In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful ‘Verily in the Prophet you have the best example’ The Quran: Sura al-Ahzab 33:21Guide to Sira and Hadith Literature in Western Languages Munawar Ahmad Anees and Alia N. Athar Mansell Publishing Limited London and New YorkFirst published 1986 by Mansell Publishing Limited (A Subsidiary of the H.W. Wilson Company) 6 All Saints Sueet, London NI 9RL, England 950 University Avenue, Bronx, New York 10452, U.S.A. © Munawsr Ahmad Anees and Alia N. Athar 1986 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information rewieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Anees, Munawar Ahmad Guide to Sira and Hadith literature in western languages — (East-West University Islamic Studies) 1. Istasi—Bibliography 1. Title IL. Athar, Alia N. IIL. Series 016.297 27835.M6 ISBN 0-7201-1736—4 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Ances, Munawar A. Guide to Sira and Hadith literature in Western languages. West University Islamic studies) ography: p. Includes inde 1, Hadith—Bibliography. 1. Athar, AliaN. II. Title. IIL. Series. 835.M6A6 1986 (BP135] 016.297'124 86-696, ISBN 0-7201-1736-4 Phototypeset by Input Typesetting Ltd, London SW19 8DR Printed and bound in Great Britain,fer AishaContents Introduction Abbreviations Part One Reference Works General Works Islamic Studies Encyclopaedias Atlases Recurrent Bibliographies and Reviews Muslim Calendar Part Two The Sira General Studies Makkan Period Migration of the Prophet Medinan Period Family of the Prophet Wives of the Prophet Celebration of the Prophet's Birth Personality of the Prophet Prayers of the Prophet xi xxix 29 66 70 72 76 78 81viii Contents Prophecies about the Prophet ‘The Prophet's Journey to Jerusalem and Ascension Jerusalem Addresses of the Prophet Miracies of the Prophet Military Strategy and Peace Death of the Prophet Eschatology Letters and Documents Classical Works Women in the Sira Administrative Policies of the Prophet ‘The Quran and the Prophet Sunna Shariah Medicine of the Prophet Companions of the Prophet Al-Khulafa ar-Rashidun Abu Bakr Umar Uthman - Ali Khilafah Linguistic Studies Poetry of the Sira Apologetics Juvenile Literature Sira in Sufi Literature Sira in Western Literature Orientalism Critiques of Orientalism Part Three Comparative Studies on the Sira Sira and Judaism Sira and Christianity 83 86 88 90 91 91 98 100 102 104 seee 14 118 122 130 134 135 143 148 149 152 153 157 158 160 165 167 170 174 176 184 189 195,Part Four Hadith General Studies Hadith Qudsi Collection Transmission Authentication Ulum al-Hadith Translations Commentaries Selections Concordances Interpretations Manuscripts The Quran and Hadith Hadith and Jurisprudence Traditionists Bukhari Nawawi Ahmad ibn Hanbal Malik ibn Anas Shafi Abu Hanifah Anti-Hadith Movement Part Five Shiaism General Works Family Members of the Prophet Shia Collections Imamat Temporary Marriage Contents ix 205 209 210 2 216 223 230 235 237 244 245 254 259 262 270 280 286 288 290 291 293 295 297 302 306 309 3hx Contents Part Six Prophethood Basic Concept Finality of Prophethood Ahmadiyyah Doctrine Studies on Ahmadiyyah Doctrine Pseudo Prophets Part Seven Historiography General Works Biographical Dictionaries Arabic Literature Author Index 315 320 323 328 337 339 348 351Introduction xi Introduction Information management is an old Muslim practice. In fact, much of what we observe today as Islamic culture has been largely shaped by accuracy and precision with which the past generations of Muslims preserved and transmitted information. In the Muslim culture information was not a commodity that was packaged and sold. Instead, it was the lifeline, the mould that shaped the cultural milieu which drew its characteristics and traits from the world-view of Islam. This cultural uniqueness was achieved through an all-pervasive influence of the Quran and Sira of the Blessed Prophet. The advent of Islam was the beginning of a new world-view that necessitated revolutionary changes in all walks of life, a change initiated by the Quran and Sira, There were those individuals who had spent most of their time in the company of the Prophet while others were only recent converts to Islam, Alter the death of the Prophet, the nascent Muslim community was in dire need of preserving the Revealed Guidance as well as detailed information about life and deeds of the Prophet. How these two monumental tasks were achieved lies at the heart of the Muslim attitude towards information management. ‘The need for the preservation and transmission of information grew with the rapid expansion of the Muslim community beyond the confines of Arabia. People of different ethnic and linguistic origins were becoming Muslims and it was vital that the information conveyed to them, whether written or oral, be authentic, accurate and verifiable. The Quran had already been collected and edited by the Prophet himself, and Seyyedah Hafsa bint Umar (one of the wives of the Prophet) entrusted a copy of the Mushaf to Seyyedna Abu Bakr when he became the first Khalifah after the Prophet. There is irrefutable evidence, based on the authority of Askab ar-Rasul (Companions), Kuttab al- Wahi Scribers of Revelation) and Qurra Quran Reciters), that the text of thexii Introduction Quran was preserved through a meticulous effort and its integrity remains unchallenged.* Interpretation and exegesis of the Quran remains incomplete without refer- ence to the Sira, which in itself is a commentary on the Quran. It was the need to understand the Quran and the obligation to follow the Suna of the Prophet that gave birth to a whole new body of literature: Sira and Maghazi. To begin with, in the classical Arabic tradition, it existed as a form of oral literature and gradually developed into the written form. The contents of this oral/written literature were provided by Ahadith (Traditions) of the Prophet. Ahadith were collected during the lifetime of the Prophet. Wives and Companions of the Prophet, who had the privilege of learning directly from him, practised the Sunna and passed the knowledge of Hadith to succeeding generations. They employed all conceivable means, including written records, memorization and practice, to preserve and transmit the prophetic Hadith. There is positive evidence that some of the Companions wrote down Ahadith and maintained an extremely accurate record of sayings and doings of the Prophet. These written records were known as Suhuf and more than a dozen are reported to have existed at that time. An example of the earliest extant collection of such Ahadith, which was transmitted on the authority of Abu Hurairah, is offered by Sahifak Hammam ibn Munabbih: a collection of 138 Ahadith, it was incorporated in its entirety by Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (164~-241/780-855) in his Musnad, and at least 100 Ahadith, complete with Isnad from the Sahifah, are to be found in al-Jami as-Sahih al-Bukhari.2 Tn Muslim culture, therefore, collection, preservation and transmission of information involved a multitude of activities, Information was not a frag- mented ot isolated phenomenon, but a combination of knowledge and infor- mation. Its acquisition was obligatory and so was its wansmission. The knowl- edge dimension of information imparted a unique aspect to the latter. It became obvious that transmission of information carried an ethical responsibility as well as individual accountability for accuracy in transmission. Moreover, an individual in such a culture served dual functions: at once a receiver and a transmitter. ‘Transmission of Ahadith could be said to have begun even during the lifetime of the Prophet. However, it grew exponentially in the first two hundred years of Hijra. A few isolated and infrequent incidents of Hadith fabrication aside (carried out by certain individuals for banal political purposes or motivated by sectarian influences), by the end of the second century of Hijra it had fully developed into one of the most important branches of Islamic knowledge. At that point it came to be known as Ulum al-Hadith with its unique methodology for determining authenticity of Hadith transmission. Ulm al-Hadith, in modern terms, is a multidisciplinary field. It can rightly be regarded as a precursor to the entire genre of Arabic biographical literature as well as genealogy, Zsnad (chains of transmitters) became its major object of study and investigation and I/m ar-Rijal (Science of biography) its main tool for authentication. Looking at the elaborate methodology that evolved throughIntroduction xiii Ulum al-Hadith, including rules for transmission, textual criticism, chrono- logical authenticity, papyri, and similar criteria for validation, Ulum al-Hadith offers a unique example of information management. It is the only branch of knowledge that requires a personal ethical responsibility on the part of individ- uals who involve themselves in this endeavour. In its quest for exactitude, it held accountable those who transmitted information. It offered a methodolog- ical balance by not invoking wholesale rejection of transmitted material but designating it in a graded fashion, depending on the external and internal validation. Judged from this criterion, Ulum al-Hadith présents a pioneering example in critical historiography The knowledge dimension of information as exemplified by Sira and Hadith literature sets it apart from any other branch of knowledge or genre. It not only depended upon and demanded methodological ethics and accountability, it shaped a world-view that was actualized. In that sense, it was knowledge, based on accurate transmission of information that was applied at individual and collective level. Yet another unique aspect of Ulum is the fact that it offered no room for abstraction or impersonal and theoretical adventures where epistemology overrides social and cultural concerns. It exacted a deeply moral and ethical pursuit and exhorted the individuals and societies to imbibe it as a living example. ‘The methodology of Sira and Hadith literature is the only methodology that constantly and objectively proves that it is working. That is to say, that a critical internal assessment of the validity of its principal sources and its vali- dation criteria were constantly under scrutiny. A self-imposed critical evaluation with a feedback mechanism involving not only textual analysis but biographical studies on narrators, chronological accuracy, linguistic and geographical parameters, authentication of oral and written records, contextual denomi- nators, all point to different aspects that are unique to Ulum. For example, by employing the highly developed method of Int al-Firah wa at-Tadil (Hadith criticism), Ahadith could be classified in so many different categories that each category accurately reficcted almost every imaginable situation under which a particular segment of information was transmitted. Thus, an accepted Hadith could be Sahih (authentic) or Hasan (agreeable). A Sahih Hadith in turn sub- divided as Sahih li Dhatihi (authentic by itself) and Sahih li Ghairhi (authentic due to presence of others) as is the case for Hasan.’ Furthermore, an elaborate classification of Isnad exists as well to designate a Hadith as Mutatoutir where a majority of narrators have indisputable concensus either in words or in meanings; and Ahad where the number of narrators does not approximate that of Mutawatir. In turn it is classified under several subdivisions: al-Mashhur (transmitted by three or more narrators in every stage), Marfu (chain going back to the Prophet, though broken), Muttasil (unbroken chain), etc.* The relevance of Sira and Hadith fiterature in the life of the Muslim community has been questioned and debateds and such debates can be traced as far back as the Mutazilah (the rationalist group) who objected to the alleged anthropomorphism in Hadith literature. Others, such as Imam ash-Shafii andxiv Introduction his opponents, engaged in evaluating the merits of Hadith in formulating the principles of Figh (jurisprudence). Moreover, there have been differing opinions on the subject of sources and interpretation of the Sunna and the place of Hadith in expounding Sira of the Prophet. Much of this age-old debate has, by and large, concerned itself with the status of Hadith rather than its method. ology. There is, however, one exception in this case. ‘The Shia, as opposed to the majority Sunni Ahadith, follow an entirely different chain of transmitters, namely that of Ali al-Bait (family members of the Prophet), and altogether reject Sunni sources. Consequently, one finds differences in the mode of their application in areas such as Fiqh, Ijtihad and Jima. From an information manageinent viewpoint, it can be argued that Sira and Hadith material is distinguished from other literature by its unique, in-built moral and ethical parameters, accountability, knowledge dimension of the infor- mation contents, and universal applicability. Apart from its metaphysical relevance, Sira and Hadith literature has a strong empirical base: it is the material that is followed and practised in spirit and letter throughout the Muslim world, with the integrity of the Quran as the final arbitrator Some of the most enduring developments in Arabic literature can be directly attributed to the influence of Sira and Hadith methodology. Consider the example of Arabic biographical dictionaries, which form a unique class in themselves, The process of authentication of Isnad necessitated the accumu lation of vast amounts of biographical data, and such dictionaries came into being as a by-product. These dictionaries also produced a tremendous refine- ment in genealogical details that were in rather obscure form. Pre-Islatn culture was predominantly an oral culture. The Quranic emphasis upon reading and writing and the impact of Sunna of the Prophet may very well be regarded as the major influences for the development of Arabic prose. This development brings forward yet another point: Sira and Hadith literature served as the Progenitor for one of the most important devices for information storage and rewieval, namely, the biographical dictionary. By the second century of Hijra, the six works of Hadith (Sihah axSittah) were available and represented the culmination of Ulum al-Hadith. Much prior to that, Sira works had become widely circulated. For the next several hundred years, we observe a tremendous growth of commentaries on Hadith and critical studies on Hadith methodology. After the decline of innovative spirit in Muslim culture, Hadith commentaries became a monolithic exercise, ‘There were commentaries upon commentaries upon commentaries, In the same vein, the genre of Arbaun Hadith (Forty Hadith) was born and followed at length by students of Hadith.* In modern times, Hadith scholarship has not moved much beyond the static point except for the ill-founded interpretation of scientific data and the atiempted corroboration through Hadith literatureUlum Al-Hadith: Epistemological Dimension — xv Ulum Al-Hadith: Epistemological Dimension The development of Ulum al-Hadith was beneficial to Muslim culture from at least two entirely different approaches. First, it created a systematized body of knowledge that was a vast storehouse of information about sayings of the Prophet, his deeds, description of his Sifat (physical features) and his tacit approvals. This process of collection of Ahadith and Sira works can be compared to information packaging, although this simile does not adequately acknowledge the great intellectual effort that was at work behind this process of preservation and transmission. Indeed, part of the Muslim intellectual approach to information management is reflected in the methodology that was developed for authentication of Hadith literature. This methodology first provided a physical structure to the available information and then established the basic parameters that put this information in the right perspective in relation to the Quran and Sunna, In that sense, it is an ideal example of the convergence of knowledge and information. Secondly, it was in the evolution of Hadith methodology that the most prominent features of Islamic epistemology were crystallized. In this framework, knowledge was not treated as a fragmented entity, it was part of a whole. Information contents of knowledge were deened to have served no useful purpose outside the suprastructure of knowledge that determined its generation as well as diffusion. Empirical and rational validity of knowledge was not an end in itself. Whereas accuracy and precision of information was highly prized, or rather considered to be obligatory acts, this virtue by itself did not bestow the status of knowledge to assorted bits of information. The revealed knowledge, as detailed in the Quran, served as the guiding light, and errors of judgement or historical fallacies could always be remedied by the use of the principles of Ima (consensus). This insight can be invoked to explain a unique psychological dimension of the Muslim scholar: humility. This humility was neither an index of the fear of the phenomenon, nor an individualized flight of fancy. Instead, it was a personification of collective consciousness to knowledge with a shared sense of accountability. In this sense those who dared to fabricate Hadith or designate it as a fabrication denied themselves an opportunity to partake in this moral-intellectual exercise of enduring significance. The classification of Ahadith, based on numerous parameters that surrounded their preservation and ultimate transmission, could be regarded to have paved the way for Muslim classification of knowledge in later centuries. Knowledge has remained the hallmark of Muslim culture. The Quranic emphasis on the acquisition of knowledge and the Prophet’s Sunna were the main inspirations for Muslim pursuit of it. The Quran itself uses more than 800 times the word ilm (knowledge) or its derivatives, while the Prophet’s example, the existencexvi Introduction of Kuttab, uranscription of the Quranic text, practice of writing Suhuf and similar indicators of activities of reading and writing demonstrate that the nascent Muslim society emerged with a well-grounded epistemological supra- structure. The evolution of Muslim society was thus inextricably linked with the growth of knowledge for the Muslim social structure and the structure of knowledge had become mutually inclusive. ‘This cultural-epistemological symbiosis, of necessity, produced some of the most fascinating studies on knowledge carried out at a civilizational scale. Not only was the pursuit of knowledge a Muslim pre-occupation, but also was epistemology. Thus, there was a proliferation of definitions and expositions of knowledge. Those definitions were not mere etymological exercises; instead they reflected the ideational and value-laden emphasis upon knowledge. Rosen- thal lists and describes more than one hundred such definitions of knowledge attempted by Muslim scholars.? These expositions display a deep appreciation of the role of intellectual endeavours in human society, since they reflect the relationship of knowledge to social progress. Even such abstract definitions of human consciousness as the basis for “knowing” found their way into these discourses. The methodology of grading Ahadith on the basis of such tangible and intangible criteria as Isnad, Im ar-Rijal, Tabagat, Ilm al-Jirah wa at-Tadil, thus provided the raw material for working out a classification of other branches of knowledge, differentiated by fine shades of content as well as by generative contexts. A pragmatic approach was visible, While the Quran and Ahadith were duly accorded the prime position in the world of knowledge, the unity of all knowledge was not forgotten. This was the epic of the Muslim mind that synthesized physical and metaphysical, subjective and objective values and facts into a unified world-view. A classification of knowledge was attempted not to create certain discrete individual disciplines for isolated study but to broaden the horizons of knowledge. Whatever the epistemological schemata, the over- riding concern of Muslim scholars was not to lose sight of the ethical and moral contexts of knowledge. As a demonstration of intellectual honesty, these scholars, while upholding the cause of knowledge more than anything else, did categorize it as praiseworthy and blameworthy. These attributes of knowledge were neither etymological nor epistemological in origin, but sprang from the Muslim world-view that accorded due recognition to justice and accountability simultaneously at individual and collective levels. ‘The first attempt to undertake a classification of knowledge by Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi (d. 259/873), coincided with the period of maturity of Uhon al- Hadith, at least in the sense that Sikah as-Sitzah had become widely available by that time and a familiarity with Hadith methodology was not uncommon. A more elaborate classification scheme was developed by Abu Nasr al-Farabi (d. 338/950), contained in his De Seientiis (i.e., the Latin translation of his work by Gerard of Cremona). It was further improved upon by Abu Ali Ibn Sina 309-428/980~1037). Both Imam al-Ghazali 449-S04/1058-1111) and Ibn.Bibliographical Control xvii Khaldun (732-808/1332-1406) thoroughly analyzed the then extant classifiew- tions of knowledge and made enduring contributions in this field.* Tt can be argued that Muslim epistemology is a reflection of a world-view and the same is evident through the Muslim approach to the classification of knowledge. From a purely information management perspective, this is an important insight. The classification, i.c., infrastructure of epistemology, is construct. In fact, it is the construct upon which the information thrives. The process of acquisition of information, its analysis, and its final packaging is guided by the dictates of this construct. Similarly, interdisciplinary grouping and multidisciplinary and contextual proximity are greatly influenced by a given classification struciiire that can strongly influence the shaping of a world-view. This is a subtle phenomenon and one is surprised to note that Muslim scholars while extensively traversing epistemological territory, did not fail to maintain the methodological balance between values and facts. ‘An overview of the development of Muslim classification of knowledge vividly displays the impact of Hadith methodology in terms of conceptual analysis. contextual organization, and setting the ethical parameters that governed the flow of both knowledge and information in the Muslim society. In the final analysis, Sira and Hadith methodology may be seen as the most significant developments in the history of Islamic knowledge that helped shape a unique epistemology, served as precursor to a number of literary genre, and above all, set a civilization on its course. Bibliographical Control ‘The precision and accuracy that so characterized Uhun al-Hadith was soon w be translated into tangible information products. While Sihah as-Sittal ant Sira works served as the basic tools, there was a vast amount of literature on both of these subjects that included commentaries, biographical dictionaries, narrative and interpretive works, Tabagat, genealogical tables, and geographical treatises. By the end of the fourth century, prolific Muslim scholarship had set the stage for the initiation of an claborate network of bibliographical control ‘The pioneering example is that of Kitab al-Fihrist, compiled in 377/988 in Istanbul by Abu al-Faraj Muhammad ibn Ishaq, better known as Ibn Abi Yaqub an-Nadim. This remarkable bibliography is an index of books written in Arabic by both Arabs and non-Arabs. In the ten sections of the book, individual authors are grouped chronologically followed by brief biographicalxviii Tntroduction notes and @ list of their works, often with annotations. For many entries, such technical information as the total number of pages and lines per page is given. At places, one even finds book trade data on holdings of private libraries and book auctions.° ALFihrist reflects the epic of Muslim intellectual endeavours. The mere fact that precise bibliographical control was instituted almost one thousand years ago indicates how Muslim culture valued information and strived for its preser- vation, It is reported that Ibn an-Nadim included only those books in al-Fikrist that he had personally examined in libraries and personal collections or the titles for which trustworthy reports were made available to him, The structure of AL-Fihrist tells us that the information control was not motivated by sectarian interests but was guided solely by scholarly pursuits.!0 Ibn an-Nadim was followed by a number of great bibliographers from of the Muslim world, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ali Abu Tusi (385-460/996-1068) is famous for his Fibrist Kutub ash-Shia that was based on Ibn an-Nadim’s work and complemented it by adding more material on works by Shia authors. Filrist al-Kutub wa at-Talif by Ibn Khair al-Ishbili (493-574/1100-79), a Muhaddith and philologist from Muslim Spain, lists some 1,400 works along with a bibliography of previous bibliographies and catalogues. In Turkey, under Uthmaniyyah (The Ottomans), Miftah as- Sadat wa Misbah as-Sivadat, compiled by Ahmad ibn Mustafa ibn Khalil (900-68/1495--1S61) covered major Turkish contributions. However, the prin- cipal work from that part of the Muslim world was that of Mustafa ibn Abd Allah (better known as Haji Khalifah, 1016~67/1608~57), entitled Kushf az- Zunun that listed nearly 25,000 Arabic and Turkish titles by some 9,500 authors. It was he who first introduced the concept of listing by title rather than by author. A Latin translation by Gustay Flugel was published in seven volumes during the period 1835-58 and a supplement to Kashf was issued in Istanbul in 1945, containing 12,000 additional titles. Kashf al-Hujub wa Astaran Asma al-Kutub wa al-Asfar, compiled by Seyyed Ijaz Husain Kantoori (1240 -86/1825~70) also deserves mention. This bibliographical compilation, one of the earliest known from the Pakistan-Indian sub-continent, contained 3,414 Shia listings. The most recent attempt for bibliographic control is exem- plified by Qumus al-Kiiwb that was initiated by Baba-i-Urdu Maulana Abdul Hag and was an attempt to list all the books ever published in Urdu. While this impressive intellectual Muslim heritage is noted with delight, the present state-of-the-art of Muslim bibliography provides a sad commentary on this legacy. It can be argued that bibliographic consciousness declined in Muslim culture some 400 year's ago, and that Kashf az-Zunun of Haji Khalifah is the lust of the classical bibliographic compilations. Even a cursory look at the bibliographic control across the Muslim world reveals a pathetic situation. Contemporary library and information practices are not followed. National bibliographies are in shambles. Bibliographical standardization is virtually non- existent. All in all, hundreds of thousands of manuscripts that lie buried in obscure storehouses and as many books and other published material thatStudy of Sira and Hadith Literature xix originated from the Muslim world await a revolutionary change in our theory and practice of bibliography.!2 Study of Sira and Hadith Literature Within the traditional Islamic curriculum pursued at Madaris, study of Sira and Hadith has rightly enjoyed a prime place. The devotion to Hadith learning is evident from the simple fact that early scholars of the Muslim world travelled to far off places to acquire knowledge of Hadith. It was considered more honourable to engage in Riklah (travel) than to indulge in the comfort of book study (Kitabah). Thus it was not uncommon for a student of Hadith to spend most of his life visiting Muhaddithun in areas stretching from Istanbul to Algiers. The grant of [jaza (certificate) to a student of Hadith was the sign of successful completion of an extended, critical study of the literature, and it often carried the names of the masters under whom he pursued his studies. Beyond Sikak as-Sittah, many other Hadith collections such as Musnad, and Arbain became popular with individual Muhaddithun. Commentaries on Sihah as-Sitiah and other collections and concordances (Mujam al-Alfaz) also flourished. Unfortunately, after the first eight centuries, Hadith scholarship became static. Monolithic commentaries were written that had little or no relevance to the socio-cultural problems of the Muslim society. The decline in Hadith scholarship, as a natural corollary, coincides with the decline in Muslim intellectual output in terms of both quality and quantity Our concern here is with the modern scholarship on Sira and Hadith litera- ture, in Western languages dating roughly back three hundred years, The use of such Janguages as English, French and German by Muslim scholars is of relatively recent origin. It was partly due to the colonial influence that some Muslim scholars during the eighteenth century began to write in these langu- ages. In more recent times, it is motivated by the educational needs of Muslims in Western countries as well as by the need to promote Islam among non- Muslims. In the case of the Sira, none of the classical works have been translated into a Western language by a contemporary Muslim scholar. While works on the Sira abound, the quality is variable, ranging from poor to highly commendable ‘Most of them are meant for general readers and, hence, do not make appropriate reference to classical literature on the subject. It should be mentioned that most English-language Sira and Hadith literature is directly translated from thexx Introduction Urdu originals, a point often overlooked in the contemporary Muslim revival. of Urdu being the youngest Muslim language, Islamic literature of ble quality and quantity has appeared in it. Its role, beginning with the 1857 Pakistan Freedom Movement, deserves an exhaustive study. Among general studies of Sira The Eternal Message of Muhammad by Abd Rahman Azzam, The Life of Muhammad by Muhammad Husayn Haykal and the most recent Muhammad —His Life based on the Earliest Sources by Abu Bakr Siraj ad-Din (Martin Lings) deserve mention. The last work is considered the best book on the Sira and was recently awarded a prize by the Government of Pakistan. The recent practice of some Pakistani publishers of reprinting early Western apologetic works of the Sira is not a desirable activity. A substantial amount of quality literature on the Sira, mostly published in Pakistan, is now available for juvenile readers as well. . The translation of parts of al-Fami as-Sahih al-Bukhari was attempted in English in the carly 1920s, and later complete translations were published. Sahih al-Bukhari remains the most translated of all Hadith works, followed by translations of the Sahih of Imam Muslim and al-Muwaita of Imam Malik. Some years before complete wanslations of Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim were published, a complete English translation of Mishkat al-Masabih was available. Muhammad Hamidullah’s scrupulous scholarship in such languages as Arabic, Urdu, Turkish, English and French has been a major contribution to the contemporary study of Sira and Hadith literature. His doctoral research on letters and documents of the Prophet and al-Khulafa ar-Rashidun, followed by his study of Sakifah Hammam ibn Munabbih, have proved to be works of enduring significance for Hadith authentication. ‘The study of Hadith as an academic discipline in the contemporary sense, was initiated by Muhammad Zubayr Siddiqi, who wrote the first exhaustive treatise in English on Hadith methodology, although his pioneering work has gone largely unnoticed. Later works by Muhammad Mustafa Azami added uselill material to the subject, including critical study of some early texts; he was awarded the King Faisal International Prize for the same. Preliminary studies by Muhammad Azizullah, Muhammad Abdul Raufand Abd ar-Rahman 1. Doi have helped popular understanding of Hadith methodology. Ahmad Hasan of the Islamic Research Institute, Islamabad, has undoubtedly made a significant contribution in expounding the relationship between Hadith and Fiqh. More recently, translations of Arbain have flourished, especially that of Imam. an-Nawawi; but al-Mundhari’s Arbain is perhaps the only exception. An- Nawawi’s Riyadh as-Salihin has seen two English translations within the last decade or so. No tuli-length commentary of major Hadith collections has been attempted except for a translation of an Urdu commentary on Sahth al-Bukhari. Similarly, there is no concordance of Hadith literature in a Western language prepared by a Muslim scholar and based on contemporary linguistic methodology.Study of Siva and Hadith Literatwe — xxi The periodical literature on the subject has, by and large, presented a more positive and extensive picture. The Quarterly Islamic Culture (first published in 1927 with Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall, the celebrated translutor of the Quran, as its editor), represents perhaps the only scholarly Muslim periodical in English that has such a sustained record of publication. Hamdard Islamicus, in less than a decade, has gained a fair reputation. At least four good periodicals were begun during the past two decades: Islamic Quarterly, Islamic Studies, Islam and the Modern Age, and Studies in Islam. It is a pity that the monthly Islamic Literature, launched by the largest publisher of English-language books on Islamic Studies, Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf (Lahore), ceased publication some time ago. Majallaul-Azhar has continued publication in English and French, while the fournal Rabetat al-Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) maintains a fair standard of articles with emphasis upon Muslim unity. Muslim World Book Review has recently emerged as a leading outlet for critical essays, reviews, bibliographies, and book notices on various aspects of Islamic Studies, It has established a reputation for intellectual analysis of contemporary Muslim and non-Muslim scholarship. The issue of bibliographical control of Sira and Hadith literature presents a bleak picture both in terms of methodology and products, and leaves much to be desired. Muhammad Maher Hamadeh’s bibliography of Sira literature (prepared as his 1965 doctoral thesis) remains unpublished, though it is still useful for its coverage of selected Arabic and Urdu literature. Anees and Athar published (1980) a bibliographical compilation on Hadith and Sira literature, with over 1,600 annotated citations. At the same time, Ahmad von Denties’s bibliography of Hadith was issued by the Islamic Foundation. The Islamic Documentation Centre of the University of Karachi has recently published a small bibliography of Quranic Studies in Western languages, while the Organis ation of Islamic Conference Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA), Istanbul, is about to publish a bibliography of translations of the Quran in over seventy languages of the world. In presenting an innovative classification scheme for Islamic literature, Sardar has rightly pointed out that ‘In our times, conceptual analyses and classification of knowledge as a subject of study have been virtually shelved by Muslim scholars.’!? There can be little argument that this decline is a general indicator of Muslim intellectual decay. The existing Western classification systems such as Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), Library of Congress Classification (L.C), Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) and Bibliotechus-Bibliografic ishoya Klamifikatory (BBK) come with a specific orientation and fail to meet the special requirements of literature on Islam and the Muslim world. From the viewpoint of information management, the present situation across the Muslim world is 2 corollary of decline in Hadith scholarship and a luck of consistent use of its methodology. We have argued that Hadith methodology, based upon the world-view of Islam, paved the way for a number of tangible information products such as knowledge classification schemes, biographical dictionaries and bibliographies. There is every reason to believe that the returnxsi Zntroduction - to the same time-honoured methodology in our bibliographical practices would yield the desired results. In so doing, we will be bridging an important gap in our information strategies. Western Scholarship A ‘systematic’ study of Sirw and Hadith literature in the West began with the publication of Goldziher’s Muhammadanische Studien (1888-90). Prior to that, a number of biographies of the Prophet were in circulation, written, almost without exception, in hostile language and with the usual characterization of the Prophet and Muslims as infidels. Some of the themes advanced through this literature were the depiction of the Prophet as a pirate of the Jewish and Christian heritage, as one who advocated and practised licentiousness, who incited his followers to bloody wars, and who sought and gained great political power at the strength of a perverted religiosity. These biographical works flourished from the seventeenth through the early twentieth centuries and were no doubt one way for the West to let out the steam of bitterness of the Crusades. However, they gradually ossified into a typical Western trait—a trait that lingers on today. There is no discernible change in the polemical content of some Western studies on the Sira, except that there is a subtle dodge in style and a purported attempt toward an inter-faith dialogue. During the last two centuries, when major parts of the Muslim world suffered at the hands of Western colonialism and Orientalism was born as the long arm of Imperialism, Islamic Studies, as an academic discipline, became the target of one of the most blatant exercises in intellectual dishonesty. In a bid to conduct an ‘objective’ and ‘scientific’ study of Islam, Orientalism displayed a gross neglect of the ethos of Muslim peoples, it invoked the infamous strategy of ethnocentrism, and painted a picture of Islam as an impediment to growth and development. Today, Orientalism stands discredited, its paradigms demol- ished and its world-view of socio-cultural imperialism no longer valid, thanks largely to the works of Abdul Lauif Tibawi, Malik Bennabi, Anouar Abdel Malik and Edward W. Said. What concerns us here is the Orientalist method- ology of the study of Sira and Hadith literature. ‘The Orientulists did not add anything of substance to the literature that they inherited from the medieval authors. Some philological and geographical studies were made, with the final intent to change the Arabic script in the hope that the rest of the Muslim world would follow the Turkish example. TheirWestern Scholarship xxiii characterization of the Prophet and Muslims at large was a mere repetition of the prejudices and hatred that were rampant in the earlier literature. The publication of edited versions of certain classical works, a few assorted tans- lations and explanatory works on methodology of the Hadith is all chat Orienta istic scholarship adds up to. Alfred Guillaume, an Anglican clergyman and a one-time political officer at the Atab Bureau, translated Ibn Ishaq’s Sirat Rasul Allah that turned out to be interpolated and erroneous. Tibawi has dealt with the question of Guillaume’s translation at length.!* Prior to that, Guillaume had published a full-length work on Hadith methodology. During the latter part of the nineteenth century, some of the classical works, such as those of Ibn Sad, az-Zuhri, at-Tabari and Ibn Hisham, were edited by French and German Orientalists In the case of Hadith literature, another member of the clergy, The Reverend James Robson translated Mishkat al-Masabih in its entirety and wrote a number of essays on Hadith transmission. Sahih al-Bukhari has been translated several times into French. Wensinck and colleagues prepared a Hadith concordance while Nabia Abbott consistently worked on dating Arabic papyri. Goldziher and Joseph Schacht made vain attempts to discredit Hadith methodology by raising objections to Hadith transmission and authentication. They also encroached upon the integrity of Fiqh as a viable system that blended Sira and Hadith as one of its constituent elements. Muhammad Abu Zahra and Ahmad Hassan, ina number of works, have effectively dealt with this question. Certain other clergy-cum-Orientalists, such as W. Montgomery Watt and Kenneth Cragg, have continued their probes of the socio-economic origins of Islam in their subtle approach to challenge Islam as a way of life, distinct either from Judaism or Christianity. Some notable exceptions to run-of-the-mill Orientalistic scholarship are the meticulous study of catalogues of Arabic manuscripts by A. J. Arberry, the translation of Ibn an-Nadim’s Kitab al-Fihrist by Bayard Dodge, the publication of Ibn Khallikan’s Kitab al-Wafayat al-Ayan and the monumental work of Leone Caetani that serves as an exhaustive chronicle. Nearly a decade ago, under the patronage of the Centre National de le Recherche Scientifique, Paris, the project entitled Onomasticum Arabicum made a good start in the development of computer-assisted listings of Muslim biographical data but it has apparenly been shelved after some preliminary work. Partly because of Muslim neglect of the field, and partly to preserve and protect their ‘intellectual space’, Orientalists have dominated bibliographical control of Islamic Studies. The compilations by Christian Schnurrer, Victor Chauvin and Giuseppe Gabrieli provide insight into the early works produced in Western languages. With the advent of specialized bibliographical journals and recurrent bibliographies, Orientalistic monopoly of information manage- ment became more blatant. The practice of review and citation analysis gained prestige and it was invoked to keep the names and works of selected ‘experts’ in the limelight. The German Orientalists were the first to introduce this kind of biblio-xxiv Introduction graphical domination through journals such as Ovientalistische Literaturzeitung. Later were Absiracta Islamica and Bibliotheca Orientalis. In 1952, a UNESCO supported annual Juternational Bibliography of the Hisiory of Religions attempted to create some balance in the coverage of Islamic literature, but it ceased publication in the early 1970s and has now been replaced by the quarterly Science of Religion: Abswracts and Index of Recent Articles, with the obvious shortcoming of the complete neglect of books and monographs. Two American quarterlies Muslim World and Middle East Jounal have provided the readers with consistent bibliographical intelligence, with the former only recently giving partial coverage to Arabic language material. The ‘prestigious’ French Bulletin Signaletiqne 527: Histoire et Sciences des Religions began to cover Islamic litera- ture as recently as 1976. ‘The first modern cunmulative bibliography on Islamic Studies is Index Islam- icus which was published in 1958 and since then has been followed by five- year supplements. In addition, a separate Quarterly Index Islamicus, now spon- sored by the Al al-Bait Foundation, Amman, Jordan, and published by Mansell, London, made its first appearance in 1977. Both of these publications are characterized by a neglect of literature originating from the Muslim world. The editors have had to depend on materials available in European libraries. However, the partial coverage given to Muslim-world material is absurd: for instance, while the less influential Berber language is given prominence, there is a total lack of coverage of Urdu-language material. Western language periodicals published in Muslim countries find a bare minimum coverage compared to the Western missionary literature published in those countries. The present editor of Index Islamicus, however, is now attempting to provide a broader coverage of Muslim-published materials. In the wake of the present Western monopoly of information systems, it would appear that Muslim information scientists have either failed to grasp the danger inherent in a slow bibliographic death of Islamic literature or have been unable to come up with alternative conceptual schemes for innovative classification systems. None of this seems to be true, In a critical analysis of Mideast File and The Middle East: Abstracts and Index, Sardar has pointed out that Muslim scholars who use such Western reference tools suffer from two complexes: because of a blackout of their own works by these journals, they begin to develop doubis about the quality of their intellectual output with an attendant lack of ‘real feeling and appreciation of the intellectual activity now thriving in the Middle East’, Sardar goes on to state that such emerging disciplines as Islamic science, Islamic futures, and Islamic economics do not find a mention in these reference publications simply because they pose a challenge to the Western world-view. '® In order to establish the pivotal role of Hadith methodology in the develop- ment of information systems and products, in the presence of Western domi- nation of information systems, it is imperative that Muslim information scien- tists five themselves from Western intellectual slavery and develop their own holarship that will eater to the world-view of Islam. ~Structure of Bibliography xxv Structure of Bibliography The present study marks a significant departure from current bibliographical coverage of the Sira and Hadith, brought about by the lack of both a thorough coverage of the material and an analytical subject arrangement. A brief descrip- tion of the structure of this bibliography is, therefore, necessary. For the first time, this bibliography brings together a vast amount of material in major Western languages—English, French, German, Spanish, Russian, Swedish, Danish, and Serbo-Croatian—published by Muslim and non-Muslim authors, dating from the carly sixteenth century through the first quarter of 1985. A partial coverage of the Turkish-language material has been included, if for no other reason than that it is one of the most important Muslim languages recently converted to the Roman script. The material is presented under a detailed classification scheme that takes into account the relevance and signifi- cance of chronological, historiographical and methodological perspectives. A fair amount of appropriate cross-indexing has been included for related citations, and all citations follow the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) bibliographic format, with the addition of International Standard Book Number (ISBN) when readily available. All entries have been prepared in machine-readable format and can be utilized for on-line searching with the aid of a permutated subject thesaurus. ‘The main bibliographical entry is usually followed by an informative, non- evaluative annotation. In the case of book and monograph citations, one or more published reviews (where available) are cited that may be consulted for evaluation purposes, Where appropriate, book and monograph entries are followed by information on publishing history, such as revisions, editions, reprints or translations. Most non-English language entries have been translated and the Arabic names and titles are provided in the phonetic transliteration format. Full proper names of classical authors with their dates of birth and/or death according to Hijra and Gregorian calendars have been given. Some of the mistakes often encountered in Western reference literature have been avoided. For instance, the classical works are listed under the original author’s name rather than the name of editor or translator. The coverage of this work extends to books, monographs, conference proceedings, dissertations, theses, journal articles, book chapters and miscel- laneous material. An attempt has been made to provide maximum coverage to the book and periodical literature of Muslim origin. It is, therefore, obvious that the users of this Guide will discover much material not accessible through any of the existing reference tools. In the case of periodicals, some defunct but important journals have been left out due to insurmountable problems of accession. In the case of dissertation/thesis entries, information on the avail-xxvii Introduction ability of microfilm or hard copy has been provided with order numbers, where available. At least a few subject categories deserve mention. Studies on the subject of Islamic calendrical practice have been included for reasons of historical accuracy and chronological authentication. The concept of prophethood has been studied intensively, and especially during the last century when Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian created a great stir in the Ummah by his claim to the so-called ‘reflective prophethood’. The controversy on the concept of Khaum an- Nubwexvai (Finality of Prophethood) has generated a substantial body of litera- ture and this Guide provides a comprehensive coverage of the subject from both sides. In the context of Hadith transmission as well as the interpretation of the concept of Khilafah and Imamah, there is a considerable difference among Sunni and Shia members of Muslim community. An attempt has been made to collate, for the first time, the relevant Shia literature on this subject, in addition to source material on Shia Ahadith. The present compilation has strengthened the conviction that Muslim scholars must reassess their position with regard to the dominant world-views, whether they are operative at conceptual stage or manifested at the more grass- roots level. The price for this intellectual subservience is too high. The Western domination is too pervasive—from the generative point of logos through the manufactured stage of empirical verification to the culmination of information in bibliographical products. What Muslim information scientists need is a revolution in theory and practice of information management—the ingredients of which they uniquely possess both as practised legacy as well as a living reality.18 Notes 1. Anves, Munawar Ahmad; Athar, Alia Nasreen. ‘Al-Quran: Umm al- Kitab’. IC; 1980; 54(4): 199-210. 2. Hamidullah, Muhammad. The Earliest Extant Work on the Hadith--Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih. (Translated by Rahimuddin, Muhammad.) Fifth revised ed. Paris: Centre Culturel Islamique; 1961; 124 + 42ppNotes xxvii 3. Azami, Muhammad Mustafa. Studies in Hadith Methodology and Literature. Indianapolis: Islamic Teaching Center, p. 61. 4. Ibid. pp. 3-4. 5. Awliyai, Musatafa. ‘Outlines of the Development of the Science of Hadith’. (Translated by Qarai, A. Q.) Al-Tawhid; 1983 and 1984; 1(1 and 2 and 3): 26-37; 30-42; 28-38. 6. Alavi, M. S. Khalid. ‘A Brief Survey of Arbain Literature’. (Up to the Time of al-Nawawi.) IS; 1984; 23(2): 67-82. 7. Rosenthal, Franz. Knowledge Triumphant. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1970. See also his essay, ‘Muslim Definitions of Knowledge’, in: Leiden, Carl (Ed.), Conflict of Traditionalism and Modernism in the Muslim Middle East. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press; 1966. 8. Ibn Khaldun, Wali ad-Din Abd ar-Rahman Abu Zayd ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Hazrami al-Ishbili. The Mugaddimah—An Introduction 10 History. (Translated from the Arabic by Rosenthal, Franz; Edited and Abridged by Dawood, N. J.) Princeton: Princeton University Press; 1969; xiii + 465pp. 9, an-Nadim, Abu al-Faraj Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Muhammad ibn Ishaq (323-79/935-90). The Fihrist (of al-Nadim)—A Tenth-Century Survey of Muslim Culture. (Dodge, Bayard, Editor and Translator.) New York; Columbia University Press; 1970: two volumes, xxiv + 1149pp. 10. Dodge, Bayard. ‘The Subjects and Titles of Books Written during the First Four Centuries of Islam’. IC; 1954; 28(4): 525-40. 1. Haider, Syed Jalaluddin. ‘Bibliographic Heritage of Muslims’. Libri; 1979; 29(3): 207-18. 12. Anees, Munawar Ahmad. ‘Islamic Studies—Publish and Perish? Book and Periodical Citations on Tafasir al-Quran in Western Languages’. MWBR; 1985; 5(2): 55-68. 13. Sardar, Ziauddin. Islem—Outline of a Classification Scheme. London: Clive Bingley; 1979; 81pp. 14. Tibawi, Abdul Latif. 1Q; 1956; 3(3): 196-214. 15. Sardar, Ziauddin. ‘Intellectual Space and Western Domination: Abstracts, Bibliographies and Current Awareness’. MWBR; 1984; 4(2): 3-8xxviii Introduction 16. Ances, Munawar Ahmad; Athar, Alia Nasreen, ‘Significance of Scientific, Technical and Social Information for the Muslim World’. JRAI; 1980; 7(8): 25-9.Abbreviations xxix Abbreviations AA ABI AD Al AIT AL-A AL-M AL-S AL-T AMCI AOC) AREA ASQ AU BA BEA BEO BIFAO BJRL BSMES CR CRIT CSSH Asian Affairs (London) Abstracta Islamica Ad-Darah, Quarterly Journal of King Abdulaziz University Research Center Al-Ittihad (Plainfield, Indiana) ASLIB Index to Theses Al-Andalus Al-Mushir—Theological Journal of the Christian Study Center (Rawalpindi) Al-Serat (London) Al-Tawhid Al-Muntake—Courrier de I’Islam (Paris) Acta Orientalia (Copenhagen) Arabica—Revue d’Etudes Arabes Arab Studies Quarterly Afrika und Ubersee Bibliotheca Asiatica Bulletin des Etudes Arabes Bulletin d’Etudes Orientales Bulletin de Institut Francais d’Archeologie Orientale Bulletin of the John Rylands Library (Manchester) Bibliotheca Orientalis Bulletin of the British Society for Middle Eastern Studies Calcutta Review Criterion (Karachi) Comparative Studies in Society and Historyxxx Abbreviations CUP DI DIBD. Huml I IAHR IC ICLQ IFD In DI Wu IME IK IL ML) IMA Inip 10 108 1Q IR Is Islam JA JAOS JASB JRAL Cambridge University Press Der Islam Diyanet Isleri Baskanligi Dergisi (Turkey) Die Welt des Islams Etudes Arabes (Rome) Eastern Anthropologist Expository Times Gazelle Review of Literature of the Middle East Glasgow University Oriental Society Transactions Hamdard Islamicus (Karachi) Harvard Theological Review Humaniora Islamica Islamica (Silver Spring, Maryland) International Association for the History of Religions Islamic Culture Islamic and Comparative Law Quarterly (New Delhi) Iahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi (Ankara) Islamic Horizons (Plainfield, Indiana) Islarm—Journal of the Darqawi Institute (Norwich, U.K.) International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies Hahiyyat Kulliyyat Islamic Literature (Lahore) Islamica (Leipzig) Islam and the Modern Age Impact International (London) Islamic Order (Karachi) Israel Oriental Studies Islamic Quarterly Islamic Review Islamic Studies (Islamabad) an International Journal Expressing the Islamic Point of View (St Louis, Missouri) Journal Asiatique Journal of the American Oriental Society Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Journal of Comparative Legislation and International Law Journal of the Economie and Social History of the Orient Journal for the History of Arabic Science Journal of the Islamic Medical Association (U.S.A.) Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Journal of Near Eastern Studies Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society Jewish Quarterly Review Journal Rabetat al-Alam al-Tslami (Makkah al-Mukarramah)JRAS JRH JSAI JSS LC I MA(E) MA(F) Markaz MAS ME MEI ME} MESAB MI MIDEOC MIE) MIO M(L) MO MREO MRM MS MSOs MUS] Mw MWBR NBQ Nur Nomen OL OM Oriens Orita ouP RA RAAD RC RE REI REJ RelSR Abbreviations — xxxi Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Journal of Research—Humanities (Lahore) Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam Journal of Semitic Studies ‘The Light (Canada) Library Journal Mujallatul Azhar (English section) Mujallatul Azhar (French section) Markaz: Journal of the Muslim Center of New York Modern Asian Studies The Middle East (London) Middle East International Middle East Journal Middle East Studies Association Bulletin Minbar al-Islam, Cairo Melanges de l'Institut Dominicain d’Etudes Orientales du Caire Minbar al-Islam, Cairo (English section) Mitteilungen des Instituts fur Orientforschung The Muslim (London) Le Monde Oriental Le Museon—Revue d’Etudes Orientales Monthly Religious Magazine Muslim Scientist (Plainfield, Indiana) Mitteilungen des Seminars fur Orientalische Sprachen Melanges de Universite Saint-Joseph (Beirut) Muslim World Muslim World Book Review New Books Quarterly on Islam and the Muslim World (London) Nuradeen (Blanco, Texas) Nvmen—International Review for the History of Religions Orientalistische Literaturzeitung Oriente Moderno (Rome) Oriens—Journal of the International Society for Oriental Research Orita—Ibadan Journal of Religious Studies Oxford University Press Revue Africaine Revue de Academie Arabe de Damas Race and Class Review of Religions Revue des Etudes Islamiques Revue des Etudes Juives Religious Studies Reviewxxxil Abbreviations RHR RMAL RMM RSO RSJB RSR SCR Search SEI SI SOASB Stl SUR] TR VI VISUG WZKM ZA ZDMG ZMR Revue de I'Histoire des Religions Revue du Moyen Age Latin Revue de Monde Musulman Rivista degli Studi Orientali Recueils de la Societe Jean Bodin Recherche de Science Religieuse Studies in Comparative Religion Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies Shorter Encyclopaedia of Islam (See entry 149 for publication details) Studia Istamica School of Oriental and African Studies Bulletin Studies in Islam Sind University Research Journal—Art Series, Humanities and Social Sciences (Pakistan) Table Ronde Voice of Islam (Karachi) Vrhovnog Islamskog Starjesiinstva U.S.F.R.J. Glasnik Wiener Zeitschrift fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes Zeitschrift fur Assyriologie Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft Zeitschrift fur Missionswissenschaft und ReligionswissenschaftPart One Reference Works General Works 1. Bagnole, John W. (Comp.). Cultures of the Islamic Near East~A Guide 10 Introductory Readings for the Non-Specialists. Washington, D.C.: American—Mideast Educational and Training Services; 1978; ii + 79pp. Reviewed by Auchterlonie, Paul (1980) BSMES 7(2):144. A listing of 402 titles. 2. Barrow, John Graves. (Comp.). A Bibliography of Bibliographies in Religion, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Edward Brothers; 1955; pp. 122-4. Based on the compiler’s doctoral thesis (Yale University, 1930); under the section ‘Mohammedanism’, 18 entries include bibliographies, journals and publishers’ catalogs. 3. Besterman, Theodore. (Ed.). A World Bibliography of Bibliographies [And of Bibliographical Catalogues, Calendars, Abstracts, Digests, Indexes and the Like]. 4th ed. Lausanne, Switzerland: Societas Bibliographica; 1965; 5 volumes. 117,000 separate bibliographies are listed under 16,000 subject headings. 4. Bibliographical Society, The (London). Index to Selected Bibliographical Fourals 1933-1970. New York: Oxford University Press; 1984; 324pp; ISBN 0-19-721777-X. oroattee2. Reference Works 5. Birnbaum, Eleazer. Books on Asia from the Near East to the Far East—A Guide for the General Reader. Toronto: University of Toronto Press; 1971 34lpp. A general bibliographical guide to 850 selected titles; see section, ‘Islamic World’, pp. 17-131. 6. Birnbaum, Eleazer; Kenny, L. M.; Marmura, M. E.; and Wickens, G. M. (Comps. ‘The Islamic Middle East—A Short Annotated Bibliography for High School Teachers and Libraries.’ Social Education; 1977; 41(5): 423-30. This compilation comes as a result of the image of the Middle Bast in Canadian school text books; very little was achieved by eliminating most of the works by Muslim authors and giving prominence to Orientalistic scholarship. 7. Bleaney, C. H. (Ed.). Theses and Dissertations on the Middle East and Islamic World Submitted to the University of Durham and Deposited in its Libraries 1957-1979. Durham, UK: University of Durham, Centre for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studie; 1980; 27pp. 8. Cornish, Graham. (Ed.). Religious Periodicals Directory. Santa Barbara, California: American Bibliographic Center-Clio Press Limited; 1985: 250pp; ISBN 0-87436-365-9. Basic bibliographic information and abstracting/indexing status of more than 1,500 religious periodicals published worldwide. 9. Ettinghausen, R. A Selected and Annotated Bibliography of Books and Periodicals in Western Languages Dealing with the Near and Middle East, with Special Emphasis on Medieval and Modern Times. Washington, DC; Middle East Institute, 1952; 1l1pp. Note: Supplement, 1954, 10. Haddad, Georges; Said, Mohammed (Eds., with the participation of Institut du Monde Arabe). Union Catalogue of Arabic Books in French Libraries 1952-1983. New York: K. G. Saur; 1984; 2,670pp; ISBN 3-598-10510-X. Arranged under Latin alphabets, it lists collections of the Bibliotheque Nationale, the Institut des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (INALCO), and the Bibliotheque Nationale et Universitaire de Strasbourg. 1. Howard, Harry N. (Comp.). The Middle Hast—A Selected Bibliography of Recent Works: 1960-1970. Washington, D.C.: The Middle East Institutes 1970; 68pp. Annual supplements were issued to this bibliography.General Works 3 12. Khoury, Raif Georges. ‘Bibliographie Raisonnee des Traductions Publiees au Liban a Partir des Langues Etrangeres de 1840 jusqu’ aux Environs de 1905’ (Doctoral thesis). Paris: University of Paris; 1965; 239pp. Reviewed by Spies, 0. (1966) DWI 103-4): 210. Includes a section on religion. 13. Leistner, Otto. (Comp.). Intemational Bibliography of Festschriften, with Subject Index. Osnabruck: Biblio Verlag; 1976. Entries are listed by last name of the person for whom Festschrift was issued. 14, Lengenfelder, Helga, (Ed.). World Guide to Libraries. 6th ed. New York: K. G. Saur; 1983; xlviii + 1,186pp; ISBN 3-598-20523-6. Lists nearly 43,000 libraries in 170 countries. 15. Littlefield, David W. (Comp.) The Islamic Near East and North Africa—An Annotated Guide to Books in English for Non-Specialists. Littleton, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited; 1977; 375pp. 1,166 works are listed under broad subject headings; critical notes. 16. Loewenthal, Rudolf. ‘Russian Materials on Islam and Islamic Institutions—A Selective Bibliography’. DI; 1958; 33: 280-309. A list of 377 books and articles with titles transliterated and translated; author-subject index; also published separately in 1958 under the same title as U, S. Department of State External Research Paper. 17. Melville, A. (Comp.). Special Collections in the Library of Congress Selective Guide. Washington, D.C: Library of Congress; 1980; 464pp. See ‘Arabic Books and Manuscripts Pertaining to Islamic Studies,” pp. 157ff. 18. Mitros, Joseph F. (Ed,). Religions—A Select Classified Bibliography. New York: Learned Publications; 1973. Multi-lingual entries on major religions. 19. Nabti, Michel. ‘Sources for the History of Arabia in Professional Journals’, AD; 1977; 3(3): 11-27. Describes 23 major periodicals. 20. Nelson, B. R. (Comp.). A Guide to Published Library Catalogs. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press; 1982; 342pp. Section XIV is entitled, ‘The Middle East’. 21. Pearson, J. D. Oriental and Asian Bibliography (An Introduction with Some Reference to Africa). London: Crosby Lockwood; 1966.4 Reference Works A guide to Orientat Studies in Europe; lists special libraries, manuscript collections, ete 22, Reynolds, Michael M. A Guide to Theses and Dissertations—An Annotated, International Bibliography of Bibliographies, Detroit, Michigan: Gale Research; 1975; xiii + 599pp; ISBN 0-8103-0976-9. 23, (Comp.). Guide to Theses and Dissertations—An International Annotated Bibliography of Bibliographies. Phoenix, Arizona: Oryx Press; 1985; 328pp; ISBN 0-89774-149-8. Subject-arranged; includes indexes by institutions, names and titles, and subject of research. 24. Rugh, Archie (Ed.). International Books in Print 1984—English-Language Titles Published Outside the United States and the United Kingdom. 3rd ed. New York: K. G. Saur; 1983; 4 volumes, 2 parts, 1,741pp + 1,449pp; ISBN 3-598 ~20582-1. Part I: Author-Title List and Publishers; Part I: Subject Guides approximately 140,000 entries from 4,600 publishers in 95. countries. 25. Schwarz, Klaus, Verzeichnis Deutschsprachiger Hockschulschriften sum Islamischen Orient (1885-1970) Deutschland-Osterreich-Schweiz. Freiburg im Breisgau: 1971; 280pp. (Islamkundliche Materialien; Bd. II). A bibliography of 2,394 German-language dissertations, including Islamic Studies and related areas; author and subject index. 26. Seger, Karen., (Ed.). Graduate and Undergraduate Programs and Courses in Middle East Studies in the United States, Canada, and Abroad. Tucson, Arizona: Middle East Studies Association of North America; 1982; 193pp. Provides some basic information on the American institutions and a few Western European programs; extremely poor, or rather erratic on listings from the Muslim World; Islamic universities from Pakistan are omitted; instead Pakistan’s Agricultural University is mentioned. 27. Sheehy, Eugene P. (Comp.). Guide to Reference Books. 9th ed. Chicago: American Library Association; 1976. A comprehensive, annotated bibliography; includes humanities, history and social sciences; titles to 1974 imprint. 28. Simon, Reeva $. The Modern Middle East—A Guide to Research Tools in the Social Sciences, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press; 19785 xv + 283pp. ISBN 0-89158-158-8 paper. Reviewed by Siddiqui, A. R. (1983) MWBR 3(2): 60. ‘The work focuses on general research and reference tools in the area of history, anthropology, political science, sociology, and related disciplines;Islamic Studies 5 based on Arabic, Hebrew, Turkish and the Western language collections in the New York Public Library and the Columbia University Libraries, New York. 29, Toomey, Alice F. (Comp.). A World Bibliography of Bibliographies 1964-1974—A List of Works Presented by Library of Congress Printed Catalog Cards (A Decennial Supplement to Theodore Besterman, A World Bibliography of Bibliographies). Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman and Littlefield; 1977; 2 volumes. 30. United Arab Republic Ministry of Culture, The National Library and Archives., (Comps.). The Arab History, a Bibliographical List. Cairo: The National Library Press; 1966; 292pp. 31. Walford, Albert J. (Ed.). Guide to Reference Material, 3rd ed. London: Library Association; 1975; 3 volumes. 3,000 entries; Volume II is an annotated bibliography covering religion, philosophy and social sciences; Class 97 is on Islam. 32. Walsh, Michael J. (Comp.). Religious Bibliographies in Serial Literature—A Guide. Compiled on behalf of the Association of British ‘Theological and Philosophical Libraries, with the assistance of Howard, John V.; Cornish, Graham P., and Duckett, Robert J. London: Mansell; 19813 240pp; ISBN 0-7201-1593-0. 178 annotated listings; subject index. 33. Zell, Hans M. (Ed.). African Books in Print—An Index by Author, Subject, and Title, 3rd ed. London: Mansell; 1984; ISBN 0-7201-1671-6; ISSN 0306 9516. Lists quite a few titles on Islamic Studies issued by African publishers; still lacks a comprehensive coverage of the subject. Islamic Studies 34, Amin, Hassan al-. Islamic Shiite Encyclopaedia. Beirut: Slim Press; 1970; Three volumes. See Volume I, Chapter IV, ‘Prophet Muhammad’, pp. 137-268, for a6 Reference Works detailed essay on the Siras Volume II, pp. 94-107 for lists of Shia collections of Hadith; entries are not arranged in alphabetical order. 35. Anawati, G. C. ‘Bibliographie Islamo-Arabo Livres et Articles sur P'Isiam et P’Arabisme parus en Langues Occidentales, durant le Periode 1960-1966’. MIDEOC; 1967; 9: 143-213, A bibliography of books and articles on Islam and Arabism published during the period 1960-6, in Western languages. 36. Anawati, G. C. “Textes Arabes Anciens Edites en Egypte au Cours de PAnnee 1953—Figh, Coran et Hadith’, MIDEOC; 19545 1: 122-5, A bibliography of ancient Arabic texts on Quran, Hadith and Figh edited in Egypt during the year 1953. Entries 37~48 are further segments. 37, ——. 1955; 2: pp. 268-80. Edited during 1954. 38. —.. 1956; 3: pp. 280-94. Edited during 1955-6. 39, ———.. 1957; 4: pp, 215-27. Edited during 1957. 40. ———. 1958; 5: pp. 398-401. Edited during 1958. 41. ——. 1959-61; 6: pp. 244~8. Edited during 1959-60. 42, ———. 1962-3; 7: 147-52. Edited during 1961-2. Ba. . 1967: 9: 271-8. Edited during 1966-7. 44. ———. 1970; 10: L745. Edited during 1966-9. 45, ———. 1972; 11: 275-89, Edited during 1969-71. 46. ———. 1974; 12: 91-186. Edited during 1969-73. 47, ————. 1977; 13: 82-8, Edited during 1974-5. 48. ———-, 1982; 15: 173-210. Edited during 1979-80. 49. Anderson, Margaret (Ed.). Arabic Materials in English Translation. Boston: G. K. Hall; 1980, 50. Ances, Munawar A. ‘Islamic Studies—Publish and Perish? Book and Periodical Citations on Tafasir al-Quran in Western Languages’. MWBR; 1985; 5(2): 55-68.Islamic Studies 7 An annotated bibliography of 283 citations with book reviews; many entries may be cross-referenced for Ulum al-Hadith and Sira. SL. ; Athar, Alia N. Hadith and Sira Literature in Western Languages, a Bibliographic Study. Bloomington, Indiana: The Authors; 1980; xxxi + 462pp; ISBN 0-9602920-1-2. Reviewed by Al-Ani, Salman H. (1981) Search 2(3-4): 650-1; Sardar, Ziauddin (1981) MWBR 1(4): 6-8. 1604 annotated entries; book review citations; a detailed subject index; and a guide to recurring bibliographies are included. 52, 5 . ‘Significance of Scientific, Technical and Social Information for the Muslim World’. AI; 1980; 17(1): 46-52. Reprinted in JRAI 7(8): 25-9, 1980; Al-Nahdah (Kuala Lumpur) 1(2): BBS + 38, 1981. A critical evaluation of the existing information systems for Islamic Studies. 53. Anonymous (Comp.) ‘Bibliographie Selective des Etudes Islamiques’. ABI; 1974-8; 28: 9-141. 54. Anonymous. ‘Periodicals on Islam in English Language’. AI; 1965; 2(1): Lh. A list of 20 periodicals in the English language published worldwide. 55. Anonymous. ‘A Short Bibliography on Islam’. In: Ahmad, Khurshid (Bd.), Islam—TIis Meaning and Message. 2nd ed. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1976: pp. 259-64; ISBN 0-86037~000-3. 47 annotated citations to English books by Muslim authors. 56. Ansari, $. ‘Annual Bibliography of Articles (on Islam) 1982’. IMA (New Delhi); 1983; 14(4): 299-372. 57. Association Francaise des Arabisants (Ed.). 10 Ans de Recherche Universitaire Francaise sur le Monde Arab et Islamique de 1968-1969 a 1979. Paris: Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations; 1982; 440pp. A summary of research conducted on the Muslim world at French universities during the period 1968-69/1979. 58. Auchterlonie, J. P. C. ‘British Library Collections in Islamic Studies and Problems of Acquisition’. NBQ; 1981; 1(2-3): 29-37, 59. . (Ed.). Collections in British Libraries on Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies. Durham, UK: University of Durham, Centre for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies; 1982; 100pp. Reviewed by Siddiqui, A. R. (1983) MWBR 3(4): 50.8 Reference Works Includes some papers presented at two international library conferences organized by the Middle East Library Committee (MELCOM); lists major British national and library resources. 60. Bacharach, Jere L. (Comp.). A Near East Studies Handbook. Revised ed. Seattle: University of Washington Press; 1976; xiii + 158pp; ISBN 0-29S-95514~7. Reviewed by Heywood, C. J. (1974) 1Q 183-4): 101-3; Jennings, James E. (1984) IJIAS 1(2): 79-80; Revised (1984) title: A Middle East Studies Handbook. Concentrates on Southwest Asia and Egypt, with occasional material on Libya, the Sudan, Afghanistan and the Ottomans in Europe; includes genealogies, historical atlas, Muslim calendar, and a time-chatt, 61. Bijlefeld, W. A. ‘Introducing Islam—Bibliographical Essay’. MW 1973; 63: 171-84 + 269-79. An annotated introductory bibliography on the Quran, the Hadith, and historical literature. 62. Bloomfield, B. C. (Bd.). Middle East Studies and Libraries—A Felicitation Volume for Professor F. D. Pearson. London: Mansell; 1980; 244pp; ISBN 0-7201-1512-4, Reviewed by Bosworth, C. E. (1981) JRAS; 1981: 207; Brady, D. (1981) JSS 26:2 344-5; Pankhurst, R. (1981) SOASB 44(2): 379-81; Siddiqui, A. R. (1981) MWBR 1(4): 49; Sims-Williams, U. (1980) BSMES 7(2): 143; Spuler, B. (1981) DI 58(2): 385-6. A collection of 19 essays bearing upon the subject of Islamic bibliography as it has been shaped in the West over the last two hundred years or so; inchides a biobibliography of Pearson. 63. Bolton, A. R. Soviet Middle East Studies—An Analysis and Bibliography. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs; 1959, 281 citations to books and journal articles; an important reference source for the Russian language materials on Islamic Studies. 64. Bosworth, C. E. Islamic Dynasties—A Chronological and Genealogical Handbook. Revised ed. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; 1980} xviii + 245pp. ISBN 0-85224~402-9. Lists by name the rulers of all the principal Muslim dynasties; Chapter I is devoted to al-Khulafa at-Rashidun; The Russian translation of 1967 edition (Musulmanskie Dinastii by Gryaznevicha, P. A., Moscow, 1971) includes an additional bibliography of Russian works. 68. Brockelmann, Carl. Geschichte der Arabischen Literatur. Berlin: Emil Felber; 1898-1902; Volume I, vii + 528pp; Volume I, xi + 714pp.Islamic Studies 9 Supplements, I. xvii + 973pp, 1937, Il. xviii + 1,045pp, 19383 INI. x + 1,326pp, 1942; issued by E. J. Brill, Leiden. 66. Caetani, Leone (Comp.). Annali del? Islam. Milano: Ulrich Hoeplis 1905-26; 10 volumes. Note: Reviewed by Noldeke, T. (1907) WZKM 21: 297-312; Volumes 1X-X published by Fondazione Caetani, Reale Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma; Volume XI designated as Indice alfabetico dei Voll. VI-X. Noldeke’s review relates to the first two volumes; see a brief discussion on Hadith, p. 308 of the review. 67. Chaudhri, Abdus Sattar. Tafsir-o-Hadis; revised by Bazi, Muhammad Musa Ruhani. Karachi: National Book Centre of Pakistan; 1974; S6pp. A bibliography of Urdu language commentaries of the Quran and Hadith published in Pakistan during the period 1947-73; includes translations from other languages into Urdu. 68. Chauvin, Victor (Comp.). Bibliographic des Ouvrages Arabes au Relatifs aux Arabes Publies dans PEurope Chretienne de 1810 a 1885. Liege: Vaillant- Carmanne; 1892-1909; 12 volumes. Note: Reviewed by Bouvat, L., and Reby, J. (1909) RMM 9: 264-72. 400 entries listed in Volume X, ‘Le Coran et la Tradition’, iv + 146pp.5 citations to literature on biography of the Prophet appear in Volume XI, ‘Mahomet’, iv + 255pp. 69. Deahl, E. J. ‘E. J. Brill’s Role in Arabic and Islamic Studies’. NBQ; 1981; 144-5): 11-13. A note on the publishing history of Arabic books in the West. 70. Denffer, Ahmad von. Hadith—A Select and Annotated Guide to Materials in the English Language. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1979; 25pp. ISBN 0-86037-043-7. A selection of 29 titles on Ulum al-Hadith. mL. . Literature on Hadith in European Languages—A Bibliography. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1981; 94pp; ISBN 0-86037-060-7. Reviewed by Sardar, Ziauddin (1981) MWBR 1(4): 6-8. 559 partially annotated citations; a short subject indexs periodical title word abbreviation list. 72. Dorr, Steven R. (Comp.). Scholars’ Guide to Washington, D. C. for Middle Eastern Studies. Washington, D.C: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, The Smithsonian Institution Press; 1981; 564pp.10. Reference Works Reviewed by Bickett, B. E. (1982) 36(3): 260; Latham, J. D. (1981) BSMES 8(2): 152-3; Siddiqui, A. R. (1983) MWBR 3(4): 50. ide to some 500 collections, libraries, archives and manuscript 73. Ede, David, et al (Comps.). Guide to Islam, Boston: G. K. Hall; 19833 xxiv + 261pp; ISBN 0-8161~7905-0. Reviewed by Ances, Munawar A. (1984) IJTAS (1): 133-4; Baacke, R. (1985) MEJ 39(1): 189, 2,962 annotated entries on historical development of Islam, religious thought and practice, sacred places, institutions, art and architectures a section is devoted to reference aids for Islamic Studies. 74. Buck, J. Die Arabischen Studien in Europa, Leipzig; 1955; viii + 335pp. Reviewed by Abbott, Nabia (1958) JNES 17(1): 91. An important work on the continuous development of all phases of Islamic Studies in Europe; chapter 61 lists bibliographies. 75. Fuck, J. W. ‘Neue Materiatien zum Fihrist’. ZDMG; 1936; 90(2): 298-321. With reference to al-Nadim’s Fihrist. 76. | Gabrieli, Giuseppe. (Comp.). Manuale di Bibliografia Musulmana (Part 1: Bibliografia Generale). Roma: Tipografia dell’Union Editrice; 1916; S8lpp. Chapter VII is a list of collections of manuscripts classified by cities in alphabetical order, private collections; comparative calendar, “Tabella Comparativa dell’Era Musulmane e della Cristiana per gli anni 1-1340H., cive dell’Egira = 622-1922 Cr. 0 E. V.’, pp. 358-80. 77." Geddes, Charles L. (Comp.). An Analytical Guide to the Bibliographies on Islam, Muhammad, and the Quran. Denyer, Colorado: American Institute of Islamic Studies; 1973; ii + 102pp. Reviewed by Bijlefeld, W. A. (1974) MW 64(3): 247. An annotated bibliography of 213 bibliographies in both Western and Oriental languages; includes a few Russian citations, 78. —-——. Books in English on Islam, Muhammad, and the QuranSelected and Annoiaied Bibliography. Denver: American Institute of Islamic Studies; 1976; vii + 68pp. A listing of 135 titles; author and subject index. Islam in Paperback. Denver, Colorado: American Instinute of Studies; 1969; S8pp.Islamic Studies 11 An annotated bibliography of the British and the American paperback ties classified under 11 categories; entries on religion, pp. 51-5. 80. Gelder, Geert Jan van; Peters, Rudolph (Comps.). A Bibliography of Dutch Publications on the Middle East and Islam (1945-1975). Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam Institute for Modern Near Eastern Studies; 1976; 67pp. A bibliography listing 548 works by Dutch nationals and foreign scholars working in the Netherlands; covers religion, philosophy, language and literature, social and natural sciences, art, and history; author index. 81. Goldziher, Ignac. ‘Beitrage zur Erklarung des Kitab al-Fihrist’. ZDMG; 1882; 36; 278-84. 82. Grimwood-Jones, Diana, et al (Eds.). Arab Islamic Bibliography (The Middle East Library Committee Guide—Based on Giuseppe Gabrieli’s Manuale di Bibliografia Musulmana). Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey Humanities Press; 1977; 268 pp. + index of authors and titles of anonymous works; ISBN 0-391-00691-6. Reviewed by Beckingham, C. F. (1979) AA 10: 339~40; Lawless, R. I (1978) BSMES 5(2): 134-6; Schubarth-Engelschall, K. (1981) OL 76: 474-5; Thomas, P. H. (1978) LJ 103 (15 March): 652; Tibawi, Abdul Lau (1978) 1Q 20, 21, 22 3): 118. 83. Grimwood-Jones, Diana (Ed.). Middle East and Islam—A Bibliographical Introduction. Revised and enlarged ed. Zug, Switzerland: Inter Documentation Company; 1979; ix + 429pp. (BA; 15). Reviewed by Roper, Geoffrey (1980) BSMES 7(2): 140-2; Havemann, A. (1982) DWI 2201-4); 186-9; Siddiqui, A. R. (1981) MWBR 1(2): 17. Includes material under five subject categories: Reference, History and Islamic Studies, Subject Bibliographies, Regional Bibliographies, and Language and Literature; author index. 84, Hamadeh, Muhammad Maher. Muhammad the Prophet—A Selected Bibliography (Doctoral thesis). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan; 1965; vi + 31Spp. University Microfilms Order Number 65~10968. Six chapters on methodology of Sira, followed by a partially annotated bibliography of Sira literature (excluding Hadith) in Arabic, Urdu, English, French and German; 1,548 citations. 85. Hopwood, Derek; Grimwood-Jones, Diana (Eds.). Middle East and Islam—A Bibliographical Iniroduction. Zug, Switzerland: Inter Documentation Company; 1972; viii + 368pp. (BA; 9); ISBN 3-85750-003~4. An updated version, edited by Diana Grimwood-Jones, was issued in 1979.12 Reference Works This is considered to be the ‘authoritative’ guide to literature published by the Middle East Libraries Committee (MELCOM). 86. Hughes, Thomas Patrick. A Dictionary of Islam—Being a Cyclopaedia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies, and Customs, Together with the Technical and Theological Terms, of the Muhammadan Religion {With numerous illustrations]. London: W. H. Allen; 1885; viii + 750pp. Compiled by a Christian Missionary in India; articles of varying length; many illustrations; index of Arabic and Urdu terms; 2nd edition, 1935, 87. Huisman, A. J, W. Les Manuscrits Arabes dans le Monde—Une Bibliographic des Catalogues. Leiden: E. J, Brill; 1967; 99pp. A bibliography of catalogs of Arabic manuscripts in depositary libraries worldwide. 88. Hussain, Asaf (Comp.). Islamic Movements in Egypt, Pakistan and Iran (An Annotated Bibliography]. London: Mansell; 1983; 182pp; ISBN 0-7201-1648-1. Reviewed by Sardar, Ziauddin (1984) MWBR 4(2): 3-8. Deals with the contemporary situation; usefull as a background reference for Islamic studies; lacks evaluative description of the literature. 89. Iuner, G.5 Preissler, H. ‘Selected Bibliography on Islam’. In: Preissler, H., and Robbe, M. (Eds.). Islamic Studies in the German Democratic Republic. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag; 1982: pp. 168-80. 90. Jameclah, Maryam (Comp.). A Select Bibliography of Islamic Books in English. Karachi: Islamic Research Academy; 1975? Reprinted from CRIT, Volume 6, Numbers 4 and 5, 1971, with an added alphabetical author and title index. 91. Johnstone, Penelope. ‘Islam—Ribliographical Survey’. Journal of Ecumenical Studies; 1979; 16( 13-20. Covers the period 1975-1978; multi-lingual entries, 92. Johnstone, Penelope. ‘Survey of Recent Literature on Islam’, International Review of Missions; 1978; 67: 91-6. Prompeed by request for a book review (Ahsan, Muhammad Manazir, 1976, Islum—Faith and Practice. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation), this is u brief survey of some recent books and selected periodicals; includes addresses of British Muslim and Christian organizations. 93. Kaldy-Nagy, Gy (Ed.). The Muslim East—Studies in Honour of Fulius Germanus, Budapest: Lorand Eotvos University; 1974; 264pp,Islamic Studies 13 Includes a bibliography of the Works of Professor Julius Germanus, by G. David, pp. 235-64. 94. Kennedy, Richard. International Dictionary of Religion. New York: Macmillan; 1983; 256pp; ISBN 0-8245-0632-4. Explains the concepts, terms, principles, and practices of the world’s religions. 95. Kerr, Malcolm H. (Ed.). Islamic Studies—A Tradition and its Problems (Giorgio Levi Della Vida Biennial Conference, Seventh). Malibu, California: Undena Publications; 1980; 141pp; ISBN 0-89003-069-3. Reviewed by Ahsan, Muhammad Manazir (1983) MWBR 4(1): 45-8. Contributed essays:(i) ‘Islamic History, Middle Eastern History, Modern History’, by Hourani, Albert, pp. 5-26; (ii) ‘From Wellhausen to Becker: The Emergence of Kulturgeschichte in Islamic Studies’, by Ess, Josef van, pp. 27-52; (iii) ‘Islam, the Philological Vocation, and French Culture: Renan and Massignon’, by Said, Edward W., pp. 53-725 (iv) ‘The Sociology of Islam: The French Tradition’, by Burke III, Edmund, pp. 73-88; (v) ‘Islam and the Historical Experience of Muslim Peoples’, by Lapidus, Ira M., pp. 89-102; (vi) ‘Arabic Poetry and Assorted Poetics’, by Stetkevych, Jaroslav, pp. 103-24; (vii) ‘Islamic Studies and the Future of Islam’, by Fazlur, Rahman, pp. 125-33. 96. Khalid, Detlev H. ‘The Problem of Defining Islam and Modern Accentuations’. IS; 1977; 16(3): 217-81. ‘Attempts a summary of Muslim response to the crisis of individual identity created by social, economic, scientific and technological dislocations. 97. Koningsveld, P. $j. van (Comp.). The Latin-Arabic Glossary of the Leiden University Library [A Contribution to the Study of Mozarabic Manuscripts and Literature]. Leiden: E. J. Brill; 19775 vii + 95pp. (Asfar; Number 1); ISBN 90-04-07657-3. ‘The Mozarabic Glossarium Latino-Arabicum of Leiden University Library, the oldest extant European contribution to Arabic scholarship is generally considered an important source for Latin and Hispano-Arabic vocabularies; this work is a detailed study of the glossary including codicological and palacographical analysis, listing of Visigothic manuscripts with Arabic glosses and notes on Arabic translations of Latin texts; adds information on sources of glossary. 98. Kruimsky, A. E. Istochniki dyla Istorii Mokhammeda i Literature Onem. Moscow; 1902. ‘The author lists sources of Muslim history and related literature.14 Reference Works 99. Martin, Aubert. (Comp.). Elements de Bibliographie des Enudes Arabes. Publications Orientalistes de France; 1975. + 23Spp. Reviewed by Brady, D. (1977) BSMES 4(2): 117-18. Provides coverage to selected book and journal material; no annotations. 100. Mitros, J. F. (Ed.). Religions—A Select, Classified Bibliography. New York: Learned Publications; 1973; 435pp; ISBN 0-912116-08--0, See chapter XIV, ‘Islam’, pp. 175-86 for listings. 101. Moir, Martin. ‘Primary Sources in the India Office Library and Records for the Study of the Muslim World’. NBQ; 1981; (2-3): 13-21. A brief survey of one of the major Western library resources on the subject. 102. Nadim, Abu al-Faraj Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Muhammad ibn Ishaq an- (323~79/935~90). The Fihrist—A Tenth-Cenwury Survey of Muslin Culture Dodge, Bayard—Editor and Translator). New York: Columbia University Press; 1970; Two volumes, xxxiv + 1,149pp. ISBN 231-02925-X. Reviewed by Boullata, I. J. (1972) MW 62: 249-52; G. A. (1972) MIDEOC 11: 503-6; Khan, M. A. Muid (1973) IC 47(2): 178-80. An improvement over Gustav Flugel’s first edited version of al-Fikrist (Leipzig, 1871); largely based on Chester Beatty (Dublin) and Sulaimaniyyah Library (Istanbul) MSS collections; errors in transliteration. 103. Nakamura, K. Comp.) ‘A Bibliography on Imam al-Ghazali’, Orient (Japan); 19775 13: 119-34. Multi-lingual entries (excluding Urdu!) covering the last two hundred years. 104. Netton, I. R. (Comp.). Middle Bast Materials in United Kingdom and Irish Libvaries—A Directory. A MELCOM Guide to Libraries and other Institutions in Britain and Ireland with Islamic and Middle Eastern Books and Materials, London: Library Association Publishing and University of Exeter Centre for Gulf Arab Studies; 1983; 136pp. Brine, J. (1983) BSMES 10(2): 197-8. 105. Nicuwenhuijze, C. A. O. van. ‘The Next Phase in Islamic Studies—Sociology?” In: Colloque sur la Sociologie Musulmane, 11-14 Sept 1961. Bruxelles; 1961: pp. 393-429, Also published as Correspondence d’Orient, No. 5 (Publications du Centre pour P'Etude des Problemes du Monde Musulman Contemporain, 37pp). 106. Ofori, Patrick, E. Islam in Africa South of the Sakara—A Select Bibliographic Guide. Nendeln, The Netherlands: KTO Press; 197; iv + 223pp; ISBN 3~262~00003-5 Reviewed by Sulaiman, I. (1984) MWBR 4(4): 53-4.Islamic Studies 15 1,170 citations in major Western languages grouped under country headings; author index; no annotations. 107. Pantelidis, Veronica . (Comp.). The Arab World—Libraries and Librarianship 1960-1976-—A Bibliography. London: Mansell; 19795 xiii + 100pp; ISBN 0-7201-0821-7. 1,047 marginally annotated citations covering 21 Arab countries; author and selected author-title index; useful as a research too! for Islamic Studies material in national libraries and archives; no Arabic listings. 108. Pearson, J. D. ‘Recent Developments in Islamic Bibliography in Britain’. In: Auchterlonie, P. (Ed.). Collections in British Libraries on Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies. Durham: University of Durham; 1982: pp. 89-90. 109. Peres, Henri (Comp.). Langue et Litterature Arabes—Notions Essentielles de Bibliographic. Alger, Algeria; 1932; 30pp. An updated version was published by Martin, Aubert (1975) ‘Elements de Bibliographie des Etudes Arabes’, Paris: Publications Orientalistes de France, 235pp. 110. Pfannmuller, Gustav. Handbuch der Islam-Literatur, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter; 19235 viii + 436pp. See Chapter III, ‘Leben und Lehre Muhammeds’, pp. 115-206 and Chapter IV, ‘Koran und Hadith’, pp. 206-35. 111. Poonawala, Ismail K. (Comp.). Bibliography of Ismaili Literature Malibu, California: Undena Publications; 1977; xix + 533pp. Reviewed by Kohlberg, E. (1980) IJMES 12(2): 217-18; Nagel, T. (1980) DWI 203-4): 231-25 Walker, P. E. (1982) JNES 41(2): 154-5. Includes Arabic, Urdu and Gujrati language titles; about 1,300 entries. 112. Qazi, M. A. (Comp.). A Concise Dictionary of Islamic Terms, revised and enlarged by Dabbas, Mohammed Said el-, Chicago: Kazi Publications; 1979; iv + 80pp. Words appear in transliteration and the original Arabic, followed by brief explanatory notes. 113. Rajput, A. B. ‘Homage to the Late Shaikh Muhammad Ashraf”, NBQs 1981; 1(4~5): 13-15. A tribute to the greatest Muslim publisher (Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf, Labore, Pakistan, d. 1980) who pioneered Western-lenguage publishing in the service of Islam.16 Reference Works 114. Roper, Michael. ‘Resources for Islamic Studies in the Public Records Office’, NBQ; 1981; 1(2-3): 22-5. A note on the repository for the national archives of Britain. 115. Rosenthal, Franz. The Technique and Approach of Muslim Scholarship. Rome: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum; 1947; xi + 74pp. Reviewed by Lator, E. (1947-8) MUS] 27: 429-30, A study of Muslim attitude toward fundamental problems of scholarship; source material primarily dated third-fourth/ninth-tenth and ninth-tenth/ fifteenth-sixteenth centuries 116. Sardar, Ziauddin. The Future of Muslim Civilisation. London: Croom Helm; 1979; 288pp; ISBN 0-85664-800-0, Reviewed by Abdus Salam (1980) Nature 287: 761-2; Ahsan, Muhammad Manazir (1980) MWBR 1(1): 11-12; Beckingham, C. F. (1980) Futures (June): 247-8; Homan, Roger (1980-1) International Affairs (London) 57(1): 136~7; Sarwar, Ghulam (1980) HI 3(3): 97-100; Tames, Richard (1980) ME (April): 76; Tibrizi, Tamam (1980) al-Hawadis (London) (18 January): 59; Yasin, Muhammad S. (1981) ALJsra 4(36): 35-7. 17. . ‘Intellectual Space and Western Domination: Abstracts, Bibliographies and Current Awareness’. MWBR; 1984; 4(2): 3-8. A critical analysis of how information on the Middle East as well as Islamic Studies is regulated and controlled by the Western information specialists; two case studies: (i) Mideast File (Edited by Shakad, Haim; Simon, Rachel; and Silver, Isabell at the Shiloah Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, Tel Aviv); on-line access through Dialog Information Services; (ii) The Middle East—Abstract and Index (Edited by Lowenstein, Amy C., and Weinthal, Roxine, M., at Library Information and Research Service, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.) 118. Islam—Outline of @ Classification Scheme, London: Clive Bingley; 1979; 81pp; ISBN 0-85157-285-5. Reviewed in JRLA, March 1980, p. 11. Points out inadequacies of the existing classifications (DDC, UDC, LC, BC, CC, BBK) and attempts a classification for Islamic literature. 119. - Islamic Fusures-—The Shape of Ideas to Come. London: Mansell 1985; 367pp. ISBN 0-7201-1731-3. See Chapter XI, ‘Rewriting the Seerah: Future Significance of the Life of Mohammad’, pp. 241-56; a critical examination of emerging ideas and disciplines in the Muslim world from a futuristic perspective and presentation of alternative models which can meet the onslaught of change; the author argues that the way Sira is written has no relevance to the contemporary society and suggests an inter-disciplinary analysis of the paradigm that is the Sira.Islamic Studies 17 120. . ‘The Other Side of History—Future in Contemporary Muslim Literature’. MWBR; 1984; 5(1): 26-31. Discusses the futuristic orientation of some basic Islamic concepts 121. Sauvaget, Jean. (Comp.). Introduction to the History of the Muslim East~A Bibliographical Guide. (Based on the Second Edition as Recast by Cahen, Claude). Berkeley: University of California Press; 1965; xxi + 252pp Translation of ‘Introduction a I’Histoire de ’Orient Musulman—Elements de Bibliographie’, Edition Refondue et Completec par Cl. Cahen, Paris: Adrien-Maisonneuve, 1961, 258pp. Reviewed by Krotkoff, G. (1962) WZKM 58: 253-6. First edition: ‘Introduction a I‘Histoire de POrient Musulman—Elements de Bibliographie’, Collection Initiation a PIslam, Number !, Paris: Adrien-Maisonneuve, 1943, 202pp. Reviewed by H. F. (1944~6) MUS} 26: 145-6. 122. Schnurrer, Christian F. (Comp.). Bibliotheca Arabica—Actum Nunc Aique Integram. 2nd ed. Halae ad Salam: 1. C. Hendelii; 1811; xxi + 529pp. First edition 1799; classified bibliography, with detailed annotations, of edited and translated Arabic-language books published in Europe between 1505 and 1810; Photomechanical reprint issued in 1968 hy Oriental Press, Amsterdam, with the addition of Victor Chauvin’s ‘Table Alphabetique de la Bibliotheca Arabica’, (reprinted from the first volume of his Bibliographie des Ouvrages Arabes, Liege, 1892]; the reprint edition is, therefore, more useftl than the original. 123. Seger, Karen. (Hd.). Graduate and Undergraduate Programs and Courses in Middle East Studies in the United States, Canada, and Abroad. Tucson, Arizona: Middle East Studies Association of North America; 1982; 193pp. Provides some basic information on the American institutions and a few Western European programs; extremely poor, or rather erratic on listings from the Muslim World; Islamic universities from Pakistan are omitted, instead Pakistan’s Agricultural university is mentioned. 124, Sellheim, Rudolf. Materialien cur Arabischen Literaturgeschichte, Teil 1. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag; 1976; xxii + 373pp. Reviewed by Gottschalk, H. L. (1979) WZKM 71: 212-5. See Chapter IL for details on Hadith Studies. 125, Sezgin, Fuat. Geschichte des Arabischen Schrifttwns (Band 1—Quranwissenschaften, Hadith, Geschichte, Fiqh, Dogmatik, Mystik bis ca. 430H). Leiden: B. J. Brill; 1967; xvi + 936pp. Reviewed by Abbott, Nabia (1970) JNES 29(1): 57; Fuck, J. (1973) OL 68: 150-1; Rosenthal, Franz (1969) JAOS 89: 293-5; Spuler, B. (1970) DI 46: 124-6; Steppat, F. (1975) BO 32(5~6): 404. A tremendous treasure of Islamic manuscripts in libraries worldwide;18 Reference Works Sezgin was awarded the King Faisal International Prize for the year 1399 Hijra in recognition of his epoch-making contribution to Islamic studies (see al- Faisal, Riyadh, 22: 8-9, 1979); he was a nominee of the Institute for the History of Arabic Science, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria and the prize was awarded with reference to Volumes 3-5 of his monumental work (see JHAS 3(1): 92, 1979). 126. Shehab, Rafi Ullah. ‘Encyclopaedia of Islamic Jurisprudence’. HT; 1980; 3(3): 93-6 Provides a brief historical account of attempts to compile an encyclopaedia of Figh, beginning with the first proposal made at International Seminar on Islamic Jurisprudence (1951, Sorbonne University, Paris), and recommends an Urdu translation of eight volumes of Jamal Nasir Encyclopaedia from Cairo. 127. Siddiqi, Qazi Zulqadr, et al (Comps.). ‘A Bibliography of Writings by and about Mawlana Sayyid Abul Ala Mawdud?’., In: Ahmad, Khurshid and Ansari, Zafar Ishaq, (Eds.). Islamic Perspectives—Studies in Honour of Mawlana Sayyid Abul Ala Matedudi. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1979: pp. 1-14; ISBN 0-86037-025-9. Reviewed by Halm, H. (1981) DI 58(2): 380-2; Haywood, J. (1981) SOASB 44(1): 163-5; Nadvi, $. (1981) MWBR 2(1): 8-17. 138 Urdu Janguage tides and 62 citations from Urdu and other languages. 128. Siddiqui, A. R. (Comp.). Islamic Studies—A Select Guide 10 Bibliographic and Reference Material. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1979; 28pp. 129, ———.., ‘Islamic Studies—A Select Guide to Bibliographic and Reference Material’, In: Denffer, Ahmad von, Research in Islam—Basics, Principles and Practical Suggestions: A Handbook for Muslim Students and Young Researchers. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1983: pp. 55-83; ISBN 0-86037-133-6 A revised and updated version of the original, ‘Seminar Papers, No. 1’, published in 1979 by the Islamic Foundation, Leicester, UK. 130. Sokolovic, Sinanuddin. ‘Prilog Bibliografiji Radova o Muhammad A. S. Objavijenih u Nas’, WISUG; 1972; 32: 42-S1 + 271-82 + 382-7, 131. Soysal, O. ‘A Historical Glance at the Development of the Current Turkish National Bibliography and other Major Bibliographical Sources in Turkey’. MESAB; 1977; 11(3): 1-30. An introduction to the extremely rich Turkish resources for Islamic Studies. 132. Spies, Ouo. Beitrage zur Arabischen Literaturgeschichte—Juristen,Tslamic Studies 19 Historiker, Traditionarier. Leipzig: Deutschen Mogenlandischen Gesellschaft; 1932; x + 126pp. Reprinted in 1966 by Kraus Reprints, Nendeln, The Netherlands. 133, Tabatabai, Hossein Modarressi. An Introduction to Shii Law—A Bibliographical Study. London: Ithaca Press; 1984; 258pp; ISBN 0-86372-015-3, A general outline of Shia Figh arranged in two parts—contents of Shia Figh and their historical development, and a list of Shia legal works and related documents. 134. Taher, M.; Pangal, A. ‘Bibliographical Control of Islamic Literature in India—Perspectives’. IC; 1984; $8(2): 161-9. 135. Vajda, Georges. Index General des Manuserits Arabes Musulmans de la Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris. Paris: Editions du C.N.R.S; 1953. 136. Vajda, Georges. ‘Notes sur la Geschichte der Arabischen Literatur de C. Brockelmann’. JA; 1950 and 1952; 238 and 240: 225-36 and 1-36. 137, Waardenburg, Jacques D. J. ‘L’Organisation des Etudes Interessant PIslam et le Moyen Orient a PUniversite de Californie’, REI; 1974; 41: 297-305. A round-up of Islamic Studies at the University of California. 138. Weekes, Richard V. (Ed.). Muslim Peoples—A World Ethnographic Survey. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press; 1978; xli + 546pp; ISBN 0-8371-9880-1. Reviewed by Gross, M. L. (1981) MEJ 35(1): 94; Nijland, C. (1979) BO 36(5--6): 378-9; Robinson, Francis (1980) MAS 14(2): 348-9, Second revised edition, 1984, in two volumes [450 and 502pp.]; reviewed by Siddiqui, A. R. (1985) MWBR 6(2): 55. The first ethnographic reference volume on Muslims worldwide; chapters on major ethnic groups followed by related bibliography. 139. Yamak, Labib Z. ‘Middle Eastern Resources in American Research Libraries’. MESAB; 1968; 2(1): 1-4. 140. Zambaur, Edward K. M. von, Manuel de Genealogie et de Chronologie pour Histoire de Islam. Hanovre: Librairie Orienvaliste Heinz Lafaire; 1927. 141. Zenker, J. Theodor (Comp.). Bibliouheca Oriemalis (Manuel de Bibliographie Orientale). Leipzig: G. Engelmann; 1846-61; Volume I, xlvii + 264pp.; Volume Il, xiv + 615pp.20. Reference Works Lists a total of 8,831 works in Oriental languages including European translations (if any) since the beginning of printing to ca. 1857; Entries 1057-229 and 1361~S07 are related to the subject of Islamic Studies. 142. Zoghby, Samir M. (Comp.). Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa—A Partially Annotated Guide. Washington, DC: Library of Congress; 1978; viii + 318pp; ISBN 0-8444-0183-8 Reviewed by Shuiskii, $. (1979) OM 59(7-12): 827-8. 2,682 citations, glossary of Arabic terms, list of periodicals, subject index. 143. Zwemer, Samuel M. ‘A Working Library of Islam’. MW; 1912; 21): 32-6. A bibliographical essay on general reference works on Islam, the Quran and the Blessed Prophet. Encyclopaedias 144. Afzalur Rahman (Comp.). Encyclopaedia of Seerak, London: Muslim Schools Trust; 1981~4; Volume I, 912pp., 1981; Volume II, 930pp., 1983; Volume IIL, 890pp., 1984. M5. Bosworth, C. E. ‘The Encyclopaedia of Islam’. NBQ; 1981; 1(2-3): 8-10. A brief note on the development of new edition of the Encyclopaedia, 146. Findi, M. Thabit al-, er al (Eds. and Trs.). The Arabic Encyclopaedia of Islam [In Arabic]. Cairo; 1933. Reviewed by Pickthall, Muhammad Marmaduke (1934) IC 8(2); 322-4, ‘The Arabic translation of the Leiden edition of the Encyclopaedia; reviewer makes some noteworthy comments on the utility of this translation 147. Fitzgerald, M. ‘Pour une Utilisation Rationnelle de V'Encyclopedie de l'Islam—La Theologie Musulmane’. EA; 1975; 41(3-4): 52-5, 148. Gabriel, A. ‘La Traduction Turque de VEncyclopedie de PIslam (Islam Ansiklopedisi)’. JA 1948; 236: 115-22.Allases 21 149. Gibb, H. A. R; Kramers, J. H. (Eds.). Shorter Encyclopaedia of Islam (Edited on Behalf of the Royal Netherlands Academy). Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1953; viii + 671pp; ISBN 0-8014-0150-X. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press; 1953. A selected, revised and corrected version of the first edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam, with articles concentrating in the areas of major Islamic concepts and Fiqh (jurisprudence). 150. Hamidullah, Muhammad. ‘The Urdu Edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam’. DWI; 1961; 6(3-4): 244-7. Describes how the Urdu Encyclopaedia of Islam (edited 1959 by Urdu Dairah Maarif-i Islamiyyah, University of the Punjab, Lahore) has brought about a tremendous improvement over the original Leiden edition through a number of corrections as well as specially commissioned articles. 151. Houtsma, M. T., Wensinck, A. J., Gibb, H. A. R., Heffening, W., and Levi-Provencal, E., (Eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam—A Dictionary of the Geography, Evknography and Biography of the Muhammadan Peoples: Prepared by a Number of Leading Orientalists. Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1908-38; 4 volumes. Articles on major concepts or key words written by individual authors, each followed by a short bibliography of related works. 152. Murtaza, Malik Ghulam. ‘Encyclopaedic Errors and Falsehood about Islam Exposed’. 10; 1984; 6(3): 75-93. A well-documented refutation of the banal essays on the subject of Hadith and Sira that appeared in the Encyclopaedia Britannica and Encyclopedia Americana. Atlases 153. Brice, William C. (Bd,). An Historical Atlas of Islam (Under the Patronage of the Encyclopaedia of Islam). Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1981; viii + Tipp; ISBN 90-04-06116-9. Note: Reviewed by Latham, J. D. (1983) BSMES 10(2): 180-1. Includes maps of the pre-Islamic Arabia, the pilgrim (Hajj) routes, and the blessed cities of Makkah and Madinah; world maps by Idrisi (compiled in 548/115422 Reference Works at the request of King Roger II of Sicily) and Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ash-Sharfi (compiled in 986/1579) are reproduced. 154. Cornu, Georgette (Comp.). Ailas du Monde Arabo-Islamique a ? Epoque Classique—IXe-Xe Siecles (Presentation Provisoire). Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1983 and 1985; Repertoires des Toponymes des Cartes Ta VI and Repertoires des Toponymes des Cartes VII a XV; xiv + 92pp. -+ 6 maps and x + 87pp. ++ 9 maps; ISBN 90-04--06875-9 and 90-04-06963-1. Prepared under the direction of Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum, and based on Yaqut’s Mujam al-Buldan and the Encyclopaedia of Islam, this atlas is an important source of information on Muslim world of the 3rd-4th century Hijra. 155. Delval, Raymond (Ed.). A Map of the Muslims in the World. Conceived and Produced by The Centre for Advanced Studies on Modern Asia and Africa (CHEAM) Paris. Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1984, A colored map 155 x 107 cm accompanied by a 19-page booklet, “Explanatory Summary with Statistical Tables’; Arabic and French editions 156. Faruqi, Ismail R. al-. The Cultural Atlas of Islam. New York: Macinillan; 1985; 750pp; ISBN 0-02-910190-5. An examination of cultural manifestations of Islam in literature, science, art, calligraphy, language, from Algeria to Malaysia; 300 colour illustrations and 75 original maps. 157. Farugi, Ismail R. al- (Ed.). Historical Adas of the Religions of the World [Sopher, David E.—Map Ed.]. New York: Macmillan 1974; xviii + 346pp; ISBN 0-02-336400-9 158. Hazard, Harry W. Atlas of Islamic History. Executed by Cooke, H. Lester and Smiley, J. M. 3rd revised ed. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press; 19543 49pp. One hundred year configuration; includes chronological tables. 159. Robinson, Francis (Ed.). Alas of the Islamic World Since 1500. Oxford: Phaidon Press; 1982; 238pp; ISBN 0-87196-629-8. Reviewed by Levtzion, N. (1984) Asian and African Studies 18(3): 334-6. 300 illustrations, 50 maps. 160. Roolvink, Roelof. Historical Adas of the Muslim Peoples. London: George, Allen and Unwin Limited, 1957; 40pp. A general atlas with full-colour mapsRecurrent Bibliographies and Reviews 23 Recurrent Bibliographies and Reviews 161, Absiracta Islamica—Bibliographie Selective des Etudes Islamiques. 1927) Annual (Librairie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Patis). Published with the assistance of Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), it was issued (Volumes 1-32, 1927-64) as a part of the periodical REI; beginning in 1965 it was issued as a supplement to REI. 162. Aslib Index to Theses. 1953/Annual (Asti, London). Covers Masters and Doctoral theses accepted for higher degrees in the universities of Great Britain and Ireland. , 163. Bibliographia Anastatica. 1964/Bi-monthly [Amsterdam, The Netherlands]. A bi-monthly bibliography of photomechanical reprints, edited by Bonset, E. J.; Gruner, B. R.; Hakkert, A. M.; and Schippers, P. 164. Bibliographic Guide 10 Conference Publications. 1976/Annual (G. K. Hall, Boston), ISSN: 0360-2729. 165. Bibliographic Index—A Cumulative Bibliography of Bibliographies. 1937) Bi-annual with a year-end cumulation (H. W. Wilson, Bronx, New York) ISSN 0006~1255. A subject listing of bibliographies published separately or appearing as parts of books, journals, with fifty or more citations. 166. Bibliotheca Orientalis. 1943/Bi-monthly (Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Ossten, Leiden). 167. British Society for Middle Eastern Studies Bulletin. 1974/Bi-Annual (St. Antony’s College, Oxford) Review papers, bibliographical essays and notices. 168. Bulletin Signaletique 527: Histoire et Sciences des Religions. 1976/ Quarterly (Centre de Documentation Sciences Humaines, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris. ISSN: 0180-9296, The year 1976 indicates the first time coverage of subjects related to Islamic Studies was commenced by the publishers. 169. Doctoral Dissertations on Asia—An Annotated Bibliographical Fournal of24 Reference Works Current International Research. 1975/Irregular (Association for Asian Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor). ISSN 0098-4485. Compiled by Frank J. Shulman; extends coverage to the American, British, Canadian and French dissertations. 170. Index Islamicus. 1906/Frequency varies (Mansell, London). Reviewed by Lendenmann, G. N. (1979) MEJ 33: 225; Spuler, B. (1984) DI 61(1): 179-80. 1906-55, J. D. Pearson and J. F. Ashton (Eds.), xxxvi + 897pp, 1958; 1956-60, J. D. Pearson (Ed.}, xxviii + 316pp, 1962; 1961-5, J. D. Pearson (Ed.), xxx + 342pp, 1967; 1966-70, J. D. Pearson and A. Walsh (Eds.), xxxvi + 384pp, 1972; 1971-5, J. D, Pearson (Ed.), xlii + 429pp, 1977; 1976-80, Part I—Articles, J. D. Pearson (Ed.), xliii + 539pp, 1983; 1976-80, Part Il—Monographs, J. D. Pearson and Wolfgang Behn (Eds.), xii + 348pp, 1983. 171, Iridex Translationum. 1950/Annual (UNESCO, Paris). An international bibliography of translations, compiled from national bibliographies of member countries. 172. International Bibliography for the History of Religions. 1952-1973/Annual (E. J. Brill, Leiden, Netherlands). This annual bibliography has been published by the International Association for the History of Religions, (IAHR) with the financial support of UNESCO. Since 1975, it has been replaced by the quarterly publication, Science of Religion—Abstracts and Index of Recent Articles. 173. Islamic Book Review Index. 1982/Annual, (Wolfgang H. Behn, Comp., Rosenheimer Str. 5, Berlin, West Germany). Reviewed by Auchterlonie, P, (1983) BSMES 10(2): 194-6. Citations to book reviews in major Western languages and selected Muslim Janguages, such as Turkish; title index. ISBN 3-9800467-5-3. 174, Lettre D’Information Inter-Arabe. 1981/Annual (Publie avec le soutien de Ia Mission de la Recherche au Ministere des Universites; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Documentation en Sciences Humaines, Paris). An annual record of research and publications of French universities in all areas of Arabic Studies. ISSN: 0035-1474. 175, Middle East—Abstracts and Index. 1978/Quarterly (Northumberland Press, Pittsburgh). ‘Mostly politically-biased coverage; nominal coverage under the category ‘Religion’; see a penetrating review by Sardar, Ziauddin (1984) MWBRRecurrent Bibliographies and Reviews 25 176, Middle East Journal. 1947/Quarterly (The Middle East Institute, Washington DC). ISSN 0026-3141. A bibliography of current literature appears as a part of each quarterly issue. 177. Middle East Studies Association Bulletin. 1967/Bi-annual (The Middle East Studies Association of North America, University of Arizona, Tucson), Book reviews, doctoral research information, conference and exhibition data, and news of other associated organizations. ISSN 0026-3184. 178. Muslim World. 1911/Quarterly (Hartford Seminary Foundation, Hartford, CT). ISSN 0027-4909. A select bibliography is appended to each quarterly issue. 179. Muslim World Book Review. 1980/Quarterly (Islamic Foundation, Leicester, UK). Reviewed by Akhtar, Wahid (1984) Al-Tawhid 2(1): 162-163; Surty, M 1. H. I. (1982) NBQ 1(6-8): 19-20. Presents scholarly reviews of current literature on all aspects of Islam; review essays; special topical bibliographies; book notices. See: Murad, Khurram (1981) JRAI 8(3): 64. ISSN 260-3063. 180. Orientalistische Literaturzeitung. 1898/Bi-monthly (Akademie-Verlag, DDR 108 Berlin). One of the oldest recurring bibliographies that is still being published. 181. Quarterly Index Islamicus. 1977/Quarterly (Mansell, London). ISSN 0308-7395. Compiled under the auspices of the Royal Academy for Islamic Civilisation Research (Al Albait Foundation), Amman, Jordan, 182. Recently Published Articles. 1976/Three times a year (American Historical Association, Washington, D.C.). Entries related to the area of Islamic studies may be found under the section entitled Near East. 183. Religious Studies Review. 1975/Quarterly (Council on the Study of Religion, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada). Review essays; book reviews; book notices. ISSN 0319-485X. 184. Science’ of Religion—Abstracts and Index of Recent Articles. 1975/ Quarterly (Instituut voor Godsdienstwetenschap, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam), ISSN 0166-0519. Published under the auspices of IAHR on the recommendation of the26 Reference Works International Council for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies (ICPHS), and with the financial support of UNESCO. Muslim Calendar 185. Abdali, $. Kamal. ‘On the Crescent’s Visibility’. AI; 1979; 16(1-2): 25-31 ‘The author argues that modern astronomy has no particular interest in developing the criteria for deciding the crescent’s visibility and, therefore, Muslim astronomers solely should decide their calendrical affairs. 186. Alant, Is Haqunnabi. Arab Calendar Prevalent during the Lifetime of Muhunimad—An Indian Discovery. Compiled and Translated by Bedar, Abid R. Delhi: Rampur Institute of Oriental Studies; 1968; 48pp. A study of Arab calendar practices during the pre-Islamic and early Islamic periods. 187. Anonymous. ‘Tables de Concordance des Eres Hegirithne et Chretienne, de 1 H/622 Chr. a 1400 H/1979 Chr.’. EA; 1975; 41(3-4): 75-81 188. Bacharach, Jere L. (Comp.). A Near East Studies Handbook. Revised ed. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press; 1976; xiii + 158pp; ISBN 0-295-95514~7. Reviewed by Heywood, C. J. (1974) 1Q 18(3-4): 101-3; Jennings, James E. (1984) IJTAS 1(2): 79-80; Revised (1984) title: A Middle East Studies Handbook. Concentrates on Southwest Asia and Egypt, with occasional material on Libya, the Sudan, Afghanistan and the Ottomans in Europe; includes gencalogics, historical atlas, Muslim calendar, and a time-chart. 189. Carra de Vaux, Baron, ‘Hidjra’, In: SEI; p. 139. A short history of the beginning of the use of Hijra dates. 190. Freeman: Tables for the C srenville, G. $. P. The Muslim and Christian Calendars, Being roersion of Muslim and Christian Dates from the Hijra to theMuslim Calendar 27 Year A.D. 2000. London: Rex Collins|Limited; 1977; vii + 87pp; ISBN 0-86036-059-8. First edition, 1963, by OUP. 191, Hamidullah, Muhammad. ‘The! Concordance of the Hijrah and Christian Eras for the Life-Time of the Prophet’. JPHS; 1968; 16: 213-19. 192. 327-30. . ‘Intercalation in the Quran and the Hadith’. IC; 1943; 17(3): 193. Hazard, Harry W. Adlas of Islamic History, Executed by Cooke, H Lester and Smiley, J. M. 3rd revised ed. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press; 1954; 49pp. One hundred year configuration; includes chronological tables. 194, Hijazi, Abu Tahir. ‘Islamic Calentlar International’, JRAT; 1984; 11(4): 35-7. Suggestions for a world-wide uniform Muslim calendar. 195. Ilyas, Mohammad. ‘Astronomical Determination of Islamic Times’. JMRAS; 1978; 51(1): 48-53. 196. . ‘Calendrical Calculation System and Some Early Sighting Reports’. JRAI; 1981; 8(7): 28-30. 197. . ‘Lowest Limit of W in the New Moon’s First Visibility Criterion of Bruin and its Comparison with the Maunder Criterion’. Quarterly Fournal of Royal Astronomical Society; 1981; 22: 154-60 198, . ‘New Moon’s Visibility and Monthly Lunar Datelines—Calculations for Important Dates in 1979’. IC; 1979; 53(2): 133-6, * 199. ‘New Moon’s First Visibility—Review of Astronomy and Current Islamic Calendrical Practices’. IC; 1982; 56(1): 43-63. 1984; 7( 1-83. 201. . ‘Scientific Crisis in Hijrah Calendar’. JRAI; 19845 11(7): 48-9. The author reports significant progress in the generation of suitable data for the next 100 years for International Lunar Date Lines (ILDL). 202. . ‘Visibility of the New Moon—Astronomical Predictability’. JMRAS; 1978; 51(2): 58-68.28 Reference Works 203. Kahf, Monzer. ‘Determination of Islamic Occasions and the Islamic Calendar’. Al; 1980; 17(2): 28-48. Calls for a unified Muslim calendar; does not consider physical sighting of the crescent as a required ritual. 1 204. Mahmoud, Effendi. ‘Memoire sur le Calendrier Arabe avant Pslamisme, et sur la Naissance et PAge du Prophete Mohammad’. JA; 1858; Series V, 2: 109-92, A study of pre-Islamic calendar with reference to birth and age of the Prophet. 205. Naqvi, Athar, S. ‘Some Computational Studies on the Smallest Visible Phase of the Lunar Crescent by the Naked Eye’. MS; 1981; 10(1): 221. In view of the significance of visual observation of the new crescent, the author outlines one of the methods for calculation of lunar phases. 206. Nasir, Muhammad. ‘Towards a Uniform Islamic Calendar’, JRAI; 1980; 7(9): 6. Report of an international seminar held in Brussels, Belgium, to discuss the standardization of Muslim calendar. 207. Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. ‘Why We Should Keep the Hijrah Calendar”. NBQ; 1982; 1(6-8): 10-12. Reprinted from the author’s work entitled: Islamic Life and Thought (London, George Allen and Unwin Limited). The author equates a change from the lunar to solar calendar with the grievous sin of breaking the Sunna of the Blessed Prophet. 208. Said, Hakim Mohammed. ‘The History of the Islamic Calendar in the Light of Hijra’, Hi; 1981; 4(3): 43-52. Refutes the allegation that Muslim calendar is borrowed from other sources, and provides arguments from the Quran and the Sira to the effect of origins of Muslim calendar. 209. Shrivastava, Ram S. ‘Scientific Analysis of the Islamic Calendar’, In: International Conference on ‘Science in Islamic Polity—Its Past, Present and Future’, 19-24 November, 1983—Abstracts of Papers. Islamabad, Pakistan: Ministry of Science and Technology and Organisation of Islamic Conference; 1983: pp. 67-8 Based on the latest model of planetary motion, the author calculates the dates from 1400 Hijra through the next 1,000 years, 210. Sprenger, Aloys. ‘Uber den Kalender der Araber vor Mohammad’. ZDMG; 1859; 13: 134-75,Part Two The Sira General Studies 211. Abd al-Hamid; Abd al-Raziq, Ali. ‘The Mohammed of the Newspapers’. MW; 1928; 18: 167-72. Attempt to show how the Prophet is portrayed in works addressed to common readers. 212. Abd al-Karim, Moulvi. The Prophet of Islam and His Teachings. Calcutta; 1936. Reviewed (1936) IC 10(4): 670-1. A biography of the Prophet with salient features of his Sira. 213. Abdallah, A. The Prophet as a Model of Tranquility in a Turbulent Age. Islamabad, Pakistan: Ministry of Religious Affairs, National Seerat Committee; 1976; 16pp. Published on the occasion of International Congress on Seerat (March 3-15, 1976) under the auspices of Ministry of Religious Affairs, Islamabad, and Hamdard National Foundation, Karachi. Reviewed by Schimmel, A. (1980) OL 75(1): 57-8. Describes the role of the Prophet as a model for world peace. 214. Abdul Hameed, Hakeem (Ed.). Islam at a Glance. New Dethi: Indian Institute of Islamic Studies in association with Vikas Publishing; 1981; 109pp.30 The Sira Reviewed by Lemu, B. Aisha (1982) MWBR 2(2): 52-3. ys on the concept of Tawhid (unicity of God) and Sira. 215, Abdul Hakim, Khalifa. The Prophet and His Message, Lahore: Institute of Islamic Culture; 1972; vii + 466pp. One of the highly acclaimed works on the Sira. 216, Abdul, M. O. A. Islam on Religious Tolerance. Islamabad: Religious Affairs, National Seerat Committee; 1976; 16pp. Note: Published on same occasion as entry 213, which see. Highlights events from the Sira to show how the Prophet practised tolerance toward people of other religions. inistry of 247. —. The Prophet of Islam—Life, Sayings, and Deeds {An Introduction to the Study of Hadith). Lagos: Islamic Publications Bureaus 1971; 120pp. An introductory text on the Hadith and Sira, 218. Abdul Rauf, Muhammad. The Life and Teaching of the Prophet Muhammad, London: Longman; 1964, A study of the Sira with its message for Muslims. 219. Abdul Wahab, Syed. Shadowless Prophet of Islam. 2nd ed. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 1962; xx + 128pp. A concise biographical account; highlights salient features of the Sira. 220. Abdullah, Muhammad. Religion and Society. Hayward, California: Muslim Society of USA; 1972s 152pp. Chapters 2-4, pp. 16-26, are devoted to a brief study of the Sira. 221. Abu Gideiri, Eltigani, ‘The Humanistic Values of Prophet Muhammad’. Markaz; 1978; 1(1): 6-7. Abul Fazl, Mirza. The Life of Muhammad. Calcutta: Manoranjan 1910; 237 pp One of the early Muslim works on the Sira in a Western language. 223. Abul Feda, Ismael. De Vita et Rebus Gestis Mohammedis. Moslemicae Religionis Auctoris, et Imperii Saracenici Fundatoris. Ex Codice mis . . . Pocockiano Bibliotheca Bodleianae Textum Arabicum Primus Edidit, Latine Vertit, Prefitione, et Notis Ilustravit Joannes Gagnier: Oxoniae: E. Theatro Sheldoniano; 1723; xxii + 160pp. Latin translation, with commentary, by Joannes Gagnier. ‘Translation of the original Arabic manuscript at the Bodleian Library,General Studies 31 Oxford, with a preface and illustrative notes; Arabic and Latin texts are given in parallel columns. 224. . Life of Mohammed. Translated from the Arabic, with an introduction and appendix, by Murray, W. Elgin: A. C. Brander; 183?; 217pp. One of the classical works on the Sira. 225. Vie de Mohammed. (Translated from the Arabic by Noel des Vergers, A.] Paris: Impr. Royale; 1837. Includes the Arabic text, with the French translation and notes. 226. Achard, Paul. Mahomet, Paris: Les Editions de France; 1942; vi + 240pp. A biography based on secondary sources 227. Adler, Felix. Mohammed. Philadelphia; S. B. Weston; 1901. ‘The author considers the Blessed Prophet ‘sinful man as he admitted himself to be, was nevertheless in very truth, a prophet, a messenger of the Lord’ (p. 60). 228. _Affify, Hussain el-Tiby. ‘Glimpses of the Life of Prophet Muhammad’. MAG); 19725 44(4): 5-8. A general essay on the Sira. 229. Afzal, Omar. The Life of the Prophet Muhammad. Rampur, India: Al- Hasonat; 1973. A general work on the Sira. 230, Afzalur Rahinan, Muhammad—Blessing for Mankind. London: Muslim Schools Trust; 1979; 337pp. Reviewed by Hamidullah, M. (1981) MWBR 1(2): 12-13. A general work on the Sira. 231. Ahmad, Fazal. Meet the Master. Lahore: Jami Islamia Publications; 1958; 184pp. Revised, 1968 edition, published by Qaumi Kutub Khana, Lahore. A general study of the Sira. 232. . Muhammad—The Prophet of Islam. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 19613 124pp. A general study of the Sira. 233. Ahmad, Jamil. Hundred Great Muslims. 2nd ed. Lahore: Ferozsons; 1977; viii + S98pp. Short biographical essays on selected Muslim personalities, both classical32 The Sira and modern; see brief essays on Sira (pp. 3-10), Khulafa ar-Rashidun (pp. 13-56), Azwaj al-Mutaharat (pp. 81-6); other essays on Muhaddithun, poets and writers, historians, sufis, reformers, etc, 234. Ahmad, Khurshid (Ed.). The Prophet of Islam, Karachi: Sirat Academy; 1966; 96pp. A selection of articles on the Sira. 235. Ahmad, Mirza Bashiruddin Mahmud. Life and Teachings of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, London: London Mosque; 1942; 20pp. A short biography of the Prophet, excerpted from the writings of the second ‘Khalifa’ of the Ahmadiyyah (Qadiani) Jamaat. 236. - The Life of Muhammad. Rabwah, Pakistan: Ahmadiyyah Muslim Foreign Mission Office; 1968; 229pp. A work on the Sira by the second ‘Khalifa’ of the Ahmadiyyah (Qadiani) Jamaat. 237. Ahmad, Sheikh Mubarak. ‘Muhammad—The Prophet of Islam’. RE; 1984; 79(11): 31-5. A short essay on the Sira by an Ahmadiyyah author, 238. Ahsan, Syed Ali. Our Heritage. Dhaka: Muhammad Kasem Makhdumi; 1949; 96pp. 239. Aiton, John. The Lands of the Messiah, Mahomet, and the Pope, as Visited in 1851. London: A. Fullerton and Company; 1854; 552pp. Describing the manners and customs of people of Muslim lands, the author discusses aspects of the Sira as well; rudimentary, factual mistakes. 240. Akbar, M. T. ‘The Prophet of Islam’, IR; 1937; 25(8(August)): 301-10, ‘The author calls upon Muslims to propagate Islam in the West by emulating the example of the Blessed Prophet. 241. Akehurst, George. Imposture Instanced in the Life of Mahomet. London: Wertheim, Macintosh and Hunt; 1859. An extremely hostile piece of writing, attacking the person and teachings of the Prophet. 242, Akseki, A. H. Peygamberimizin Vecizeleri. Istanbul: Matbaassi Ebuzziya; 1945. 243. - Peygamberimiz Hazrat-i-Muhammad Aleyhi’s Selim ve Musulmanlik. Ankara: Guzel Sanatlar Matbaassi; 1955; 159pp. A general study of the Sira,General Studies 33 244. . Prophet Muhammad. Ankara: Guven Matbaassis 1956; 43pp. A short essay on the Sira. 245. Alcock, Nathan. The Rise of Mahomet Accounted for on Natural and Civil Principles. Alcock, Thomas (Ed.). London: G. Sael; 1795. The author attempts a ‘scientific’ explanation for the rise of Islam by attributing it to the warm climate of the Arabian peninsula. 246. Ali, Abdullah Yusuf. ‘Muhammad in History’. IL; 1970; 16(5): 5-12. Note: Text of a speech delivered at the Muslim Club, Simla (India), on June 25, 1934. A concise historical account of the Sira by one of the great contemporary ‘Muslim scholars. 247, . ‘Prophet Muhammad in History’, VI; 1975; 23: 257-64. A short, analytical account of the Sira. 248. Ali, Ameer. The Life and Teachings of Muhammad—Or the Spirit of Islam, London; W. H. Allen; 1891; xvi + 677 pp. One of the earliest modern works on the Sira by a Muslim author; translated into Arabic under the title, Ruh al-Islam, by Amin Mahmud al-Sharif, (Cairo, 1962). 249. . A Short History of the Saracens—Being a Concise Account of the Rise and Decline of the Saracenic Power and of the Economic, Social, and Intellectual Development of the Arab Nation, from the Earliest Times to the Destruction of Bagdad and the Expulsion of the Moors from Spain. Karachi: National Book Foundation; 19755 xxi + 640pp. This is a reprint of the 1889 edition (London, Macmillan). ‘The historical narrative includes a detailed account of the Sira. 250. . The Spirit of Islam—A. History of the Evolution and Ideals of Islama with a Life of the Prophet. London: Christophers; 19225 Ixxi + 515pp. An undated version was published by George H. Doran Company, New York, Ixxi + 515pp. Revised and enlarged ed., refer to Part I, ‘The Life and Ministry of the Prophet’, pp. 1-133, for a detailed account of the Sira. 251. Ali, Muhammad. Hazret’ Muhammad in Evlendigi Kadinlar ve Temiz Ablaki. Istanbul: Hadise Yayinevi; 1958; 34pp. An essay on the Sira by the Ahmadiyyah (Lahori) author. 252. . The Living Thoughts of the Prophet Muhammad. London: Cassell; 1947; xi + 142pp. An extended essay on teachings of the Prophet by the Ahmadiyyah authors arsanl-334 The Sira includes a brief account of the Sira; Arabic translation, ALFikar al-Khawalid Hi an-Nabi Muhammad Salla Allah Alaih wa Sallam, by Mamun Naja, Cairo, Maktabat al-Adab, 1960, 253. ————.. Muhammad the Prophet. Translated from the Urdu by Khan, Muhammad Yaqub. 3rd ed, Lahore: Ahmadiyyah Anjuman Ishaat Islam; 1951; 285pp. Reviewed by Pickthall, M. M, (1935) IC 9(2): 368-70; Original Urdu edition, Lahore, 1924, A study of the Sira by one of the leaders of the Ahmadiyyah (Lahori) Jamaat. 254. ——_. Muhammad—The Commander of the Faithful. Lahore: Sheikh Mubarak Ali; 197; viii + iv + 157pp A general work on the Sira. 255. ————.. ‘The World Prophet and the World Religion’. MA(E); 1975; 47(4): 6-12. A general discussion on the universality of the message of Islam; brings out salient features of the Sira. 256. Ali, Zaki. ‘Muhammad the Prophet of Islam’, Ini Islam in the World. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 1947: pp. 42-9, A short essay on the Sira. 257. Allana, G. ‘The Holy Prophet of Islam’, VI; 1965; 13(11): 603-7. A general essay on the Sira. 258. Alp, Talip. Glime of Profetens Liv. Copenhagen: Dawa Bogforlas; 1981, A brief history of the Sira. 259. Alwaye, A. M. Mohiaddin. ‘Spotlight on the Life of the Prophet’. MACE); 1973; 453-4): I-11 + 1 The author highlights salient features of the Sira. 260. “The World Prophet’, MACE); 1969; 41(3): 1-8. A general essay on the Sira. 261. Amin, Muhammad. Pearls of Islam. Lahore: Lion Press; 19643 104pp. A short essay on the Sira is included in this work, 262. - 1960; 208pp. A collection of essays that originally appeared in the Deccan Times (Hyderabad); a discussion on the Sira is included. » Wisdom of Prophet Muhammad, 2nd ed. Lahore: Lion Press;| General Studies 35 263. Andrae, Tor. ‘Die Legenden von der Berufung Muhammeds’. MO; 1912s 6(1): 5-18. 264. 1945; 192pp. Note: Translated from the German by Jean Gaudefroy-Demombynes. . Mahomet—sa Vie et sa Doctrine. Paris: Adrien-Maisonneuve; 265. Mohammed—Sein Leben und Sein Glaube. Gottingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht; 19323 158pp. English translation, Mohammed—The Man and His Faith, published by Harper and Row, New York, 1960, 194pp. 266. Anonymous. Mahomet and Islam—A Sketch of the Prophet's Life from Original Sources. Revised ed. London: Religious Tract Society; 1887; 279pp. The first edition was published in 1884, vii + 256pp. 267. Anonymous. ‘Sayyedina Muhammad—The Iconoclast’. [H; 1978; 7Q): 2. ‘Free from appellations, addressed by his people as Ya Rasul Allah (O the Apostle of Allah) or Ya Muhammad; living among them as if he was their equal, starving when they had nothing to eat; inviting suggestions and consulting them, he structured a society which was free from the issues of capital and labor, race and nation,’ 268. Anonymous. ‘Seerat-un-Nabi Conference in Doha’. JRAI; 1980; 7(3): 13-14. Report of the six-day international conference on the life and tradition of the Blessed Prophet Muhammad, held in November 1979. 269. Ansary, Raschid. ‘A Story of the Prophet’. MA(B); 1966; 38(2); 8-9. 270. Argyriou, Asterios. ‘Elements Biographiques Concernant le Prophet Muhammad dans la Literature Grecque des Trois Premiers Siecles de VHegire’. In: La Vie du Prophete Mahomet, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France; 1983: pp. 159-83. A study of the Sira through the Greek literature of the first three centuries of Hijra. 271. Arnold, Thomas W. The Preaching of Islam—A History of the Propagation of the Muslim Faith. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 1965; xiii + SO8pp. First edition, London, 1896; this is a reprint of the second edition, London, 1913; third edition, London, 1935. See Chapter Il, ‘Study of the Life of Muhammad considered as a Preacher of Islam’, pp. 11-43. .36 The Sira 272. Ashraf, Sheikh Muhammad. ‘The Advent of Muhammed is the Birth of New Human Values’. IL; 1966; 12(8): 3~4, One of the fine editorials on Sira by the founder-editor of the monthly IL. 273. Austin, R. W. J. ‘The Prophet of Islam’, In: Gauhar, Altaf (Ed.). The Challenge of Islam. London: Islamic Council of Europe; 1978: pp. 68-81. 274, Awad, B. A. ‘The Universal Religion’. IQ; 1964; (3-4): 64-72. An essay on the Prophet’s role as a preacher. 275. Azzam, Abd al-Rahman. The Eternal Message of Muhammad. Translated from the original Arabic edition by Farah, Caesar E. New York: The Devin-Adair Company; 1964; xxi + 297pp; ISBN 0-8159_5401-8, Reviewed by Salim, Muhammad (1965) IQ (1-2): 60-1; Reprinted by Quartet Books, London, 1979, ISBN 0-7043-3203-5, Eight essays written by a renowned Egyptian diplomat‘. . . to clarify for Muslims some of the principles and origins of their society, faith and revealed law, and to speak of the life of their Prophet. It was not my intention to apologize or preach to non-Muslims.’. 276. . The Life of the Prophet Muhammad. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1976; 24pp. A short essay on the Sira. 277. - ‘The Life of the Prophet Muhammad’. In: Ahmad, Khurshid., (Ed,). Islam—Its Meaning and Message, Ind ed. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1976: pp. 59-80. Reprinted from the author’s work dated 1964. Badauni, M. T. B, ‘The Need for Prophet’s Biography’. VI; 19625 36-40. The author lays emphasis on the pivotal role of the Sira for the guidance of Muslims. 279. Bakhtiar, Laleh., (Ed.). A Glance at the Life of the Holy Prophet of Islam (Translated by Tawheedi, N.). Tehran: Islamic Propagation Organisation; 1983; 181pp. 280. Balogun, Ismail A. B. The Dignity of Man vis-a-vis Islam. Islamabad: Ministry of Religious Affairs, National Seerat Committee; 1976; 8pp. Published on same occasion as entry 213, which see, The Nigerian scholar enumerates teachings and examples from the Sira to highlight the human dignity as taught by Islam, 281. Barton, Theodora. Talks on Mohammed and His Followers. London: Edinburgh House Press; 1932; 72pp.General Studies 37 282. Becker, C. H. Islamstudien—Vom Werden und Wesen der Islamischen Welt. Hildesheim: Georg Olms; 1924; 1: 520-7. This work was reprinted in 1967. Chapter 19 entitled ‘Grundsatzliches zur Leben-Muhammedforschung’. 283, . ‘Principielles zu Lammens Sira-Studien’, DI; 19135 4: 263-9. A study of Henri Lammens’ works on the Sira. 284. Bengalee, Sufi Muti-ur-Rahman. Life of Muhammad. Chicago: Muslim Sunrise Press; 19442; 286pp. Reviewed by M. A. (1944) IC 18: 108. A general work on the Sira by one of the Ahmadiyyah (Qadiani) authors. 285. Bhatti, A. A. On to Muhammad. Lahore: Islamic Mission; 19695 ii + 256pp. A general work on the Sira. 286. Bixby, J. T. ‘A Mohammedan on Mohammedanism’. MRM; 1871; 46 (August): 111-17. A critical review of Seyyed Ahmad Khan’s work, A Series of Essays on the Life of Mohammed, and Subjects Subsidiary thereto; London: Trubner and Company, 1870, 287. Bjelevac, A. Hifei. Muhamed, Zagreb: Zajednica Samostalnih Pisaca Tin; 1970; 267pp. One of the rare works of Sira to come out of Eastern Europe in recent times. 288. Blachere, Regis. Le Probleme de Mahomet—Essai Biographique du Fondateur de PIslam. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France; 1953; viii + 133pp. Reviewed by Gabrieli, F. (1953) RSO 28: 216-7; R. D. (1953) Syria 30: 162-4. A study of the Sira. 289. Bosworth, C. E. ‘The Prophet Vindicated—A Restoration Treatise on Islam and Muhammad’. Religion; 1976; 6(1): 1-12. 290. Bravmann, M. M. ‘The Origin of the Principle of Ismah— Muhammad’s Immunity from Sin’. MREO; 1975; 88(1-2): 221-5. 291. Brockelmann, Carl. History of the Islamic Peoples (Translated by Carmichael, Joel and Perlmann, Moshe), Rev. ed. New York: Capricorn Books; 1973; xx + S82pp.38° The Sira Translated from the 1939 edition, Geschichte der Islamischen Volker und Staaten. See Chapter II, ‘The Prophet Muhammad,’ pp. 12-35, 292. Brohi, A. K. ‘Seerat-un-Nabi in Contemporary Perspective’, VI; 1972; 20(9); 455-73. An essay on Siza, emphasizing its relevance for the contemporary Muslim society. 293. Buhl, PF. P. William. Das Leben Muhammeds (Translated from the Danish original by Schneider, Hans H.] Heidelberg: Quelle und Meyer; 1930; viii + 379pp. A biography of the Prophet, claimed to be based on a study of the original sources, especially Hadith literature, 294, ~. ‘Bin Paar Beitrage zur Kritik der Geschichte Muhammed’s’, In: Bezold, Carl (Ed.). Orientalische Studien Theodor Noldeke. Gieszen: Verlag von Alfred Topelmann; 1906; I: pp. 7-22. A study of sources of the Sira 295. . ‘Fasste Muhammed Seine Verkundigung als eine Universelle, auch fur Nichtaraber Bestimmte Religion auf?’. T; 1926; 2: 135-49. 296. ——_. ‘Muhammad’. In: Encyclopaedia of Islam. Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1936; Volume III: pp. 641-57. An essay on the Sira with extensive notes on original sources. 297. - ‘Muhammad’. In: Wensinck, Arent Jan and Kramers, J. H. (Eds.) Handeworterbuch des Islam. Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1941: pp. 519-36. An essay on the Sira based on classical and modern sources. 298. ‘Muhammad’. In; SEI; pp.390-405. An essay on the Sira. 299. Bush, George. The Life of Mohamed—Founder of the Religion of Islam and the Empire of the Saracens. New York: J. and J. Harper; 1830; 261pp. 300. Cambier, Guy. Embricon de Mayence la Vie de Mahomet. Bruxelles: Latomus Revue d’Etudes Latines; 1961; 92pp. A critical study of Embricon de Mayence’s work, The Life of Muhammad. 301. Cauro, Victor. Recits sur la Vie de Mohammed. Paris: Ernest Leroux; 1916. hacavat, Michel bey $. Mahomet e les Khalifes, Paris: Guilmoto; 1912.General Studies 39 303. Chai-Lien, Liu. The Arabian Prophet—A Life of Mohammed from Chinese and Arabic Sources (Translated by Isaac Mason). Shanghai: Commercial Press; 1921; 313pp. Reviewed by Horovitz, J. (1923) DI 13: 121. ‘This is an abridged version of the 1724 original edition that was published in 1779; perhaps it ranks first among the very few Chinese language sourves on the Sira. 304. Contini, G. ‘Un Fragmento Provenzale su Maometto’. Atti Della Reale Accademia dei Lincei Rendiconti (Series VI); 1937; 13: 313-9. 305. Cook, Michael. Muhammad. Oxford: OUP; 1983; 94pp. Reviewed by Boase, Abdul Wahhab (1984) MWBR 4(3): 6-7; Norris, H. (1985) SOASB 48(1): 131. A biased, hostile writing about the Sira and Islam. 306. Cragg, Kenneth. The Call of the Minaret. New York: OUP; 1956; 376pp. See the essay, ‘Muhammad His Apostle’, pp. 69-104. 307. Daumal, Moustafa Djellaleddine. ‘A Propos des Vertus du Prophete’. MA(F); 1979; 51(3): 143-50. An essay on the virtues of the Blessed Prophet. 308. Dermengham, Emile. Muhammad and the Islumic Tradition (Translated from the original French edition by Watt, Jean M.). London: Longman; 1958; 191pp. Reprinted by Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut, and Harper and Row, New York. This is an illustrated work by a Roman Catholic author, said to have been reviewed by a Muslim authority prior to its publication. 309. Dermengham, Emile. La Vie de Makomet. Paris: Plon; 1929; 382pp. English translation, The Life of Mahomet, was published in 1930 by Routledge, London. A biographical study by a Roman Catholic author. 316. Desnovi, S. Shahabuddin. ‘The Prophet of Islam’. JRAI; 1975; 2(11): 19-25. ‘An essay on the Sira 311. Dessuky, M. A. el-; Balogun, I. A. B. A Brief History of the Life of the Propket Muhammad and the Growth of Islam. Lagos: Islamic Publications Bureau; 1976; 112pp.40 The Sira 312, Dibble, R. F. Mohammed. New York: Viking Press; 1926; 254pp, This work is known to have been banned by the Government of British India in view of its inflammatory contents. 313. Dinet, A. E.; Ben Ibrahim, Sliman. La Vie de Mohammed—Prophete Allah. Paris: G.-P. Maisonneuve; 1937; 276pp. Reviewed by Krenkow, F. (1938) IC 12(1): 122-3, Written by a French convert to Islam and an Algerian Mustim, this is a Popular account of the Sira based on classical works (Sira of Ibn Hisham, Sira of Burham ad-Din al-Halabi, and Tabagat of Ibn Sad); Arabic translation, Muhammad Rasul Allah, by Abd al-Halim Mahmud and Muhammad Abd al-Halim Mahmud, Cairo: Shirkah al-Arabiyyah at-Tibaah wa an-Nashr, 1959, 349pp. 314. Dozy, R. Essai sur 'Histoire de PIslamisme (Traduit du Hollandais par Chauvin, Victor). Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1879; 536pp. Sce Chapter II, ‘Mahomet avant la Fuite’, pp. 18-59, and Chapter III, ‘Mahomet apres la Fuite’, pp. 60-109, 315. Draycott, G. M. Mahomet—Founder of Islam. London: Martin Seckers 1915; 351pp. A biographical study of the Prophet with an extremely harsh tone, 316. Draz, Muhammad Abd Allah. ‘Muhammad’, In: Morgan, K. W. (Ed.). Islam—The Straight Path. New York: The Ronald Press; 1958: pp. 6-21. ‘An essay on the Sira. 317. Durant, Will. The Age of Faith—-A History of Medieval Civilization: Christian, Islamic and Judaic—From Constantine to Dante, A. D. 325-1300. New York: Simon and Schuster; 1950; xviii + 1,196pp. ISBN 0-671-01200-1. An essay on biography of the Prophet with inaccurate and distorted historical data—Book II, Chapter VIII, ‘Mohammed’, pp, 155~74. 318. Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Arabs—People and Power. New York: Bantam Books; 1978; 268pp. Chapter I, ‘Our God and Your God are One’, pp. 34-53, includes a cynical biography of the Prophet. 319. Engineer, Asghar Ali. The Origin and Development of Islam. New Delhi: Orient Longmans 1980; 248pp. 320. Enver, Khurshid Ahmad. Muhammad of Arabia. Lahore: Young People’s Publishing House; 1938; 9Spp. An essay on the Sira,General Studies 41 321. Essad Bey, Muhammad. Mohammed—A Biography (Translated by Ripperger, Helmut L.). New York: Longman; 1936; 376pp. A general work on the Sira. 322. Farah, Caesar E. Islam—Beliefs and Observances. Woodbury, New York: Barron’s Educational Series; 1968; xii + 306pp. This work includes two chapters on the Sira. 323. Farugi, Ismail R. al- (Ed.). Historical Ailas of the Religions of the World New York: Macmillan; 1974; xviii + 346pp; ISBN 0-02-336400-9. See a brief essay on the Sira, ‘Muhammad,’ pp. 240-4. 324, ———. Islam. Niles, Illinois: Argus Communications; 19795 xii + 83pp; ISBN 0-89505-022-6. Reviewed by Doi, Abdur Rahman I. (1983) MWBR 4(1): 16-8. Chapter III, ‘Muhammad’, pp. 35-44 is an essay on the Sira. 325. Fazlul Karim. The Ideal World Prophet. Dhaka: The Author; 1955; iii + 470pp. Reprinted (1973), Lahore: The Book House. A study of the Sira. 326. Foster, H. F. ‘An Autobiography of Prophet Muhammad’. MW; 1936; 26: 130-52. ‘An essay on Sira on the premise of authorship of the Quran attributed to the Prophet. 327. Fuck, J. W. ‘Die Originalitat des Arabischen Propheten’. ZDMG; 1936; 90: 509-25. 328. . ‘The Originality of the Arabian Prophet’. In: Swartz, Merlin L. (Ed. and Tr.). Studies on Islam. Oxford: OUP; 1981: pp. 86-98. Reviewed by Ahmad, A. (1984) MWBR 4(2): 19-20. 329. Fuda, Abdul Rahim. ‘The Greatness of the Apostle’. MA(E); 1964; 36(4): 5-7. 330. Furuno, Kiyondo. Makometto Den. Tokyo: Hakusuisha; 1940; 446pp. One of the few Japanese books on the subject of the Sira. 331. Gaba, K. L. The Prophet of the Desert, Lahore: Time Publishing; 1934; 249pp. A general work on the Sira42. The Sira 332. Gabrieli, F. ‘Mohammed und der Islam als Weltgeschichte Ecscheinungen’. Historia Munde; 1954; 5: 335-56. 333. Gairdner, W. H. T. ‘Mohammed without Camouflage’. MW; 1919; 9(1): 25-7. A rebuttal to a 1917 issue of IR on the Sira. 334. Gardet, L. ‘Le Prophete’. TR; 1958; 126(1): 11-26. 335. Gaudefroy-Demombynes, Maurice. Mahomet, Paris: Michel; 1957; xxiv + 709pp. Reviewed by Vajda, G. (1957) RHR 152: 111-2; Second edition, 1969, reviewed by Bosworth, C. (1973) OL 68: 375-6, One of the major modern French-language works. 336. Gimaret, Daniel. ‘Traces et Paralleles du Kitab Bilawhar wa Budasf dans la Tradition Arabe’. BEO; 1971; 24: 97-133, 337. Goeje, M. J. de. ‘Die Berufung Mohammed’s’. In: Bezold, Carl, (Ed.). Orientalische Studien Theodor Noldeke, Giessen; 1906: Volume I, pp. 1-5. 338. Goldberg, A. ‘Die Vorstellung von der Schekhina bei Muhammed’. Kairos; 1972; 14(3): 188-99. 339. Goldsack, William. Muhammad in Islam—Sketches of Muhammad from Jslanuic Sources. Madras: Christian Literature Society for India; 1916; 47pp. A biographical study based on the Quran and Ahudith. 340." Goldziher, Ignac. Mohammad and Islam (Translated by Seelye, K. C.). New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press; 1917. 341. A Muhammedan Jogudomany Eredeterol. Budapest: Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia Konyvkiado-Hivatala; 1884; 23pp, 342." Gramlich, Richard, ‘Vom Islamischen Glauben an die “Gute alte Zeit” In: Gramlich, Richard., (Ed.). Islanwissenschafiliche Abhandlungen. aden: Franz Steiner; 1974: pp. 110-7. 343. Green, Samuel. The Life of Mahomet, Founder of the Religion of Islam and the Empire of the Saracens. London: J. Haddon; 1840. A bigoted account. 344. Grunebaum, Gustav E. von. ‘Von Muhammads Wirkung und Originalita’, WZKM; 1937; 44(1): 29-50,General Studies 43 345. Hamdani, Vigar A. “The Excellent Exemplar’. Markaz; 1978; 1(1): 8-9. 346. Hamidullah, Muhammad. ‘Les Voyages du Prophete avant l'Istam’ BEO; 1977; 29: 221-30. A history of voyages of the Blessed Prophet to Taif, Syria, Yemen, Madinah and Eastern Arabia. 347, Hanna, Paul L. ‘Road to Mecca’. IL; 1955; 7(10): 55-8. A review of Muhammad Asad’s (Leopold Weiss) book of the same title. 348. Hasan, S. M. Muslim Greed and Culuure—An Interpretation of Fundamental Institutions and Culwural Legacies of Islam. Dhaka: Ideal * Publications; 1962; 315pp. Includes essays on Hadith and Sira 349. Hassan, Hassan Ibrahim. Islam—A Religious, Political, Social, and Economic Study. Baghdad: University of Baghdad; 1967; xvi + S86pp. The work contains fourteen chapters on selected topics; Chapter IT is on the Sira (pp. 32-65); Chapter II] is a discussion of the sources of Figh (pp. 81-96); and Chapter V is devoted to the history of Khilafah. 350. Haye, Kh. A. Stories of Great Muslims. Takoma Park, Maryland: Crescent Publications; 1950; viii + 85pp. Short biographical essays on the Blessed Prophet, al-Khulafa ar-Rashidun, Imam an-Numan ibn Thabit ibn Zuta Abu Hanifah (81-150/701-68) and others 351. Haykal, Muhammad Husayn. The Life of Muhammad. Translated by Faruqi, Ismail Ragi al-. Indianapolis: American Trust; 19765 xevi + 639pp; ISBN 0-89259-002-5. Translated from the eighth (Arabic) edition; one of the best books on Sira in the English language; translation was completed in 1968 and projected for publication by the University of Chicago Press and later by Temple University Press but both agreements were unilaterally withdrawn by the publishers. 352. Hemani, G. H. ‘The Message and the Messenger—Glimpses of the Prophet’s Life’. JRAT; 1982; 9(6): 8-12. The author briefly discusses the role of the Blessed Prophet as messenger, mediator, and ideal husband. 353. Hingora, Q. I, ‘Reverence t6 Mubammad (Peace be upon Him)’. IL; 1970; 16(1): 35~44.44 The Sira 354, Hitti, Philip K. History of the Arabs—From the Earliest Times to the Present. 10th ed. New York: St. Martin; 1970; xxiv + 822pp. See Chapter VIII, ‘Muhammad the Prophet of Allah’, pp. 111-22. 355. - Islam—A Way of Life. Chicago: Henry Regnery; 1970; 198pp; ISBN 0-8092-6155-3. See Chapter I, ‘The Prophet and the Man’, pp, 2-24. 356. Hodgson, Marshall G. S. The Venture of Islam—Conscience and History in a World Civilization. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1974; Volume 1, The Classical Age of Islam, xii + 532pp.; Volume II, The Expansion of ‘slam in the Middle Periods, 609pp.; Volume III, The Gunpowder Empires and Modern Times, 469pp; ISBN 0-226~-34677-3 (3-volume set), A detailed study of Muslim history in the context of world civilization; the first volume provides an insight into early history including biography of the Prophets see Book I, Volume I, pp. 101-230 covering pre-Islamic period, the Sira and the history of early Muslim state. 357. Holma, Harri. Mahomet, Prophete des Arabes— Esquisses de la Vie de Mahomet et des Origines de l'Islam. Paris: Flammarion; 1946; 212pp. A study of the Sira, with essays on the origin of Islam, 358. Hosain, Safdar. Who was Muhammed? Hyderabad (Deccan): The Author; 1967; 122pp. 359. Hubner, F. ‘Vita Mahumeti’, Historische Vierteljahrschrift; 1935; 29: 441-90, 360. Hughes, Thomas Patrick. ‘Muhammad’. In: Hughes (Ed.). A Dictionary of Islam. 2nd ed. London: W. H. Allen; 1896: pp, 367-99. A biography of the Prophet. - Notes on Islam—Being Outlines of the Religious System of Islam. : W. H. Allen; 1894; xvi + 282pp, Photomechanical reprint issued in 1976 by Scholarly Resources, Wilmington, Delaware, USA. The author includes a total of 95 essays on selected subjects, based largely upon his observations while he was a Christian Missionary in India. 362. Hurgronje, C. S. ‘Une Nouvelle Biographie de Mohammad’. RHR; 1894; 30: 48-70 + 149-70. A review of European literature on the life of the Prophet. 363. Husain, S. Athar. ‘The Advent of the Prophet—Effluence of Islam’. JRAT; 1976; 3(5): 21-4.General Studies 45 364. Husaini, Abdul Qadir. Muhammad and the Early Caliphs. Calcutta; 1965; xiv + 249pp. 365, Irving, Washington. Mahomet and His Successors. New York: G. P. Putnam; 1868. “We cannot but think there was self-deception in his instance; and that he believed in the reality of the dream or vision’. 366. Ismail, Vehbi. Muhammad the Last Prophet. Cedar Rapids, Jowa: Igram Press; 1962; xvii + 167pp. 367. Issawi, Charles. ‘The Historical Role of Muhammad’. MW; 1950; 40(2): 85-95. ‘If any one man changed the course of history that man was Muhammad’. 368, Jairazbhoy, Qasim Ali. Muhammad—A Mercy to Alll the Nations. London: Luzac; 1937; 389pp. Reviewed by Jeffery, A. (1938) MW 28(2): 180-6, 369, Jeffery, Arthur (Ed.). Islam—Muhammad and His Religion. New York: Liberal Arts Press; 1958; xviii + 252pp. A collection of translated passages from the Quran, the Ahadith and selected classical works. 370. . ‘The Prophet of Islam’, MW3 1938; 28(2): 180-6. A review essay of Jairazbhoy’s book, Muhammad—A Mercy to All the Nations. 371. . (Ed.). A Reader on Islam—Passages from Standard Arabic Writings Illustrative of the Beliefs and Practices of Muslims. ’s-Gravenhage: Mouton; 1962; 678pp. Includes selections from the Quran, the Ahadith and the classical works. 372. Jensen, Peter. ‘Das Leben Muhammeds und die David-Sage’. DI; 1922; 12: 84-97. 373. . ‘Mohammed’, In; Weidner, B. F. (Ed.). Festschrift Max Freiherr von Oppenheim zum 70. Berlin; 1933: pp. 45-51. 374. Johnston, P. Muhammad and His Power. New York: Scribner's; 19013 238pp. A biography of the Prophet written with contempt. 375. Kamaluddin, Khwaja. The Ideal Prophet. Woking, UK: Muslim Mission and Literary Trust; 19253 xxxv + 274pp.46° The Sira Reviewed (1927) Abl 1(1): 35. A study of the Sira by one of the Ahmadiyyah (Lahori Jamaat) authors. 376. Kannuna, A. Karim, Muhammed alas Erzieher der Araber, Zurich: AL G. Fachschriften; 1940, 377. Kastman, Carl. Muhamnad—Haus Lefand Berattad for Svenska Folket. Stockholm: Norstedt; 1908 378. Kennedy, Vans. ‘Remarks on the Character of Muhammad’, Literary Society of Bombay Transactions; 1823; 3: 398-448. 379. Khan, A. H. ‘Muhammad as Object and Subject’, Studies in Religion; 1978; 7(4): 373-85 380. Khan, Abdul Rahman. ‘A Brief Life-Sketch of Muhammad—The Prophet of God’. IR; 1957; 45(5): 20-33. 381. Khan, C. M. M. A. Islam as Culnue and Civilization. Islamabad: Ministry of Religious Affairs, National Seerat Committee; 1976; 8pp. Published on same occasion as entry 213, which see. 382. Khan, Inamullah. Life and Message of the Holy Prophet. Karachi: Umma Publishing; 1973; 100pp. 383. Khan, Majid Ali. Study of the Life of the Holy Prophet in the Light of the Original Sources (With a View to Refute some of the Allegations of Western Biographers). Aligarh; 1980; 433pp. Reviewed by Hamiduliah, Muhammad (1981) MWBR 1(2): 13. A general study of the Sira with illustrations and bibliography. 384. Khan, Muhammad Zafrulla, The Excellent Exemplar—Muhammad the Messenger of Allah. London: London Mosque; 1962; 66pp. A general essay on the Sira by an Ahmadiyyah (Qadiani) author. 385. Khan, Syed Ahmad. A Series of Essays on the Life of Mohammed, and Subjects Subsidiary Thereto. London: Trubner and Company; 1870. Reviewed by Bixby, J. T. (1871) MRM (August): L117. See Volume I, Chapter VI, ‘Essays on the Mohamedan Traditions’, for the author’s views on Hadith; reprinted in 1968, Lahore: Premier Book, 394pp. 386. Kheir Allah, G. I. Islam and the Arabian Prophet. New York: Islamic Publishing; 1938; 176pp. One of the earliest works on the Sira to be published in America by a Mustim outletGeneral Studies 47 387. Khuda Bakhsh, Salahuddin. ‘Muhammad—A Blessing to Mankind’. IR; 1933; 21(1): 18-25. 388, ———. Muhammad the Prophet of God. 2nd ed. Lahore: Orientalias 1953; 36pp. 389, Kister, M. J. ‘The Sirah Literature’. In: Beeston, A.F.L. et al, (Eds.) Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period. Cambridge: CUP; 19835 pp. 352-67. Reviewed by Irving, T. B. (1985) MWBR 5(3): 17-20; LeGassick, T. (1985) ME] 39(1): 184-5; Wansbrough, J. (1985) SOASB 48(1): 137-8. 390. Kitagawa, Joseph M. Religions of the East. Philadelphia: Westminster Press; 1968; 351pp. See Chapter V, ‘The Prophet of God’, pp. 230-6 for a brief essay on the Sira. 391. Lamaireaso, E.; Dujarric, G. Vie de Mahomet d’Apres la Tradition. Paris; 1897-8; Two volumes. 392. Lammens, Henri. ‘Mahomet—Fut-il Sincere?’. RSR; 1911; 2: 25-53 + 140-66. 393. Lane-Poole, Stanley. The Prophet of Islam. Lahore: National Book Society; 1959; 51pp. An abridgement of the 1879 edition, a general essay on the Sira. 394, ———. The Prophet of Islam. Washington DC: Islamic Center; 1960; 36pp. An abridgement of the 1952 reprint of 1879 edition. 395. Lerouge, Raymond. Vie de Mahomet, Paris: Fasquelle; 1939; 189pp. 396. Levi della Vida, G. ‘Sira’, In: Encyclopaedia of Islam. Leiden: E. J. Brill; 1934; Volume IV: pp. 439-43. 397. Lewis, Bernard. The Arabs in History. 4th revised ed. New York: Harper and Row; 1967; 200pp. See Chapter IT, ‘Muhammad and the Rise of Islam’, pp. 36-47. 398. . ‘El Mahoma de Gibbon’. Al-A; 1977; 42(1): 1-24. ‘An extended review of Edward Gibbon’s Life of Mahomet (1859); reprinted from Daedalus (1976) 399. Lings, Martin (Siraj ad-Din, Abu Bakr). Muhammad—His Life Based48 The Sira on the Earliest Sources. London: Allen and Unwin; 1983; viii + 359pp; ISBN 0-89281-046~7. (U.S. ed., New York: Inner Traditions International). Reviewed by Dabashi, H. (1984) HI 7(1): 97-106; Jameelah, Maryam (1984) MWBR 4(4): 43-45 al-Mawafi, M. (1984) Al-Arabi 307 (June): 203-8; Rippin, A. (1985) SOASB 48(1): 203; Sarwar, G. (1984) Pakistan Studies (London) 2(4): 84-6; Vahiduddin, $. (1984) IMA 15(2): 128-32. Awarded First Prize for the best book on the Sira by the Government of Pakistan on the occasion of the National Sira Conference, 1983; Reprinted (1983) Lahore: Sohail Academy, 359pp. 400. Littmann, Enno. Mohammed im Volksepos—Ein Neuarabisches Heiligenlied. Copenhagen: Munksgaard 1950. Reviewed by Ritter, H. (1952) Oriens 5(2): 342. 401. Luther, A. Rauf. Epic of Faith—Love of Gracious God, Mohammad. Lahore: Dilshad Sons; 1981. Reviewed by Naqvi, Ali R. (1983) IS 22(4): 97-100. The first biography of the Prophet in verse in a Western language; it was given a special award for the Best Book on the Sira for the year 1403H, 402, Lutz, Abdur Rehman. Muhammad—Upon Whom be Peace. 4th ed. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 1977; 26pp. 403. Malik, Abdul Qayyum, ‘The Prophet of Islam’. Iqbal (Lahore); 1957; 5(1): 71-81. ‘The author studies the legislative role of the Blessed Prophet. 404. Margoliouth, David S. Mohammed and the Rise of Islam. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons; 1905; 481pp. 405. Masud-ul-Hasan. Stories and Biographies from Igbal. Lahore: Ferozsons; 19785 viii + 305pp. Each of the 241 stories and biographies extracted from the works of Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1289-1357/1873~1938) is introduced by a short biographical account, followed by appropriate quotes from Iqbal and the author's explanations. Entries include the Blessed Prophet, Seyyedah Fatima az- Zahra, Seyyedna Umar, Seyyedna Ali, Bilal ibn Rabah, Imam Abu Hanifah and Imam Malik ibn Anas. 406. Mawdudi, Abul Ala (1320-1400/1903-79). ‘The Message of the Prophet’s Seerah’. CRIT; 1976; 11(5 and 6): 5-18 and 5—1S. 407. . The Prophet of Islam [Edited by Ahmad, Khurshid]. 2nd ed. Lahore; Islamic Publications; 1970; vi + 40pp. A short biography, translated from the original Urdu work.General Studies 49 408. Meier, Fritz. ‘Ein Profetenwort gegen die Totenbeweinung’. DI; 1973; 50: 207-29. 409. Menezes, J. L. The Life and the Religion of Mohammed, the Prophet of Arabia. London: Sands and Company; 1912; 194pp. 410. Milot, Jean-Rene. L’Islam et les Musulmans. Montreal: FIDES; 1975; 190pp; ISBN 0~7755-0551-X. See Chapter II, ‘Le Prophete Muhammad’, pp. 27-52, and Chapter V, ‘Tradition et Loi Islamique’, pp. 99-116. 411. Misti, Abd al-Sami al-. Mohammed-—The Prophet of Islam. Cairo: Renaissance Book Shops 1953; 139pp. ‘A short biography, based on original Arabic sources. 412, Mobiyiddin, Abu Bakar. ‘{Jamiyah President’s} Speech on Scerat-un- Nabi’. JRAT; 19835 10(7): 58-9. Text of a speech by the author delivered on the occasion of a large gathering organized by the Singapore Muslim Society. 413. Mobyuddin, Ata, The Arabian Prophet—His Message and Achievements. Lahore: Ferozsons; 1955; xvii + 40Spp. ‘The author presents a detailed biography of the Prophet and shows how Islam spread through following the Sunnah. 414. Moinul Hag, S. ‘Prophet Muhammad—The Advent of a New Religio- Social Order’. PHS; 1972; 20(1): 1-33. 415. Mounawi, Muhammad Abd ar-Rauf al- (951-1030/1545-1621). Mahomet Mystique et les Quatre Premiers Khalifes (Traduction Integrale sur les Manuserit Originaux par Khawam, Rene R.). Paris: Editions Ornate; 1978; 185pp; ISBN 2-7031-1046—4. 416. Mourad, Mahmoud. ‘La Critique Historique Occidentale et les Biographies Arabes du Prophete’. In: Les Arabes et ’Occident. Paris: Publications Orientalistes de France; 1982: pp. 1-28 A survey of the Western critical writings on the Sira literature. 417. Muir, William. The Life of Mohammad from Original Sources (New and Revised Edition by Weir, T. H.). 1861; First ed. Edinburgh: John Grant; 1923; Four volumes; cxix + 5S6pp. ‘The author and the editor have incorporated a substantial amount of information from the original Arabic works on the Sira; however, notations and commentary should be read with caution.50 The Sira 418 Mahomet and Islam—A Shetch of the Propher’s Life from Original Sources and a Brief Outline of His Religion. Rev. ed. London: The Religious ‘Tract Society; 1887; 256pp. Largely based on the author’s articles that appeared in Calcutta Review during the period 1854~5; incorporates material from original sources; to be studied with caution about author’s own views. 419. Munis, Husayn. ‘The Impact of the Sira’, IR; 1970; (January): 12-13. 420. The Muslim Students’ Association of the U.S. and Canada. Muhammad. Plainfield, Indiana: The Association; 1974; 23pp. (Islamic Correspondence Course; Unit 2). A lesson on the Sira for beginners. 421, Mustafa, Ghulam. The Darling of the Desert. Dhaka: Muslim Bengal Library; 1958; 178pp. A passionately written biography of the Blessed Prophet. 422. Nadvi, Muzaffaruddin, An Easy History of the Prophet of Islam. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf 1968; viii + 144pp. Major events of the Sira in a chronological order. 423. Nadwi, Abul Hasan Ali. Islam and the World (Translated from Urdu by Kidwai, Muhammad Asif). 3rd ed. Lucknow: Academy of Islamic Research and Publications; 1973; 210 + 8pp. See Chapter IT, ‘Advent of the Prophet’, pp. 45-74. 424. . Muhammad Rasul Allah—The Life of Prophet Muhammad. (Translated from Urdu by Ahmad, Mohiuddin). Lucknow: Academy of Islamic Research and Publications; 19795 ii + 486pp Reviewed by Kemal, Rahimuddin (1980) IC 54(4): 251-4. A detailed study of the Sira, and one of the best modern works on the subject 425, Nadwi, Sulaiman. The Living Prophet (Translated from the Urdu edition by Sayced-ul-Haq). 2nd revised ed. Karachi: Pakistan Academy; 1968; iii + xxi + ii + 106pp A study of the Sira, based on eight lectures delivered by the author in Madras in 1925, 426. . Muhammad—The Ideal Prophet (Translated from the original Urdu edition by Ahmad, Mohiuddin]. Karachi: Begum Aisha Bawany Waafs 1977; 191pp. Based on the author’s lectures delivered at Madras in 1925 under the auspices of the prestigious Muslim Educational Society that liter sponsoredGeneral Sudies 51 such towering figures as Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Mawlana Abd al-Majid Daryabadi and Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall. 427, Najmuddin, S$. M. ‘Some Glimpses from the Prophet’s Life’. Markaz; 1978; 11): 10~2. 428. Nallino, Carlo Alfonso. Raccolta di Scritti [Editi ¢ Inediti]. Rome: Istituto per ’Oriente; 1940; Volume II, iv + 474pp. Relevant chapters in this volume: TI, ‘Maometto’, pp. 45-59; III, ‘Il Significato del Vocabolo Coranico Ummi applicato a Maometto quello di al- Ummiyyun’, pp. 60-5; IV, ‘Nel Tredicesimo Centenario della Morte di Maometto’, pp. 66-74; VIII, ‘Sunnah’, pp. 135-8; IX, ‘Hadith’, pp. 139-415 and X, ‘Classificazione de Hadith dal Punto di Vista dei Tradzionisti’, pp. 142-5. 429. Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. [deals and Realities of Islam. London: Allen and Unwin; 1966; xv + 184pp. Reviewed by Siraj ad-Din, Abu Bakr (1968) IQ 12(1-2): 121-3. See Chapter II, ‘The Prophet and Prophetic Tradition—The Last Prophet and Universal Man’, pp. 67-93. 430. Nau, F. ‘Deux Textes de Bar Hebraeus sur Mahomet et le Qoran’, JAs 19275 211: 311-29. A brief description of two works on the Quran and Sira, written by the Christian author Bar Hebraeus 431, Niazi, Kausar. The Prophet of Revolution. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 19765 S8pp. The author argues that the Prophet not only brought about a revolution himself, but his message started a chain of revolutions in the world. 432. Nicholson, Reynold A. ‘An Unknown Biography of Muhammad entitled Kitabu man Saba ‘afira’, In: Bezold, Carl., (Ed.). Orientalische Studien Theodor Noldeke. Giessen; 1906; Volume I: pp. 23-32 433. Noja, Sergio. Maometto. Fossano, Italy: Esperienzes 1974; 408pp. The first full-length Ualian-language biography of the Blessed Prophet to appear in many years. 434. Nowaihi, Muhammad al-. ‘Towards a Re-Evaluation of Muharmmad—Prophet and Man’. MW; 1970; 60(4): 300-13. 435. Numani, Muhammad Shibli. ‘Sirat al-Nabi (Translated from Urdu by Fazlur Rahman). JPHS; 1960-7; 8-15: 8: 1-18 + 167-183 + 260-70, 1960;52. The Sira 9: 1-7 + 75-80 + 162-9 + 235-9, 1961; 10: 66-72, 1962; 11; 139-54 + 220-33 + 290-303, 1963; 15: 130-61 + 201-32 + 273-304, 1967. ‘Translation of selected chapters from Mawlana Shibli Numani’s book. 436, ——. Sirat al-Nabi—Biography of Prophet Muhammad (Translated from the original Urdu edition by Fazlur Rahman), Karachi: Pakistan. Historical Society; 1970; x + 547pp. One of the finest Urdu books on the Sira available in translation, 437. . Sirat-un-Nabi—The Life of The Prophet (Translated from Urdu by Budayuni, Muhammad Tayyib Baksh). Chicago: Kazi Publications; 1979; Volume I: vii + 280pp. Serialized in VI 12: 427-30 + 475-84 + 523-6, 1964. 438. Pareja, Felix M., et al. Islamologie. Beirut: Imprimerie Catholique 5 19645 1,148pp. A brief essay on Hadith, pp. 622-8 is followed by Chapter XVI, ‘Mahomet dans P'Islam’, pp. 790-813. 439. Paret, Rudi. ‘Das Geschichtsbild Mohammeds’, Welt als Geschichte; 1951; 11: 214-24, 440, ———. ‘Leitgedanken in Mohammeds Fruhesten Verkyhdigungen’, OL; 19575 52: 389-92. 441 . ‘Recent European Researches on the Life of Prophet Muhammad’, JPHS; 1958; 6(2): 81-96. 442, Pasha, Syed Husain. ‘Muhammad and the “Missed Opportunity”. ” Markaz; 1978; (1): 22-3 + 18. 443, Pautz, Otto. Muhammed’s Lehre von der Offenbarung—Quellenmassig Untersucht. Leipzig: Hinrichs; 1898; vii + 304pp. Reviewed by Bitner, M. (1901) WZKM 15: 393-6. 444. Payne, P. 8. R. The Holy Sword—The Story of Islam from Muhammad to the Present. London: Robert Hall; 1961. 445. Peermahomed Ebrahim Trust. Biography of the Holy Prophet Mohanmad. Karachi: The Trust; 19765 xix + v + 296pp. 446. Perkins, J. H. ‘Was Mohammed an Impostor or an Enthusiast?”. North American Review; 1846; 64 (October): 496-513. 447. Pickthall, Muhammad Marmaduke; Yusuli, Allah Bakhsh, Al-General Studies 53 Amin—Life of Holy Prophet Muhammad. Karachi: Muhammadi Educational Society; 1959; 68pp. 448. Pike, E. R. Mohammed—Founder of the Religion of Islam. New York: Roy Publishers; 1962; 127pp. 2nd edition (1968), See 449. 449. . Mohammed—Prophet of the Religion of Islam. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson; 1968; 128pp. 450. Qazi, Elsa. ‘The Prophet of Islam’. IL5 1956; 8(11): 7-12. 451. Quddus, H. M. A. Characteristics of the Propher’s Leadership. Islamabad: Ministry of Religious Affairs, National Seerat Committee; 1976; 8pp. Published on same occasion as entry 213 and review the same. Highlights from Sira on the leadership qualities of the Blessed Prophet. 452. Qudsi, $. D. Greatmess of Muhammad. Lahore: Malik Book Depot; 1939; 180pp. 453. Qureshi, Zafar Ali. ‘The Greatness of Prophet Muhammad? IL; 1969; 15(9): 5-18. 454, Rabbath, Edmond. Mahomet-—Prophete Arabe et Fondateur d’ Etat. Beirut; Universite Libanaise; 1981; 496pp. Reviewed by Denffer, Ahmad von (1984) MWBR 4(2): 66. Concentrates on the Madinan period. 455, Rahim, Hussein A. ‘The Prophet of God—The Deliverer of Mankind’. AI-S; 1976; 2(1): 3-5. 456. Rahnema, Zeinol Abedin, Payambar—The Messenger (Translated by Elwell-Sutton, L. P.). Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 1964-6; Volume I, xxii + 312pp.; Volume II, x + 265pp.; Volume III, viii + 290pp. French translation: Mahomet—Le Prophete. Rome, Centre Islamique Culturel Europeen, 1984, Volume I, 190pp. Preface by Henri Masse. A study of the Sira, emphasizing the biographies of Ahl al-Bait. 457. Rao, K. 8. Ramakrishna. ‘Muhammad the Prophet of Islam’. JRAT; 1979; 7(2): 8-16. 458. Raza, M. Shamim. Introducing the Prophets. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 19695 115pp.54 The Sira Life-sketches of the twenty-one more prominent Prophets; see an essay on the Sira, pp. 104-13. 459. Raza, S. H. The Peerless Prophet. Islamabad: Ministry of Religious Affairs, National Seerat Committee; 1976; 8pp. Note: Published on same occasion as entry 213 and review the same. A general essay on the Sira. 460. Rodinson, Maxime. ‘A Critical Survey of Modern Studies on Muhammad’. In: Swartz, Merlin L. (Ed. and Tr.). Studies on Islam. Oxford: OUP; 1981: pp. 23-85. Reviewed by Ahmad, A. (1984) MWBR 4(2): 19-20. 461. Royster, James Edgar. ‘Muhammad as Teacher and Exemplar’. MW; 1978; 68(4): 235-58. 462, ———. ‘The Study of Muhammad—A Survey of Approaches from the Perspective of the History and Phenomenology of Religion’. MW; 1972; 62(1): 49-70. 463. Saadeh, Mounir R. ‘Why Not Canonize Mohammed?’. MW; 1937; 27(4): 294-7, 464. Sardar, Ziauddin. Muhanmad—Aspects of His Biography. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1978; 68pp; ISBN 0-86037-023-2, paper. A study of the Sira from the beginning of the Wahi (27 Ramadan, 611 C.E.) through his death in 10/6325 illustrated 465. Sarwar, Hafiz Ghulam. Muhammad—The Holy Prophet. Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 1961; xxviii + S02pp. 466. Sarwat, Saulat. The Life of the Prophet. Lahore: Islamic Publications; 1976; 136pp 467, Schall, A. ‘Mohammed’, In: Mainz: Grunewald; 1982: pp. 12-28. chall, A. (Ed.). Premde welt Islam. 468. Schreiner, Stefan. ‘Muhammads Bergpredigt’. Kairos; 19773 19: 241-56, 469. Schrieke, B. ‘Die Himmelsreise Muhammeds’, DI; 1915-6; 6(1); 1-30. 470. Scllheim, Rudolf. ‘Die Lacheln des Propheten’. In: Haberland, E., e al (Bds.). Festschrifi fur Ad. E. Jenson, Munich; 1964: Volume TL, pp. 621-30.General Studies 55 471, Shah, Sirdar Ikbal Ali, Mohammed the Propket. London: Wright and Brown; 1932; 296pp. Reviewed by Pickthall, M. M. (1932) IC 6: 491-2 472. Sharf, A. ‘Heraclius and Mahomet’. Past and Present; 1956; 91): 1-16. 473. Shmidt, A. E. ‘Novuiya Dannuiya po Voprosu o Mnimom Upominanii imeni Mukhammeda v Pyatoknizhii Moiseya’, Zapiski Vostochnago Otdyeleniya; 1916; 24(1): 1-18. 474. Siddiqi, Nafeesuddin. ‘Prophet Muhammad—The Great Revolutionary of the World’, JRAI; 19815 8(8): 6-8. ‘The author presents evidence from the Sira that the Blessed Prophet won the hearts of people through his teaching and example. 475. Siddiqui, Abdul Hameed. The Life of Muhammad. Lahore: Islamic Publications; 1969; viii + 410pp. Reprinted by Hilal Publications, Calcutta, 1982, xiv + 336pp. 416. Siddiqui, Naeem. Muhammad—The Benefactor of Humanity (Translated from the original Urdu by Hashimi, R. A.). Lahore: Islamic Publications; 1974; viii + 27pp. The 1971 edition (329pp) was published by the Board of Islamic Publications, Delhi 477, Sourdel, D. L’Islam. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France; 1949; 127pp. See Chapter I, ‘Mahomet et le Coran’, pp. 5-17. 478. Sprenger, Aloys. The Life of Mohammed from Original Sources. Allah Abad, India: Presbyterian Mission Press; 1851; 210pp. 479, Stewart, Desmond. Early Islam. New York: Time, Inc.; 19675 192pp. (Great Ages of Man Series). See Chapter 1,‘A Messenger from God’, pp. 10-29. 480. Swartz, Merlin L. (Bd. and Tr. 298pp. Reviewed by Ahmad, A. (1984) MWBR 4(2): 19-20. A collection of papers of selected Western authors published chiring the period 1913-75; see Maxim Rodinson’s ‘A Critical Survey of Modern Studies on Muhammad’. Studies on Islam. Oxford: OUP; 1981; 481. Taylor, John. ‘Muhammad—His Life, Work and Teaching’. Learning56 The Sira for Living—Journal of the Christian Education Movement (London); 19725 11(3): 158. 482. Taylor, W. C. ‘Preliminary Examination of a Manuscript Life of Mahomet’, University of Egypt Faculty of Arts Bulletin; 1933; 1(1): 130-5. 483, Thomson, William. ‘A New Life of Mahomed’. MW; 1946; 36(4): 344-51. An extended review of Ronald V. C. Bodley’s book: The Messenger—The Life of Mohammed (New York: Doubleday, 1946). 484, Tritton, Arthur Stanley. Islam—Beliefs and Practices. London: Hutchinson; 1951; 200pp. Reviewed by Robertson, E. (1951) JRAS 1951: 221. 485, Troll, Christian W. Sayyid Ahmad Khan—A Reinterpretation of Muslim Theology. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House; 1978; xxii + 384pp. Reviewed by Murad, Khurram (1982) MWBR 2(4): 8-10. A study of Khan (1232-1315/1817-98) 486. Uehara, Toyoaki. ‘Muhammad—The Hero of Islamic Consciousness’. Tenri Journal of Religion (Japan); 1975; 12(1): 1-49. “The Prophet Muhammad completes its identity in the center of the Islamic psyche to make the fulfilment of God’s command available to all humanities of the world as a symbol of eternal return’. 487. Ulusoy, M. Abdulbaki; Inanir, H. Cemaleddin. Buyuk Peygamberimiz Hazreti Muhammed in Buyuk Sozleri. Istanbul, Turkey: Bolayir Yayinevi; 1946; ll lpp. 488. Vicillard, Renee. Mohammed—Messager d’Allah. Paris: Maloine; 1962; 176pp. Reviewed by Bannerth, E. (1964~1966) MIDEOC 8: 594-5. 489. Vinnikov, I. N. ‘Legenda o Prizvanii Mukhammeda v Svete Emografii’, In: Sergeyu Fedorovichu Oldenburgu k Pyatidesyatiletiyn Nauchno- Obshchestvennoi Deyatel—Nosti, 1882-1932, Sbornik Statei. Leningrad: 19343 pp. 125-46, 490. Waheeduddin, Fakir Syed. The Benefactor (English translation revised by Faiz Ahmad Faiz). Karachi: Lion Art Press; 1964; viii + 150pp. A study of the Sira, followed by biographical sketches of al-Khulafa ar- Rashidun; translation of the original Urdu edition, ‘Muhsin-e-Azam wa Mohsinin’; translation is revised by Faiz, one of the greatest Urdu poets.General Studies 57 491. Waheedy, F. al-. Prophet Muhammad. Delhi: Qaumi Kitab Ghar; 1981; 152pp. 492. Watt, W. Montgomery. ‘Gaps in Our Knowledge of the Background of Muhammad’s Life’. In: Sinor, Denis. (Ed.). International Congress of Orientalists, 23rd Proceedings. London: The Royal Asiatic Society; 1954: pp. 345-6. Emphasizes study of locations and places mentioned in Sira literature 493, ———. Muhammad—Prophet and Statesman. Oxford: OUP; 19613 xi + 250pp. Reviewed by Tibawi, Abdul Latif (1961) 1Q 63-4): 127-85 French translation (Mahomer—Prophete et Home d’Etat) by Odile Mayot, Paris: Payot, 1980, 224pp. Based on an abridgement of the author’s two previous works, Muhammad at Mecca (1953) and Muhammad at Medina (1956), this volume recounts major events during Makkan and Madinan periods of the Sira. 494. . What is Islam? 2nd ed. London and Beirut: Longman and Librairie du Liban; 1979; x + 262pp; ISBN 0-582~78302-X. Reviewed by Ansari, A. 8. Bazmee (1981) HI 4(3): 91-7; Murad, Khurram (1981) MWBR 1(3): 3-9; Said, Edward W. (1980) ASQ 2(4); 386-93; (First edition, 1968, New York, Praeger, ix + 256pp). ‘An historical survey of Islamic thought; the author reviews ‘religious’ and ‘political’ achievements of the Blessed Prophet; see Chapter VI, ‘The Achievement of Muhammad’s Lifetime’, pp. 93-112. 495. Wehr, Hans. ‘Muhammed’s Letzte Worte’. WZKM; 1952; 51: 283-6. 496. Weir, T. H. ‘Was Mohammed Sincere?’. MW; 1918; 8(4): 352-8. 497, Wensinck, Arent Jan. ‘Muhammad und die Propheten’. AO(C); 1924; 2: 168-98. 498. ———. ‘The Refused Dignity’. In: Arnold, T. W. and Nicholson, R. A. (ids.). A Volume of Oriental Studies Presented to Edward G. Browne on His Sixtieth Birthday. Cambridge: CUP; 1922: pp. 491-9. 499. Wessels, Antonie. ‘Modern Biographies of the Life of the Prophet Muhammad in Arabic’. IC; 1975; 49(2): 99-105. ‘A brief review of six titles: i) Taha Husayn (1933) Ala Hamish as-Sira; ii) Abbas Mahmud al-Aqgad (1940) Abgariyyat Muhammad; iii) Abd ar- Rahman ash-Sharqawi (1962) Muhammad Rasul al-Hurriyya; iv) Muhammad Husayn Haykal, Hayat Muhammad; v) Bint ash-Shati (Aisha Abd ar- Rahman), Nisa an-Nabi; vi) Mahmud Shalabi, Ishtirakiyya Muhammad.58 The Sira 500. Wismar, Adolph Louis. A Study in 1 and His Immediate Successors (Doctoral the University; 1927; 108pp. erance as Practised by Muhammad ). New York: Columbia 501. Worrell, William H. ‘The Case of Muhammad’. JAOS; 1928; 48; 136-46, A biographical sketch, full of slander. 502. Zayyat, Ahmed Hasan el-. ‘The Month of Rabi al-Awwal in the Life of the Prophet’. MACE); 1960; 32(5): 14. 503. Zwemer, Samuel M. ‘The Character of Mohammed’. MW; 1911; 1A): 253-5 ‘The author stresses the importance of study of the Sira for a better understanding of Islam (for him, it was for missionary purposes). 504. . ‘The Sword of Mohammed and Al’. MW; 1931; 21(2): 109-21. 505. - ‘Tor Andrae’s Mohammed’, MW 1936; 26: 217-21. An extended review of Andrae’s work on the biography of the Prophet. Makkan Period 506. Abdul Rauf, Muhammad. ‘A Muslim Response to the pre-Islamic Period of Sirat al-Nab?’, MW; 1972; 62(1): 42-8. Written in response to Charles Wendell’s article on the subject (q. v. MW 62(1):12-41, 1972), $07, Abdus Subhan. ‘The World Before and After Muhammad’. IL; 19545 6(1): 3544. ‘ ‘The withor recounts the pre-Islamic world situation and how the Blessed Prophet's acts and teachings caused it to change. 308. Arramadi, Gamal Addin. ‘A Period of Puzzle’. MA(E); 1962; 34(1): 15-18. Describes trials and wibulations in the life of the ProphetMakkan Period 59 509. Atallah, W. ‘De Quelques Pretendues Idoles Bagga, Sagga, ctc.’. AREA; 1973; 20(2): 160-7. With reference to pre-Islamic idols Bajja and Sajja. 510. . ‘Les Survivances Preislamiques chez le Prophete et ses Compagnons’. AREA; 1977; 24(3): 299-310. On the pre-Islamic period in the life of the Prophet and his Companions. 511. Barth, J. ‘Abu Lahab’, In: SEI; p. 11. ‘A note on Abd al-Uzza ibn Abd al-Muttalib (Abu Lahab), an uncle of the Blessed Prophet who was one of his most embittered opponents. 512. Bashier, Zakaria. The Meccan Crucible. London: Federation of the Students’ Islamic Societies in the U.K. and Eire (FOSIS); 1978; 222pp. 513, Bell, Richard, “The Beginning of Muhammad’s Religious Activity’. GUOST; 1936; 7: 16-24. On the Makkan period of the Sira. 514. . ‘Mohammed’s Call’, MW; 19343 24(1): 13-19. On the beginning of revelation to the Blessed Prophet, as described in the Quran and Ahadith. 51S. 0027-4909. With reference to the beginning of revelation to the Blessed Prophet, the author refutes its genuine origin. . ‘Muhammad’s Visions’. MW; 1934; 24: 145-545 ISSN 516. Blachere, Regis. ‘A Propos de Trois Poetes Arabes d’Epoque Aracaique’. AREA; 1957; 4: 231-49. A study of three ancient Arab poets. 517, Bubl, F. P. William, ‘Abd al-Muttalib’, In: SEL, pp. 7-8. ‘A note on Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, the Blessed Prophet’s grandfather. 518. ‘Abu Talib’, In: SEI, p. 12. A note on the uncle of the Blessed Prophet, Abu Talib Abd Manaf ibn Abd al-Muttalib. 519. . ‘Khadidja’ In: SEI, pp. 231-2. A short biography of first wife of the Prophet who died three years before the Prophet migrated from Makkah al-Mukarramah. 520. Donner, Fred McGraw. ‘Mecca’s Food Supplies and Muhammad’s Boycott’. JESHO; 1977; 20: 249-66.60 The Sira ‘ 521. Esin, Emel. Mecca the Blessed—Madinah the Radiant (Photographs by Doganbey, Haluk). London: Elek Books; 1963; 222pp; ISBN 0-236-31090-9. A history of the two blessed cities since the birth of Islam to modern times; includes salient features of the Sira; more than one hundred illustrations. 522, Faruqi, Ismail R. al-. ‘Towards a Historiography of the pre-Hijrah Islam’. IS; 19625 1(2): 65-87. 523. Fazlur Rahman. ‘Pre-Foundations of the Muslim Community in Mecca’. SI; 1976; 43(1): 524. 524, the Hijra + ‘The Religious Situation of Mecca from the Eve of Islam upto IS; 1977; 16(4): 289-301. 525, Fuda, Abdul Rahim, ‘The Significance of Makka’. MA(E); 19703 41(10): 4-6 + 16. A brief essay on Makkah al-Mukarramah in the context of the Sira, 526. Goldfield, I. ‘The Apostle Muhammad’s Abortive Mission in al-Taif?. In; Mansoor, J. (Bd.). Arabic and Islamic Studies. Ramat-Gan: Bar Han University; 1973: pp. 9-20. A study based on sources mentioned in Kitab al-Munammag of Ibn Habib and Kitab al-Amwal of Abu Ubaid. 527. Goldziher, Ignac. ‘Gesetzliche Bestimmungen uber Kunja-Namen im Islam’. ZDMG; 1897; 51: 256-66. 528. Hingora, Q. I. ‘Kabah’. IL; 19703 16(6): 13-19. 529. + ‘Meccan Polytheism and its Fall’. IL; 1970; 16(4): 13-21. A short essay on the eventual defeat of non-believers of Makkah al- Mukarramah, 530. ———. ‘The Prophet’s Struggle before His Hijrah’. IL; 1971; 17(9): 5-19. A study of Makkan period of the Sira. 531, Ibrahim, Mahmood. ‘Social and Economic Conditions in pre-Islamic Mecca’. IJMES; 1982; 14(3): 343-58. 532. Jurji, Edward J. ‘Pre-Islamic Use of the Name Muhammad’. MW; 1936; 26(4): 389-91 ‘The author recounts its usage with special reference to Yemen,Makkan Period 61 533. Kaka Khel, Muhammad Nazeer. ‘The Rise of Muslim Umma at Mecca and its Integration’. HI; 1982; 5(3): 59-74. 534. Khan, M. A. Muid. ‘Life of the Prophet at Mecca as Reflected in Contemporary Poetry’. IC; 1968; 42(2): 75-91. 535. Kister, M. J. ‘Al-Hira—Some Notes on its Relation with Arabia’. AREA; 1968; 15: 143-69. 536, ———. ‘Al-Tahannuth—An Inquiry into the Meaning of a Term’. SOASB; 1968; 31(2): 223-36. ‘The author analyzes the term at-Tahannuth (veneration of Kabah and providing for the poor) in Hadith literature and argues that the Blessed Prophet was following this ancient ritual when he received the first revelation. 537, ———. ‘Magam Ibrahim—A Stone with an Inscription’. MREO; 1971; 84: 477-91. 538, ———. ‘Some Reports concerning Mecca from Jahiliyya to Islam’. JESHO; 1972; 15(1-2): 65-92. 539. . Some Reports concerning al-Taif’. JSAI; 1979; 1(1): 1-18. 540. .* “You Shall Only Set Out for Three Mosques”—A Study of an Early Tradition’. MREO; 1969; 82: 173-96. A study of Hadith material to determine the ranking of the three mosques in Makkah al-Mukarramah, Madinah al-Munawwarah, and Madinah al-Quds (Jerusalem, Palestine). 541. Lammens, Henri. ‘La Mecque a la Veille de ’Hegire’. MUSJ; 1923; 9(3): 97-439. A detailed investigation of life in Makkah al-Mukarramah of the pre-Hijra period. $42. 5 Wensinck, Arent Jan. ‘Mecca’. In; SEI, pp. 368-77. An historical essay on Makkah al-Mukarramah from the eve of the Hijra to the modern period. 543, Lane-Poole, Stanley ‘Glimpses of Islam—Muhammad, Early Life till Flight to Medina’. IL; 1956; 8(10): 51-64. A study of the Makkan period of Sira. 544. Masumi, M. S. H. al-. ‘The Prophet’s Treaty with the Disbelievers of Mecca’. VI; 1972; 20(9): 496-500.62 The Sira 545. Muinul Haq, Shah. ‘The Kaba and the Holy City—Their Significance’. IL; 1965; 11(2): 5-13. Includes an account of pre-Islamic times, 546, Muir, William. ‘The Birth and Childhood of Mahomet’. CR; 18545 22: 360-78. 547. - ‘Early Spread of Islam at Mecca’, CR; 1855; 24: 1-30. A history of early conversions to Islam in Makkah al-Mukarramah. orefathers of Mahomet and the History of Mecca’. CR; 1854; : 75-96. Traces family history of the Prophet, with a short note on pre-Islamic Makkah; based on the works of al-Waqidi, at-Tabari and Ibn Hisham, 549. - ‘The Life of Mahomet, From His Youth to His Fortieth Year’. CR; 1854; 23: 66~95. 550. ———. ‘Life of Mahomet, from the Tenth Year of His Mission to the Rs 1855; 25: 20-60. 551. ‘Progress of Islam from the Fifth to the Tenth Year of the Mission of Mahomet’. CR 1855; 24: 265-87. Shaffer, Jim G. ‘Origins of Islam—A Generative Model’, EAnt; 1978; : 355-64. The model presents the Blessed Prophet as an individual ‘maximizing the opportunity presented him by the cultural patterns and conditions of his times’. 553. Simon, R. ‘Sur Institution de la Muakhah—Entre le Tribalisme et PUmmia’. Acta Orientalia (Budapest); 1973; 27: 333-43, 554. Smith, Sidney. ‘Events in Arabia in the Sixth Century a.p.’. SOASB; 1954; 16: 425-68. 555. Vacca, V. ‘Waraka’. In: SEI, p. 631. A biographical note on Waraga ibn Nawfal ibn Asad al-Quraishi, ‘a cousin of Seyyedah Khadija, the first wife of the Blessed Prophet. 556. “Zaid b. Amr’. In: SEI, pp. 650-1, A biographical note on Zaid ibn Amr ibn Nufail, one of the Makkan Hanif who died when the Blessed Prophet was 35 years of age. 557. Watt, W. Montgomery. ‘Economic and Social Aspects of the Origins of Islam’, 1Q; 19545 1; 90-103.Migration of the Prophet 63 A study of socio-economic conditions of Makkah al-Mukarramah at the time of advent of Islam. 558. . Muhammad at Mecca. Oxford: OUP; 1953; xvi + 192pp. Reviewed by Fuck, J. W. (1953) BO 10: 244-5; Schacht, J. (1958) AREA 2; 218-9; French translation (Mahomet a la Macque) by F, Dourveil, Paris: Payot, 1958. By and large, based on original sources, this work recounts the history of the Sira to the beginning of the Hijra (migration) of the Prophet. 559. . ‘The Sociologist and the Prophet—Reflections on the Origin of Islam’, In: Ram, Malik and Ahmad, M. D. (Eds.). Arshi Presentation Volume-—Presented to Imtiaz Ali Khan Arshi on His Sixty-First Birthday, December 8, 1965; 1965: pp. 29-36. 560. Weir, T. H. ‘Djahiliya’. In: SEI, p. 82. A note on the pre-Islamic period in Arabia. 561. Wendell, Charles. ‘The Pre-Islamic Period of Sirat al-Nabi’. MW: 19725 62(1): 12-41. Muhammad Abdul Rauf responded to this article; see MW, 62(1): 42-8, 1972. 562. Wolf, Eric R. ‘The Social Organization of Mecca and the Origins of Islam’, Sourhwestern Journal of Anthropology; 19513 6: 329-56, 563. Zayyat, Ahmed Hasan el-, ‘From the Dark Cradles the Light of God Dawned’. MA(E); 1959-60; 31: 65-8. An account of the Makkan period of the Sira. Migration of the Prophet 564. Ahmad, Khurshid. ‘The Significance of Hijrah’, IL 1971; 17(9): 21-8 Attempts to counter the Orientalists’ notion that Hijra, in a way, was a symbol of the tragedy of Islam since it turned him into a statesman rather than a prophet.64 The Sira 565. “The Significance of Hijra’, M(L); 1975; 13(1): H-13. The story of Hijra (migration of the Prophet from Makkah al-Mukarramah) to derive lessons for the Muslim community. 566. Alwaye, A. M. Mohiaddin. “Phe Importance of the Hijrah’. MACE); 1973; 45(1): 1-4. A general essay on the Prophet’s migration from Makkah al-Mukarramah to Madinah al-Munawwarah. 567. Anonymous. ‘Hijrah—The Night Humanity Triumphed’. IH; 1978; 7A): 1. ‘The night of Hijra was the precise moment in time when all the forces of. Nature stood in configuration'to respond to his supplication. The sojourn had begun to save the world for Islam.’ 568. Azzam, Salem. ‘The Significance of the Prophet's Hijra’. JRAI; 1980; 703): 15-16. The author regards Hijra as a watershed between two periods of Islam—spiritual preparation in Makkah al-Mukarramah and socio-political growth during the Madinan period. 569. Bashier, Zakaria, Hijra—Story and Significance. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation; 1983; 110pp; ISBN 0-86037-124~7, paper. A moving account of the story of Hijra. 570. . The Political Implications of Hijra, Slough, UK: The Muslim Institute; 1977; Spp. STL. Blachere, Regis. Dans les Pas de Mahomet (Photographies de Frederique Dura; Notices Historiques et Archeologiques de Helene Tachette; 1956; 128pp. A study in historiography of Hijra. 572. Buhl, F. P. William; Wensinck, Arent Jan. ‘Al-Mubadjirun’. In: SEL; pp. 389-90. A short essay on Companions of the Prophet who migrated with him to Madinah al-Munawwarah. 573. Carra de Vaux, Baron. ‘Hidjra’, In: SEI; pp. 139. A short history of the beginning of the use of Hijra dates. 574. Krenkow, F. ‘The Topography of Hijrah’. IC; 1929; 3(3): 357-64. Based on Ibn Ishaq’s work; explanations for place names provided through Yaqut and Ibn Durayd.Migration of the Prophet 65 575. Lammens, Henri. ‘La Cite Arabe de Taif a la Veille de !"Hegire’. MUSJ; 1922; 8(4): 113-327. 576. Metwalli, Ahmad Kamel. ‘The Truth about the Hegira’. MI(E); 1967; 7(2): 19-22. 577. The Muslim Institute. Hijra Centenary Programme (With an Introduction by Siddiqui, Kalim). Slough, UK: The Muslim Institute; 19775 9pp. Outline of the program as agreed by the Eighth Islamic Foreign Ministers’ Conference in Tripoli, Libya, Jumada al-Awwal 1397/May 1977. 578. Reckendorf, H. ‘Al-Ansar’. In: SEI; pp. 43-4. A short essay on the history of al-Ansar (the helpers) of Madinah al- Munawwarah who assisted the Prophet during Hijra. 579. Shamsi, F. A. ‘The Date of Hijrah’. IS; 1984; 23(3 and 4): 189-224 and 289-324, In Part I the author reconstructs a detailed itinerary of the Prophet: reached Quba on the 12th day after his departure from Makkah al-Mukarramah, and on the 8th day after his departure from the cave, and on the 6th/7th day after his departure from Qudayd. The Prophet came to Madinah al-Munawwarah for the first time on the 16th day after his first departure. In Part II he argues that there is no reason to take Monday, 12th of Rabi al-Awwal as so fundamental a date as to override all other reports and considerations. 580. Sharafuddin, S. ‘The Hijrah—A Chapter from Ibn Hisham’. IC; 1935; 9(1): 39-57. Translation of a chapter on Hijra from Ibn Hisham’s work. 581. Siddiqi, Nafeesuddin. ‘The Prophet’s Hijrah—Importance and Blessing’. JRAI; 1980; 7(4): 28-32. 582, Wensinck, Arent Jan. ‘Ahl al-Suffa’. In: SEI; p. 17. A note on a group of Mubajirun in Madinah al-Munawwarah. 583. Yusuf, S. M. ‘Significance of Hijrah’. VI; 1975; 23: 225-9, cnsati“s66 The Sira Medinan Period 584. Abdul Wahab. ‘Muhammad at Medina’. IL; 1966; 12(3): 37-8. Attempts to refute the Western notion that the Prophet’s migration from Makkah al-Mukarramah to Madinah al-Munawwarah turned him into a statesman rather than a prophet. 9585. Ahmad, Anis. ‘First Khutbah in al-Madinah’. IH; 1979; 8(12): 3-4. ‘The text of the Prophet’s Khutbah (Address) delivered at Banu Salim. 586. Anonymous. ‘Sayyedina Muhammad and Islamic Movement in Medinah’. IH; 1979; 8(2): 1+9. A glimpse of the nascent Islamic movement in Madinah al-Munawwarah. 587, Arafat, Walid N. ‘An Interpretation of the Different Accounts of the Visit of the Tamim Delegation to the Prophet in A. H. 9’, SOASB;- 1955; 17(33: 416-27. 588, Bell, Richard. ‘Muhammad!’s Pilgrimage Proclamation’. JRAS; 1937: 232-44, 589. Blachere, Regis. ‘L’Allocution de Mahomet lors du Pelerinage d’Adiew’, In: Melanges Louis Massignon, Damascus: Institut Francais de Dumas; 1956; Volume I: pp. 223-49. Reprinted in, Regis Blachere. Analecta, Damascus: Institut Francais de Damas, pp. 121-43, 1975, With reference to the last Hajj of the Blessed Prophet. 590. Buhl, F. P. William. ‘Abu Djahl’. In: SEI; p. 9. A biographical note on Abu al-Hakam Amr ibn Hisham ibn al-Mughira, better known as Abu Jahl, the arch enemy of the Prophet who was killed at the Battle of Badr. 591. ‘Abu Sufyan’. In: SEI; pp. 11-12. A biographical note on Sakhr ibn Harb ibn Umaiya (Abu Sufyan) (4.31/ 652), once an arch enemy but a later convert to Islam. 592. . ‘Al-Madina’. In: Gibb, H. A. R., SEI; pp. 291-8. An historical review.Medinan Period 67 593. Dargahi, Gholam Husain. ‘ “The Shaping of Hizbullah or Muhammmad’s Virtuous Polity,” A. D. 624-32’, IC; 1971; 45: 45-36. A study of the late Madinan period in the life of the Prophet. 594. Denny, F. M. ‘Ummah in the Constitution of Medina’. JNES; 1977; 36(1): 39-47. A study of the notion of Ummah in the Quran, Ibn Ishaq’s Sirat Rasul Allah and the Constitution of Madinah. 595. Donaldson, Dwight M. ‘Ibn Jubays’s Visit to al-Medina’. JAOS; 1930 S0(1): 26~42. A translation of one of the two extant manuscripts (copied in Makkah al- Mukarramah 874/1470) giving an account of Ibn Jubayr’s travel in 578/ 1183. 596. Esin, Emel. Mecca the Blessed—Madinah the Radiant; see entry 521. 597. Esin, Emil. ‘The Impact of the Ideal of Madinat al-Nabi on the Tur! HI; 1978; 1(2): 73-7. Paper presented on same occasion as entry 213, which see. 598, Gil, Moshe. ‘The Constitution of Medina—A Reconsideration’. IOS; 1973; 4(1): 44-66, 599. Guillaume, Alfred. ‘The Version of the Gospels Used in Medina Circa 700 A. D.’. Al-A; 1950; 15: 289-96. 600. Hamidullah, Muhammad. ‘The Christian Monk Abu Amir of Medina of the Time of the Holy Prophet’. JPHS; 1959; 7(4); 231-40. 601, ———. ‘Educational System in the Time of the Prophet’, IC; 1939; 131): 48-59. The educational practices of the Prophet during the Madinan period. 602. . The First Written Constitution in the World—An Important Document of the Time of the Holy Prophet. 3rd revised ed, Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf; 1975; 76pp. First serialized in IR, August-November, 1941; text and translation of the deed drawn by the Prophet in the first year of Hijrah contains discussion on the prerogatives and obligations of the ruler. 603, ——. ‘Some Arabic Inscriptions of Medina of the Early Years of Hijrah’, IC; 1939; 13(4): 427-39 + 10 plates. A study of Arabic inscriptions at various locations in Madinah al- Munawwarah, useful in early historiographical research.68 The Sira 604, Kaka Khel, Muhammad Nazeer. ‘Foundation of the Islamic State at Medina and its Constitution’. 1S; 1982; 21(3): 61-88. 605, Kister, M. J. ‘ “You Shall Only Set Out for Three Mosques”— Study of an Early Tradition’. MREO; 1969; 82: 173-96. A study of Hadith material to determine the ranking of the three mosques, in Makkah al-Mukarramah, Madinah al-Munawwarah, and Madinah al-Quds Gerusalem, Palestine). 606. Lane-Poole, Stanley. ‘Glimpses of Islam—Muhammad, Life in Medina’. IL; 1956; 8(11): 53-63. A study of the Madinan period of Sira. 607. Mahler, E. ‘Ueber Zwei zu al-Madina Gesehene Sonnenfinsternisse’. WZKM; 1900; 14: 109-14. 608. Makki, Mohamed. Medina, Saudi Arabia—A Geographic Analysis of the City and Region, Amersham, UK: Avebury Publishing Company; 1982; 231pp. Reviewed by Manzoor, S. P. (1984) MWBR 4(3): 54. A study of the modern city; leaves out much of the historical details. 609. Malabari, Ibrahim Husain. ‘Prophet Muhammad—Glimpses of His Great Personality’. JRAI; 1984, 1985; 123 and 4): 5-11 + 23-9. A study of the Prophet’s personality as an educator, campaigner, reformer, organizer, and a ruler. 610. Massignon, Louis. La Mubahala de Medina et !'Hyperdulie de Fatima. Paris: G.-P, Maisonneuve; 1955; 35pp. 611. ‘La Rawda de Medine—Cadre de la Meditation Musulmane sur la Destinee du Prophete’. BIFAO; 1960; 59: 241-72. 612. Melamede, Gertrud. “The Meeting at al-Akaba’. MO; 19345 28(1): 17-58. An examination of the papyrus of Schott Reinhardt (derived from Wahb ibn Munabbih, Ibn Hisham, at-Tabari, al-Bukhari, Ahmad ibn Hanbal and others) for accounts of the meetings at al-Aqaba. 613. Morabia, A. ‘Surnaturel, Prodiges Prophetiques et Incubation dans la Ville de PEnvoye d’Allah’, SI; 1975; 42: 93-114. A study of Wafa al-Wala of as-Samhudi (844~-911/1440-1505). 614. Quraishi, M. Tariq. ‘The Islamic Movement in Madinah—A New Phase’. Al; 1982; 19(1): 63-75.Medinan Period 69 Reprinted in JRAI (1984) 11(8): 10-7. Highlights some events of the Madinan period, such as change of Qiblah, accord with Jews, and Battle of Badr. 615. Rahman, H. The Medinan Period of the Prophet Muhammad as Presented in the Quran, the Historical Commentary and Standard Biography (Doctoral thesis). Cambridge: Cambridge University; 1979. See AIT 29(2):182, 1982. 616. Reckendorf, H. ‘Al-Ansar’. In: SEI; pp. 43~4. A short essay on the history of al-Ansar (the helpers) of Madinah al- Munawwarah who assisted the Prophet during Hijra. 617. Rhodokanakis, N. ‘Uber Zwei zu al-Madina Gesehene Sonnenfinsternisse’. WZKM; 1900; 14(1): 78-108. 618. Seta, Ferhat. ‘Medina-Prvi Centar Hadiske Nauke’. VISUG; 1978; 41(3): 227-31. 619. Vacca, V. ‘Kuraiza’, In: SEI; pp. 272-3. A note on one of the three Jewish tribes of Yathrib. 620. . ‘Nadir’. In: SEI; pp. 429-30. A note on a Jewish tribe, Banu an-Nadir, settled in Yathrib. 621. . ‘Zainab bint Khuzaima’. In: SEI; p. 653. A short note on Seyyedah Zainab bint Khuzaima ibn al-Harith al-Hilaliya, one of the wives of the Prophet (d.5/627). 622. Wagidi, Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Umar al- (130-207/748-823). Muhammad in Medina—Das ist Vakidi’s Kitab al-Maghazi in Verkurzter Deutscher Wiedergabe (Translated by Wellhausen, Julius). Berlin: G. Reimer; 1882; 472pp. 623, Watt, W. Montgomery. ‘Mohammed a Medina’, TR; 19585 126: 27-41. 624. . Muhammad at Medina. Oxford: OUP; 1956; xiv + 418pp Reviewed by Guillaume, A. (1956) JSS 2: 217-8; Tritton, A. S. (1956) Journal of Central Asian Society 43: 260-1. Sequel to the author’s Muhammad at Mecca (1953), this volume was translated into French (Mahomet a Medine) by $, M. Guillemin and F. Vandou, Paris: Payot, 1959; French translation reprinted (1979) by S.N-E.D., Alger, 408pp.70 The Sira 625. Wellhausen, Julius. Medina vor dem Islam—Muhammads Gemeindeordnung von Medina. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter; 1985; ii + 194 (German) + 78 (Arabic) pp; ISBN 3-11-009764-8, A photomechanical reprint of the original 1889 edition. A study of Hadith literature focusing on Madinan part of the Sira. 626. Wensinck, Arent Jan. ‘Ahl al-Sutfa’. In: SEI; p. 17. A note on a group of Muhajirun in Madinah al-Munawwarah. 627. . ‘Kainuka’, In: SEL; p. 208. A note on Banu Qainuga, one of the three Jewish tribes of Yathrib, who were in alliance with the Khazraj Family of the Prophet 628. Abbasi, S. M. Madni. Daughters of the Holy Prophet. Karachi: International Islamic Publishers; 19825 80pp. Short biographical accounts of daughters of the Prophet. 629. Anonymous (Tr.). ‘Khutba of Fatima Zahra’, In: Nuradeen Selections. Blanco, Texas: Zahra Publications; 1983: pp. 52~5; ISBN 0-88059-012-2. An address meant to have been delivered by Seyyedah Fatima after the death of the Prophet. 630. Buhl, F. P. William. ‘Abd al-Muttalib’. In: SEE pp. 7-8. A note on Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, the Prophet’s grandfather. 631. . ‘Abd Allah b, al-Abbas’, In: SEL; p. 4. A biographical note on Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas (d.68/688), cousin of the Prophet, whose fame rests on his excellent knowledge of Tafsir al-Quran and Hadith. 632. “Abu Talib’. In: SET; p. 12. A note on uncle of the Prophet, Abu Talib Abd Manaf ibn Abd al-Muttalib. 633. ———. ‘Al-Abbas’. In: SEIT; p. 1.Family of the Prophet 71 A short note on al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib Abu al-Fadl, uncle of the Prophet (d.32/653). 634. Buhl, G. ‘Umm Kulthum’. In: SEI; p. 601. A short note on one of the daughters (d. 9/631) of the Prophet who was married to Seyyedna Uthman ibn Affan (d. 35/656). 635. Ibn Qutayba, Abu Muhammad Abd Allah ibn Muslim (213-76/ 828-89). [Ibn Coteiba’s] Handbuch der Geschichie—Aus den Handschrifien der K. K. Hofbibliothek 2u Wien (Edited by Wustenfeld, Ferdinand). Gottingen: Vendenhoeck und Ruprecht; 1850. See pp. 56-83 for a summary of genealogy of the Prophet. 636. Lammens, Henri. Fatima et les Filles de Mahomet—Notes Critiques pour PEtudes de la Sira, Rome: Institut Biblique Pontificial; 19125 viii + 170pp. A critical study of family life of the Prophet in order to assess the authenticity of Sira literature. 637. . ‘Fatima’. In: SEI; pp. 101-2 A short biography of Seyyedah Fatima az-Zahra, one of the daughters of the Prophet (d.11/633), who was married to Seyyedna Ali ibn Abi Talib. 638. . ‘Hamza’. In: SEI; p. 131. A note on Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib, uncle of the Prophet, who was martyred at the Battle of Uhud 639. Margoliouth, David S. ‘The Last Days of Fatimah, Daughter of the Prophet’, In: Melanges Hartwig Derenbourg (1844-1908), Recueil de Travaux @'Erudition dedies a la Memoire d Hartwig Derenbourg par ses Amis et ses Eleves. Paris: Ernest Leroux; 1909: pp. 279-86. 640. Massignon, Louis. La Mubahala de Medina et ?Hyperdulie de Fatima Paris: G.-P. Maisonneuve; 1955; 35pp. 641. Oseni, Z. I. ‘The Prophet’s Contact with Africa’. JRAT; 1982; 9(11): 8-12. An account of the first Muslim migration to Ethiopia in 615 c.k., that included Seyyedah Rugayyah, one of the daughters of the Blessed Prophet who was married to Seyyedna Uthman ibn Affan; records later developments as well as letter written by the Prophet to Negus. 642. Salmin, Muhammad Ali. Fatima—The Body of the Light, Daughter of the Holy Prophet Muhammad. Bombay: The Author; 1939; x + xv + 283pp. Note: Reprinted in 1974 by Peermuhomed Ebrahim Trust, Karachi.