists, Microbiologist and
field experts of ABPL.

We hope that action plan will be implemented for polluted river stretches of river
Godavari, Nasik D/s to Paithan and it will help in making pollution free river.

Thanking You

Yours Faithfully,
For Aavanira Biotech P. Ltd.
Rahul Sawant
Manager - Environment

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 1
Introduction

7
1.1 Importance of Rivers
From time immemorial, the rivers are said to be the lifeline for living beings,
as all types of developments, directly or indirectly relate to them. That is why all
the oldest civilizations developed at the bank of rivers e.g. Indus Valley at Indus,
Egypt at Nile, Babylon at Tigris, Mesopotamia between Euphreatus and Tigris.
Even the old cities were located at the bank of rivers considering river as lifeline.
Being so close to human activities, rivers are sink of terrestrial and aquatic
pollution. Water contamination weakens or destroys natural ecosystems that
support human health, food production and biodiversity. Livelihoods such as
agriculture, fishing and animal husbandry are affected by poor water quality.
Biodiversity, especially of fresh water ecosystems is under threat due to water
pollution. The most polluting source for rivers is the city sewage and industrial
waste discharge. Agricultural run-off, or the water from the fields that drains into
rivers, is another major water pollutant as it contains fertilizers and pesticides.

1.2 Indian Rivers

India is a blessed country when water sources come into question which is
available in the form of numerous rivers and lakes. Rivers in India play important
social and economic roles. The 29,000 km of riverine resource of the country
comprises 14 major rivers (catchment area >20,000 km²), 44 medium rivers
(catchment area between 2,000 and 20,000 km²) and innumerable minor rivers
(catchment area <2,000 km²). They can be grouped into five major river systems:
the Ganga, the Brahmaputra and the Indus river systems in the north, and the
east and west coast river systems in the Peninsular India. The East Coast River
System is a composite system of rivers. Its main constituents are Mahanadi,
Godavari, Krishna and Cauvery. The total combined length is about 6,437 km.
This system drains the entire Peninsular India (from the east of Western Ghats in
the west to the Bay of Bengal in the east) and southern parts of Central India
(including Chhota Nagpur hill ranges).

1.3 River Godavari and its Religious Significance

Apart from Ganga and Yamuna, Godavari also holds the special religious
importance in India. Godavari is one of the sacred river in India. According to the
puranas river Ganga should only be visited after the visit to the Godavari. There

8
are several temples and pilgrimage places on the banks of the river. Godavari, is
the second longest river in India after the river Ganges is also referred as
"Dakshin Ganga or "Ganga of South". It is one of the large river basins and the
only river in India that flows from west to east.
After every twelve years millions of devotees are organized at Nasik for
major bathing festival called as Pushkaram (Kumbh Mela) is held on the banks of
the Godavari river. According to mythological stories and verses of epics the
drops of Amrita or nectar fell at the Godavari River in Nasik when Lord Vishnu
flew from earth to heaven after Samudra Manthan. That is the reason why the
place is considered sacred and is of great importance amongst Hindus. In the
lunar month of Magh when Sun and Jupiter are in Leo (Singh Rashi) zodiac sign
Kumbh Mela is held at Trimbakeshwar in Nasik. The fair is celebrated with full
passion and keenness in Nasik as one can evidence and about millions of pilgrims
come here to wash away their sins in the holy river, Godavari. The two bathing
ghats, Ramkund and Kushavarta holy reservoirs appreciate faith and belief of
thousands of sadhus, holy men and millions of pilgrims as they take dips in holy
river Godavari on the specific date and at specific time. Apart from Kumbh Mela
hindus perform may religious rituals at river Godavari.

1.4 Salient Features of Godavari Basin

River basin has been recognized as an ideal and practical unit of water
resources management because it allows the holistic understanding of upstream-
downstream hydrological interactions and solutions for management for all
competing sectors of water demand. Hence it is essential to understand basic
characteristics of particular river basin. Salient features of Godavari basin are
depicted in Table 1.
Table 1 Salient Features of Godavari Basin
Sr. Feature Description
No.
1. Basin Extent 73°24’ to 83°4’ E
16°19’ to 22°34’ N
2. Area (Sq. km) 312812.00 (CWC Reported)

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3. States in the basin Maharashtra – 48.7%
Andhra Pradesh – 23.7%
Madhya Pradesh – 7.8%
Odisha – 5.7%
Karnataka – 1.4%
Chhattisgarh – 12.4%
Puducherry – 0.01%
4. Districts (Census 2011) 55
5. Mean Annual Rainfall (mm) 1093.21
6. Mean Maximum Temperature (o C) 33.04
7. Mean Minimum Temperature (o C) 20.63
8. Highest Elevation (m) 1664
9. Avg. Annual Water Potential (BCM) 110.540
10. Utilizable Surface Water (BCM) 76.30
11. Number of Sub Basins 8
12. Number of Watersheds 466
13. Number of water resources structures Dams (921) Barrages (28) Weir
(18) Anicuts (1) Lifts (62) Power
House (16)
14. Highest Dam Bandardhara Dam -82.35 m
15. Longest Dam Sriramsagar(SRSP)/Pochampad
dam-15.6 km
16. Highest Barrage Kolar barrage-15.5 m
17. Longest Barrage Kolar barrage-1.195 km
18. Number of Irrigation projects Major-70
Medium-216
ERM-6
19. Number of HE projects 14
20. Number of Ground water observation 1875
wells
21. Number of Hydro-Observation Sites 88
22. Number of Flood Forecasting Sites 18
23. Water tourism sites 53

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1.5 Geographical Setting of River Godavari
The river Godavari rises at an elevation of 1067 m in the Western Ghats
near the Triambak hills in the Nasik district of Maharashtra. The Godavari is the
second largest basin and accounts for nearly 9.5% of the total geographical area
of the country. It extends over states of Maharashtra 147320.65 Sq.km. (48.7%),
Andhra Pradesh 71797.49 Sq.km. (23.7%), Chhattisgarh 37463.28 Sq. km.
(12.4%) and Odisha 17213.97 Sq. km (5.7%) in addition to smaller parts in
Madhya Pradesh 23767.44 Sq. km (7.8%), Karnataka 4469.3 Sq. km. (1.4%) and
Union territory of Puducherry 36.94 Sq. km (0.01%). Graphical representation of
state wise distribution of Godavari basin is represented in Figure 1.

Figure 1 State Wise Distribution of Godavari Basin

The basin falls in the Deccan Plateau lying between 73°24’ to 83°4’ east
longitudes and 16°19’ to 22°34’ north latitudes. The basin is bounded on the north
by the Mahadeo Hills, the Satmala Hills, on the north-west by the Ajanta Range,
on the west by the North Sahyadri range of the Western Ghats, on the east and
south-east by the Eastern Ghats and on the south by the Balaghat Range. The
interior part of the basin lies in Maharashtra Plateau, the greater part of which is at
an elevation of 300-600 m sloping eastward. The eastern part of the basin is
majorly covered by the Dandakaranya Range with the Eastern Ghats forming the

11
eastern boundary of the peninsula. The geographical setting of the basin is shown
in Map 1 below-
Map 1 Geographical Setting of Godavari Basin

1.6 Godavari River System

The largest tributary of the Godavari is the Pranhita with about 34.87%
coverage of drainage area. The Pravara, Manjira and Maner are right bank
tributaries covering about 16.14%, the Purna, Pranhita, Indravathi and Sabari are
important left bank tributaries, covering nearly 59.7% of the total catchment area
of the basin. The Godavari in the upper, middle, and lower reaches make up for
the balance 24.16%. The particulars of the catchment area, length, elevation of
the source points of the river and its tributaries in the order of their occurrence
along the length of the main river are indicated in the Table 2 below-

Table 2: Principal Tributaries of River Godavari and its Length in km.

Sr. Name of River Elevation Length of Catchment
No. of Source Tributary area
(km) (sq.km.)
1. Upper Godavari (source to 1,067 675 33502
Manjira confluence)
2. Pravara 1,050 208 6537

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3. Purna 838 373 15579
4. Manjira 823 724 30844
5. Middle Godavari (between 323 328 17205
confluence points Manjira
and Pranhita)
6. Maner 533 225 13106
7. Penganga 686 676 23898
8. Wardha 777 483 24087
9. Pranhita 640 721 61093
10. Lower Godavari (Pranhita 107 462 24869
confluence to sea)
11. Indravati 914 535 41665
12. Sabari 1,372 418 20427

1.7 Demography of River Godavari

Demographics are the quantifiable statistics of a given population. On the
basis of the 2001 census, and the percentage of each district, within the basin, the
total population in the basin works out to about 60.48 million. The population
density ranges from 25-50 persons per Sq. km to 500-1000 persons per Sq. km.
The important urban centers in this basin are Nagpur, Ambejogai, Ballarpur,
Bhandara, Buldhana, Chalisgaon, Hinganghat, Hingoli, Manmad, Nandurbar,
Osmandabad, Parli, Pusad, Shrirampur, Udgir, Latur, Kamptee, Ahmadnagar,
Parbhani, Aurangabad, Wardha, Bid, Nasik, Chandrapur, Jalna, Nanded,
Yavatmal, Amalner, and Gondiya in Maharashtra; Jagdalpur in Chhatisgarh,
Chiklikalan, Parasia, Chindwara, Seoni, Balaghat in Madhya Pradesh,
Rajahmundry, Nizamabad, Ramagundam, Eluru, Warangal, Khammam,
Kothagudem, Karimnagar, Bhimavaram, Kakinada, Adilabad, Bellampalle,
Bodhan, Jagtial, Kagaznagar, Mancherial, Mandamarri, Narsapur, Nirmal,
Palacole, Palwancha, Sangareddy, Siddipet, Siricilla, Tadepalligudem and Tanuku
in Andhra Pradesh; Bidar in Karnataka; and Jeypur in Orissa.

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1.8 Status of Rivers in India
In India, most of the major rivers are badly polluted resulting in non
compliance of the water quality standards specified for best designated uses of
the specified river stretches. Almost 70 percent of the surface water resources
and groundwater reserves are contaminated by inorganic, biological, toxic and
organic pollutants. In many cases, these sources have been rendered unsafe for
human consumption as well as for other activities. Due to draught conditions and
limited releases from dams in the downstream river stretch during non monsoon
months, the minimum required flow in the river is not maintained at many places.
The degraded water quality and inadequate quantity contribute to water scarcity
and ecological stress.

1.9 River Water Quality Monitoring and River Conservation

Considering the fact, Government of India has undertaken initiative through
the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) which has established a network of
monitoring stations on rivers across the country. The present network comprises
of 2500 stations in 28 States and 6 Union Territories spread over the country. The
monitoring network covers 445 Rivers, 154 Lakes, 12 Tanks, 78 Ponds, 41
Creeks/Seawater, 25 Canals, 45 Drains, 10 Water Treatment Plant (Raw Water)
and 807 Wells. Among the 2500 stations, 1275 are on rivers, 190 on lakes, 45 on
drains, 41 on canals, 12 on tanks, 41 on creeks/seawater, 79 on ponds, 10 Water
Treatment Plant (Raw Water) and 807 are groundwater stations. Presently the
inland water quality-monitoring network is operated under a three-tier program i.e.
Global Environmental Monitoring System (GEMS), Monitoring of Indian National
Aquatic Resources System (MINARS) and Yamuna Action Plan (YAP).

The monitoring data from the CPCB on water quality of rivers in India from
1995 to 2011 has identified 150 polluted stretches based on the oxygen
consuming substances (bio-chemical demand) and indicator of pathogenic
bacteria (total colliform and faecal colliform). The result of such analysis shows
that there is gradual degradation in water quality. The number of observations
having BOD and colliform density has increased during 1995 to 2011.

14
 There are certain initiatives are taken up by the Government for pollution
abatement program. The National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) in the
Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change is implementing the
Centrally Sponsored Schemes of National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) and
National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Eco-systems’(NPCA) for conservation
of rivers, lakes and wetlands in the country.

The objective of the River Action Plans is to improve water quality of rivers
through implementation of pollution abatement schemes in identified polluted
stretches of rivers. NPCA aims at conserving aquatic ecosystems (lakes and
wetlands) through implementation of sustainable conservation plans, and
governed with application of uniform policy and guidelines.

The river conservation program in the country was initiated with the
launching of the Ganga Action Plan (GAP) in 1985. The Ganga Action Plan was
expanded to cover other rivers under National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) in
the year 1995. NRCP, excluding the GAP-I, GAP-II and National Ganga River
Basin Authority (NGRBA) program presently covers polluted stretches of 40 rivers
in 121 towns spread over 18 States at a sanctioned cost of ₹5334.97 crore.

In Maharashtra there are four rivers are considered under the NRCP
namely Panchaganga, Tapi, Krishna and Godavari.

15
 2
Methodology of Survey

16
2.1 Background of the Study
Considering the ever increasing problem of river water pollution, Central
Pollution Control Board (CPCB) decided to carry out comprehensive study on
polluted river stretches. Hence accordingly directions were given to Maharashtra
Pollution Control Board (MPCB) to carry out such comprehensive studies on
prescribed river stretches. Godavari is important river of India, it is popularly called
as Dakshin Ganga (South Ganga) hence comprehensive study of Godavari river
was supposed to assess polluting sources, requirement of environmental flow,
sewage generation from cities/ towns located on banks of river, contribution of
industrial sources and probable treatment technologies need to be adapted.
Hence to complete this study following objectives were determined.

Objectives
• To assess the polluting sources
• To estimate the pollution load reaching to river
• To carryout detailing of pollution sources viz. large, medium and small
scale industries
• To collect data and assess operating / requirement regarding pollution
abatement infrastructure.
• To quantify domestic pollution
• To procure information on river water quality
• To assess environmental flow
• To study existing STPs/ ETPs/ CETPs and other infrastructure available
• To suggest additional requirement to infrastructure
• To suggest long term and short term action plan from above findings

2.2 Methodology
The present study includes field investigations, water sampling of identified
polluted stretches and its detailed analysis. The samples after detailed study have
been checked for the various anthropogenic activities and their impacts on the
river environment. The field study was carried out during the period January 2015.
In order to achieve the objectives mentioned above following appropriate
techniques was used. The data collection was done to cover the best possible
17
data for every polluted stretch. Data generation is done by two techniques,
Primary data generation and Secondary data generation.

2.2.1 Primary Data Generation

To assess the river water quality and ground truthing field visits, sample
collection and focus group discussion were carried out at all locations. The sample
collection, preservation and analysis of samples were done as per methods given
in the manual of American Public Health Association (APHA, 2001) and IS each
water sample were analyzed for below physico-chemical and microbiological
parameters. The parameters assessed and methods used are depicted in Table 3
below -
Table 3: Parameters and Methods Adopted for Analysis.
Sr. No. Parameter Units Method adapted
o
1. Temperature C
IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
--
2. pH IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2. Electrical Conductivity µS/cm
IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3. Chlorides as Cl
mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
4. Sulphate as SO4 APHA :22ndedition -(4500- SO42-
mg/lit E)
5.
DO mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6. IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
BOD mg/lit
7. IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
COD mg/lit
8. Aluminium as Al IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
mg/lit
9. Arsenic as As IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
mg/lit
10. Cadmium as Cd IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
mg/lit
11. Chromium as Cr IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
mg/lit
12. Iron as Fe IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
mg/lit
13. Nickel as Ni IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
mg/lit
14. Lead as Pb IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
mg/lit
15. Zinc as Zn IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
mg/lit
16. Pesticides mg/lit APHA :22ndedition
17. Total Coliform MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
18. Fecal Coliform MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

18
2.2.2 Secondary Data Generation
Secondary data played a vital role in gathering qualitative and quantitative
data regarding river water quality, industrial locations, treatment technologies
adapted for STPs/ ETPs with their locations, demographic pattern of cities/ towns
and villages, land use pattern of study area, pollution abetment measures
implemented by various authorities.
Secondary data also collected and referred for action plan suggested by
National Environmental Research Institute, Nagpur (NERI). Performance
evaluation of Sewage Treatment Plants under NRCD by Central Pollution Control
Board (CPCB). Performance Benchmarking of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
in Maharashtra by CETP University, District Socio-Economic Reviews by
Directorate of Economics and Statistics, City Sanitation Plan and Environmental
Status Report by Nasik Municipal Corporation. Integrated Hydrological Data Book
by Central Water Commission. Report on Godavari Basin published by India-
WRIS WebGIS (a joint venture of Central Water Commission (CWC) and National
Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Indian Space Research Organization). District
Industrial Profile by MSME. Annual Reports by Maharashtra Pollution Control
Board etc.
Various researchers did research and published numerous scientific
research papers on polluted river stretches and river Godavari. Findings of these
research papers are also referred.

2.3 Identification of Polluted River Stretches

CPCB is monitoring the water quality in India under National Water Quality
Monitoring Program. The water quality data is analysed and monitoring locations
exceeding the water quality criteria are identified as polluted locations with respect
to risk. Priority levels of polluted stretch are based on the risk. Risk is defined as;

RISK = FREQUENCY OF VIOLATION OF CRITERIA X CONSEQUENCE

(MAGNITUDE)

The degree of violation is with respect to water quality criteria for drinking
water source with conventional treatment with respect to BOD. The polluted

19
locations in a continuous sequence are defined as polluted river stretches.
Criteria for Priority 1
• Monitoring locations exceeding BOD concentration 30 mg/l has been
considered as it is the standard of sewage treatment plant and in river it
appears without dilution.(River locations having water quality exceeding
discharge standards for BOD to fresh water sources)
• All monitoring locations exceeding BOD concentration 6 mg/l on all
occasions.
• Monitoring locations exceeding 3 mg/l BOD are not meeting desired water
quality criteria but does not affect to Dissolved Oxygen level in water
bodies. If BOD exceeds 6mg/l in water body, the Dissolved Oxygen is
reduced below desired levels.
• The raw water having BOD levels upto 5 mg/l are does not form complex
chemicals on chlorination for municipal water supplies. Hence the water
bodies having BOD more than 6 mg/l are considered as polluted and
identified for remedial action.

Criteria for Priority 2

• Monitoring locations having BOD between 20-30 mg/l.
• All monitoring locations exceeding BOD concentration 6 mg/l on all
occasions.

Criteria for Priority 3

• Monitoring locations having BOD between 10-20 mg/l.
• All monitoring locations exceeding BOD concentration 6 mg/l on all
occasions.
Criteria for Priority 4
• Monitoring locations having BOD between 6-10 mg/l.

Criteria for Priority 5

• Monitoring locations having BOD between 3-6 mg/l.
• The locations exceeding desired water quality of 3mg/l BOD.

20
The polluted locations in a continuous sequence are defined as polluted river
stretches. Polluted river stretches on river Godavari is depicted in Table 4 below -
Table 4: Polluted River Stretches of River Godavari.
River Polluted Stretch Monitoring Location
Godavari Nasik D/s to Paithan U/S of Gangapur Dam, Nasik
Near Someshwar Temple
Hanuman Ghat, Nasik
Panchavati at Ramkund
Tapovan
Kapila Godavari, confl.Point,
Tapovan
Saikheda
U/s of Paithan, Jayakwadi
D/s of Paithan, Pathegaon
Jayakwadi Dam, Raher

2.4 Statistical Analysis

To know the general status of the river Godavari, the earlier monitored data
from the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board was procured and studied for the
important parameters.

21
 3
Study Area

22
3.1 Background of Present Study
As mentioned above the polluted river stretches are identified by CPCB,
Now CPCB directed state pollution control boards for comprehensive study on
polluted river stretches and preparation of action plans for various rivers.
Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) vide its letter No.
MPCB/ROA/1598/2014 dated 25/08/2014 awarded work of Comprehensive Study
on Polluted River Stretches and Preparation of Action Plan of River Godavari from
Nasik D/s to Paithan. In the present study with the help of TOR suggested by
Central Pollution Control Board, sincere efforts were made to understand features
of Godavari river basin, location of cities and towns on identified stretches,
pollution load exerted by large scale and small scale industries, estimation of
water quality of polluted river stretches and preparation of action plan for river
Godavari.

3.2 Selection of Sampling Locations

Sampling locations are selected in consultation with Maharashtra Pollution
Control Board and polluted river stretches identified by CPCB and are represented
in Table 5. The sampling stations were selected in districts of Maharashtra such
as Nasik, Aurangabad and Nanded. Whereas study area covers districts namely
Nasik, Ahmednagar, Aurangabad, Parbhani and Nanded. The present study
covered the stretch of the river in Maharashtra State only. Whereas entire river
stretch under study is passing through districts Nasik, Ahmednagar, Aurangabad,
Jalna, Beed, Parbhani and Nanded.
Table 5: Sampling Locations in River Godavari.
Sr. No. Sampling Locations Village Taluka District
1. U/s of Gangapur Dam Gangapur Nasik Nasik
2. Near Someshwar Temple Nasik city Nasik Nasik
3. Hanuman Ghat Nasik city Nasik Nasik
4. Panchavati at Ramkund Nasik city Nasik Nasik
5. Tapovan Nasik city Nasik Nasik
6. Kapila-Godavari Nasik city Nasik Nasik
Confluence Point
7. Saikheda Saikheda Niphad Nasik

23
 8. U/s of Paithan, Jayakwadi Tokka Nevasa Ahmadnagar
9. D/s of Paithan, Pathegaon Pathegaon Paithan Aurangabad
10. Jayakwadi dam, Raher Raher Nayagaon Nanded

3.3 Geographical Setting of Polluted River Stretches

For better understanding of geographical stetting of polluted river stretches
Google images are given below-

U/s of Gangapur Dam

U/s of Gangapur dam to Someshwar temple

24
 Someshwar Temple to Hanuman Ghat

Hanuman Ghat to Panchvati at Ramkund

Panchvati at Ramkund to Tapovan

25
Tapovan to Kapila Godavari Confluence

Kapila Godavari Confluence to Saikheda

Saikheda to U/s of Paithan, Jayakwadi

26
D/s of Paithan, Pathegaon

Jayakwadi Dam, Raher

27
3.4 Major Cities/ Towns on Polluted River Stretches
Major cities/ towns on polluted river stretches are Trimbakeshwar, Nasik,
Kopargaon, Paithan, Gangakhed and Nanded. Administrative details of these
cities/ towns are represented in Table 6.
Table 6: Major Cities/ Towns on Polluted River Stretches.
Sr. Name of City/ Name of Class of Population Sewage
No. Town Administrative Local Body as per Treatment
District Census Facility
2011 Available
1. Trimbakeshwar Nasik C class 168,423 Yes
Municipal
Council
2. Nasik Nasik B class 1,486,053 Yes
Municipal
Corporation
3. Kopargaon Ahemadnagar B class 65,273 No
Municipal
Council
4. Paithan Aurangabad C class 41,536 No
Municipal
Council
5. Gangakhed Parbhani B class 49,891 No
Municipal
Council
6. Nanded Nanded C class 550,439 Yes
Municipal
Corporation

3.5 An insight of the Cities/ Towns Located of Polluted River Stretches of

Godavari from Nasik D/s to Paithan
Trimbakeshwar, Trimbak is a taluka situated in Nasik District in the state
of Maharashtra at a distance of 28 km from Nasik- Jawahar road. Trimbak is
located at 19°56'0"N 73°33'0"E at an elevation of 720 metres (2362 feet).
Trimbakeshwar town is an ancient Hindu Pilgrim centre located at the origin of the
Godavari river. Godavari river originates from Bramhagiri mountains at
Trimbakeshwar. The Lord Shiva temple at Trimbakeshwar was built by
Nanasaheb Peshwa and is worshipped by recitations Rudra, Maha Rudra or Ati
Rudra puja. Trimbak falls under "C" class Municipal Council. Trimbakeshwar is
considered as the most sacred town in India. The Hindu belief is that those who
visit Trimbakeshwar attain salvation or Moksha. This place is believed to be the

28
holiest and ideal place to do Shraddha ceremony, a Hindu ritual for the salvation
of the soul. Rituals like Ganga Pujan, Ganga Bhet, Deh Shuddhi Prayaschitta,
Tarpan Shraddha, Vayan, Dasha Dana, Gopradan etc. are performed in
Trimbakeshwar. The serene ambiance and the pleasant climate make the town of
Trimbakeshwar a hot spot for nature loving tourists apart from Hindu pilgrims. It is
dedicated to Lord Shiva and is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas.

Water Supply and Sewage Generation: The source for water supply to
Trimbak city is Amboli dam at a distance of 11 km from Trimbakeshwar. The
capacity of the dam is 129.37 ML/ft2. The water reservation for the city is 26
MCFT. During 2003, during Sinhastha Kumbhmela, a sewage treatment plant is
constructed with MBR technology. The plant is located at the back side of the
Shiva Temple with a capacity of 1.0 MLD.

Nasik, located at 20° 02' N and 73° 50' E. The third-largest city located in
northern Maharashtra at 600m above Mean Sea Level, is the district headquarters
of Nasik District and an important node of the industrial triangle, with Pune and
Mumbai. Nasik is famous for its grape, vineyards and is also an important pilgrim
center. Spread over 259.13 sq.km. Population is projected to cross 3 million in
2026 and 5 million in 2041. Nasik forms North West part of Maharashtra with
diverse landscape made up of Deccan trap, plateau, hills, linear ridges and alluvial
plains. The main rivers flowing in the district is Godavari and its tributaries
Kashyapi, Darna, Girna, Kadwa and Nasardi (Nandini), Mula, Prawara,
Panjarakan, Gomai etc. Nasik city is an important and famous ancient city of
Maharashtra. The banks or the Ghats of the river Godavari are considered to be
sacred. People take holy dip in the “Kundas” (Ponds) constructed on the river
banks. Panchavati is one of the densely populated areas of Nasik where
Ramkund is a unique place of religious importance at all the times, especially in
the “Kumbhamela”.
Nasik is also known as holy city, many temples and ghats like
Trimbakeshwar, Panchavati, Sita Gumpha, Kalaram temple, Godavari temple,
Tapovan, Ramkund, Hanuman ghat, Dutondya Maruti has religious importance.
Ramkund is a unique place of religious importance at all the times, especially in

29
the “Kumbhamela”. Temples and ghats on the banks of Godavari have made
Nasik one of the holiest places for Hindus all over the world. Devotes offer pujas
and perform rituals at Dakshin Ganga “Godavari”. Whereas offerings increase
organic load in the river. On several occasions, large numbers of people gather at
such locations. Due to the sudden huge gathering of people at one time, a number
of problems are generated, which adversely affect the environment and public
health. The problems arising out of such activities mainly associated with mass
bathing, cloth washing, idol immersion, nirmalya visarjan etc.

Water Supply Sewage Generation and Treatment: Nasik city receives

piped water from two sources Gangapur dam headwork’s on river Godavari, which
supplies almost 1.6 million residents of NMC area and Headwork’s on river Darna
which services Nasik Road area. Presently Nasik Municipal Corporation is
pumping 392 MLD raw water from these two sources. The average supply of
drinking water to citizen is at 150 LPCD. Nasik has Sewage Treatment Plants
having combined capacity of 270.5 CMD and all are operating. Details of STPs
are mentioned in Table 7 below
Table 7: Details of STPs in Nasik City.
Sr. No. Name of STP Qty. of effluent
MLD
1. Tapovan STP 130
2. Chechedi STP 42
3. Panchak STP 28.5
4. Agar takli 210
5. Total 270.5
Source: Studies on Rejuvenation of River Godavari by NEERI

Industrial zones: There are two industrial estates namely Satpur having
1600 Acres and 750 no. of units and Ambad having 1400 Acres area with 850
nos. of units. List of Water Polluting Industries in Satpur Zone of Maharashtra
Industrial Development Corporation, Nasik Division is attached as an annexure.
Till 2014 there was no Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) in this region for
the combined treatment of effluent generated from small scale units of water
polluting industries. Individual treatment schemes are constructed by the
respective water polluting industries. The MIDC has not provided any
underground drainage system for collection of industrial and domestic waste

30
water. It is the need of the hour to provide common effluent treatment plant in
these industrial areas. Hence recently an initiative has been taken up for the
construction of CETP at MIDC for 1 MLD capacity. In addition to the these
industrial zones, variety of major water intensive industries have come up like
India Bulls, The Eklahare Thermal Power Plant is also located at the downstream
of Nasik and its water requirement is met by releases from Gangapur dam on
River Godavari, managed by Irrigation department.

Kopargaon, Situated in 19°54' north latitude and 74°33' east longitude.

Kopargaon is the head-quarters of the taluka. Municipality was established in
1947. Kopargaon Municipal Council is a B class Municipal Council. Water source
for Kopargaon Municipal Council is Darna and Nandur Madhyameshwar dam.
Water consumption of Kopargaon Municipal Corporation is 11 MLD and Quantity
of domestic effluent generated is 7 MLD whereas there is no adequate treatment
facility available to treat the sewage generated. Sanjivini (Takli) S.S. K. Ltd. is
located in close proximity of river generating trade effluent 313 CMD and
Domestic effluent 104 CMD. Godavari Biorefineries Ltd is also located in close
proximity of river where as industry is not generating effluent.

Paithan an ancient town in the Aurangabad district is located on the north

bank of the river Godavari. A shrine of saint Eknath Maharaj rests on the banks of
river Godavari. Paithan Municipal Council is a C class Municipal Council. Having
water consumption 2.4 MLD and Sewage generation is of 1.7 MLD. There is no
adequate treatment facility available to treat the sewage generated. No effluent
generating industries were identified from river pollution point of view.

Gangakhed, is a city and a municipal council in Parbhani district. It is

situated on the bank of Godawari river it has largest number of various temples on
the bank of the holly river. Water sources for town is Godavari and Masoli river.
Water consumption for town is 5 MLD. Domestic waste water generation is 3.5
MLD. There is no adequate treatment facility available to treat the sewage
generated. No effluent generating industries were identified from river pollution
point of view.

31
 Nanded is one of the historical places in Marathwada region of
Maharashtra State. It is situated on the north bank of Godavari river. It is famous
for Sikh Gurudwaras. Nanded City is getting treated water from the W.S. operated
by Corporation and CIDCO. The total supply is considered at 135 lpcd. City is
having Godavari River as source with four head works situated on the banks of
Godavari 2 in submergence of Shankar Sagar (Vishnupuri Dam) and two
downstream of Dam. Treated water is served to CIDCO from WTP of capacity
12.5 MLD. Major Part of the city is being served with the WTP having capacity 60
MLD. Presently average rate of water supply is 85 LPCD. There are two STPs
available having capacity of 87 MLD and 30 MLD.

3.6 Villages on the Banks of River Godavari

Villages located within 3 Km play important role in contribution of pollution
load as they are located in close proximity of river and having no sewage
treatment facilities. Due to close proximity of river villagers utilize river water for
agriculture, washing of cloths, cattle, brick making, vehicle washing and open
defecation etc. Since Godavari is religiously important river many temples are
found in these villages. Villagers and devotees visit temples and perform many
religious rituals hence it is important to know population of these villages to
roughly estimate pollution load exerted in river. List of villages with total population
(census 2011) is depicted in Table 8 below-

32
Table 8: List Villages along The Bank of River Godavari under Study Area
With Total Population (Census 2011).
Sr Name of Village Total Sr Name of Village Total
No. Population No. Population
1 Talwade Trimbak 2,277 31 Kothure 5,022
2 Beze 1,072 32 Kurudgaon 1,102
3 Rajewadi 1,239 33 Karanjgaon 5,256
4 Chokore 371 34 Chapadgaon 1,347
5 Ganeshgaon 1,707 35 Kathargaon 1,929
Trimbak
6 Ganeshgaon Naik 1,191 36 Bhuse 2,027
7 Pimpalgaon 1,501 37 Dindori 1,702
Garudeshwar
8 Shivangaon 1,049 38 Tamaswadi 2,288
9 Ozarkhede 2,877 39 Khangaon Thadi 1,633
10 Nagalwadi 1,105 40 Nandur 4,693
Madhyameshwar
11 Mahadeopur 1,708 41 Tarukhedle 2,135
12 Sawargaon 722 42 Sarole Thadi 2,600
13 Yashawantnagar 849 43 Khedale Zunge 3,620
14 Matori 2,843 44 Bramnhanwadi 1,182
15 Shivangaon 1,049 45 Karanji Kh. 1,470
16 Nandur 1,458 46 Somthane 3,344
17 Eklahare 350 47 Baktarpur 5,159
18 Shilapur 2,436 48 Kanlad 1,146
19 Odha 3,321 49 Morvis 1,140
20 Lakhalgaon 4,282 50 Chas 3,893
21 Lalpadi 959 51 Manjur 2,779
22 Sawali 801 52 Dhamori 5,159
23 Chatori 5,882 53 Maygaon Devi 2,008
24 Jogaltembhi 1,516 54 Suregaon 12,230
25 Darna Sangvi 1,765 55 Kolpewadi 5,449
26 Shimpi Takali 1,687 56 Velapur 3,027
27 Nagapur 2,005 57 Kolgaon Thadi 2,055
28 Chandori 12,594 58 Malegaon Thadi 2,737
29 Shingave 5,237 59 Mahegaon 4,146
Deshmukh
30 Gondegaon 993 60 Dharangaon 3,498

33
Sr Name of Village Total Sr Name of Village Total
No. Population No. Population
61 Kumbhari 3,137 91 Deogaon Shani 709

62 Hingani 1,023 92 Chenduphal 904

63 Dauch Bk. 1,197 93 Ghogargaon 3,693

64 Dauch Kh. 2,069 94 Jainpur 1,524

65 Chandgavhan 950 95 Haibatpur 74

66 Ghari 1,632 96 Suregaon Gangapur 1,660

67 Kokamthan 10,932 97 Usthal Khalsa 973

68 Sade 1,470 98 Borgaon 1,178

69 Shingave 4,258 99 Bhalgaon 869

70 Rastapur 1,887 100 Mamdapur 846
71 Puntamba 13,098 101 Bagadi 1,711

72 Dongaon 2,321 102 Jamgaon 6,709

73 Nandur Dhok 1,028 103 Washim 459

74 Lakhganga 1,014 104 Toka 1,369
75 Matulthan 1,471 105 Pravarasangam 3,645

76 Babulgaon 1,338 106 Kaygaon 3,442

77 Babhulgaon 816 107 Mhalapur 116

Ganga
78 Jafrabad 863 108 Amalner 2,298
79 Naur 2,246 109 Mangalapur 2,762
80 Rampur 913 110 Galnib 2,048

81 Govardhanpur 756 111 Suregaon 12,230

82 Wanjargaon 1,770 112 Suregaon Turf 719
Dahigaon
83 Bhalgaon 1,542 113 Ager Wadgaon 1,785

84 Dagpimpalgaon 1,261 114 Warkhed 2,712

85 Nagamthan 3,094 115 Malewadi Dumala 739

86 Khanapur 2265 116 Ramdoha 1,622

87 Humrapur 660 117 Savkheda 2,333

88 Bhamathan 2,277 118 Lohagaon Kh 1,620

89 Bajathan 1,310 119 Lohagaon Bk. 2,809

90 Kamalpur 1,018 120 Mankapur 243

34
Sr Name of Village Total Sr Name of Village Total
No. Population No. Population

121 Dahigaon Ne 6,520 151 Surlegaon 1,752

122 Vaijapur 1,595 152 Balegaon 1,178

123 Dhakephal 2,368 153 Apegaon 642

124 Amrapur 773 154 Rakshasbhuwan 3,495

125 Pimpalwadi 404 155 Panchaleshwar 2,161

126 Erandgaon 4,242 156 Mhalas 737

Pimpalgaon
127 Lakhefal 753 157 Sasht Pimpalgaon 4,491

128 Karhetakli 1,543 158 Gahininath Nagar 570

129 Telwadi 1,060 159 Gandhari 1,125

130 Chanakwadi 867 160 Shahgadh 7,866

131 Pathegaon 1,871 161 Sawaleshwar 836

132 Panthewadi 36 162 Khamgaon 1,064

133 Waghadi 779 163 Padalsingi 2,822

134 Wadvali 2,399 164 Walkeshwar 2,113
135 Dadegaon 2,343 165 Nagzari 1,184
Jahadir
136 Mayagaon 851 166 Kuran 1,239

137 Naigaon 1,198 167 Sangam Jalgaon 983

138 Mungi 6,611 168 Hingangaon 1,025

139 Maygaon 851 169 Gondi Kh 842
140 Madke 1,119 170 Patharwala Bk. 3,357

141 Apegaon 2,204 171 Gondi 6,809

142 Navgaon 8,319 172 Hasnapur 211

143 Borgaon Bk. 2,190 173 Katchincoli 1,318

144 Awade 997 174 Pangulgaon 387

Uchegaon

145 Patharwala Kh 438 175 Mirgaon 929

146 Guntegaon 1,264 176 Kothala Kh. 945

147 Takli Ambad 919 177 Ganga Chincholi 1,126

148 Patharwala Bk. 438 178 Indalgaon 371

149 Gulaj 3,881 179 Pandhari 971

150 Hiradpuri 3,397 180 Sadegaon 2,190

35
Sr Name of Village Total Sr Name of Village Total
No. Population No. Population

181 Bhogalgaon 1,804 211 Sawargaon Bk. 1,054

182 Daithana Kh. 1,079 212 Kalegaon Thadi 655

183 Jogaladevi 1,249 213 Changtpuri 1598
184 Borgaon Thadi 750 214 Golegaon 2,239

185 Ramasgaon 2,172 215 Purushottampuri 2,697

186 Raheri 1,770 216 Sultanpur 794

187 Shevta 1,498 217 Landakdara Tanda 527

188 Banegaon 816 218 Sawangi Ganga 1,285

Kinara
189 Gangawadi 2,003 219 Jawala Zute 1,777
190 Soundalgaon Bk 1,189 220 Nathara 2,187

191 Bhoggaon 1,923 221 Sadola 3,272

192 Rajapur 2,006 222 Banegaon 1,200
193 Kathoda 905 223 Manjarath 1,150
194 Mangrul 3,240 224 Mardasgaon 2,277
195 Golegaon 1,451 225 Chhatra Borgaon 1,682

196 Rampuri 4,196 226 Gopegaon 1,431

197 Mudregaon 1,166 227 Patoda Ganga 937
Kinara
198 Shripat 692 228 Niwali 754
Antarwala
199 Ukkadgaon 1,032 229 Somthana 1,529
200 Gopat 672 230 Dhalegaon 976
Pimpalgaon
201 Dhalegaon 931 231 Adola 226
202 Shivangaon 1,449 232 Tura 1,742

203 Tape Nimgaon 706 233 Masala Tanda 537

204 Bhadli Kh 1,616 234 Gangamasla 3,225

205 Raja Takli 4,191 235 Gunj Kh 2,048

206 Gavhan Thadi 1,005 236 Sonna Thadi 2,478

207 Bhadli Kh 1,616 237 Andhapuri 1,247
208 Kaudgaon Thadi 515 238 Mogra 977

209 Gunj Bk 3,845 239 Pimpri Kh 1,235

210 Dubba Thadi 518 240 Digras 413

36
Sr Name of Village Total Sr Name of Village Total
No. Population No. Population

241 Umara 2,323 271 Mairal Sawangi 1,286

242 Khatgavhan 1,072 272 Mohala 378

243 Daku Pimpri 1,589 273 Pohandul 1,200
244 Tarugavhan 451 274 Mahatpuri 4,856

245 Pohner 3,455 275 Brahmanathwadi 1,084

246 Limba 3,908 276 Khali 2,006

247 Telasmukh 920 277 Shankarwadi 1,283

248 Limba Tanda 334 278 Anandwadi 632

249 Anandnagar 1,028 279 Chinchtakli 998

250 Vita Bk. 2,151 280 Khali 1,838

251 Wanisangam 1,019 281 Sunegaon Sayala 369

252 Vita Kh. 1,271 282 Dusalgaon 805

253 Waghalgaon 548 283 Muli 2,783
254 Mudgal 2,163 284 Bhambarwadi 478
255 Lasina 1,531 285 Zola 2,199

256 Wangi 711 286 Pimpri Zola 2,345

257 Ukkadgaon 1,032 287 Angalgaon 1,316

258 Wadi 495 288 Masla 1,895

Pimpalgaon
259 Thadi 706 289 Kharbada 920
Pimpalgaon
260 Ganga pimpri 994 290 Wazur 4,191

261 Golegaon 183 291 Raorajur 3,221

262 Rampuri 2,555 292 Dhanewadi 822
263 Lohigram 720 293 Devthana 882

264 Hatkarwadi 1,611 294 Khurlewadi 700

265 Lohigram Tanda 380 295 Umarthadi 708

266 Sakharam Tanda 706 296 Deulgaon 3,355

Dhudhate
267 Sirori 893 297 Arkhed 1,510
268 Dharasur 4,190 298 Golegaon Palam 833

269 Kanhegaon 2,354 299 Someshawar 469

270 Khadaka 2,242 300 Phala 2,323

37
Sr Name of Village Total Sr Name of Village Total
No. Population No. Population

301 Mumber 1,078 331 Rahathi Bk 3,354

302 Pharkanda 2,993 332 Markand 1,468

303 Banegaon 502 333 Pimpalgaon 2,494
Koraka
304 Digras 2,322 334 Boragaon Telang 1,072

305 Mahagaon 2,033 335 Kalhal 846

306 Barbadi 836 336 Vishnupuri 6,910

307 Sawangi Thadi 330 337 Sugaon Bk 1,540

308 Mithapur 250 338 Dhanegaon 9,809

309 Kantheshwar 1,344 339 Elechpur 291

310 Bhogaon 777 340 Fattepur 1,181

311 Pimpalgaon Sarangi 713 341 Injegaon 875

312 Rahati 507 342 Gadegaon 1,031

313 Sategaon 1,557 343 Degaon Bk. 2,635
314 Dhangar Takli 3,765 344 Wadi Janji 183
315 Dutka 871 345 Pathrad 2,160

316 Gunj 640 346 Dhanaj 1,047

317 Anteshwar 918 347 Mugat 6,422
318 Runj Tarf Parbhani 926 348 Siddhanath 834
319 Satephal tarf 2,528 349 Punegaon 1,691
kaulgaom
320 Dhanora motya 2,927 350 Wadgaon 1,673
321 Penur 1,559 351 Basri 2,238
322 Bharaswada 653 352 Devapur 1,276
323 Bet Sangvi 3,412 353 Kakandi 3,613

324 Kawalgaon 5,273 354 Devapur 1,186

325 Someshwar 1,061 355 Chincholi P.U. 696

326 Gangabet 638 356 Kamlaj 1,899

327 Jaitapur 705 357 Kaudgaon 604
328 Wahegaon 785 358 Malkautha 3,894

329 Bhanagi 539 359 Yeli 1,710

330 Rahathi 507 360 Mahati 581

38
Sr Name of Village Total
No. Population

61 Chilpimpri 1,178

362 Donwada 1,129

363 Khujda 1,136

364 Hangiranga 1,341

365 Barbada 7,383

366 Bhayegaon 1,167

367 Rahathi Kh. 1,246

368 Manur 1,487

369 Manur Tarf Ba 1,456

370 Ijjatgaon 2,024

371 Mahati 977

372 Rui Kh 1,096

373 Endala 349
374 Sangvi 471
375 Kaudgaon 1,269

376 Dhanaj 1047

377 Hassa 988

378 Hussa 1,694

379 Singnapur 662

380 Kawalguda Bk. 566

381 Kawalguda Kh 587

382 Raher 2675

Source:http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/Searchdata.aspx

39
 4
Observations

40
4.1 Observations of Polluted Stretches
4.1.1 U/s of Gangapur Dam, Nasik In the study area, upstream of Gangapur
dam there are two other dams constructed for water storage viz. Kashyapi and
Gautami-Godavari dam. Kashypi Dam, is an earth fill dam on Kashyapi river a
tributary of Godavari near Rajapur, Nasik, it is constructed on U/s of Gangapur
Dam. Gross storage capacity is 52,690.00 km3 (12,641.00 cu mi). Gautami
Godavari Dam is constructed on U/s of Gangapur Dam on river Gautami tributary
of Godavari at near village Beze Tal. Trimbakeshwar, Dist. Nasik. Gross storage
of Dam is 1879 mcft. Gangapur dam reservoir located at 10 Km upstream of Nasik
city is the main source of water for domestic and industrial use in Nasik city. The
dam is near village Gangawadi and is 10 Km. from Nasik city. This is an earthen
dam constructed from 1954 to 1963. The total catchment area of the dam is 357.4
Sq.km. The total gross storage of the dam is 215.88 MCM (7624 mcft). The total
irrigable area of this dam is 15960 Ha. Due to deposition of silt, storage capacity
of Gangapur Dam has reduced to 5630 mcft, also due to increase in residential
zone (civilization) in command area of Nasik, Right Bank canal is closed. Since
1998, that land is given to Nasik Municipal Corporation for laying pipeline for
drinking water from Gangapur Dam. The water from Gangapur Dam is used for
irrigation through Nasik Left Bank canal. Dam water is used for drinking purpose
of Nasik Municipal Corporation.
It is reported that due to siltation storage capacity of Gangapur dam has
been reduced same cannot be denied in case of Kashyapi and Gautami –
Godavari dam. Sedimentation is a complex process which varies with watershed
sediment production, rate of transportation and mode of deposition. Sedimentation
reduces reservoir storage capacity for flow regulation and with it all water supply
and flood control benefits, navigation, recreation and environmental benefits that
depend on release from storage. Besides storage loss, many types of sediment
related problems can also occur both upstream and downstream of dams. The
combination of sediment trapping and flow regulation also has dramatic impact on
ecology, water quality, sediment balance, nutrient balance and river morphology.
Due to unique religious significance and the serene ambiance
Trimbakeshwar attracts pilgrims and tourist on large scale especially on occasions
like Kumbha Mela. This place is believed to be the holiest and ideal place to do
Shraddha ceremony, a Hindu ritual for the salvation of the soul. Rituals like Ganga

41
Pujan, Ganga Bhet, Deh Shuddhi Prayaschitta, Tarpan Shraddha, Vayan, Dasha
Dana, Gopradan etc. Due to Nirmalya visarjan, bathing, washing of cloths and
poor management of solid waste organic load increases. Temples, ashrams,
aakharas generally don’t have their own nirmalya collection facility.
A Trimbakeshwar town is a “C” Class Municipal Council. During 2003,
Sinhastha Kumbhmela, a sewage treatment plant is constructed with MBR
technology. The plant is located at the back side of the Shiva Temple with a
capacity of 1.0 MLD. The design of the plant was provided by IIT, Mumbai and the
plant was constructed by MJP. Performance of this STP was evaluated by CPCB
and it was then reported that status of STP is Operational (unsatisfactory) and
disposal of treated sewage released in Godavari/ irrigation. Open defecation,
washing of cloths and animals, nirmalya visarjan, farming at close proximity of
river are observed in the villages nearby river course and at the back water of
dams.

Photo 1: Washing of Cloths and Nirmalya at U/s of Gangapur Dam.

4.1.2 D/s of Gangapur Dam to Someshwar Temple, As mentioned above at the

U/s of Gangapur dam there is Trambak city, STP for Trambak city, Kashyapi,
Gautami-Godavari dams, religiously significant places and farms with cash crops
where as D/s of Gangapur dam is not much populated but farms having cash

42
crops are observed. No industries are identified with regard to effluent generation.
There are two nallas in the Someshwar area. Nalla 1 receives only sewage from
Someshwar area and has flow in all the seasons. The Nalla 2 carries domestic
solid waste along with sewage. This nalla at present has been diverted by NMC.
At present Someshwar nalla is diverted to Tapovan STP as this sewerage zone
does not have STP. The Someshwar temple is famous temple of lord Shiva,
located on the bank of Godavari river. At Someshwar, activities like washing of
clothes and vehicles were observed. Nirmalya (offerings) heaps are observed in
river as well as on the banks of river. Proper collection facility for nirmalya was not
observed at or nearby temple. Whereas river water arrested with the help of bund
and recreational facilities are available near river bank.

Photo 2: Washing of Cloths near Someshwar.

4.1.3 Someshwar Temple to Hanuman Ghat is at D/s of Someshwar temple,

farming or agricultural practices are relatively less after Someshwar temple.
Geographically Satpur MIDC is located at the U/s of Hanuman ghat. Chikhli nalla
carries wastewater from Satpur industrial zone thereby adding industrial pollution
to river Godavari. At Anandvalli, discharges of wastewater from unauthorized
slums are observed. Satpur Industrial area is spread across 1600 acres having

43
750 Industrial units (List of Water Polluting Industries in Satpur Zone of
Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, Nasik Division is attached as an
annexure) There is no Common Effluent Treatment (CETP) facility available till
date but recently an initiative has been taken up for the construction of CETP at
MIDC for 1 MLD capacity. The land has been approved by the competent
authorities for construction of CETP. U/s of Hanuman ghat is densely populated.
Open defecation, washing of vehicles, bathing and nirmalya visarjan was
observed.

Photo 3: Human Activities at Hanuman Ghat.

4.1.4 Hanuman Ghat to Panchavati at Ramkund, Panchavati is one of the

densely populated areas of Nasik where Ramkund is a unique place of religious
importance at all the times, especially in the “Kumbhamela”. It is a place for holy
dip. Daily thousands of people take a dip in Ramkund. During kumbha parva
Lakhs of people take holy dip in Ramkund. The belief is that God Rama use to
take a bath in Ramkund and the river takes a turn in ninety degree at this place.
Nirmalya visarjan, religious activities, bathing and Asthi visarjan are daily activities
at Ramkund. At U/s of Ramkund and Hanuman Ghat River receives sewage and
industrial load. Whereas at this particular site religious activities are prominent.
Stretch is mark with improper facilities for collection of Nirmalya and other solid

44
waste, bathing, washing of cloths, vehicles, Dashakriya vidhi and asthi visarjan.
Also at Ram ghat there is a “Bhaji Bajar”, throwing of vegetable waste, remains
etc. has been observed. It is also observed that temples don’t have their own
nirmalya collection facility. Plastic bags are observed in river, color of river water is
objectionable. Washing of vehicles also reported by local residents on the
occasions like Dussehra, Diwali, Padva etc.

Photo 4. Human Activities at Ramkund.

4.1.5 Panchavati at Ramkund to Tapovan, is at D/s of Ramkund. At upstream of

Tapovan there are religious places like Hanuman Ghat, Ramkund, Panchavati,
Ram ghat and many temples. Several religious rituals are performed here. U/s of
Tapovan is densely populated and there is no industrial or farming activity exists.
Washing of vehicles are reported during festive season. Throwing of garbage,
nirmalya from bridges were reported at the time of discussion with locals. In spite
of availability of public urinals and latrine open defecation was observed at
Tapovan.

45
 Photo 5: Polluted Stretch at Tapovan.

4.1.6 Tapovan to Kapila Godavari Confluence Point, is just after Tapovan on

the U/s of Kapila Godavari confluence religiously significant places like Hanuman
Ghat, Ramkund and Tapovan are located. Geographically Tapovan STP is
located after Kapila Godavari Confluence. STP having capacity of 78 MLD is
established at Tapovan in year 2003. It has Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Bioreactor
(UASB) technology. There are 2 UASB plants at Tapovan having capacity of 78
MLD and 58 MLD. The plant currently faces extensive foaming in UASB reactor,
aeration tank, polishing tank and at the final outlet in the river. The technology was
installed as a part of JnNURM. D/s of Kapila Godavari confluence there is
discharge of Tapovan STP which causes extensive foaming in river Godavari.
Kapila sewage pumping station located at junction of Godavari and Kapila having
capacity 7.5 MLD. Nasardi River meets Godavari at the D/s of Kapila Godavari
Confluence. Nasardi river flows through industrial and highly populated part of
Nasik. Agartakli STP located near Old Saikheda road having combined capacity of
210 MLD. Foam formation is observed at the outlet of STP. Panchak STP having
aggregate capacity of 28.5 MLD foam forming observed in river after discharge of
treated effluent. Nasik Thermal Power Station is located at Ekalahre generating
trade effluent 31210 CMD and Domestic effluent 2500 CMD same is utilized for

46
Ash handling, coal handling, dust suppression and remaining for gardening.
Indiabulls Realtech Thermal Power Plant is located at D/s of Nasik Thermal Power
Station generating 7421.0 CMD trade effluent and 3.2 CMD of domestic effluent
same has been recycle and reuse on land. A closed industrial unit of Armstrong
Energy Pvt. Ltd is located U/s of Ekalahre Thermal Power Station. Darna
confluence is near Darna Sangvi U/s of Saikheda.

Photo 6: Extensive foam formation at the discharge of Tapovan STP in

Godavari.

4.1.7 Kapila Godavari Confluence Point to Saikheda, River Darna arises from
Mukane dam and extends to join Godavari near village Darna sangvi. Near
Saikheda bridge brick making activities are observed in close proximity of river
bank, river water is lifted with the help of diesel operated or electric motors, raw
coal and heap of bagasse is dumped on river banks. Animal washing, bathing,
open defecation and washing of cloths are also observed.

47
 Photo 7: Brick Making on the Banks of Godavari River at Saikheda.

4.1.8 Saikheda to U/s of Paithan, Jayakwadi, after village Shilapur there is no

major industrial activity till Kopargaon. A Nandur – Madhyameshwar dam is
located just below the confluence of Kadwa and Godavari rivers at Nandur
Madhameshwar. Dam was constructed in 1907 - 13 across the river Godavari.
The water released from Gangapur and Darana water reservoirs is stored at
Nandur Madhameshwar and subsequently released from here through canals for
irrigation. Silts and organic matter that are carried away with water flow are
accumulated in the lake due to which islands and shallow water ponds are
created. This resulted in the biological enriched conditions by which aquatic
vegetation has been stabilized. Thus the site has turned into good wetland habitat
aptly described as “Bharatpur of Maharashtra”. Bird Sanctuary is located in
Niphad Tehsil of Nasik district in Western Maharashtra. Nandur-Madhmeshwar is
nice place for birding.
Kopargaon is the head-quarters of the Taluka. Kopargaon Municipal
Council is a B class Municipal Council. Water source for Kopargaon Municipal
Council is Darna and Nandur Madhyameshwar dam. Water consumption of

48
Kopargaon Municipal Corporation is 11 MLD and Quantity of domestic effluent
generated is 7 MLD whereas no adequate treatment facility available to treat the
sewage generated. Sanjivani (Takli) S.S.K. Ltd. is located near Godavari river
generating 313 CMD trade effluent and 104 CMD of domestic effluent. Godavari
Biorefineries Ltd. at Sakarwadi, and not generating any trade or domestic effluent.
Other than these industrial units there is no major industrial activities are
identified.
The confluence of Godavari and Pravara in Nevasa Taluka is at
Pravarasangam. It is considered to be a holy place for as the name indicated
there is a confluence of the rivers Pravara and Godavari at the place. There are
ancient temples at Pravara Godavari confluence Hindus perform religious rituals
at Pravara Sangm, nirmalya and asthi visarjan is observed at this site. At old
Pravara Sangam bridge asthi visrjan is observed.

Photo 8: Human Activities at U/s of Jayakwadi.

Jayakwadi project is situated in Maharashtra, on Godavari River. The

command area of the project is in five districts namely Aurangabad, Ahmednagar,
Parbhani, Nanded and Beed respectively. Salient features of the projects are
depicted in Table 9 below-

49
 Table 9: Salient Features of Jayakwadi Project.
Name of the Irrigation Project Jayakwadi Stage - I Major
Irrigation Project
Type of project Major
Engineering Type of Project Storage
Purpose of Project Irrigation
Name of the River Godavari
Status Completed
State Maharashtra
Inter-Basin Project No
Basin Godavari
Year of Start 1976
Approved Cost by Planning Commission 38.46
(Rs. in Crore)
Culturable Command Area (CCA) (Th ha) 183.64
Gross Command Area (GCA) (Th ha) 204.05
Potential Utilized (Th ha) 18.5
Net Irrigated Area(NIA) (Th ha) 141.64
Ultimate Irrigation Potential (Th ha) 126.53
Source: http://indiawris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Jayakwadi_Project_Stage-
I_JI00472

4.1.9 U/s of Paithan, Jayakwadi to D/s of Paithan, Pathegaon, Paithan a city

and a Municipal Council in Aurangabad district is located just below Jayakwadi
project on river Godavari. It is a “C” class Municipal Council. It is located on the
north bank of river Godavari. Paithan is one of the most historical and holy towns
in the south central part of the country. Paithan is located to the 55 km to the
south of Aurangabad city on State Highway No. 148 via Bidkin. The main source
of water to Paithan town is from Jayakwadi Dam, through Municipal Corporation.
Quantity of Water consumption is 2.4 MLD and estimated quantity of domestic
effluent is 1.7 MLD. Treatment facility is not available to treat domestic sewage.

50
 Photo 9: Human Activities at D/s of Pathegaon.

4.1.10 D/s of Paithan, Pathegaon to Jayakwadi dam, Raher, River flow is not
adequate from Jayakwadi dam. No major industrial activities are seen in this area
where as area is under cash crops like sugar cane. Villages are in close proximity
with riverbed and no treatment facility available to treat domestic sewage.
Washing of cloths, animals, vehicles and open defecation in and around reviver
bed is observed. Gangakhed town and a Municipal Council is located in this
stretch. source of water for town is Godavari and Masoli rivers. Estimated quantity
of water consumption is 5 MLD and waste water generation estimated to 3.5 MLD.
There is no adequate treatment facility available to treat the domestic sewage.
Nanded, is the second largest city in the Marathwada Division of Maharashtra.
Nanded is one of the historical places in Marathwada region of Maharashtra State.
It is situated on the north bank of Godavari river. It is famous for Sikh Gurudwaras.
Nanded City is getting treated water from the W.S. operated by Corporation and
CIDCO. The total supply is considered at 135 lpcd. City is having Godavari river
as source with four head works situated on the banks of Godavari 2 in
submergence of Shankar Sagar (Vishnupuri Dam ) and two downstream of Dam.
Nanded City is having three WTP. Oldest WTP is commissioned in 1985 of Cap.
27 MLD. Treated water is served to CIDCO from WTP of capacity 12.5 MLD.

51
Major Part of the city is being served with the WTP having capacity 60 MLD.
Presently average rate of water supply is 85 LPCD. There are two STPs available
having capacity of 87 MLD and 30 MLD. Raher is a village having population
2,675 (census 2011) is located at the D/s of Nanded.

Photo 10: Godavari River at Raher.

52
 5
River Water Analysis

53
5.1 River Water Analysis by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board under
National Water Quality Monitoring Program

Government of India has undertaken initiative through the Central Pollution

Control Board (CPCB) which has established a network of monitoring stations on
rivers across the country. The present network comprises of 2500 stations in 28
States and 6 Union Territories spread over the country. The monitoring network
covers 445 Rivers, 154 Lakes, 12 Tanks, 78 Ponds, 41 Creeks/Seawater, 25
Canals, 45 Drains, 10 Water Treatment Plant (Raw Water) and 807 Wells. Among
the 2500 stations, 1275 are on rivers, 190 on lakes, 45 on drains, 41 on canals, 12
on tanks, 41 on creeks/seawater, 79 on ponds, 10 Water Treatment Plant (Raw
Water) and 807 are groundwater stations. Presently the inland water quality-
monitoring network is operated under a three-tier program i.e. Global
Environmental Monitoring System (GEMS), Monitoring of Indian National Aquatic
Resources System (MINARS) and Yamuna Action Plan (YAP).

In Maharashtra there are four rivers are considered under the NRCP
namely Panchaganga, Tapi, Krishna and Godavari.

The detailed analysis of the Godavari river sampling stations with respect
to important parameters on monthly basis under this schemes were carried out by
Maharashtra Pollution Control Board and the results are mentioned in tables
below-

54
Table 10: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
at Godavari River at U/s of Gangapur Dam.

Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.92 5.5 2.2 24 0.27 22
February 7.66 5.9 2 20 3.81 34
March 7.54 6.4 2 16 0.41 22
April 7.88 6.1 2 28 0.24 22
May 7.63 5.9 2.4 24 2.8 170
June 7.61 6 2.2 20 0.194 14
2014 July 8.19 6.7 3 16 2.27 12
August 7.82 7.1 3 20 0.923 60
September 7.99 5.1 3.2 16 0.0166 50
October 8.52 4.3 3.4 16 0.6936 70
November 7.84 5.8 3.2 20 0.6396 70
December N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Average 7.87 5.89 2.60 20.00 1.12 49.64

January 8.06 7 3 16 1.654 21

February 7.84 6.9 3 16 1.073 21
March 7.61 6.9 3 12 2.49 22
April 7.81 6.8 3 12 0.593 30
May 7.48 6.9 3 16 0.704 34
June 7.69 6.2 2 16 0.418 33
2013 July 7.78 6.6 2.4 18 0.0759 11
August 7.29 7 2.4 20 1.08 22
September 8.11 6.6 2.4 20 0.87 22
October 8.08 5.7 2.8 24 0.49 22
November 7.38 7.1 2.2 20 0.72 22
December 7.8 5.9 2 20 0.51 40
Average 7.74 6.63 2.60 17.50 0.89 25.00

January 7.73 6.4 3 24 0.663 8

February 7.47 6.5 3 20 0.545 9
March 8.25 6.5 3 12 0.041 9
April 7.5 6.4 4 16 0.221 9
May 7.22 6.5 3 12 0.18 13
June 7.5 6.6 3 16 0.069 11
2012 July 7.46 6.1 3.5 16 0.591 11
August 7.05 6.5 3 N/A 4.487 11
September 7.58 6.9 3 16 5.954 11
October 7.6 6.8 3 12 3.977 11
November 7.82 3 3 16 2.79 17
December 7.66 6.7 3 12 2.258 21
Average 7.57 6.24 3.13 15.64 1.81 11.75

55
Table 11: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
at Godavari River near Someshwar Temple.

Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.29 5.2 2.2 28 0.44 90
February 7.14 5.6 2.2 28 2.38 50
March 7.19 6 2.4 16 0.65 70
April 7.32 5.9 2.2 28 0.565 110
May 7.5 5.7 2.4 16 8.29 220
June 7.91 5.4 2.4 20 0.347 90
2014 July 8.17 6.7 3 20 0.448 90
August 8.19 6.6 2.8 20 0.4212 110
September 8.15 6.4 3.2 24 0.183 50
October 8.67 4.7 3 24 0.7029 90
November 8.2 6 4.6 32 2.5409 50
December N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Average 7.79 5.84 2.76 23.27 1.54 92.73

January 7.96 4.8 4 20 1.623 26

February 7.98 4.9 N/A 24 1.648 50
March 7.89 6.2 5 20 3.95 70
April 8.01 5.2 4 20 2.588 90
May 7.93 6 5 20 1.137 50
June 7.43 5.8 3.2 24 2.318 40
2013 July 8.22 5.9 2.8 24 0.1243 170
August 7.98 7 2.4 28 0.97 33
September 8.25 6.3 2.6 28 1.8 70
October 8.15 6.2 2.4 24 0.36 70
November 7.61 7 2 28 0.82 90
December 7.92 5.6 2.4 20 3 110
Average 7.94 5.91 3.25 23.33 1.69 72.42

January 7.67 5.1 6 32 1.8 23

February 7.25 5.6 6 32 0.583 21
March 8.1 5.2 6 24 0.917 11
April 7.15 6.1 5.5 28 4.58 50
May 7.01 5.6 5.5 32 0.118 22
June 7.29 6.1 5.5 32 0.512 13
2012 July 7.6 7 3 28 0.437 21
August 7.47 6.2 4 N/A 25.01 13
September 7.82 5.3 5 24 21.11 17
October 7.71 6.7 6 20 9.928 17
November 7.89 5.2 3 16 2.38 26
December 7.95 5.9 6 20 4.418 22
Average 7.58 5.83 5.13 26.18 5.98 21.33

56
Table 12: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
at Godavari River at Hanuman Ghat.

Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.31 5 2.4 20 0.96 110
February 7.38 5.4 2.4 24 7.13 33
March 7.66 5.7 2.6 28 2.9 110
April 7.82 5.4 2.6 20 4.4 140
May 7.56 4.9 9.5 48 9.8 220
June 7.86 5.3 2.6 20 0.086 90
2014 July 7.59 3.2 5 28 0.228 50
August 7.43 3.4 3.6 24 0.7738 40
September 7.74 4.3 3 20 0.0198 80
October 8.39 5.8 3.2 32 2.2926 80
November 7.99 6.1 5.2 36 0.6938 90
December N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Average 7.70 4.95 3.83 27.27 2.66 94.82

January 7.5 6.7 6 28 1.437 30

February 7.69 4.1 N/A 44 1.004 50
March 7.8 6.7 6 24 11.51 40
April 7.9 6 6 28 12.39 33
May 7.65 6 15 32 4.133 33
June 7.39 6.1 4.8 36 7.139 34
2013 July 8.18 6 3.2 34 0.1304 34
August 7.97 6.7 2.6 36 1.47 90
September 7.6 4.7 8 32 2.11 300
October 7.74 5.2 3 32 2.06 33
November 7.05 6.9 2.4 24 2.16 110
December 7.86 5.2 2.4 28 2.11 140
Average 7.69 5.86 5.40 31.50 3.97 77.25

January 7.2 2.4 18 32 0.451 60

February 7.14 5.5 6 40 3.359 27
March 7.5 6.2 4 40 1.119 22
April 7.11 6.2 4.5 36 3.52 170
May 7.1 5.9 6.2 32 0.238 22
June 6.51 6.2 5 40 0.016 60
2012 July 7.35 5.9 4 20 0.106 21
August 7.04 6 12 N/A 9.25 40
September 7.75 4.8 6 32 18.3 30
October 7.8 6.4 6 20 14.27 33
November 7.95 3.7 5 24 7.188 34
December 7.44 4.8 6 28 7.115 33
Average 7.32 5.33 6.89 31.27 5.41 46.00

57
Table 13: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
at Godavari River at Ramkund.

Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.3 5.2 2.4 32 0.55 190
February 7.34 5.6 2.2 28 4.13 90
March 7.81 6.1 2.4 24 2 110
April 7.4 5.8 2.2 28 3.25 170
May 7.54 6.6 2 12 0.24 22
June 7.88 5.5 2.4 20 1.922 60
2014 July 7.88 3.6 3 16 0.72 70
August 7.26 2.2 4 32 0.9417 26
September 8.18 4.8 2.6 24 0.65 50
October 8.25 6.2 4 28 3.3149 60
November 8.29 4.9 4 44 0.8602 50
December N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Average 7.74 5.14 2.84 26.18 1.69 81.64

January 7.86 6.7 6 24 2.763 70

February 7.65 4.8 6 28 BDL 110
March 7.37 6.7 4 16 4.61 110
April 7.22 5.2 6 28 0.466 90
May 7.59 6.9 4 28 4.54 90
June 7.39 6.1 4.2 36 0.512 110
2013 July 8.04 6 3 32 0.1139 110
August 7.74 6.9 2.6 36 1.93 110
September 7.66 5 3.8 36 2.11 110
October 7.73 4.5 3.4 32 0.94 110
November 7.59 6.8 2.2 28 1.57 90
December 7.82 5.7 2.2 32 1 110
Average 7.64 5.94 3.95 29.67 1.87 101.67

January 7.31 4.1 10 32 1.104 60

February 7.5 5.2 8 44 3.735 24
March 8.14 5.6 5 44 3.965 22
April 7.1 6.2 5 40 7.67 110
May 7.04 5.6 6 32 0.086 22
June 7.4 6.3 4.5 40 BDL 22
2012 July 7.28 3.2 10 28 0.074 21
August 6.79 5.4 5 N/A 10.71 26
September 7.48 5.2 4 28 13.46 30
October 7.39 5 5 24 16.44 40
November 7.99 4.1 5 20 5.49 26
December 7.75 5.8 6 16 1.99 60
Average 7.43 5.14 6.13 31.64 5.88 38.58

58
Table 14: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
at Godavari River near Tapovan.

Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.82 4.9 2.4 28 1.1 90
February 7.53 5 2.8 24 3.89 33
March 7.27 5.4 2.8 40 1.66 80
April 7.76 5.7 2.4 24 4 220
May 7.73 6.3 2 20 7 220
June 7.66 5 3.2 20 1.365 140
2014 July 7.5 2.4 10 44 0.516 110
August 7.46 4.9 3.2 28 0.9399 80
September 8.15 5.5 3 32 0.192 170
October 8.02 6 3 48 2.5409 110
November 7.36 5.6 5.2 48 0.7254 170
December N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Average 7.66 5.15 3.64 32.36 2.18 129.36

January 7.39 4.9 3 16 2.039 50

February 7.25 4.8 N/A 40 BDL 70
March 7.6 5.9 18 44 14.12 70
April 8.1 4.8 6 36 14.13 70
May 7.62 5.6 18 44 6.1 90
June 7.26 5.9 4.8 36 3.893 40
2013 July 8.23 6.2 3.4 40 0.1731 40
August 7.9 6.5 2.8 48 2.25 70
September 7.76 3.9 16 44 1.98 300
October 7.6 4.1 17 40 1.65 210
November 7.48 6.5 2.6 24 1.66 90
December 7.85 5 2.8 28 0.29 110
Average 7.67 5.34 8.58 36.67 4.39 100.83

January 7.24 2.3 16 32 0.133 60

February 7.45 6.1 4 52 3.673 50
March 7.38 6.2 4 36 0.094 34
April 7.65 6.1 4.5 32 21.73 350
May 7.01 5.4 6.5 32 0.34 22
June 7.69 6.1 5.5 40 0.18 34
2012 July 7.17 3 28 60 0.104 33
August 6.87 4.1 9 N/A 19.21 34
September 7.81 4 6 36 14.37 40
October 7.73 6.8 6 28 13.78 50
November 8.14 2.6 10 32 8.77 50
December 7.68 3.7 7 36 2.725 50
Average 7.49 4.70 8.88 37.82 7.09 67.25

59
Table 15: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board at
Godavari River at Kapila Godavari Confluence Point.

Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.6 4.8 2.4 32 1 170
February 7.86 5.2 2.4 28 4.01 26
March 7.4 5.3 2.8 44 1.71 170
April 7.64 5.5 2.6 28 4.74 170
May 7.59 6 2.2 24 4 220
June 7.27 4.8 3.4 72 2.475 240
2014 July 7.53 2.8 10 40 0.509 140
August 7.3 1.8 16 44 0.6809 140
September 8.01 5.6 3 32 1.844 100
October 8.18 5.7 4 108 2.8299 90
November 7.13 6.2 4.8 48 0.2823 140
December N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Average 7.59 4.88 4.87 45.45 2.19 146.00

January 7.45 5.7 6 28 2.134 33

February 7.31 4.1 N/A 48 BDL 50
March 7.6 5.4 20 48 9.03 26
April 8.16 4 9 40 14.16 30
May 7.57 5.8 19 48 9.7 33
June 7.01 6.1 5.2 40 4.012 33
2013 July 8.24 5 5.5 46 0.1771 33
August 7.66 5.5 3.8 42 2.51 110
September 7.42 2.6 22 48 2.18 350
October 7.55 3.4 19 44 1.2 210
November 7.7 7 2.4 20 1.71 170
December 7.54 4.8 3.2 24 0.05 170
Average 7.60 4.95 10.46 39.67 4.26 104.00

January 7.1 1.1 40 128 0.644 70

February 7.35 6.1 4 40 18.157 11
March 7.12 6.1 4.5 32 0.2 22
April 7.1 6.2 4.5 28 29.03 220
May 7 6.1 5 28 0.428 21
June 7.6 6.3 5 32 0.18 70
2012 July 7.11 2.6 24 64 0.092 60
August 7.08 1.6 12 N/A 2.75 70
September 7.65 4.2 8 40 31.54 60
October 7.58 3.8 9 36 35.77 50
November 8.08 2.8 12 36 8.69 40
December 7.56 2.7 16 40 37.08 50
Average 7.36 4.13 12.00 45.82 13.71 62.00

60
Table 16: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board at
Godavari River at Saikheda.

Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.65 5.2 2.4 20 0.68 70
February 7.41 5.6 2.2 28 0.144 26
March 7.24 6 2.2 20 1.83 50
April 7.86 5.9 2.2 32 7.81 33
May 7.12 4.4 12 48 7 NA
June 7.39 5.6 2.4 20 0.344 33
2014 July 7.71 1.4 10 48 0.236 23
August 7.02 3.2 3.4 24 0.9709 50
September 7.81 4.6 3.6 28 0.9952 90
October 7.7 5.2 4.8 20 4.703 50
November 7.83 5.8 3.8 36 3.9958 50
December N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Average 7.52 4.81 4.45 29.45 2.61 47.50

January 7.87 6.2 N/A 24 2.771 26

February N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
March 7.54 6.4 3 12 1.81 33
April 8.15 5.7 6 24 2.226 34
May 7.31 6.2 4 20 11.09 33
June 7.76 6.2 3.2 20 1.812 26
2013 July 7.85 5.5 4 24 0.1444 26
August 8.01 6.5 2.8 28 1.53 70
September 7.51 4.5 5.5 20 1.94 40
October 7.81 4.6 5.5 32 2.22 170
November 7.53 6.5 2.4 20 1.25 70
December 7.74 5.8 2.2 28 1.94 70
Average 7.73 5.83 3.86 22.91 2.61 54.36

January 7.88 53 3.5 24 4.305 14

February 7.11 6.3 3.5 20 0.6462 11
March 7.21 6.6 3 16 3.344 11
April 7.18 6.3 3.5 16 11.51 33
May 7.02 6.1 4 16 0.066 17
June 7.51 6.3 4.5 20 0.352 21
2012 July 7.31 4.8 4 80 BDL 17
August 6.94 5.9 3 N/A 5.981 14
September 7.66 4.8 5 20 5.571 17
October 7.39 6 8 32 15.68 17
November 7.52 4.7 3 16 11.59 17
December 7.82 6 14 16 5.094 21
Average 7.38 9.73 4.92 25.09 5.83 17.50

61
Table 17: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
at Godavari River at U/s of Jayakwadi dam at Tokka.

Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.2 6 3 20 BDL 2

February 7.9 6.4 3 16 0.1 2
March 7.4 6.1 4 20 0.1 2
April 8 6.6 4 20 0.1 2
May 7.8 6.4 5 20 0.4 2
June 7.1 7.1 3 16 1.8 3
2014 July 8.6 7 3 16 0.1 4
August 8.3 6.2 6 16 0.4 2
September 7.9 6.8 4 20 0.2 2
October 8.3 5.9 4 20 0.1 2
November 8.4 7.2 3 12 0.1 2
December 8 6.8 8 20 BDL 2
Average 7.91 6.54 4.17 18.00 0.34 2.25

January 8.4 7 5.4 16 0.2 2

February 8.4 6.5 4.2 12 1.5 2
March 8.4 6.4 4 12 4.5 3
April N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
May 8.3 6.2 5 20 0.4 3
June 8.2 6 2.6 12 0.5 3
2013 July 7.2 5.5 2 12 0.1 2
August 7.8 5.9 4 20 0.2 2
September 7.8 6.9 4 20 0.4 2
October 8.2 6.1 4 16 0.0427 3
November 7 6.7 6 24 0.1 3
December 8 6.4 3 20 0.2 2
Average 7.97 6.33 4.02 16.73 0.74 2.45

January 8.4 7.1 4.2 12 0.099 2

February 7.8 6.8 3.8 12 0.89 4
March 8.4 7 4 12 0.8604 2
April 8 6.9 3.2 8 0.1607 2
May 8.1 6.2 3.5 16 0.2147 2
June 9 6.5 4 12 0.2026 2
2012 July 7.8 6.8 0.3488 8 0.2359 2
August 8 6.2 3.2 8 BDL 2
September 8.3 6.9 5 12 BDL 2
October 8.3 5.3 5.1 12 0.6 2
November 8.5 7 3.3 8 BDL 2
December 8.2 6.9 5.2 16 BDL 2
Average 8.23 6.63 3.74 11.33 0.41 2.17

62
Table 18: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
at Godavari River at D/s of Jayakwadi Dam, Pathegaon.
Year Months pH Dissolved Oxygen B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal Coliform

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 7.6 6.9 5 16 0.1 2

February 8 6.6 3 16 0.1 3
March 8 6.4 2 12 0.5 2
April 7 7 3 20 0.2 2
May 7 6.4 5 24 0.9 2
June 7 6.8 5 20 2.7 3
2014 July 8.4 7.1 3 16 0.4 4
August 9.5 6 5 24 0.5 7
September 8.7 6.4 4 20 0.4 2
October 8.4 5.6 3 16 0.5 2
November 8.1 6 8 40 0.3 2
December 8.1 7.4 4 16 0.1 2
Average 7.98 6.55 4.17 20.00 0.56 2.75

January 8 4.3 4.2 12 0.7 2

February 8.2 6.2 5.2 16 6.6 3
March 8.4 6.8 4.2 12 2.3 3
April N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
May 9 6 4 12 1 2
June 8.2 5.6 6.2 28 0.2 2
2013 July 7.5 5.8 2 16 0.1 2
August 7.9 6.1 4 20 0.3 2
September 8 6.8 4 20 0.3 2
October 8.2 6.8 4 20 0.0332 3
November 8.3 6.8 4 16 0.2 2
December 7.9 6.9 4.2 24 0.2 3
Average 8.15 6.19 4.18 17.82 1.08 2.36

January 8.3 7.1 2.8 8 0.087 4

February 9 6.6 4 12 1.8975 2
March N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
April 7.8 6.7 4 16 0.5539 2
May 8.2 6.4 3.6 16 0.0727 2
June 9 6.9 5.2 16 0.2074 2
2012 July 9.3 3.4 8.4 28 0.4235 4
August 8.9 3.7 3.6 8 0.6343 2
September N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
October 8.3 5.6 5 12 3.8 2
November 8.9 7 3.3 8 BDL 2
December 8.3 6.9 5.4 16 BDL 2
Average 8.60 6.03 4.53 14.00 0.96 2.40

63
Table 19: Water Quality Monitored by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
at Godavari River at Raher.
Year Months pH Dissolved B.O.D. C.O.D. Nitrate Fecal
Oxygen Coliform
(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100 ml)

January 8 6.9 3 20 0.2 3

February 7.8 6.6 5 20 0.2 2
March 7.8 6.4 3 16 1.7 2
April 7.5 6.8 5 20 0.1 2
May 7 6.7 5 20 1.4 3
June N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2014 July 8.1 7 3 16 0.2 2
August 8.3 6 5 16 0.3 2
September N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
October 7.6 6.4 4 195 0.2 2
November N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
December N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Average 7.76 6.60 4.13 40.38 0.54 2.25

January 8.3 7 5.6 16 0.2 2

February 8.4 6.7 3.6 8 1.7 2
March 8.4 6.4 3 8 1.8 3
April 8.32 6.92 5 12 0.02 2
May 8.6 6.4 4 12 BDL 3
June 7.6 6.9 5 24 0.1 2
2013 July 7.6 5.9 3 20 BDL 2
August 8.2 6.9 3 16 0.2 3
September 7.9 6.7 4 20 0.1 2
October 8.18 6.8 3 12 0.0493 3
November 8 6.4 4 20 0.2 2
December 8 6.4 4 20 0.2 2
Average 8.13 6.62 3.93 15.67 0.46 2.33

January 8.1 7.3 2.8 8 0.079 2

February 7.7 7.1 3 8 1.1948 2
March 8 6.8 4.2 127 0.6081 2
April 8.1 7.2 3.8 12 0.1282 2
May 7.8 6.8 2.8 8 0.1042 2
June 8.5 6.3 8 24 0.1792 4
2012 July 8.2 6 3.6 16 0.3012 2
August 8.1 5.7 3.1 8 0.3278 2
September 7.9 4.6 6.5 16 2.5 4
October 8.3 4.9 6.5 16 1.4 2
November 8.5 4.9 5 12 BDL 2
December 8.4 6.9 3.2 8 2.5 2
Average 8.13 6.21 4.38 21.92 0.85 2.33

64
 5.2 Present River Water Analysis:
The river water analysis was carried out to show that the general status of
the river Godavari at various stretches in the three districts viz Nasik,
Ahmadnagar, Aurangabad and Nanded. There are 10 river pollution stretches
identified by the CPCB and these are mentioned in the Tables below. Out of that,
seven stretches are identified in Nasik District, one each in Ahmadnagar,
Aurangabad and Nanded district respectively. The sampling was carried out
during the month of January 2015 for all identified pollution stretches. The
samples were tested for physico-chemical analysis including the metals and
pesticides. With these laboratory results, it will enable to analyze the impact of
human activities on the identified locations with respect to its upward and
downward stream. The detailed analyses of the collected samples are as follows-

Table 20: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari River at U/s of Gangapur dam.
Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method
Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 24.30 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 7.78 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 172.60 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 9.90 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 6.45 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO 7.0 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 4 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 12.0 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al 0.11 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.23 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 500 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 08 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

65
Table 21: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari near Someshwar Temple.
Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method
Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 23.90 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 8.39 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 354.0 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 19.80 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
Sulphate as SO4 15.16 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
4 SO4 E)
5 DO 7.4 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 3 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 8 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al 0.05 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.04 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 70 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 17 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

Table 22: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari near Hanuman Ghat.

Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method

Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 23.80 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 7.17 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 732.0 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 94.03 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 34.20 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO 5.5 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 8 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 26.67 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al 0.035 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.15 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)

66
 8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 1600 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 29 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

Table 23: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Panchavati at Ramkund.

Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method

Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 24.10 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 7.76 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 632.0 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 49.49 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 35.62 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO 4 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 9 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 30 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al 0.02 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.025 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 1600 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 27 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

Table 24: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Tapovan.

Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method

Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 24.20 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 7.58 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 654.0 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 54.44 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 36.55 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO 2.60 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 5 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)

67
 7 COD 16.0 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al 0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.04 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 240 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 30 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

Table 25: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Kapila Godavari confluence.

Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method

Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 23.80 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 8.76 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 826.0 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 84.13 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 71.25 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO 2.20 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 6 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 21.33 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al 0.06 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.13 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn 0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition

Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 1600 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 1600 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

68
Table 26: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Saikheda.

Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method

Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 23.70 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 7.64 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 380.0 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 24.74 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 15.34 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO 7.0 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 5 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 16.0 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al 0.02 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.03 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 50 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 14 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

Table 27: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at U/s of Paithan Jayakwadi,

at Tokka.

Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method

Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 23.90 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 8.17 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 153.60 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 9.90 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 7.29 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO* 6 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 3 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 8 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al 0.28 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.47 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
69
 7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 220 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 2 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

Table 28: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at D/s of Paithan Pathegaon.

Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method

Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature* 23.80 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 7.14 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 708.0 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 49.49 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 38.39 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO 6.8 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)
6 BOD 5 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 20 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al* <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As* <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd* <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr* <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.05 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb* <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides* N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 300 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 17 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

Table 29: Water Quality Monitored at Godavari at Jayakwadi, Raher.

Sr. No. Parameter Results Units Standard Method

Physical Parameter
o
1 Temperature 23.7 C IS: 3025 Part-09 (R.A : 2002)
Chemical Parameter
1 pH 7.5 -- IS: 3025 Part-11 (R.A : 2002)
2 E. Conductivity 680 µS/cm IS: 3025 Part-14 (R.A : 2002)
3 Chlorides as Cl 25 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-32 (R.A : 2003)
nd
4 Sulphate as SO4 30 mg/lit APHA :22 edition -(4500-
2-
SO4 E)
5 DO 7 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-38 (1989)

70
 6 BOD 4 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-44 (R.A : 2003)
7 COD 12 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-58 (R.A : 2006)
Elemental Testing
1 Aluminium as Al <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
2 Arsenic as As <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
3 Cadmium as Cd <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
4 Chromium as Cr <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
5 Iron as Fe 0.05 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
6 Nickel as Ni <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
7 Lead as Pb <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
8 Zinc as Zn <0.01 mg/lit IS: 3025 Part-02 (2004)
GC Testing
nd
1 Pesticides N.D mg/lit APHA :22 edition
Microbiological Parameter
1 Total Coliform 250 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)
2 Fecal Coliform 15 MPN/100ml IS: 1622 (R.A : 1996)

5.3 Discussions and Conclusions on the Results

The samples were analyzed and presented graphically in comparison to all

identified sampling locations. It was interpreted from the results that the water
parameters are well within the prescribed standards of A-II river.

5.4 Temperature

The temperature measured for all sampling locations are well with the prescribed
limit and are presented graphically. The temperature measured was in the range
of 23.7 °C reported at Saikheda and Raher to 24.3 °C reported at u/s of Gangapur
dam.

Temperature variation during January 2015

24.4
24.3
degree Celcius

24.2
24.1
24
23.9
23.8
23.7
23.6
23.5
23.4
am
t

ati
am

m
a
n
r

..

r
ha
wa

he
ed
va

nfl

Da
hw

ng
nG
rD

Ra
po

i kh
sh

Co
nc

di
Sa
pu

me

Ta
ma

Sa

wa
ari
Pa
ga

ra
So

nu

av

aik
va
at
an

od
Ha
ar

SJ
Pra
da
sG

a -G
Ne

un

D/
U/

ar
mk

p il

Ne
Ka
Ra

Sampling locations

Figure 2: Temperature Variation during January 2015.

71
5.5 Electrical Conductivity

Total dissolved solids (TDS) is defined as the quantity of dissolved material in

water, and depends mainly on the solubility of rocks and soils the water contacts.
For instance, water that flows through limestone and gypsum dissolves calcium,
carbonate, and sulfate, resulting in high levels of total dissolved solids.

A convenient way to measure TDS is to test the conductivity of the sample.

Conductivity is a measure of the ability of water to pass an electrical current and is
affected by the presence of dissolved solids. As the level of TDS rises, the
conductivity will also increase. Discharges to water can change the conductivity
depending on the discharge. A failing sewage system could raise the conductivity
because of the presence of chloride, phosphate, and nitrate.
The conductivity of river samples in the present study reported in the ranges from
153 µs/cm for u/s of Jaykwadi dam to 825 µs/cm for Kapila-Godavari confluence
point.
Conductivity outside the range of 500 µs/cm could generally indicate that the
water is not suitable for certain species of fish or macroinvertebrates.

Electrical Conductivity variation during January 2015

900
800
700
600
uS/cm

500
400
300
200
100
0
van

m
r

r
a
m

am
.
a ti
wa

ha

he
nfl.

ed

ga
Da

hw
nG

iD
po

Ra
esh

Co

ikh

an
ur

nc

Ta

ad
S
Sa
ma
om

ari
ap

Pa

ikw
ara
nu

av
ng

at

Ja
rav
od
ar

Ha
Ga

da
Ne

a- G

D/S
P
U/s

un

ar
pil
mk

Ne
Ka

Sampling locations
Ra

Figure 3: Electrical Conductivity Variation During January 2015.

72
5.6 Dissolved Oxygen / Biochemical Oxygen Demand / Chemical Oxygen
Demand

Dissolved Oxygen variation during January 2015

8
7
6
5
mg/L

4
3
2
1
0

int
am

am

m
ati
t
ha

a
n
r

r
wa

Da
Po

he
ed
va
hw
rD

ng
nG

Ra
sh

po

ikh
nc

u.

Sa

di
pu

me

ma

Ta

wa
nfl

Sa
Pa
ga

ara
Co
So

nu

aik
at
an

av
Ha

ari

SJ
ar
sG

da

Pr
Ne

av
un

D/
U/

ar
od
mk

Ne
a-G
Ra

Sam pling locations

pil
Ka

Figure 4: Dissolved Oxygen Variation during January 2015.

Biological Oxygen Demand variation during January 2015

10
9
8
7
6
mg/L

5
4
3
2
1
0
am

m
t

am
ati

a
ha

..
ar

r
he
ed

Da
va

nfl
hw
shw
rD

ng
nG

Ra
po

Co

i kh
nc

di
Sa
pu

me

ma

Ta

wa
Sa
Pa

ari
ga

ara
So

nu

aik
av
an

at

av
Ha

od

SJ
ar
sG

da

Pr
Ne

-G
un

D/
U/

ar
p ila
mk

Ne
Ka
Ra

Sam ppling locations

Figure 5: Biological Oxygen Demand Variation during January 2015.

73
 Chemical Oxygen Demand variation during January 2015

35
30
25
20
mg/L

15
10
5
0
m

m
t

am
ati

a
ha

..
r

r
wa

he
Da

ed

Da
va

nfl
hw

ng
nG

Ra
po

Co

i kh
sh
ur

nc

di
Sa
me

ma

Ta

wa
ap

Sa
Pa

ari

ara
ng

So

nu

aik
av
at

v
Ga

Ha

od

SJ
ar

Pra
da
Ne

a -G
U/s

un

D/
ar
mk

p il

Ne
Sam pling locations
Ka
Ra

Figure No. 6 Chemical Oxygen Demand Variation During January 2015.

DO, BOD and COD variation during January 2015

35
DO
30 BOD
COD
25

20
mg/l

15

10

0
int
am

am

m
ati
t
ha

a
r

r
wa

Po

Da
hw

he
ed
va
rD

ng
nG
sh

Ra
po

ikh
nc

u.

Sa

di
pu

me

ma

nfl

wa
Ta
Pa

Sa
ga

ara
Co
So

aik
nu

at
an

av
Ha

ari

SJ
da
sG

ar

Pr
Ne

av
un

D/
U/

ar
od
mk

Ne
a-G
Ra

Sam pling locations

pil
Ka

Figure 7: DO, BOD and COD Variation During January 2015.

BOD of river water in the Nasik area mainly including places like U/s of
Gangapur Dam, Someshwar temple, Hanuman ghat, Ramkund, Tapovan, Kapila-
Godavari confluence point, and D/s of Nasik Saikheda. The BOD broadly ranges
from 3 mg/L at Someshwar temple to 9 mg/L Panchwati at Ramkund. The higher
BOD values at Hanuman ghat, Ramkund Panchwati, can be due to the activities
carried out on the banks of river including washing of clothes, vehicles, Nirmalya
visarjan, performing Pujas, Asthi visarjan at Ramkund etc. It is further observed
during the sampling that at the Ramkund, there is vegetable market (Bhaji
74
Bazar) on the bank of river. The waste from this market and open defecation
activities are also contributing to pollute the river at some extent. The River water
of Ramkund is an indication of pollution load and hence not fit for domestic and
drinking purpose and need treatments to minimize the contamination.

BOD values are observed at D/s of Nasik at Tapovan, Kapila Godavari

Confluence point and Saikheda typically ranged between 5 to 6 mg/L.

BOD values of Godavari River at U/s of Gangapur dam, Someshwar

Temple, and downstream of Nasik city is quite low and meets A-II river water
quality standards. Though BOD values of water samples from Nasik D/s to Raher
in Nanded district ranges from 3 to 6 mg/L, the values rarely exceeds the value of
5 mg/L.

5.7 Trace Metals and Pesticides

The water analysis was carried out for trace metals like Aluminium,
Arsenic, Chromium, Iron, Nickel, Lead and Zink for all identified pollution stretches
on the River Godavari. After study of the results, it is observed that, according to
the A-II water quality standards prescribed by Maharashtra Pollution Control
Board. All the water samples of Godavari River do not exceed the prescribed limit
of A-II river water quality standards.

It was observed that concentration of all the trace metals of environmental

concern at all sampling locations was found to be low and thus do not pose any
harm by its consumption.

Further Pesticides analysis is carried out for all the water samples with the
Gas Chromatography. There are no pesticides detected from the analysis.

5.8 Chlorides and Sulphates:

The chlorides (Cl) and Sulphates were analysed for the checking of the potability
of the water and it is interpreted from the results that for all samples, the values for
chlorides and sulphates are well within the Water Quality Standards for best

75
Designated Usage from Maharashtra Pollution Control Board A-II.

Sulphate and Chloride Variation during January 2015

100
90
80 Series 1
70
Series 2
60
mg/L

50
40
30
20
10
0

ati

am
am

t
r

m
..
ha

r
wa

he
hw

nfl
va

ed

Da
nG
rD

ng
sh

Co

Ra
po
nc

ikh

Sa

di
pu

me

ma

Ta
Pa

Sa

wa
ari
ga

ara
So

nu

av

aik
at
an

av
Ha

od
ar

da

SJ
sG

Pr
Ne

a-G
un

D/
U/

ar
mk

pil

Ne
Ka
Ra

Sampling locations

Figure 8: Sulphate and Chloride Variation During January 2015.

The values for Chlorides and Sulphate were ranges between 9.9 mg/L to
maximum 94.03 mg/L and 6.45 mg/L to maximum of 71.25 mg/L respectively.

5.9 Total Coliform

According to the A-II water quality standards prescribed by Maharashtra
Pollution Control Board, the total coliforms should not exceed the value of 5000
MPN per 100 ml sample. All the water samples of Godavari River do not exceed
the prescribed limit of A-II river water quality standards.

76
 6
Action Plan

77
6.1 Preamble
The main objective of the assessment study is to check the general status
of river Godavari and provide suggestions / recommendations with action plan to
improve the quality of the river water.

Based on the general observations during the assessment study, the

following measures are recommended.

6.2 De-siltation of Gangapur Dam:

From many years due to deposition of silt, storage capacity of Gangapur
Dam has reduced. This dam water is used for drinking purpose of Nashik
Municipal Corporation MIDC Satpur /Ambad. Thermal Power station Eklhare and
recently reused water received after Nashik Municipal Corporation treatment is
given to India Bull‟s Realtech Co.Ltd. (IRC) for their Thermal power plant at
Sinnar. IRC is not yet started. The need of water is increasingly being felt by all
these sectors. The requirement of water for religious, social and ecological
functions needs to be carved out. The decrease in dam storage will be detrimental
for all these stakeholders and sectors. Therefore, De-silting should be taken up on
priority basis after proper assessment and techno-economic feasibility study.

De-siltation of Gautami – Godavari, Kashyapi and Gangapur will be helpful

in maintaining environmental flow of Godavari. Further it is also recommended
that at de-siltation of other dams also need to be carried out.

Major issues for abatement of Godavari river pollution were identified for
evaluation and immediate attention for rectification so that the river water quality
improves and meets the stipulated A-II class standards.

6.3 Religious Activities Impacting River Quality

As Nasik city is a Holy place, huge number of devotees visits the city
resulting in high floating population all through the year. Devotees perform various
kinds of Pujas at certain places at the bank of the river. This leads to addition of
organic matter in to the river directly. Some of the activities are as below-

78
• Proper use of collection facility for nirmalya should be placed at every
religiously significant place like temples, ghats
• “Pindadan comprising of cooked rice during Dashakriya and nirmalya in the
river at Ramkund.
• Human body ash (Asthi) Visarjan activities at Ramkund.
• Bhaji bajar and stalls of offerings to Devotees near river banks.

Control of ritual inputs by devotees is also essential to check the pollution at

the banks of temples specifically at Ramkund. The following measures should be
considered:
• Appointment of special vigilance squad for control of misuse of river at the
banks for washing of clothes, vehicles, and open defecation is recommended.
• Awareness should be created through an audio visual show for violators with
the help of NGOs and citizen groups.
• Artificial ponds should be constructed at the banks of Ramkund for
“Dashkriyavidhi so that entry of putriciable organic matter into the main
stream can be restricted. The water in the artificial pond should be replaced
and separate treatment should be provided to this polluted water.

6.4 Disposal of Nirmalya

• Placing of nets on the bridges to avoid throwing of nirmalya across the river
flow and also downstream of holy places such as Ramkund, Tapovan to
collect floating Nirmalya disposed by the devotees can be helpful to reduce
the amount of nirmalya in the river.
• At present, many permanent ghats have been constructed on the bank of
River Godavari. As the river Godavari is a non perennial river, the banks of
the river must be protected. Hence temporary ghats may be built if more
ghats are needed in the future.
• Volunteers should be appointed for effective collection and disposal of such
material.
• Awareness programmes should be organized for adoptions of the improved
system for pollution prevention.

79
6.5 Collection of Domestic Wastewater
• 100% collection of wastewater from the Nasik Municipal area should be
achieved in order to avoid any wastewater directly entering into the river.
• Wherever collection process is not feasible in short time, in situ nalla
treatment should be adopted.
• Prior to awarding permission for development of new residential areas in the
outskirts of the city, there should be provision of sewerage network and STP
of appropriate capacity and accordingly authorities should take prompt action
for construction of new STP.
• It is recommended to have soak pits for villages in close proximity of river in
order to avoid direct discharge of sewage in to the river.

6.6 Status of Sewer

• Regular operation and maintenance sewers and sewerage chambers should
be done as leakages or breakages in either can lead to flow of huge quantity
of sewage in to the river Godavari.
• Deliberate breakages of Sewage chambers should be checked and stopped
by undertaking strict actions and providing alternatives by using treated water
for irrigation through decentralized system.
• The centralized sewer system is always problematic due to multiple lines and
expensive due to need for pumping which requires electricity. All conventional
sewer and STPs require very high O&M costs, especially uninterrupted power
and trained manpower. Hence Decentralized wastewater treatment is
recommended at least for all multi complex projects.
• Recommendations provided by NEERI on “Comprehensive study on
Rejuvenation of River Godavari and Integrated Action Plan for Improvement
of Environmental Status for Nasik Region, Maharashtra” shall be
implemented.

6.7 Maintenance and Up-Gradation of STPs

• Regular maintenance and up gradation of STPs should be carried out for
effective treatment of wastewater. The working status of each STP

80
 performance unit should be strictly checked in order to comply the standard
A-II. Recommendations provided by NEERI shall be implemented.

6.8 Industrial Wastewater

Presently, Satpur MIDC area does not Common Effluent Treatment Facility
to treat their effluent. Hence in order to treat effluent generated from Satpur MIDC
area Common Effluent Treatment facility should be provided on top priority.
• Reuse and recycle of treated wastewater for construction, gardening etc.
Purposes should be implemented through formulation of new byelaws.

6.9 Other Recommendations:

• Activities such as soil excavation, brick making on the bank of river is
seriously affecting the quality of river water, Hence such activities should be
strictly prohibited upto 5oo m. from high flood line.
• It is recommended to implement River Regulation Zone policy strictly to
restrict activities in the river bank.
• Encroachments, depositions, construction or any kind of developmental
activities on the bank of rivers should be banned.

From the present assessment study, It is concluded from the that if above
recommendations are implemented within the administrative boundaries it will
helpful in maintaining river water quality of river Godavari.

81
 7
References

82
 List of References

References Particulars
1. Studies on Rejuvenation of River Godavari and Integrated Action
Plan for Improvement of Environmental Status for Nasik Region,
Maharashtra by Nasik Municipal Corporation.
2. Assessment of Riverine Fisheries and Linking with Water Quality
Restoration Program - River Godavari In Maharshatra by
Maharashtra Pollution Control Board.
3. Integrated Hydrological Data Book (Non-Classified River Basins) by
Central Water Comission.
4. Water Quality Status of Water Bodies of Maharashtra with
Recourse to Analytical/ Statistical Tools (2007 - 2011) by
Maharashtra Pollution Control Board.
5. Report on Godavari Basin Version 2.0 by India-WRIS WebGIS Joint
Venture of Central Water Commission (CWC) and National Remote
Sensing Centre (NRSC), Indian Space Research Organisation
(ISRO).
6. Brief Industrial Profile of Nasik, Aurangabad, Ahmednagar, Nanded
and Parbhani Districts by MSME - Development Institute, Ministry of
MSME, Govt. of India.
7. Performance evaluation of Sewage Treatment Plants under NRCD
by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).
8. Performance Benchmarking of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
in Maharashtra by CETP University.
9. District Socio-Economic Reviews by Directorate of Economics and
Statistics, Government of Maharashtra.
10. City Sanitation Plan and Environmental Status Report by Nasik
Municipal Corporation.
11. Consent Order No:- Formate1.0/BO/CAC-Cell/EIC No NK-16799-
14/10th CAC-7054.
12. Consent No: Format l.O/BO/CAC-CELL/RO (Nasik)/R/CAC-10066.
13. Online Water Quality Data available on
http://mpcb.gov.in/envtdata/envtwater.php
14. Census data for 2011 available on
http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/Searchdata.aspx
15. Affidavit made by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board with
reference to CETP at MIDC of 1 MLD Capacity in Public Interest
Litigation No. 176 of 2012, District Nasik.

83
16. Annual Reports of Regional Office, Maharashtra Pollution COntrol
Board - Nasik and Aurangabad.
17. Assessment of Physicochemical Characteristics of Godavari River
Water at Trimbakeshwar and Kopargaon, Maharashtra (India).
Indian Journal of Applied Research.
18. Water Quality Assessment of the River Godavari, at Ramkund,
Nasik, (Maharashtra), India. International Journal of Engineering
and Science.
19. Water Quality Assessment of Godavari River at Nasik, India: Impact
of Sewage and Industrial Wastewater. Universal Journal of
Environmental Research and Technology.

84
Annexure 1: Effluent Generating Industries from MIDC, Satpur Tal. & Dist.
Nashik.
Sr. Industry Category Treatment provided Treatment provided
No. (Industrial) (Domestic)

1 ABB Ltd. Red ETP provided STP

2 Atlas Copco (I) Ltd. Red ETP provided STP

3 Epcos India Pvt Ltd Red NA STP

4 Graphite India Ltd Red ETP provided STP

5 Jyoti Structures Ltd. Red ETP provided STP

Hindustan Fasteners Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
6
Pvt.Ltd. Pit
Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
7 M.G. Electrical.
Pit
Mahindra and Mahindra Red ETP provided STP
8
Ltd.
9 Mahindra sonar Ltd. Red ETP provided SepticTank & Soak Pit

Nilraj Engineering Works Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
10
Pvt.Ltd Pit
Perfect Circle India Limited. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
11
Pit
Premium Tools Pvt Ltd Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
12
Pit
Schneider Electric (I) Pvt Red ETP provided STP
13
Ltd.
Seemegh Industries Red ETP Not provided Septic Tank & Soak
14
Pit
Supreme AutoshellIndia Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
15
Pvt. Ltd. Pit
VRM Metazine Pvt,Ltd.119 Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
16
Pit
S.G. Gears Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
17
Pit
Super Metal Industries Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
18
Pit
Saniyo Electrofab Pvt Ltd, Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
19
Pit
Neelay Metal Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
20
Pit
Jyoti Structures Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
21
Pit
Alcon Electronics Pvt. Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
22
Pit
Pawar Electro Systems Pvt Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
23
Ltd Pit
Supreme Autoshell India Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
24
Pvt. Ltd. Pit
Jyosh Steel Files (P) Ltd Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
25
Pit
Bosch Limited (Motor Red ETP provided STP
26
Industries Co. Ltd.)
 Essem Tecnopinz Pvt. Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
27
Pit
Galaxy Metal Finishers Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
28
Pit
Garima Enterprises Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
29
Pit
Pinnacle Engplast Pvt Ltd Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
30
Pit
31 Prajakta Enterprises Red ETP provided Septic Tank

Ratnadeep Electroplate rs Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak

32
Pvt.Ltd Pit
Satyam Metal Finisher Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
33
Pit
SHREE GANESH Red ETP Not provided Septic Tank & Soak
34 ENTERPRI SES Pit

Shree Swami Samarth Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
35 Industries. Pit

Star Plating Industries. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
36 Pit

Veevaa Toolls Private Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
37 Pit

Victor Switchgear Pvt.Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
38 Pit

Seewell Containers Pvt. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
39 Ltd. Pit

Metacraft Corporation Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak

40
Pit
Nayan Enterprises Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
41
Pit
Bajaj Sons Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
42
Pit
43 Om Processing Industries, Red ETP Not provided --

44 Sai Omkar Enterprises, Red ETP Not provided --

Precision Industries, Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak

45
Pit
Sudha Metal Finishers, Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
46
Pit
Hindustan Electroplate rs, Red ETP Not provided Septic Tank & Soak
47
Pit
S.W. Metaform Pvt Ltd., Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
48
Pit
49 Taparia Tools Ltd. Red ETP provided STP

Indian Tools (Birla Precision Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
50
Tech. Ltd) Pit
51 VIP Industries Ltd Red ETP provided STP

86
 Super Metal Industries Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
52
Pit
Apex Printing Technology Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
53
India Pvt. Ltd. Pit
Viraj Engineering Company Red Primary & Secondary Septic Tank & Soak
54
Pit
Trinity Ventures Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
55
Pit
Spectrum Electro plater Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
56
Pit
Excel Engineering Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
57
Industries Pit
Micro Petrochem Pvt. Ltd. Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
58
Pit
Genext Precision Auto Tech Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
59 Pvt. Ltd Pit

Mahan Enterprises Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak

60 Pit

Max Energy Pvt Ltd Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
61
Pit
Zodiac Powder Coaters. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
62
Pit
Sharp Knife Co.Pvt. Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
63
Pit
Mayfair Soaps Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
64
Pit
Nashik Chemical Pvt. Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
65
Pit
Spak Orgochem ( India ) Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
66
pvt Ltd. Pit
Nashik Photo- Tech Pvt Ltd Red ETP Provided Septic Tank & Soak
67
Pit
S.P. Industries Red ETP Not Provided Septic Tank & Soak
68
Pit
Godavari Paints Pvt Ltd. Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
69
Pit
`Glanmark Pharma- ceutical Orange ETP provided STP
70
Ltd.
71 Vital Healthcare Pvt. Ltd. Orange ETP provided STP

Jyoti Ceramics Ind. Pvt. Ltd Red Primary Treatment Septic Tank & Soak
72
Pit
Jyoti Ceramics Ind. Pvt. Ltd Red Primary Treatment Septic Tank & Soak
73
Pit
74 Perfect Circle India Ltd. Red ETP provided STP

75 CEAT Limited Red Primary Treatment STP

Shrirang Kisanlal Sarda Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
76
Pit
Govind sons Flashlight Red ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
77 Industries P Ltd. Pit

Caprihans India Ltd. Orange ETP provided Septic Tank & Soak
78
Pit

87
88