International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2015)

Construction project working site of environmental pollution and

countermeasures
GENG ZHANG
Department of civil engineering , Xinjiang Construction Vocational Technology Institute ,Urumqi
830026 ,China.
[email protected]

Keywords:construction project working site; environmental pollution; countermeasures

Abstract: With the rapid development of China's economy, the urbanization process continues to
accelerate, increasing the amount of large construction projects, at the same time because of the
environmental pollution problems caused by the construction of more and more serious. In this
paper, the construction of environmental species present first analysis to focus on the perspective of
sustainable development, environmental pollution problems for the construction of proposed
countermeasures to control environmental pollution.

Introduction
Since the reform and opening up, the role of the construction industry in China play an important
economic development, with the rapid development of national economy, the construction industry
has become a pillar industry of China's economic development. Although the construction industry
has brought great opportunities for the development of the national community, but has produced a
large number of pollutants in the course of construction, it has seriously affected the quality of life
of the people, but also destroyed the balance of ecological environment. How to effectively solve
the construction of environmental problems have gradually become the focus of attention.

The construction of the main categories of environme ntal pollution

Noise Pollution
Noise is the most common form of pollution impairs the living environment; construction noise
may be generated by various types of construction machinery, construction process due to multiple
devices simultaneously exacerbated the effects of noise; scaffolding and formwork handling,
installation and noise removal, etc. can also be formed. General construction is carried out in stages,
can be roughly divided into four stages, namely stage earthwork, piling stage, the construction stage
structure and renovation phase. Used in various stages of construction equipment is not the same,
noise pollution is not the same.
water pollution
Construction of the wastewater is mainly generated by the following water category: Cleaning
well point dewatering, sludge generated by pile foundation construction, building materials and
pipeline construction workers living water and wastewater. Temporary water leaking without
corresponding facilities management follow-up, which will lead to the construction site sewage
overflow; the mud liquid waste slurry discharged directly into the sewer, puree precipitated blocked
drains, leading to secondary water pollution problems.
air pollution
Exhaust gas mainly from building decoration materials, where the pollutants are formaldehyde;
paints, coatings, asphalt, adhesives in a variety of volatile organic compounds, such as aromatic
hydrocarbons, straight chain hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols
and the like; building materials, air pollution caused by volatile organic compounds such as
radiation and influence, often long-term continuous, some bedroom decoration a few year after, the

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 International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2015)

formaldehyde concentration of BTEX was still seriously overweight. Pollutants produced building
materials for the body's nervous system, blood system, respiratory system, reproductive system, etc.
will produce great harm.
dust pollution
Dust is a major source of surface dust, but also to measure an important indicator of air quality of
the urban environment. Construction dust pollution mainly refers to the construction site leveling
operations, cement transport, concrete mixer, carpentry room sawdust, lime, stone and backfill yarn
and other building materials in transportation, stacking and use, due to human or some
meteorological factors. Dust great impact on human lungs, once inhaled into the lungs, it will
irreversibly permanent retention, until death.
waste pollution
Building solid waste emissions from large, wide scope and far-reaching, difficult to degrade and
persist in the soil will alter soil characteristics, not only the beauty of damage to the environment,
the impact of appearance of the city, harm to human health, contamination of soil and ground water,
reduce land economy value and so on. Waste pollution is mainly composed of soil, sediment,
scattered mortar and concrete, masonry and concrete fragments tick chisel generated waste piling
cut under reinforced concrete pile head, metal, bamboo wood, decoration produced a variety of
building materials packaging and garbage and so on.
Light Pollution
Light pollution is a common building Following contaminated waste gas, waste water, waste and
noise, and a new source of environmental pollution, light pollution at construction site mainly refers
to the arc welding emitted light at night during the construction, etc. These Light pollution can
sometimes affect people's normal sleep, some even once shine directly on the human eye, there is
the danger caused by blind.
Emissions of hazardous waste
Construction site hazardous waste category is very large, such as chemical waste materials (often
toxic) and its packaging, waste aluminum foil, industrial cotton, oil gloves, oil cotton cloth, paint
brush, scrap thermometers (mercury ); laboratory waste bottles (mainly potassium dichromate,
sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, acid, etc.); waste on-site cleaning tools, machinery
maintenance liquid waste (some containing heavy metal ions); office waste copy pape r, copier
waste cartridges, ribbons of waste, waste batteries, waste disk, calculators waste, waste fluorescent
tubes and so on.

The construction site control measures pollution

strengthen supervision and management
Construction enterprises should be based on ISO14000 environmental management standards,
establish environmental management system, developed a series of environmental protection
measures, prevention, comprehensive management, the establishment of the construction site of the
environmental protection system, the responsibilities to each of the construction workers: First, the
construction enterprises should enhance environmental awareness and improve environmental
quality. Second, to establish ISO14000 environmental management system according to ring the
requirements of the environmental management system standard, programming documents and
construction and environmental protection work instructions, according to the standard
requirements of construction organizations. Third, to strengthen the organization and management,
construction project environmental protection unit set up a leading group headed by the project
manager, the responsibility should gradually break down, the establishment of assessment system.
Strengthening Prevention Technology
In noise abatement, we should take effective measures to control the noise, because during the
construction will be more frequently used construction equipment, noise sound source is stronger,
and more noise sources superimposed noise level increases, so in different construction stages,
regulatory requirements should be carried out on the construction site noise control. First of all, the
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 International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2015)

construction site is completed before performing masonry walls, noise protection for sensitive target
adjacent side noise reduction pre- installed security curtain around. Strengthen man-made noise
control, eliminate human beat, loud noises. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the
construction phase, a reasonable layout of the construction site, will produce high noise machinery
and equipment disposed on the side away from the sound environmental protection goals. Then, try
to choose low-noise muffler or with construction machinery equipment, adopt environmentally
friendly working methods. Construction site construction vehicle access point should be kept
away from sensitive sites, vehicle access to the site should be low, Jinming. Promoting the use of
ready-mixed concrete. Strengthen the construction machinery inspection, repair and maintenance, to
avoid mechanical failures run and generate abnormal noise pollution. Finally, strengthening the
construction site noise monitoring, to achieve the purpose of the construction is not disturbing.
In terms of dust, but also to do science and technology-based, first, construction, living and work
area equipped with hand watering hardening road sweeping to control dust. Second, prohibit mixing
of concrete at the construction site, always use the ready- mixed concrete; dust material transport
should be limited to the height, and the surface is sprayed with water and cover to prevent dust
pollution. Third, the floor waste removal, is strictly prohibited to throw out garbage from floor
surface. Fourth, the construction site used for decoration as much as possible the use of
semi- finished raw materials (such as plaster), reduce dust. Fifth, centralized dust sifting, mixing and
set enclosure, reducing pollution of the surrounding environment.
In wastewater treatment: wastewater settling ponds should be set in advance to import pro hibited
directly discharged into the city sewer and river; sewage should be discharged into municipal
sewage pipe network, together with the construction of waste water treated by the sewage treatment
plant; for all types of vehicles, Fuel equipment used motor oil and lubricants should strengthen the
management, all waste grease have to focus; paint, oil and other chemical materials polluting the
classified storage, with sand, shovel, child care and other oil pan to prevent leakage caused by
chemical contamination .
In terms of solid waste prevention: first, construction and garbage should be concentrated into a
garbage tank, respectively, adequate coverage and timely removal; and second, the waste generated
by carpentry work should be timely recovery of removal; and thirdly, electric welding scrap and
waste Packaging materials should be collected, unified treatment; fourth, the scene of metal scrap
should be collected into the pool. Effectively reduce light pollution: a reasonable preparation of
construction work planned; try to choose lower-power lighting; lighting plus set shade, light
direction concentrated in the construction area, the irradiation direction away from the residents;
and take measures to block the welding work, welding arc avoid leakage.

Conclusion
In short, with the improvement of the quality of citizens civilization, environmental awareness is
enhanced, citizens in the face of building construction pollution problems, the performance of more
and more tough. Construction companies due to construction accidents disputes and increasing pay
compensation to the enterprise also caused some damage. "Sustainable development and
environmental protection" is the theme of our times, construction companies only fully aware of
this point, to take the necessary measures to actively eliminate and reduce pollution during
construction, will inevitably win-win results.

References
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 International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2015)

[2] YuPing Li Construction environmental analysis and Green Construction Management Method [j]
Science and Technology Innovation Herald .2010 (35): 315-317. Measures
[3]ChaoYuan Luo Measures to eliminate the construction of environmental pollution and safety
issues [j]Towns Construction .2009 (04): 211-213
[4] Yue Lin Niu, FengPing Luo etc. On the construction site of the Environmental Pollution and
Control Measures [j] Resources Environment & Engineering .2006,20 (03): 114-116

© 2015. The authors - Published by Atlantis Press 1397