Assembly of Screwed Fastenings

Preloads and tightening torque for fasteners of steel

Preloads and tightening torque for steel shank screws with head contact area sizes like DIN 912, 931, 933, 934, ISO 4762, 4014, 4017, 4032 ...*

The following are taken into account in table values for MA:
a) )ULFWLRQFRHIILFLHQWȝtotal = 0.14*
b) Utilisation of the minimum yield strength = 90%
c) Torsion torque when tightening
 7KHIULFWLRQFRHIILFLHQWRIȝtotal = 0.14 is generally assumed for screws and nuts in standard commercial deliveries)

Additional lubrication of the thread considerably changes the friction coefficient and brings about unspecified tightening ratios!
Tightening methods and tools have different spreads (Æ Tab. 1 / VDI 2230-1, Tab. A8).
All figures are non-binding typical values.

7DEOH&RDUVHWKUHDGIULFWLRQFRHIILFLHQWȝtotal = 0.14
Stress
Dimension Preloads FV (kN) for property class Tightening torque MA (Nm) for property class
area As
Thread Ø Pitch (mm2) 4.6 5.6 8.8 10.9 12.9 4.6 5.6 8.8 10.9 12.9
M4 0.7 8.78 1.28 1.71 4.30 6.30 7.40 1.02 1.37 3.3 4.8 5.6
M5 0.8 14.2 2.10 2.79 7.00 10.3 12.0 2 2.7 6.5 9.5 11.2
M6 1.0 20.1 2.96 3.94 9.90 14.5 17.0 3.5 4.6 11.3 16.5 19.3
M8 1.25 36.6 5.42 7.23 18.1 26.6 31.1 8.4 11 27.3 10.1 46.9
M10 1.5 58.0 8.64 11.5 28.8 42.2 49.4 17 22 54 79 93
M12 1.75 84.3 12.6 16.8 41.9 61.5 72 29 39 93 137 160
M14 2.0 115 17.3 23.1 57.5 84.4 98.8 46 65 148 218 255
M16 2.0 157 23.8 31.7 78.8 115.7 135.4 71 95 230 338 395
M18 2.5 193 28.9 38.6 99.0 141 165 97 130 329 469 549
M20 2.5 245 37.2 49.6 127 181 212 138 184 464 664 773
M22 2.5 303 46.5 62.0 158 225 264 186 250 634 904 1057
M24 3.0 353 53.6 71.4 183 260 305 235 315 798 1136 1329
M27 3.0 459 70.6 94.1 240 342 400 350 470 1176 1674 1959
M30 3.5 561 85.7 114 292 416 487 475 635 1597 2274 2662
M33 3.5 694 107 142 363 517 605 645 865 2161 3078 3601
M36 4.0 817 125 167 427 608 700 1080 1440 2778 3957 4631
M39 4.0 976 151 201 512 729 853 1330 1780 3597 5123 5994
M42 4.5 1117 212 265 584 832 974 1605 2006 4413 6285 7354
M45 4.5 1302 249 311 684 974 1140 2005 2506 5512 7851 9187
M48 5.0 1468 280 350 770 1096 1283 2424 3030 6667 9495 11112
M52 5.0 1753 335 419 922 1314 1537 3116 3896 8570 12206 14284
M56 5.5 2024 387 484 1064 1516 1774 3883 4854 10678 15208 17797
M60 5.5 2356 452 565 1242 1770 2071 4818 6022 13249 18870 22082
M64 6.0 2669 511 639 1406 2003 2344 5802 7252 15955 22724 26592
M68 6.0 3047 585 732 1610 2293 2683 7012 8765 19282 27462 32137
M72 6.0 3451 665 831 1828 2603 3046 8379 10474 23043 32819 38405
M76 6.0 3881 749 936 2059 2933 3432 9903 12378 27232 38785 45387
M80 6.0 4335 838 1047 2304 3282 3840 11610 14514 31930 45476 53216
M90 6.0 5580 1083 1353 2977 4240 4962 16796 20995 46188 65783 76980
M100 6.0 6983 1359 1698 3736 5322 6227 23381 29226 64297 91574 107161

7DEOH)LQHSLWFKWKUHDGIULFWLRQFRHIILFLHQWȝtotal = 0.14
Stress
Dimension Preloads FV (kN) for property class Tightening torque MA (Nm) for property class
area As
Thread Ø Pitch (mm2) 8.8 10.9 12.9 8.8 10.9 12.9
M8 1.0 39.2 19.7 28.9 33.9 29.2 42.8 50.1
M10 1.25 61.2 30.8 45.2 52.9 57 83 98
M12 1.25 92.1 46.8 68.7 80.4 101 149 174
M12 1.5 88.1 44.3 65.1 76.2 97 143 167
M14 1.5 125 63.2 92.9 109 159 234 274
M16 1.5 167 85.5 126 147 244 359 420
M18 1.5 216 115 163 191 368 523 613
M20 1.5 272 144 206 241 511 728 852
M22 1.5 333 178 253 296 692 985 1153
M24 2.0 384 204 290 339 865 1232 1442
M27 2.0 496 264 37 439 1262 1797 2103
M30 2.0 621 331 472 552 1756 2502 2927
M33 2.0 761 407 580 678 2352 3350 3921
M36 2.0 915 490 698 817 3082 4390 5137
M39 2.0 1082 581 828 969 3953 5631 6589

Table 4 and 5: up to M39 extract from VDI 2230-1, 2003-02, above M39 calculation based on VDI guideline 2230-1, 2003-02

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 Assembly of Screwed Fastenings

Preloads and tightening torque for fasteners of steel

Preloads and tightening torque for countersunk head steel screws with hexagon/hexalobular socket

If, for example, countersunk head screws are tightened according to ISO 10642 (DIN 7991) using the hexagon socket, only preloads amounting to some 80% of
the preloads of the corresponding property class can be applied. This is due to either the torsion strength of the screwdriver or the contact ratio in the hexagon
socket. This also applies when tightening using a nut due to the existing critical stress area between the hexagonal socket and the shank. The same applies for
countersunk head screws with hexalobular socket. For screws with fine pitch thread, the same tightening torque is to be used. Table 6 contains non-binding typical
values for the total friction coefficient μ = 0.14, valid for screws with coarse thread according to DIN 7991 or ISO 10642 in property classes 8.8 and 10.9.

Table 6: Typical values for countersunk heads screws with hexagon / hexalobular socket, friction coefficient ȝtotal = 0.14
Preloads FV (kN) for property class Tightening torque MA (Nm) for property class
Dimension
8.8 10.9 8.8 10.9
M4 3.10 4.40 2.6 3.4
M5 5.10 7.30 5.6 6.7
M6 7.20 10.30 9.6 11.6
M8 13.20 18.90 23 28.3
M10 21.00 30.10 46 56.0
M12 30.70 43.90 81 96.8
M14 42.00 60.30 125 154.0
M16 58.00 82.70 195 239.0
M18 72.80 100.90 275 332.0
M20 93.60 129.40 390 468.0

Preloads and tightening torque for steel shank screws with UNC/UNF threads and head contact area sizes according to ASME B18.2.1, ASME B18.3
and ASME B18.2.2

The following are taken into account in table values for MA:
a) )ULFWLRQFRHIILFLHQWȝtotal = 0.14
b) Utilisation of the minimum yield strength = 90%
c) Torsion torque when tightening

The values in Tables 7 and 8 are to be determined using the VDI guideline 2230-1: 2003-02

Table 7: Typical values for hexagon head screws with UNC threads, friction number ȝtotal = 0.14
Preloads FV (kN) (lbf) for property class Tightening torque MA (Nm) (ft-lbs) for property class
Dimension
Grade 5* Grade 8* Type 2* Type 3* Grade 5* Grade 8* Type 2* Type 3*
Ø M [kN] [lbf] [kN] [lbf] [kN] [lbf] [kN] [lbf] [Nm] [ft-lbs] [Nm] [ft-lbs] [Nm] [ft-lbs] [Nm] [ft-lbs]
1/4 20 10.1 2260 14.2 3194 - - - - 12.1 8.95 17.1 12.6 - - - -
5/16 18 16.7 3764 23.7 5319 - - - - 25.7 18.9 36.3 26.7 - - - -
3/8 16 24.9 5594 35.2 7094 - - - - 44.6 32.9 63.0 46.4 - - - -
7/16 14 34.2 7684 48.3 10858 - - - - 70.9 52.3 100 73.9 - - - -
1/2 13 45.8 10300 64.7 14554 45.8 10300 45.8 10300 109 80.3 154 114 109 80.3 109 80.3
5/8 11 73.2 16464 103 23265 73.2 16464 73.2 16464 213 157 301 222 213 157 213 157
3/4 10 109 24485 154 34599 109 24485 109 24485 383 283 541 399 383 283 383 283
7/8 9 151 33891 213 47889 151 33891 151 33891 614 453 868 640 614 453 614 453
1 8 198 44499 280 62879 198 44499 198 44499 922 680 1303 961 922 680 922 680
1 1/8 7 219 49326 252 79166 - - 219 49326 1153 850 1850 1364 - - 1153 850
1 1/4 7 280 62934 449 101005 - - 280 62934 1618 1194 2597 1916 - - 1618 1194
1 3/8 6 333 74796 534 120043 - - 333 74796 2121 1565 3405 2511 - - 2121 1565
1 1/2 6 406 91358 652 146624 - - 406 91358 2806 2070 4504 3322 - - 2806 2070

7DEOH7\SLFDOYDOXHVIRUKH[DJRQKHDGVFUHZVZLWK81)WKUHDGVIULFWLRQQXPEHUȝ total = 0.14

Preloads FV (kN) (lbf) for property class Tightening torque MA (Nm) (ft-lbs) for property class
Dimension
Grade 5* Grade 8* Type 2* Type 3* Grade 5* Grade 8* Type 2* Type 3*
Ø M [kN] [lbf] [kN] [lbf] [kN] [lbf] [kN] [lbf] [Nm] [ft-lbs] [Nm] [ft-lbs] [Nm] [ft-lbs] [Nm] [ft-lbs]
1/4 28 11.8 2653 16.7 3749 - - - - 13.8 10.2 19.5 14.4 - - - -
5/16 24 18.9 4252 26.7 6008 - - - - 28.3 20.9 40.0 29.5 - - - -
3/8 24 28.9 6486 40.8 9165 - - - - 50.0 36.9 70.7 52.2 - - - -
7/16 20 39.0 8758 55.0 12375 - - - - 78.6 57.9 111 81.9 - - - -
1/2 20 52.8 11861 74.6 16760 52.8 11861 52.8 11861 122 89.7 172 127 122 89.7 122 89.7
5/8 18 84.7 19050 120 26918 84.7 19050 84.7 19050 239 176 337 249 239 176 239 176
3/4 16 124 27814 175 39302 124 27814 124 27814 423 312 597 441 423 312 423 312
* Grade 5 (~8.8) and Grade 8 (~10.9) according to SAE J429, Type 2 and Type 3 (~8.8) according to ASTM A325.

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Full_Catalogue_amd140214.indd 104 14/02/2014 11:25:41 AM

 Assembly of Screwed Fastenings
Preloads and tightening torques of screwed fastenings from steel with locking elements
Table 9: Typical values for preloads FV and tightening torques for screws and nuts with lock ribs under the flange
Property class 100/10
Material of screwed part M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M14x1.5 M16
Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm]
Steel R < 800 MPa 11 19 42 85 130 250 330
Steel Rm •03D 9000 10 12600 18 23200 37 37000 80 54000 120 74000 240 102000 310
Malleable cast iron 9 16 35 75 115 230 300

Table 10: Typical values for preloads FV and tightening torques FV for hexagon socket cap screws with lock ribs under the flange
Property class 100/10
Material of screwed part M5 M6 M8 M10 M12
Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm]
Steel R < 800 MPa 13 24 45 90 150
Steel Rm •03D 9000 11 12600 20 23200 42 37000 85 54000 140
Malleable cast iron 10 19 39 80 120

Table 11: Typical values for preloads and tightening torques of locking screws and nuts
Property class 100/10 Property class 100/10
Material of screwed part M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M16
Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm] Fv[N] MA[Nm]
Steel 9 16 34 58 120 280
6350 9000 16500 26200 54000 102000
Malleable cast iron 7 13 28 49 105 260

Table 12: Typical values for tightening torque and pre-stressing forces of screwed fastenings with NORD-LOCK washers
NL washers Preloads FV (kN) for property class Tightening torque MA (Nm) for property class
for threads 8.8 1) 10.9 2) 12.9 3) A4-70 4) A4-80 4) 8.8 1) 10.9 2) 12.9 3) A4-70 4) A4-80 4)
M4 3.5 5.9 7.1 2.6 3.4 3.1 4.1 4.6 2.0 2.7
M5 5.6 9.6 11.5 4.1 5.5 6 8.1 9.1 3.9 5.3
M6 8.0 13.6 16.3 5.9 7.8 10.2 14.1 15.8 6.9 9.2
M8 15 25 30 11 14 25 34 38 17 22
M10 23 39 47 17 23 50 67 75 33 43
M12 33 57 68 25 33 85 115 128 56 75
M14 46 78 94 34 45 136 183 204 89 119
M16 62 106 127 46 61 208 279 311 136 181
M18 76 130 156 56 75 291 391 437 191 254
M20 97 165 198 72 95 408 547 610 267 356
M22 120 205 246 89 118 557 745 831 364 485
M24 140 238 286 103 137 703 942 1052 460 613
M27 182 310 372 134 179 1028 1375 1533 671 895
M30 222 378 454 164 219 1401 1875 2091 915 1220
M33 275 468 562 - - 1889 2526 2815 - -
M36 324 551 662 239 319 2436 3259 3633 1591 2121
M39 387 659 790 - - 3145 4203 4683 - -
M42 445 757 908 - - 3890 5202 5799 - -
Source: www.norlock.com

1) Screws zinc plated, dry, thread friction μG = 0.15, friction coefficient of the lock washer μW = 0.18, utilisation of the minimum yield strength = 62%
2) Screw uncoated, oiled, thread friction μG = 0.13, friction coefficient of the lock washer μW = 0.14, utilisation of the minimum yield strength = 71%
3) Screw uncoated, oiled, thread friction μG = 0.13, friction coefficient of the lock washer μW = 0.12, utilisation of the minimum yield strength = 71%
4) Screw lubricated with graphite paste, thread friction μG = 0.14, friction coefficient of the lock washer μW = 0.15, utilisation of the minimum yield strength = 65%

Table 13: typical values for tightening torques of screwed fastenings with lock washers
Property Tightening torque MA in Nm
Class Screws M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M14 M16 M18 M20 M22 M24 M27 M30
5.8 2.0 4.0 7.0 16.5 32 57 - - - - - - - -
8.8 3.3 6.7 11.5 27 54 92 145 225 320 460 620 790 1160 1550
10.9 4.9 9.8 16.5 40 79 135 215 330 460 650 890 1120 1650 2250
10.9 - - 16.5 40 79 135 - - - - - - - -
12.9 - - 19.5 47 92 158 - - - - - - - -
Source: www.teckentrup.de

Typical values for tightening torques of screwed fastenings with SCHNORR washers
As a typical value, 10% should be added to normal tightening torque, MA according to TD-xxx, Table 4 and 5.

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 Assembly of Screwed Fastenings

High ± strength structural bolting ± System HV

Unlike, for example, the machinery directive or the pressure equipment directive, the EU directive on construction products 89/106/EWG does not determine any
specifications for structures as a whole, but for individual construction products.

In terms of the directive, construction products include all those products which are manufactured in order to be permanently integrated into structures of buildings
and ground works. Also fasteners are affected.

The following changes were made in the area of standardisation:

Property class /
Standard Contents Dimension Replaced By
hardness

DIN 6914 Hexagon bolts with large wrench size M12 – M36 10.9 EN 14399 - 4

EN 14399 - 4
DIN 6915 Hexagon nuts with large wrench size M12 – M36 10

DIN 6916 Round washers 13 - 37 295 – 350 HV EN 14399 – 6

DIN 6917 Washer, square, wedge-shaped (for 1 profiles) 13 - 37 295 – 350 HV remain valid

DIN 6918 Washer, square, wedge-shaped (for U profiles) 13 - 37 295 – 350 HV remain valid

DIN 7999 Hexagon fit bolts with large wrench size M12 – M30 10.9 EN 14399 – 8

DIN 18800 – 1 design and construction EN 1993 –1-8*

DIN 18800 – 7 Execution an constructor’s qualification EN 1090–2*

Includes products with U symbol (German

Building rules list A
quality approval)
Includes products with CE symbol (European
Building rules list B
quality approval)
* not yet established in relation to building in Germany, DIN 18800 shall apply until further notice.

Since September 2007, products according to DIN 6914, DIN 6915 and DIN 6916 may no longer be manufactured.
Stocks of these products may continue to be delivered and used without limitation in accordance with Building Rules List B and DIN 18800 – 7.

The newly standardised HR system in DIN EN 14399 – 3 is not yet established in relation to German building law and may not be used for this reason.
Alongside property class 10.9/10, this system also uses property class 8.8/8 and a different thread length identical to ISO 888. Furthermore, the system has a
different failure principle. Unlike the HV system, which reacts upon stripping the nuts, the screw breaks in the freely loaded thread after ductile expansion in the
HR system.

The DAST guideline 021 for bolted fastenings from hot dip galvanized assemblies of sizes M39 to M64 according to DIN 6914, DIN 6915, DIN 6916 has been
valid since 2007. These products are to be identified with the U symbol.

In DIN 18800-7 (525-Note 1), the thread tolerance for hot dip galvanized nuts (system HV) is determined uniformly with 6 AZ (higher limit deviation for the thread)
so that the additional “U” identification required by ISO 10684 is no longer necessary.

All HV assemblies supplied by REYHER have batch IDs so that certificate 3.1 in accordance with DIN 18800-7 (527) is no longer required.

Significant changes:
In the EN 14399 standard series, the values for impact testing KV min = 27 J are no longer to be carried out at room temperature, but at -20°C. This promises
good ductility even at low application temperatures.

For uncoated HV assemblies, the changed tightening torques according to DIN 18800-7 are to be taken into account. Since the introduction of EN 41399-4, these
are identical to those of the hot dip galvanized assemblies.

In the new EU standard, the clamping length between the supporting surface of the screw head and the nut is measured (previously it was determined between
the two HV washers). The new clamping table from EN 14399 – 4 is to be taken into account.

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 Assembly of Screwed Fastenings
High-strength structural bolting ± System HV

Table 14: Preloads and tightening torques for torque control, impact turn, angle torqueing and combined preloading methods for high-strength
structural bolting assemblies (system HV) of the property class 10.9 according to DIN 18800-7 or the DAST guideline 021.

Torque Method Impact Turn Method Angle Torqueing Method Combined Preloading Method

Tightening torque MA to be Preload FV.DI* to be set in

Nominal Preliminary tightening Preliminary tightening torque
Dimension applied in order to achieve order to achieve nominal
Preload FV torque MVZ.DW* MVA.KV
nominal preload FV preload FV
kN Nm kN Nm Nm
Surface condition: hot dip galvanized, nut lubricated with MoS2
Black assembly, nut lubricated with MoS2
M12 50 100 60 10 75
M16 100 250 110 50 190
M20 160 450 175 50 340
M22 190 650 210 100 490
M24 220 800 240 100 600
M27 290 1250 320 200 940
M30 350 1650 390 200 1240
M36 510 2800 560 200 2100
M39 610 3500**
M42 710 4500**
M45 820 5500**
According to factory standards / on request
M48 930 6500**
M56 1280 10000**
M64 1680 15000**
* Independent of the lubrication of the thread and the supporting surface of nut and screw
** Only applies to hot dip galvanized surface condition.

Table 15: Further rotation angle or rotation factor V for the combined preloading method for bolt and nut assemblies of property class 10.9
Total nominal thickness Lk of the components to
be connected (including all lining plates and flat Further rotation angle Further rotation factor V
washers)
Lk< 2d 45 1/8
ʹ†ζk< 6d 60 1/6
͸†ζk< 10d 90 1/4
10d <Lk No recommendation No recommendation

Table 16: Inspection of the preloading for nominal preloads**

Further rotation angle Evaluation Measure

< 30° Preloading was sufficient None

30° to 60° Preloading was sufficient to limited extent Leave assembly alone and inspect two adjacent joint in the same flange
> 60° Preloading was sufficient Change* assembly and inspect two adjacent joint in the same flange
* These inspected fasteners can only be left in the construction with predominantly statically stressed SLV or SLVP joints without any additional tensile stress.
** The inspection of the prestressing force is to be done on the screws in the joint according to DIN 18800-7.

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 Assembly of Screwed Fastenings

Preloads and tightening torques for fasteners from stainless steel

For fasteners from stainless steel, the friction coefficients in the thread and on the contact surfaces are much higher than with quenched and tempered steel screws.
Even the spread of the friction coefficients is much higher here (up to and over 100%). To finally determine the correct torque it isrecommended that testing should be
carried out under operating conditions.

While it is possible to reduce friction coefficients by using lubricating agents, the very high spread will remain.

The table lists non-binding typical values for various friction coefficients, valid for screws and nuts according to DIN 912, 931, 933 and 934 / ISO 4762, 4014, 4017,
4032 made from stainless steels A1–A5, in property classes –50, –70 and –80 at room temperature (approx. +20°C) andutilisation of the minimum yield stress of 90%.

The tightening torques listed in Table 17 may only be used as very rough and non-binding typical values.

Table 17
Prop. Assembly preload in kN for μtotal Tightening torque in Nm for μtotal
Ø Class
0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.30 0.40
50 1.47 1.48 1.39 1.35 1.31 1.26 1.07 0.91 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.8
M4 70 3.14 2.71 2.97 2.89 2.80 2.71 2.30 1.95 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.4 3.8
80 4.19 4.08 3.96 3.85 3.73 3.61 3.06 2.61 2.1 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.7 4.6 5.1
50 2.39 2.33 2.27 2.20 2.14 2.07 1.76 1.50 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 3.2 3.6
M5 70 5.13 5.00 4.86 4.72 4.58 4.44 3.77 3.21 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.9 5.2 5.6 6.8 7.6
80 6.84 6.66 6.48 6.29 6.10 5.91 5.02 4.28 4.7 5.4 5.9 6.5 7.0 7.4 9.1 10.2
50 3.39 3.30 3.21 3.11 3.02 2.93 2.48 2.11 2.9 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 5.5 6.2
M6 70 7.26 7.07 6.87 6.67 6.47 6.27 5.32 4.53 6.2 7.0 7.7 8.4 9.1 9.7 11.9 13.2
80 9.68 9.43 9.13 8.90 8.63 8.36 7.09 6.04 8.2 9.3 10.3 11.3 12.1 12.9 15.8 17.7
50 6.21 6.05 5.88 5.72 5.54 5.37 4.57 3.89 7.0 7.9 8.8 9.6 10.3 11.0 13.6 15.2
M8 70 13.30 12.96 12.61 12.25 11.88 11.51 9.79 8.34 15.0 17.0 18.8 20.6 22.2 23.6 29.1 32.5
80 17.74 17.29 16.81 16.33 15.84 15.35 13.05 11.11 19.9 22.6 25.1 27.4 29.5 31.5 38.8 43.4
50 9.87 9.62 9.37 9.10 8.83 8.56 7.28 6.20 13.8 15.7 17.4 19.0 20.5 21.8 27.0 30.2
M10 70 21.16 20.63 17.40 19.50 18.92 18.34 15.60 13.29 29.5 33.5 37.3 41.7 41.9 46.8 57.8 67.7
80 28.21 27.50 26.76 25.99 25.22 24.45 20.79 17.72 39.4 44.7 49.7 54.3 58.5 62.4 77.1 86.2
50 14.38 14.03 13.65 13.27 12.87 12.48 10.62 9.05 23.8 27.1 3.1 32.9 3.4 37.8 46.8 52.3
M12 70 30.83 30.06 29.26 28.43 28.59 26.75 22.76 19.40 51 58 64.5 70.5 76 81 100.2 112.1
80 41.10 40.08 39.01 37.90 36.78 35.66 30.35 25.87 68 77.53 85.9 93.9 101 108 133.6 149.5
50 19.74 19.25 18.74 18.21 17.68 17.14 14.59 12.44 37.8 43 47.9 52.4 56.5 60.2 74.6 83.5
M14 70 42.31 41.26 40.16 39.03 37.88 36.73 31.27 26.65 81.1 92.2 103 112 121 129 160 179
80 56.41 55.01 53.54 52.04 50.50 48.97 41.69 35.54 108 123 137 150 161 172 212 238.5
50 27.04 26.39 25.71 25.01 24.29 23.56 20.10 17.16 58.2 66.5 74.2 81.4 87.9 94 117 131
M16 70 57.94 56.55 55.09 53.58 52.04 50.49 43.08 36.77 125 143 159 174 188 201 251 282
80 77.25 74.40 73.46 71.44 69.39 67.33 57.44 49.03 166 190 212 233 251 269 334 375
50 33.01 32.20 31.35 30.47 29.58 28.68 24.43 20.83 81.3 92.6 103 113 122 130 161 180
M18 70 70.73 69.00 67.17 65.29 63.38 61.46 52.34 44.64 174 198 221 242 261 278 345 387
80 94.31 92.00 89.56 87.05 84.51 81.95 69.79 59.52 232 265 295 322 348 371 460 515
50 42.27 41.26 40.20 39.10 37.79 36.84 31.34 26.83 144 130 146 160 173 184 230 258
M20 70 90.58 88.40 86.14 83.78 81.37 78.95 67.35 57.49 245 280 312 342 370 395 492 552
80 120.8 117.9 114.9 111.7 108.5 105.3 89.8 76.7 326 373 416 456 493 527 565 736
50 52.67 51.45 50.15 48.80 47.42 46.02 39.32 33.59 156 178 200 219 237 254 318 257
M22
70 112.87 110.24 107.46 104.56 101.61 98.60 84.25 ~ 334 382 428 470 508 544 680 ~
50 60.88 59.43 57.90 56.30 54.69 53.01 45.27 38.64 197 225 251 275 297 318 396 444
M24
70 130.5 127.4 124.1 120.7 117.2 113.7 97 ~ 421 482 537 589 637 680 848 ~
50 79.86 78.02 76.05 74.04 71.93 69.82 59.67 50.98 289 332 371 408 442 473 591 666
M27
70 171 167 163 159 154 150 128 ~ 620 711 79 873 946 1013 1267 ~
50 97.23 94.96 92.54 90.04 87.48 84.90 72.80 67.90 394 451 504 553 599 640 800 900
M30
70 208 203 198 193 187 182 155 ~ 844 966 1080 1186 1283 1373 1715 ~
M33 50 121 118 115 112 109 106 90 77 531 610 683 751 813 871 1092 1230
M36 50 142 139 135 132 128 124 106 91 684 784 876 954 1044 1117 1398 1573
M39 50 170 166 162 158 154 149 128 109 883 1014 1137 1250 1355 1452 1822 2054

The prevailing torque type hexagon nuts from stainless steel sometimes tend to jam in the locking element due to the high thread flank
pressure when inserting the screw thread. Here, treating the screwthread with an anti-friction agent usually helps. Accordingly, the
changed friction coefficients are to betaken into account when assembly the screwed fastening.

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 Assembly of Screwed Fastenings
Tightening torque for fasteners made from brass, polyamide and heat-resisting steel (1.7709)

Preloads and tightening torque for fasteners made from brass

For fasteners made from brass, the friction coefficients in the thread and on the contact surfaces are much higher than with quenched and tempered steel screws. In
order to determine the correct torque, it is recommended that experiments should be carried out under operating conditions.It is possible to reduce friction coefficients
by using lubricating agents.

Table 18 lists non-binding typical values for various friction coefficients, valid for screws and nuts according to DIN 912, 931, 933 and 934 / ISO 4762, 4014, 4017, 4032
made from brass with a minimum stress at 0.2% non-proportional elongation of 250 N/mm² (e.g. MS 58 and MS 63) andutilisation of the yield stress of 90%.

The tightening torques listed in the table may only be used as very rough and non-binding typical values.

Table 18
Assembly preload in kN for μtotal Tightening torque in Nm for μtotal
Ø
0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.25 0.30
M4 1.75 1.70 1.65 1.60 1.55 1.51 1.65 1.28 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.9
M5 2.85 2.78 2.70 2.62 2.54 2.46 2.7 2.09 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 2.5 3.8
M6 4.03 3.93 3.82 3.71 3.59 3.48 3.82 2.96 3.4 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.0 5.4 4.6 6.6
M8 7.39 7.20 7.01 6.84 6.60 6.40 7.01 5.44 8.3 9.4 10.5 11.4 12.3 13.1 10.5 16.2
M10 11.75 11.46 11.15 10.83 10.51 10.19 11.15 8.66 16.4 18.6 20.7 22.6 24.4 26.0 20.7 32.1
M12 17.13 16.70 16.25 15.79 15.33 14.86 16.25 12.64 28.3 32.2 35.8 39.1 42.2 45.0 35.8 55.7
M14 23.50 22.92 22.31 21.68 21.04 20.40 22.31 17.37 45.0 51.2 57.0 62.3 67.2 71.7 57 88.8
M16 32.19 31.42 30.61 29.77 28.91 28.05 30.61 23.93 69.3 79.2 88.4 96.9 105 112 88.4 139
M18 39.30 38.33 37.32 36.27 35.21 34.15 37.32 29.08 96.8 110 123 134 145 155 122.7 192
M20 50.32 49.12 47.86 46.54 45.21 43.86 47.86 37.42 136 155 173 190 205 219 173.3 273
M22 62.71 61.25 59.70 58.09 56.45 54.79 59.7 46.81 185 212 238 261 282 302 237.6 378
M24 72.48 70.75 68.93 67.04 65.11 63.17 68.93 53.89 234 268 299 327 354 378 298.5 471
M27 95.07 92.88 90.54 88.11 85.63 83.12 90.54 71.03 344 395 442 485 526 563 441.9 7.4
M30 116 113 110 107 104 101 110.17 86.31 469 537 600 659 713 762 600.1 953
M33 144 141 137 133 130 126 137.1 108 632 726 813 894 968 1036 812.7 1300
M36 169 165 161 157 152 148 161.1 126 814 934 1045 1148 1243 1330 1044.6 1664
M39 203 198 193 188 183 178 193.25 152 1051 1207 1353 1488 1613 1728 1353.1 2169

Tightening torques for polyamide screws and nuts

Table 19 includes non-binding typical values for appropriate tightening torques for screws and nuts made from polyamide 6.6 at 20°C after storage in a normal climate.

The preload can ease off somewhat as a result of relaxation processes.

Table 19
Ø Tightening torque in Nm
M3 0.1
M4 0.25
M5 0.5
M6 0.8
M8 1.8
M10 3.5
M12 6.0
M16 12

Tightening torques for bolts with waisted shank made from steel 21CrMoV5-7 (1.7709)
Table 20 includes non-binding typical values for appropriate tightening torques for bolts according to DIN 2510 made from steel 21CrMoV5-7 +QT (1.7709) and an yield
stress utilisation of 70%.

Table 20
Thread M12 M16 M20 M24 M27
Shank Ø 8.5 12 15 18 20.5
μtotal 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.12
FV [kN] 21.6 21.6 43.5 43.5 67.8 67.8 97.8 97.8 126.5 126.5
MA [Nm] 38 44 98 115 190 220 320 370 465 545

Thread M30 M33 M36 M39 M42

Shank Ø 23 25.5 27.5 30.5 32.5
μtotal 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.12
FV [kN] 160 160 196.5 196.5 228.5 228.5 281 281 319 319
MA [Nm] 650 770 870 1000 1100 1300 1450 1750 1800 2100

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