JSS Science and Technology University

JSS Technical Institution Campus

Mysore-570006

Department of Information Science and Technology

With the guidance of
Dr. S P Shiva Prakash

Presented by:
Praveen Kumar A
01JST17IS408
IoT based Smart Home Automation Systemusing Sensor
Node

ABSTRACT
In recent years, the advancements in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are mainly
focused on the Internet of Things (IoT). In a real-world scenario, IoT based services improve the
domestic environment and are used in various applications. Home automation based IoT is versatile
and popular applications. In home automation, all home appliances are networked together and able to
operate without human involvement. Home automation gives a significant change in human’s life
which gives smart operating of home appliances. This motivated us to develop a new solution which
controls some home appliances like light, fan, door cartons, energy consumption, and level of the Gas
cylinder using various sensors like LM35, IR sensors, LDR module, Node MCU ESP8266, and
Arduino UNO. The proposed solution uses the sensor and detects the presence or absence of a human
object in the housework accordingly. Our solution also provides information about the energy
consumed by the house owner regularly in the form of message. Also, it checks, the level of gas in the
gas cylinder if it reaches lesser than the threshold, it automatically books the gas and sends a reference
number as a message to the house owner. The proposed solution is deployed and tested for various
conditions. Finally, in this paper, the working model of our proposed solution is developed as a
prototype and explained as a working model.

I. INTRODUCTION
The Internet of Things is the interconnection of the various computing devices embedded in the daily
appliances to the internet, thus enabling them to communicate with each other. This enhances the end
users quality of life and to improve efficiency and sustainability in the day to day activities. In shortly,
many of the smart devices will be communicating over IoT .
We are living in a world that is rapidly evolving regarding automation. Automation is the ability to
schedule events for the devices connected to the local network or the internet through time-related or
stimulus-triggered programs. From large industries to small offices, everywhere the concept of
automation are being implemented to reduce human intervention and to improve energy efficiency and
productivity. Home automation or domestics is the process of automating the various appliances inside
a house thus converting it into a smart house. It involves the automation of heating, lighting,
ventilation, climate control as well as various other embedded system devices that can be connected to
the internet.
Another major characteristic of the present generation of home automation is the remote monitoring
and access of the automated appliances. With the evolution of smartphones and tablets and the
development of various communication technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and ZigBee we have
gained the ability to connect to our home network while we are away indeed. There are many
advantages associated with home automation. One of the advantages is the immense potential for
energy conservation and cost saving.

II. RELATED WORK

Home Automation has been on the rise in the recent times. Starting from agriculture, to the cities
having the tallest of the skyscrapers are inclined towards automation.
In this we use 433 MHz radio frequency control module to control the home appliances directly.
Gadgets like
Smartphones and tablets can be directly connected to the central controller using the Wi-Fi interface.
The only problem with radio signals is that they can be easily intercepted and are prone to distortions
due to interference.
The Bluetooth 4.0 protocol is used to establish communication between the “smart home appliances”
and the user. The user can use cell-phones or tablets to control these appliances remotely. The only
disadvantage of using Blue tooth technology is that the devices can only be controlled from short
range.
All the home appliances are physically connected to the Bluetooth controller and it is controlled by
using Smartphone.
IoT based home automation using android phones is proposed. Two types of home automation, i.e.,
Blue tooth and Ethernet-based were used. Also, the customized Android-based mobile application was
used to control the home applications like Fan, TV, AC, etc. Nonetheless, data sources in the prototype
is not clear and it leads deadlock situation when multiple Android phones try to access same web
portal.
In a smart data acquisition system and energy management system has been created which displays
the necessary data on a web page with the help of SMS, GPRS and email alerts. The ARM
microcontroller has been used for controlling the devices and for wireless communication. The system
was designed based on the IEEE1451 protocol which focuses on defining transducer electronic data
sheet for all the transducers used.
The low cost, flexible and ubiquitous smart home system is presented. In this, Arduino Ethernet is
used to communicate over the Internet with the customized application installed in on Android mobile.
The Arduino device is integrated with various sensors like humidity sensors, temperature sensors,
smoke/gas sensors. All these sensors are controlled by the mobile application used by the user. The
proposed prototype is tested and has analysed the efficiency. However, the proposed system generated
alerts in the form e-mail messages, when the particular home application reaches the given threshold.
In an Ethernet-based smart home automation and energy management system has been proposed
based on the Intel Galileo development board. Various sensors have been used to control the home
appliances as well as to maintain the security of the house.
In a TI Wi-Fi CC3200 Launchpad has been integrated with a PIR sensor to detect motion and send a
voice call to the owner of the house. The owner can then decide whether to disable the security system
or not. He can also remotely control the home appliances. This implementation also does very little
regarding automation.

Fig. 1: Proposed System Configuration

III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

 The proposed system configuration and prototype is shown in Fig. 1 and 2. The following sections
explain about the working modules, involved in the proposed solution.

A. System Design
Our proposed prototype mainly consists of three layers of implementation, namely:
• Sensor Node Layer
• Sensor Data and Database Interface Layer
• Server and Notification Layer

Fig. 2: Proposed Prototype design

B. Objectives:
The sensor node senses the real-time changes in all the variables in the room using various sensors.
The microcontroller assimilates the sensors data and then triggers the relays connected to the
appliances, thus automating them without any user intervention. The energy of the automated
appliances along with the units consumed, the total price and a reminder of booking a new gas cylinder
beforehand is sent to the database. The PHP program then notifies the user about the price incurred for
every 15 days and a reminder for booking a new gas cylinder day before completion of the existing one.

C. Implementation Details
1) Data Flow Diagram (DFD)
2) Hardware
3) Software
4) Microcontroller programming
5) Database and Server Programming

IV. CONCLUSION
 In this synopsis, the home automation is improved by considering a Wireless sensor node. A smart
home integrates various electrical appliances in the home and automates them with no or minimum
user intervention. The smart home keeps track of different environment variables present and guides
the appliances to work according to the needs of the user. Not only automating the home appliances of
daily usage but also notifying the user about the price of his electric bill in regular interval and
automatically booking the gas cylinder, if the level of the gas reaches lower than the threshold. By
considering, the above features, we have developed the prototype and tested. From the experiment, it
was found that we can manage to make low cost, flexible and energy efficient smart home for the
better and greener future.

REFERENCES
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