NAVOTAS POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

BANGUS ST. NBBS. NAVOTAS CITY

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD (GE8)

POLYA`S PROBLEM SOLVING

NAME: Quince, Marjurie O. DATE SUBMITTED: Dec. 17,2020

COURSE/YR/SECTION: BSBA FM 2-B

1. A baseball team won two out of their last games, in how many different orders could they
have two wins and two losses in four games?

Apply the 4 Steps of Polya Problem Solving Strategy

Step 1: Understand the Problem

A baseball team can have a two won straight games and two losses. Or maybe the team
losses the first two games and won the two. There are other possibilities such as, they can win
the first game and loss the second game and win again the third game and loss the four game.

Step 2: Devise a plan

Make an organize list of all possible orders could they have win and loss in the four
games.

Step 3: Carry out the plan

Let, wins= W
losses= L

 {(W,W,L,L), (W,L,W,L), (W,L,L,W), (L,W,W,L), (L,W,W,L), (L,L,W,W)}

Step 4: Review the solution

The following list is considers all possibilities order and the list has no duplicates.
Therefore, there are six (6) ordered pairs that a baseball team could have in four games.
2. In a baseball league consisting of 10 teams, each team plays each of the other team exactly
three times. How many league games will be played?

Step 1: Understand the Problem

There are 10 baseball teams in the league and each team plays exactly three games
against each of the other teams. So, the problem is to determine the total number of league
games will be played.

Step 2: Devise a plan

Make a list all possible orders of games that will be played. Let’s consider the following:

A= 1st team
B= 2nd team
C= 3rd team
D= 4th team
E= 5th team
F= 6th team
G= 7th team
H= 8th team
I= 9th team
J= 10th team Result will be multiply by 3.

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

Let have an equation of: x • y / 2

Let, x = 10 teams
y = each teams will be played 9 games
and divided by 2 cause of two different teams can be played to each other

x • y / 2= 10 • 9 = 90 =45
2 2
45 • 3 = 135 Games league will be played.

Step 4: Review the solution

To check the answer, make an organized list.

A B C D E F G H I J
AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AI AJ =9
BC BD BE BF BG BH BI BJ =8
CD CE CF CG CH CI CJ =7
DE DF DG DH DI DJ =6 = 45
EF EG EH EI EJ =5 45 x 3
FG FH FI FJ =4 = 135 games league

GH GI GJ =3 will be played.
HI HJ =2
IJ =1
3. An agency charged ₱15,000 for a 3 day and 2-night tour in Macau and ₱20,000 for the same
tour with a side trip to Hong Kong (HK). Ten persons joined the trip, which enable them to
collect ₱170,000. How many tourists made a side trip to Hong Kong?

Step 1: Understand the Problem

An agency charged ₱15,000 for a 3 day and 2-night tour in Macau and ₱20,000 for the
same tour with a side trip to Hong Kong (HK). Total of 10 persons joined the trip and enable
them to collect ₱170,000. So, the problem is to determine the total number of tourists made a
side trip to Hongkong.

Step 2: Devise a Plan

Let, x = tourists with a side trip to Hong Kong

y = tourists with a side trip to Macau
P20, 000(x) = total charged collected from tourists made a side trip to Hong Kong
P15, 000(y) = total charged collected from tourists made a side trip to Macau

Step 3: Carry out the plan.

Equation: x + y = 10
P20, 000 (x) + P15, 000(y) = P170, 000
P20, 000x + P15, 000(10-x)= P170,000
P20, 000x + P150, 000 – P15,000x = P170, 000
P20, 000x – P15,000x = P170,000 – P150,000
P5, 000x = P20, 000
P5, 000 P5, 000
x=4

4 tourists made a side trip to Hong Kong.

Step 4: Review the solution.

P20, 000 (x) + P15, 000(y) = P170, 000

P20, 000 (4) + P15, 000(6) = P170, 000
P80, 000 + P90, 000 = P170, 000
P170, 000 = P170, 000

4. Leonardo da Vinci was a famous artist during the renaissance period. He wrote in his
notebook that “from the top to the bottom of the chin is the sixth part of the face, and it is the
fifty-fourth part of the man.” Suppose the distance from the top to the bottom of the chin of the
person is 1.2 inches. Using Leonardo da Vinci’s measurements, find the height of the person.

Step 1: Understand the Problem

Top to the bottom of the chin is the fifty-fourth part of the man-1 / 54, from the top to the
bottom of the chin of the person- 1.2 inches. Using Leonardo da Vinci’s measurements,
determine the height of the person.
Step 2: Device a Plan

Let x represent the unknown height of the person. Write an equation satisfying da Vinci’s
measurements.
Let, h= the height of the person
Equation:
Height= Inch • Ratio

Step 3: Carry out the plan

Leonardo da Vinci’s measurements: 1/54 & 1.2 inch

Let x, height of the person
Equation 1
54x 1.2
=64.8 inches or 5.4 ft.
Thus, the person is 5.4 ft. tall

Step 4: Review the solution

Inch= Height / Ratio

1.2= 64.8 / 54
1.2= 1.2

5. In 2017, Venus’ birthday fell on a Saturday, June 3. On what day of the week does Venus’
birthday fall in 2021? Note that the year 2020 is a leap year.

Step 1: Understand the Problem

In 2017, Venus’ birthday on June 3 fell on Saturday. Determine what day of the does
Venus birthday fall in 2021 if the 2020 is a leap year.

Step 2: Devise a plan

Add: 1 in the original year

Add: 2 in a leap year Add in terms of weekends and weekdays

Step 3: Carry out the plan

June 3, 2017 (Saturday)

June 3, 2018 (Sunday)
June 3, 2019 (Monday)
June 3, 2020 (Wednesday)
June 3, 2021 (Thursday)

Step 4: Review the solution

The day of the week does Venus’ birthday fall in 2021 is Thursday since June 3, 2017 is
Saturday since we just add 1 and add 2 in the leap year.
6. In 2016, December 25 fell on Sunday. On what day of the week does Chrismal fall in 2025?
Note that the year 2020 and 2024 are both leaf years.

Step 1: Understand the Problem

Determine what day of the week does Chrismal fall in 2025? Note that the year 2020
and 2024 are both leaf years.

Step 2: Devise a plan

Add: 1 in the original year

Add: 2 in a leap year Add in terms of weekends and weekdays

Step 3: Carry out the plan

December 25, 2016 (Sunday)

December 25, 2017 (Monday)
December 25, 2018 (Tuesday)
December 25, 2019 (Wednesday)
December 25, 2020 ( leap year) (Friday)
December 25, 2021 (Saturday)
December 25, 2022 (Sunday)
December 25, 2023 (Monday)
December 25, 2024 (leap year) (Wednesday)
December 25, 2025 (Thursday)

Step 4: Review the solution

Without a leap year involved, April 21, 2020 or today is Tuesday, and next year April 21,
2021 would be Wednesday. Take note that leap years involve an additional day on February.
We then add by 2 on that occasion. Therefore December 25,2025 is on Thursday.

7. If it is now 10:00 A.M., what time is it 1,000 hours from now?

Step 1: Understand the Problem

Determine what time is it 1,000 hours from now if today is 10:00 A.M.,

Step 2: Devise a plan

We have 24 hours in a day

Let, x = hours
y = number of hours in a day
Equation 1: x / y = days
Count the quotient after 10:00 a.m.

Step 3: Carry out the plan

1000 / 24 = 41 days
41 X 24 = 984 hours 16 additional hours will take us to the 1000-hour mark.
We started at 10:00 AM. We must add 16 hours to 10:00 AM on the clock.
10:00 AM + 16 hours = 2:00 PM

Step 4: Review the solution

If it is now 10:00 A.M., the time is it 1,000 hours from now is 41 days and 16 hours and as we
convert 16 hours after 10 am into 12 hours counting in a clock the time will be 2:00 p.m.

8. If today is Thursday, what day is it 500 days from now?

Step 1: Understand the problem

What is the day today 500 days from now if today is Thursday

Step 2: Devise a plan

We have 7 days in a week.

Let, x = days from now
y = days in a week
Equation 1: x / y = Day is it 500 days from now

Step 3: Carry out the plan

Equation: x / y = Day is it 500 days from now

500 / 7 = 71.43

500 add 3 days to 497 to make it 500.

Use day of the week code (add 3 days from Thursday)
Sunday is the day it 500 days from now.

Step 4: Review the solution

This is the last Thursday of your 500 days. Add 3 days to make it 500. Friday, Saturday
and Sunday.

9. The product of the ages, in years, of three teenagers is 4590. None of the teens are same
age. What are the of the teenagers?

Step 1: Understand the problem

4,590 = product of the ages
13-19 = ages of teenagers
3 = number of teenagers involved
Ages of the teenagers and none of the three teenagers have the same ages.

Step 2: Devise a plan

Let, a = 1st teenager
b = 2nd teenager
c = 3rd teenager
Product of the ages in years of 3 teenagers is 4590
Check all possible range of teenagers age until getting the product of 4590
Equation: x • y • z = 4590

Step 3: Carry out the plan

13•14•15 2, 730
13•15•16 3, 120
13•16•17 3, 536
13•18•19 4, 446
14•15•16 3, 360
14•17•18 4, 284
14•18•19 4, 788
15•16•17 4, 080
15•17•18 4, 590

Step 4: Review the solution

To get the 4,590 we need to multiply each age of the teenager. It goes like this:
15 x 17 x 18 = 4,590

10. Hat and a jacket together cost $100. The jacket cost $90 more that the hat. What are the
cost of the hat and the cost of the jacket? Convert the cost in peso assuming that for every $1 =
₱50.00.

Step 1: Understand the problem

Hat and a jacket together cost $100. The jacket cost $90 more than the hat. What are
the cost of the hat and the cost of the jacket?

Step 2: Devise a plan

Let, x = cost of the hat

y = cost of the jacket
Equation 1: y = x+ $ 90 ($90 based on the first given)
Equation 2: x + y = $100

Step 3: Carry out the plan

x + (x + $90) = $100 x + y = $100

2x + $90 = $100 $ 5 + y =$ 100
2x = $100 –$ 90 y = $100 -$ 5
2x = $ 10 y = $95
2 2
x = $5
Converting dollars into peso; for every $1 = P50
Cost of the hat = $5; (5) (50) = P250
Cost of the jacket = $95 ; (95) (50) = P 4, 750

Step 4: Review the solution

Therefore, the total cost of hat and jacket should be total to $100 and the cost of jacket and hat
will be multiply by 50.00 to convert it into peso.