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Tutorial Sheet - 1 (Planar Optical Waveguides) : PYL-791 (Fiber Optics), Ist Semester 2020-2021

This document contains a tutorial on planar optical waveguides with 7 questions. It discusses topics like the number of TE modes supported based on wavelength and waveguide dimensions, field distributions, penetration depth, effective indices, and ray propagation in planar waveguides. Sample problems are provided for symmetric and diffused waveguides to calculate quantities like penetration depth, propagation angle, effective index, field amplitudes, and mode excitation from a plane wave. Diagrams illustrate the waveguide structures and ray propagation.

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97 views

Tutorial Sheet - 1 (Planar Optical Waveguides) : PYL-791 (Fiber Optics), Ist Semester 2020-2021

This document contains a tutorial on planar optical waveguides with 7 questions. It discusses topics like the number of TE modes supported based on wavelength and waveguide dimensions, field distributions, penetration depth, effective indices, and ray propagation in planar waveguides. Sample problems are provided for symmetric and diffused waveguides to calculate quantities like penetration depth, propagation angle, effective index, field amplitudes, and mode excitation from a plane wave. Diagrams illustrate the waveguide structures and ray propagation.

Uploaded by

deepanshu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PYL-791 (Fiber Optics), Ist Semester 2020-2021

Tutorial Sheet -1(Planar Optical Waveguides)

1. Consider a planar wave-guide (Fig.1), with n1 = 1.45, n2 = 1.44, a = 2 μ m.


(i) Obtain the wavelength range for which the waveguide will support only two TE
modes.
(ii) How many TE modes are supported by the wave-guide at λ = 1.0 μ m?
[Ans: (i) 0.68 μ m ≤ λ ≤ 1.38 μ m, (ii) Two]

2. Write down the expression for the electric field distribution for the fundamental TE0
mode of a symmetric planar optical waveguide. If, for the waveguide given in the above
question, at λ = 1.0 μ m, the field amplitude of the TE0 mode at x = 0 and x = 2 μ m is 1
and 0.494 respectively, then obtain the
(i) Field amplitude at x = 4 μ m
(ii) Normalized propagation constant and the mode effective-index.
[ Ans: (i) 0.077 (ii) 0.76]

3. Consider a symmetric planar waveguide with n1 = 1.50, n2 = 1.496, at λ = 1.0 μ m with


the fundamental TE mode having an effective index as 1.498.

(i) Calculate the penetration depth 1/ γ in the cladding


(ii) Obtain the angle at which the rays representing the mode are travelling in the
waveguide,
(iii) Calculate the width of the waveguide. [ Ans: 2.06 μ m , 2.960, ≈ 3.2 μ m ]

4. A single mode waveguide (SMW) is spliced to a few mode waveguide (FMW) (Fig.2)
whose V-parameter is slightly more than 2π . If an unpolarised light is coupled at the
input of the SMW, which TE/TM modes will be excited and why?
[ Ans: First five TE & TM modes]

5. Obtain the amplitude of the electric field of the TE0 mode of a symmetric planar optical
waveguide if normalized such that
∞
∫
2
(i) E ( y ) dx = 1 (ii) power carried by the mode per unit length in the y –
−∞

2 ω μ0
direction is unity. Ans: (i) (a + 1/ γ ) −1/ 2 (ii)
β (a + 1/ γ )

6. A plane EM wave is incident at the input end of a symmetric planar optical waveguide. If
its electric field is described by, Φ = exp {i (ω t − κ z )} , κ being the free space wave
vector, obtain the amplitude of the TE0 mode so excited in the waveguide. You may
2V
neglect the reflection from the input end. Ans:
κ a (1 + γ a )

7. A planar diffused waveguide is described by n( x) = 1.45(1 − 0.001x 2 ) , where x is the


distance in μm from the horizontal surface of the substrate. If a ray is incident from the
side at a depth of x0 μm horizontally (Fig.3), draw the ray path schematically. Obtain the
angle at which the ray will hit the top surface and show that the ray will always be guided
along the interface. If x0 = 2 μm calculate the effective index of the corresponding guided
mode.
Ans: Angle with the surface = cos −1 (1 − 0.001x02 ) , neff = 1.4442

x n2 FMW
SMW
2a
z z
n1

Fig. 1 Fig. 2

Air

x0
n( x) = 1.45(1 − 0.001x 2 ) Fig. 3

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