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Cotton: Impurities Present in Impurities Present in Impurities Present in Impurities Present in

The document discusses the process of desizing textiles. It describes different methods used for desizing including hydrolytic desizing using acids or enzymes. Hydrolytic desizing involves degradation of starch present as a size on warp threads through hydrolysis. This breaks down the starch from insoluble to soluble forms so it can be removed by washing. Key parameters that impact desizing efficiency are also discussed such as temperature, pH, and enzyme characteristics. Common enzymes used for enzymatic desizing of textiles are also listed.

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54 views

Cotton: Impurities Present in Impurities Present in Impurities Present in Impurities Present in

The document discusses the process of desizing textiles. It describes different methods used for desizing including hydrolytic desizing using acids or enzymes. Hydrolytic desizing involves degradation of starch present as a size on warp threads through hydrolysis. This breaks down the starch from insoluble to soluble forms so it can be removed by washing. Key parameters that impact desizing efficiency are also discussed such as temperature, pH, and enzyme characteristics. Common enzymes used for enzymatic desizing of textiles are also listed.

Uploaded by

venkateswarlu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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•SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS IN TCP

•Impurities present in Cotton


•Impurities present in Wool.
•Impurities present in Silk.
•Impurities present in Synthetic Fibers.
SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS IN TCP

DESIZING
SINGEING

• SCOURING

BLEACHING

MERCERISATION

DYEING/PRINTING

FINISHING
Desizing is the process of removal of size material applied on
warp threads of a fabric to facilitate the process of weaving.
Size forms a to
enable them to withstand the cyclic tensions during weaving
and reduce breakage.

Removal of impurities

In general the impurities from textile substrates can be


removed by following processes:
• In case the size is not soluble, it is removed by either hydrolysis or
oxidation. Hydrolysis or oxidation results in lowering of molecular
weight of starch, which results in improved solubility of degraded starch.
Following parameters play an important part in determining the
efficiency of any desizing or other pretreatment process:

Important parameters
HYDROLYTIC DESIZING

Mechanism of hydrolytic desizing

Starch consists of both amylose and branched amylopectin


which are poly -α-glucopyranose. Initial starch degradation
product is insoluble dextrin, which on further hydrolysis is
converted to soluble dextrin and finally glucose.
Hydrolytic Desizing Methods

ROT STEEPING-
Steeping in water at 30-40C, starch swells
h is attacked by enzymes secreted by microorganisms in environment

Low capital investment


Slow, low reproducibility, risk of cellulose being attacked
Rot steeping has become obsolete because of poor process control and slowness of the process.

ACID DESIZING:

The 1-4 linkage can be broken by acid hydrolysis also. Mineral acids are used.
H 2SO 4/HCl- (5-10 gpl) is needed at 40C for 3-4 hours.
Above 40 C & 10 gpl acid concentration, degradation of cotton cellulose itself may occur.
The fabric is padded with acid solution and stored (batched).
Action of acid will result in gradual degradation of starch. But not all starch is degraded to the extent
where it all becomes water soluble.
Hence the action of acid will result in fabric having a range of starch molecular weights. Some with
high water solubility, some with medium and some with poor or no solubility.
Hence desizing should always be followed with hot water washing to remove maximum amount of
starch.
Precaution - Local drying during storage should not be allowed to take place at any cost. It may result
in high concentrations of acid at localized places which can cause cellulos degradation
Aquazym® PS

85-115

5.5-6.5

+++

NR

+/-

Aquazym® SD

20-85

5.5-6.5

+++

NR

+/-
ENZYMATIC DESIZING:

Enzymes are:
Organic biocatalyst, highly specific in reaction catalyzed and choice of
reactants/substrate and hence safe to the substrate
Physically---- colloidal in nature
High molecular weight proteins (3-D)
Work under specific conditions of temperature and pH hence better process
control is needed
Lose activity gradually with time
Generally act under mild conditions
Have to be cultivated and nurtured like crops (from fungi)
Genetic engineering allows enzymes to be designed for specific processes
Enzyme Sources For Desizing :

Vegetable, bacterial, Animal


(Diastase, Rapidase, Amylase etc.)

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