CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec.

19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Problems #1, 2, and 3 will refer to this chemical equation:

Br2 g ⇌ 2 Br g

1. Which of the following statements are TRUE about this chemical equation?
I. Going from the reactant to the product, one sigma bond is broken.
II. Going from the reactant to the product, one pi bond is broken.
III. There is a triple bond in the Br2 molecule.
IV. This equation represents a phase change.
V. On the product side, each Br has a full octet of valence electrons.

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

2. A 1600 C, 1.20% b e ec e d c a e into neutral bromine atoms. What is 𝐾𝐶 for the reaction of 82.0 g of
Br2 in a 1.00 L flask?
Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer appropriately.
Put your final answer in scientific notation.

3. An equilibrium was established in a c a e a e 1.00 L a 1600 C.

Describe THREE changes that would result in the equilibrium shifting to the product side. These changes can relate to the
quantities of reactants or products, the volume of the container, and/or the temperature of the system.

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Problems #4, 5, and 6 will refer to this balanced chemical equation:

CaCO3 s ⇌ CaO s + CO2 g ∆H 178 kJ/mol

4. Which of the following changes would increase the amount of calcium oxide present at equilibrium?
I. Remove the carbon dioxide as it forms
II. Add more carbon dioxide
III. Increase the pressure by decreasing the volume
IV. Decrease the temperature

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

5. A 800 C, 𝐾 0.236 for this reaction. What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide once the equilibrium has been
e ab ed a 800 C?
Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer appropriately.

6. Which of these statements are TRUE about this reaction?

I. The calcium is the reducing agent.
II. The anion on the product side is isoelectronic with helium.
III. All of the substances are covalent compounds.
IV. The carbon dioxide molecule has a 120 bond angle.
V. This is a precipitation reaction.

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Problems #7 and 8 will refer to this chemical equation:

𝟐 Na s + 𝟐 H2 O l → 𝟐 NaOH aq + H2 g

Thermodynamic data at P = 1 atm, T = 25 oC.

Hf
Substance (kJ/mol) Gf (kJ/mol)
Na s 0 0
H2 O l 285.8 237.2
Na+ aq 23 .7 261.
OH − aq 22 . 157.3
H2 g 0 0

7. Which of the following statements are TRUE about this reaction?

I. T eac a e a 25 C.
II. This reaction vessel would feel hot.
III. ∆S −12 J/mol ∙ K
IV. ∆S 0
V. The aqueous solution on the product side has pH < 7.
VI. This reaction vessel would feel cold.

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

8. What products do you predict for the reaction of neutral potassium metal with water?

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Problems #9, 10, and 11 will refer to this chemical equation:

___C5 H12 g + ___O2 g → ___H2 O g + ___CO2 g

9. How many moles of O2 are needed for complete combustion of 0.055 L of C5 H12 (d = 0.630 g/mL)?
Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer appropriately.
Put your final answer in scientific notation.

10. Considering that air is 21% by volume O2, how many liters of air are needed for complete combustion of 0.055 L of
pentane (C5 H12 at T = 25 oC, P = 1.00 atm?
Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer appropriately.
Put your final answer in scientific notation.

11. Is this reaction spontaneous at low temperatures, high temperatures, or all temperatures? Explain your answer. Keep in
mind that ∆𝐻 0 for combustion reactions.

12. Draw the Lewis Structure for pentane (C5 H12 :

13. How many sigma bonds are in pentane? How many pi bonds are in pentane?

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

14. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of aqueous potassium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.

15. What TYPE of reaction is this? Explain.

16. If appropriate quantities of both potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid were combined, such that neither reactant
was limiting, what would be the approximate pH of the final solution? Explain your answer.

17. What is the approximate pH of the solution at the end of the reaction when 14.0 mL of a 0.15 M solution of potassium
hydroxide is combined with 15.0 mL of a 0.15 M solution of hydrochloric acid?
Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer to two decimal places.

18. Which of the following statements are TRUE about this chemical reaction:
BaCl2 aq + Na2 SO4 aq → Products
I. The products are BaNa2 and Cl2 SO4
II. The product is an aqueous solution containing four different ionic species
III. This is a redox reaction
IV. On the reactant side, the cations are isoelectronic with Xe and Ne
V. This is an acid/base reaction

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Problems #19, 20, and 21 will refer to this chemical equation:

HA aq + H2 O l ⇌ H3 O+ aq + A− aq Acid 𝑲𝒂 _____
HF 7.1 x 10−4
HCl 1.3 x 106
HBr 1.0 x 10
HI 3.2 x 10
19. What do the reactions of HF, HCl, HBr, and HI with water all have in common?
A) The equilibrium favors the reactant side.
B) The conjugate acid of water is hydronium.
C) The conjugate base is chloride.
D) The conjugate base of water is hydronium.
E) The equilibrium favors the product side.

20. Which of the following statements are TRUE about a 0.10 M solution of HF and a 0.10 M solution of HCl?
I. These solutions have the same pH
II. The pH of the HF solution is greater than 1.00.
III. The HCl solution has a lower pH than the HF solution
IV. The pH of the HF solution is 1.00
V. Neither of these solutions contains any hydroxide.

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

21. Which of the following species will be present in a 0.10 M solution of HF?
I. HF molecules
II. Water molecules
III. Hydronium ions
IV. Fluoride ions

Explain your choices.

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Problems #22, 23, 24 and 25 will refer to these thermochemical equations:

H2 O s ⇌ H2 O l ∆𝐻 6.01 kJ/mol
H2 O l ⇌ H2 O g ∆𝐻 44.0 kJ/mol

22. W a ee a c a e e 125 ae a c de e d a e a 100 C?

Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer appropriately.
Put your final answer in scientific notation.

23. What additional information would you need to calculate the heat change for the following process?
67 g H2 O s , −10 ℃ → 67 g H2 O g , 115 ℃

A) No additional information is needed

B) The specific heats of H2 O s , H2 O l , and H2 O g
C) The heat capacity of ice
D) ∆𝐻 for H2 O
E) The volume of the container and the external pressure

24. Which of the following statements are true about water in the solid phase?
I. H2 O s is less dense than H2 O l
II. If the sample were melted, the density would decrease.
III. If the sample were melted, the entropy would increase.
IV. The water molecules are held together in a covalent crystal.
V. T e b d a e eac a e ec e ea e a 90 b e a 109.5

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

25. Consider the substance H2 S (hydrogen sulfide). Which of the following predictions can you make, based on what you
already know about H2 O?
I. ∆𝐻 44.0 kJ/mol
II. T e a b e a 100 C
III. At the normal boiling point, the vapor pressure of H2 S is 1 atm

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Problems #26, 27, and 28 will refer to this chemical equation:

____ NH4 HS s ⇌ ___NH3 g + ___H2 S g

A e ac a ed 2.00 L e e a c a ed 3.4512 e d. A e b a e ab ed a 20.0 C a d e

total pressure inside the vessel was 0.350 atm at equilibrium. Some of the solid remained.

26. What is 𝐾 for this reaction?

Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer appropriately.
Put your final answer in scientific notation.

27. What percentage of the solid has reacted?

Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer appropriately.

28. If the volume of the reaction vessel were doubled, at a constant temperature, what would happen to the amount of
solid present? Explain your answer.

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

29. Consider the substance diethyl ether C4 H10 O :

Which intermolecular forces are present in a sample of liquid diethyl ether?

I. Dispersion
II. Dipole-dipole
III. Hydrogen bonding
IV. Ion-dipole

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

30. H a 26.0 kJ/mol for diethyl ether. The vapor pressure of diethyl ether is 0.528 atm at 18.0 oC. What is the vapor
pressure of diethyl ether at 25.0 oC?
Show your work, including all units, and round your final answer appropriately.

31. Which of the following statements are TRUE about diethyl ether?
I. T b a ce a a a 25 C e ee e a e e 1a
II. This is an ionic compound
III. T e a b b a ce ea e a 25 C
IV. This is a nonpolar compound.

Circle the true statements, and EXPLAIN why the other statements are false.

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

32. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers are valid for a valence electron in a neutral bromine atom?
I. 𝑛 3, 𝑙 0, 𝑚𝑙 0, 𝑚 +1/2
II. 𝑛 2, 𝑙 1, 𝑚𝑙 2, 𝑚 −1/2
III. 𝑛 4, 𝑙 0, 𝑚𝑙 0, 𝑚 +1/2
IV. 𝑛 4, 𝑙 2, 𝑚𝑙 −1, 𝑚 −1/2

Circle the correct answer(s), and EXPLAIN why the other options are not correct.

The END. I hope you have a restful & relaxing break, and good luck with next semester! – Prof. Surry

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Approximate Electronegativity Values

Equation Sheet

− ± √ 2 −4 solat d ld
x= 2
% yield = t or t cal ld
x 100% M1V1 = M2V2

ax2 + bx + c = 0 P1V1 = P2V2 101.33 J = 1 L a

𝑚 𝑙 𝑙
molarity (M) = 𝑙 𝑙 𝑛
0 oC = 273.15 K 𝑇1
1
= 𝑇2
2

𝑃1 𝑃2 𝑚
= R = 8.314 R = 0.0821
𝑇1 𝑇2 𝑚 𝑙𝐾 𝑚 𝑙𝐾

𝑃 𝑛
PV = nRT d= 𝑇
𝑋 𝑛𝑇

1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr U=q+w = P V

H=U+P V H= U+P V U = H RT n

C = ms q = ms t q=C t

𝐻 𝑛 = 𝐻 ( d c ) 𝐻 (reactants) 𝑍 =Z

∆𝐻 𝑃 ∆𝐻 𝑇1 − 𝑇2
ln P = 𝑇
+𝐶 ln 𝑃1 = ( 𝑇1 𝑇2
) 𝐻 = 𝐻 + 𝐻
2

𝐶 ∆𝑛
𝑃1 = 𝑋1 𝑃1 K= 𝐾 = 𝐾 (0.0821 𝑇

𝐾 = [H+][OH-] = 1.0 x 10−14 H= [H+] pH + pOH = 14.00

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CM 1004 Final Exam Due Saturday Dec. 19 at 10:30 AM EST Fall 2020

Equation sheet, continued

𝑆 𝑛 = 𝑆 + 𝑆 >0 𝑆 𝑛 = 𝑆 ( d c ) 𝑆 (reactants)

G = H TS G= H T S 𝐺 𝑛 = 𝐺 ( d c ) 𝐺 (reactants)

Solubility Rules

Soluble Compounds Insoluble Compounds

Containing: Containing:
Alkali metal ions Carbonates
Halides Phosphates
Ammonium Sulfides
Sulfates Hydroxides
Nitrates

Exceptions: PbX2 (lead halides), silver halides, and sulfates of calcium, barium, lead, and silver are insoluble.
Hydroxides of alkali metal ions and barium hydroxide are soluble.
Carbonates, phosphates, and sulfides of alkali metal ions or ammonium are soluble.

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