© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.

Ltd

Viswanathan R, October 2015

Customer Training (Prashant Vihar)

Substation Overview
Feb 24 ,2006
 Content

1. Generation, Transmission and Distribution System

2. Grid Network Process
3. Equipment Description
4. Bus Bar Configuration
1. Single Bus Bar
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

2. Double Bus Bar

3. Three Bus Bar
4. One and Half Breaker
Feb 24 ,2006

2
 Generation, Transmission and Distribution System

Power Evacuation

Substation
Electrical installation
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

where power is Transmission System

controlled for
transmission &
distribution purpose.

Distribution System
Feb 24 ,2006

3
 Sub-Station
§ Evacuation
Substation

§ Sub – Transmission
§ Transmission Substation
Substation
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

§ Distribution Substation
Feb 24 ,2006

4
 Grid Network - Process

Transmission
Power Evacuation Distribution
Substation
Substation Substation
• Location is decided
• Located adjacent
based on to • Location is near the
the Power Plant Grid
Transmission load
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

• Preferred voltage
Network • Preferred voltage
level 765 kV, 400
• Preferred kV,
voltage level 132 kV, 66 kV, 33
245 kV
level 765 kV, 400 kV, kV
• Voltage
245Depends
kV, 132 kVon • Voltage Depends on
Quantum of Power,
• Voltage Depends on Power Demand
Distance of
Length of
Transmission
Transmission Line
Feb 24 ,2006

5
 Equipment Description

Incoming line
Ground
wire Outgoing
line
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Transformer
CVT

CVT
BPI

CB
DS

DS
DS

DS

CT
SA

CB
SA
SA

SA
CT

Surge Arrester Current Transformer AL Tube Busbar

Feb 24 ,2006

PT / CVT Circuit Breaker Transformer

Disconnector Bus Post Insulator Shield Wire

6
 Bus – Bar Configuration
Single Bus Bar

n Application
n Industrial stations with
With Sectionaliser voltage level generally up to
220 kV
n Features
n Simple system
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n Ease of Operation &

maintenance
n Single level bus layout
n Very simple Control &
Protection philosophy
n No redundancy
Feb 24 ,2006

7
 Bus – Bar Configuration
Double Bus Bar
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Two Main & without One Main & One Transfer

Feb 24 ,2006

Two Main & One Transfer

Transfer

8
 Bus – Bar Configuration
Two main and Transfer bus
Transfer
§ Application
Main-2
§ Power evacuation station
and Interconnecting
Main-1 substation for transmission
lines
§ Features
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

§ Independent two buses

sharing the feeder
§ Better load management
§ Better reliability
§ One transfer bay is in-built
for redundancy of one bay
§ Complex Control &
Two Main and One
Feb 24 ,2006

Protection system
Transfer

9
 © ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

1
Three Bus Bar
Bus – Bar Configuration

Main-1
Main-2
Transfer
 Bus – Bar Configuration
One and a Half Breaker

§ Application
§ Adopted where high reliability is
required
§ Power evacuation station for big
power plant and Interconnecting
transmission substations with 765
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

/ 400 kV level
§ Features
§ Very high reliability
§ Costly because of increased no. of
Main-1 Circuit Breaker
Main-2 § Complex Control & Protection
philosophy
Feb 24 ,2006

1
 © ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

1
Main-1
One and a Half Breaker
Bus – Bar Configuration

Main-2
 Substation
Main Equipment Testing

Surge Arrester Isolator PT / CVT

• Insulation • Insulation • Insulation

Resistance Resistance Resistance
• Counter • Contact • Winding
Measurement Resistance Resistance
Measurement Measurement
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

• Motor IR and • Ratio

Winding Measurement
Resistance • Capacitance and
Measurement Tan Delta (CVT)
(Motorized)
• Operation Timing
(Open and Close
for Motorized)
Feb 24 ,2006

1
 Substation
Main Equipment Testing

CT Circuit Breaker Transformer

• Insulation • Insulation • Magnitizing

Resistance Resistance Current
• Polarity Test • Contact • Magnetic Balance
• Winding Measurement • Vector Group
Resistance • Timing Test • Ratio
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Measurement • Operation Timing Measurement (on

• Ratio (Open and Close) all Taps)
Measurement • Insulation
• Knee Point Resistance
Voltage • Winding
Measurement (PS Resistance
Class) • Short Circuit
• Capacitance and • Capacitance and
Tan Delta Tan Delta (winding
Measurement and Bushing)
Feb 24 ,2006

1
 Substation
Engineered Items

n Bus Bar Materials

n Strung bus conductor (ACSR)
n Rigid bus conductor (AL Tube)
n Clamps & Connectors, String Insulator & Hardware
n Earthing Materials
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n Main earthing materials (Rod or Flat)

n Earth Pits
n Cables & accessories
n LT Power & Control cable
n HT Power Cable
n Cable terminations, gland, lugs, ties, marker etc.
Feb 24 ,2006

1
 Substation
Auxiliary Equipment
1. LVAC Switchgear panel
2. AC Distribution board
3. Battery & Battery Charger
4. DC Distribution board
5. Auxiliary LT transformer
6. Lighting Transformer
7. Main Lighting Distribution board
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

8. Emergency Lighting Distribution board

9. Diesel Generator
Feb 24 ,2006

1
 Substation
Auxiliary System
n Illumination system
n Indoor (Control Room Building, DG, FFPH Building.)
n Outdoor switchyard
n Fire fighting and fire detection system
n Air conditioning and ventilation system
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

1
 Substation
Transformer Checklist
n Check oil level and Oil leakages from tank, conservator, radiator, joints etc.
n Check Silica gel in the Main & OLTC breather is active/blue in colour
n Unused secondary cores of Bushing CT have been shorted, if provided
n Check CT star point is formed correctly and earthed at one end only as per scheme
n Check cooling fan operation in Manual/Auto mode & direction of rotation
n For off load tap changer, the tap switch is locked properly in desired tap position
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

1
 Substation
CT Checklist
n Check the primary terminals P1& P2 are connected to the bus as shown in the
drawing
n Secondary connections are completed properly as per the drawing And terminals are
tightened
n The tan delta terminal is connected properly to Earth
n Unused secondary cores, if any are shorted and earthed in the JB/ TB

n The star point has been formed and earthed at one end only
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

1
 Substation
PT / CVT Checklist
n Check for oil marks/oil leakage, oil level
n Check the HF terminal is earthed properly (if not used for PLCC)
n The star point has been formed and earthed
n Links and connections are tightened properly
n No secondary cores are shorted and all secondary fuses are healthy in the Junction
Box
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

2
 Substation
Isolator Checklist

n Operation of three poles & proper engagement during closing

n Check for free movement of arms of Main Contacts during
closing & opening of Isolator & Earth switch
n Check the limit switch settings so that there is no over travel of
the Main contacts
n Check the current drawn by motor is not more than the rated
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

full load current & O/L relay is set for full load current given on
motor nameplate
n All moving parts of drive mechanism are periodically lubricated
n Check for Changeover of Aux. Contacts during open & close
operation
n Electrical Interlock as per the approved schematics
Feb 24 ,2006

2
 Substation
CB and LA Checklist
n SF6 gas is filled up to the required pressure (with temperature
compensation)
n Check that there is no SF6 gas leakage in pipes, valves, joints
etc.
n Close & trip coil resistance checked
n Check the operation of CB for following:
n Closing & tripping through CB Control switch in
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Local/Remote mode
n Close & trip block for low SF6 gas pressure
n Tripping through emergency trip unit (if provided)
n Check Anti pumping feature of CB
n Check that one end of surge counter is connected to bottom of
LA stack & One end has been earthed
n Check Surge counter operations
n Check on charging, the surge counter pointer is in green zone
Feb 24 ,2006

2
 Contents
n The Structure of 145kV GIS
n Erection On site
n Commissioning On site
n Operation on local and routine check
n GIS Maintenance
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Note: we reserve all copyrights, and subject to technical modifications without notification .
Feb 24 ,2006
ABB GIS Product Range

Sub-Transmission

ENK 72.5 kV ELK-04 145 kV ELK-04 170 kV

© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

ELK-14 252 kV ELK-14 300 kV ELK-3 420 kV

Transmission
Feb 24 ,2006

ELK-3 550 kV ELK-4 800 kV ELK-5 1100 kV

 Product portfolio – GIS Essential Features
n Compact, completely encapsulated active components
n No influence of environmental conditions
n Modular, flexible und volume optimized
n Minimum volume of insulating gas, high gas tightness
n Reliable function at high altitudes (> 1000m)
n High reliability and availability
n High Economic Efficiency
n Low life cycle - and maintenance costs
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n Long economic life-time (> 40 years)

n Pre-fabricated, pre-tested - short project processing time
n Energy Efficient
n Flexible Integration within center of power consumption
n Ideal solution for integration of renewables
n Intelligent secondary technology
n Integrated Technology
Feb 24 ,2006
 Perfect Equipment
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n The GIS type consists of a number of different modules. These individual modules
are interconnected by means of bolted flange of identical dimensions connections.
That allow a very flexible arrangement of the different modules to fit mostly all
applications.
n All individual modules can perform ideally by means of rationalization design, careful
Feb 24 ,2006

installation, strict testing and quality control.

 Components
Current Transformer Voltage
1 3 Transformer 4
Busbar with
integrated DES
4
Feeder with
integrated5DES
8 8
Local control cabinet 5 6 6
3
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Fast acting
Earthing
1 7 Switch (FES)
2 7
Cable Champer
Feb 24 ,2006

Circuit Breaker
2
GIS Double Busbar Configuration
Gas Insulated Switchgear- Technology
Perfect Modules result in Perfect Systems
Circuit Diagram ELK-04
3 Double bus-bar
Double bus-bar
bay
5 bay
Legend 1
4
2 1
6
3

4 7
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

2
5

6 ELK-04
Substation with
7 7 bays
Double bus-bar
1 Disconnecting and Earthing switch
2 Circuit Breaker
3 Current Transformer
4 Disconnecting and Earthing switch
5 Voltage Transformer
Feb 24 ,2006

6 Fast Acting Earthing Switch

7 Cable Exit
 Interrupting Chamber
n The principle of self-extinguish

= Heat chamber
It is used for opening the large load
(15 KA to 40 KA)
= Blast chamber
It is used for opening normal load. (<
15KA)
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Hydraulic Spring Operating Mechanism HMB-1

n This drive combines the advantages of the hydraulic operated mechanism with
spring energy storage. The energy is stored in a disk spring.
n HMB-1
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

HMB-1 Mechanism
 Hydraulic Spring Operating Mechanism HMB-1

n Long service life. (10000)

n No temperature influence.
n Maintenance-free and extremely low
rate of wear.
n Internal hydraulic damping.
n Switching sequence is extendable
from O-CO to O-CO-CO.
n Compact design.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n Low noise level.

Feb 24 ,2006
 DES Design
n The moving of the
blades are caused by
the cam disk and the
cam disk limits the
moving distance of the
blades.
n Advantages
o Torque-free start-up of
motor
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

o End position locking.

o end positioning
Feb 24 ,2006
 Voltage Transformer
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n The primary and the secondary windings are galvanically separated and they are
insulated by the insulated material.
Feb 24 ,2006
 FES Design
n The earthing switch consists of the
switching device and a fixed
contact which is mounted to the
earthed unit.

n The main earthing circuit includes

the fixed contact which fixed in the
main conductor circuit, the moving
tube contact and earthing plate in
the mechanism.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 FES Design

n An insulating connection is provided

between the contact tubes arranged in
the center of the unit and the device.
So the fast acting earthing switch can
be insulated from the main earthing
system and is used for an extension of
the main circuit while it is closed.
Therefore it is convenience that the
protective relay testing and the
resisters of main circuit measurement.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 FES Design
n The FES is equipped with a motor
operated snap spring operating
mechanism. And the FES can be
operated manually by the hand-crank.

n The drive motor operates the drive lever

through the drive spindle. During a
closing operation, the snap spring
passes its dead center position and this
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

generates a torque on the drive level that

automatically closes the device.
Feb 24 ,2006
 Cable End Unit
n The HV cable can be contacted into the main
circuit of GIS via cable end unit of GIS.
1. CEU complied IEC standard;
2. compact CEU;
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Local Control Cabinet

n All electric elements being used for order

inputting/outputting. Alarm and interlocking
are integrated in local control cabinet. And
the measurements of voltage and current
are transmitted from the terminal too.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Local Control Cabinet
n a cable with two plug contacts the
device to LCC. And the contacting
cables are wired and tested in factory
before delivery.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n The layout is drawn on the panel and

operating switches, indicators and
annunciator are lied out the panel too.
The device can be operated by means
of these operating elements.
Feb 24 ,2006
 Gas System

n SF6 gas is used for insulation and arc extinguishing. GIS is insulated by
barriers to the different gas compartments, such as CB compartment,
DES compartment etc. and there is a density relay in each compartment
monitoring the gas density.
n During the installation, each compartment shall be filled comply with a
guiding sequence.
n Each gas compartment is configured a gas valve and it’s convenient to
check the gas, for example gas refilling and gas measurement.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Gas System
Gas compartment figure Barrier insulator

Bus bar

PT
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Feeder
Disconnector
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.,Ltd
Feb24,2006

Site and after-sales Service

2008-10-10
Erection On Site
 Summarize

n The enclosure of the GIS is made of non corrosive aluminium,the GIS is small
dimension and low weight.In manufacture,one and more modules are assemblied as
a derivery unit for testing and quality controling,thus the installation working on site
will be saved.
n It does not have special request in delivery road.
n According to constract, ABB will give support and service which is needed in GIS
installation and commissioning.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Inspect Before Erection

q Construction must be followed design drawing, include hole position, loading

object in construction etc.
q Level floor, cleanness wall and ceiling.
q Door, window and ventilation device.
q Crane and hook.
q It shall be convenient for goods delivery and loading.
q There shall be enough visibility and working power.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Goods check in

n Goods must be check in according to packing list and its packing status must be
check.
n ABB site engineer must be in site while goods checking. all of parts must be checked
according to list, in order to avoiding mistake.
n Don’t release any pressure of compartment before installation.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Safety onsite

n Make sure to strictly comply with safe working regulations and rules which is issued
by relational organization.

n Make sure to strictly comply with ABB product manual GIS, please pay attention for
note and warning.

n Safety includes environment, personal, device and other etc.

© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Preparation Before Erection
n Clear
1) Install area clear
2) Near area of assemble module clear
3) Assembly parts clear
n Prior to opening a gas compartment, thoroughly clean and vacuum clean the
installation area, especially the near of assembly parts.
n Thoroughly clean assemble parts, assemble element and the installation flanges.
q sealing surfaces of the flange and “o”-groove.
q contact surfaces of the conductors.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

q connector.
q links.
q O-Ring.
q Insulators.
Feb 24 ,2006
 Caution of Installation
n SF6 can loose its arc quenching and insulating properties when contaminated. for
this reason, all surfaces and components that will be in contact with SF6 have been
thoroughly cleaned in our factory and have been installed under conditions of utmost
cleanliness. when on open devices or gas compartments, avoid the entry of or
contact with dirt, sweat and humidity at any time.
n Once the transport covers have been removed, the installation of the flange must be
completed without interruptions. If interruption can’t be avoided, open flanges must
be covered with a clean plastic foil.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n Voltage Transformer and surge arrester are forbad to be opened or be vacuated

without allowed by manufacturer.
Feb 24 ,2006
 Installation sequence

n Drawing the axes lines

n Bays erection
n Module assembly
n Compartment evacuation
n Filling SF6
n Cable lay and wiring
n Earthing
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n 110kv cable installation

Feb 24 ,2006
 Bay Layout

n According to layout, the main bay, CB

bay, must be lay out to the position of
design and its axes must be same as
the axes lines drown in the floor.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

n
Bay and bay Connecting

Bay and bay connect by female connected.

© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

Module Installation
 Compartment Evacuation
n Normally, gas compartment must be
evacuated immediately after modules was
installed.
n Vacuum requirement: continue to evacuate
1 hour when compartment pressure is
100Kpa below and shut off vacuum device,
check its pressure in 5 hour’s.
n Continue to evacuate about 1-2 hours and
then SF6 gas can be filled into the gas
compartment.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Compartment Filling

n After the vacuum of compartment, the gas compart-ments are initially filled up to a
pressure of 150KPa only, it could not be filled up to its rated filling pressure before all
installation work have been completed.
n Its rated filling pressure must be changed to the ambient temperature.

（100Kpa=1bar）
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
Filling pressure
 Cable lay and wiring
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

According to the difference of designed layout, cable lay and wiring have difference
steps on site.
n 1）Combination: cable was lie and wired in workshop, so that will be a little work on
site, the cable working can be saved.

n 2）Separation: the cable which connect from LCC to module will be lie and wired on
site.
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

Cable Plug
 Earthing

According to design drawing, earth the individual GIS bays to earth.

© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 HV Cable Assemble
n After handling of gas
compartment, opening
the cover of CEU and
plug the 110KV Cable
Sealing End into GIS.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.,Ltd
Feb24,2006

Site and after-sales Service

2006-10-10
site
Commissioning On
 Preparation Before Commissioning

q Confirming the testing projects onsite.

q Confirming the extended testing items if necessary.
q Confirming the testing schedule onsite.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 On-site Commissioning Guide
1. Earthing Checks
2. Measurement of main circuit voltage drop.
3. Check of SF6 density monitors and associated realys
4. Check of gas leakage if any
5. Dew-point measurement.
6. Measurement of voltage transformer, current transformer and surge
arrester.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

7. Circuit Breaker mechanical functional Tests.

8. Disconnectors/Earth Switch functional check.
9. Local/Remote Operations
10. High-voltage test of the main circuit.
Feb 24 ,2006
 Measurement of the main circuit voltage drop
n Measurement purpose: for
checking the correct assembly
technology and the rating connect
of conductor, this test must be
checked and it can find out the
fault and solved early.
n In case of new installation, it is
measured on complete circuit, the
values are referred to the added
values of individual modules
measuring in factory.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

Testing Scene
 Check of Density relays and Gas tightness

n Check purpose of density relays:

checking the rating action pressure of
density relay.
n Check purpose of gas tightness:
checking the tightness by means of all
connected flanges and gas couplings.
n Note: Checking work must be done
after 24 hours. 。
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Dew-point Measurement
n Purpose：Dew point measurement can measure the moisture of SF6 gas in gas
compartments, in order to make sure the purity and insulation is good.
n Instrument
Dew Point Instrument DP19
n Standard：CB gas compartment<150 ul/l, other ones<250 ul/l.
n The moisture should be carried out after 24 hours of filling.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

Dew point Instrument SF6 DP19

 Earthing and PT/CT/SA check

n Earthing Check
Check the earthing connections according to the primary layout. Measurement
of PT,CT and SA.
Check the characters of these equipment and compare with the routine reports
of manufactory.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Mechanical Testing

1. Test purpose: Measure the open and close times of circuit breaker and the
continuous currents of the motor, check the operating sequence, measure the
motor running time from zero to rating power etc.
2. Testing instrument： C.B. analyzer, DC ammeter, stopwatch etc.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Measurement Methods

3. Measurement methods
3.1 Measure the characters of C.B. mechanical function by means of the
conductor of FES and ES both sides of the C.B.
3.2 Adding a DC ammeter into the power circuit and operating the switch, then
the continuous currents of motor can be measured
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

Figure - Circuit Breaker

 The secondary circuit checking

According to the drawings, checking that the secondary circuit must be followed
to designs and could be worked well, such as operating circuit, signal circuit,
inter-blocked circuit etc.

Caution: the secondary circuit of current and voltage transformer must be

checked carefully with load, or CT and PT may be damaged in service.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 High Voltage Test of the main circuits

n This test of one minute duration has been proven over many years of practical
application. The subsequent successful energizing of the tested GIS shows that this
test guarantees a safe and reliable operation of the GIS.
n The high voltage test of the main circuits will be performed after all installation works
have been completed. The AC test voltage is usually 80% of the power frequency
voltage used for the routine test in the factory and is applied for one minute.
n During the HV test, the following sections must be disconnected:
Voltage transformer
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Surge arrester
High-voltage cable
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

Testing Figures
 Site and after-sales Service Operation on local
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.,Ltd

2008-10-10 and routine check

Feb24,2006
 Safety Instruction

n In the interest of operational safety for personnel and equipment, the following
general safety instructions have to be strictly observed. If local safety regulations are
applicable more extensive or more protective, they have the priority over these
instructions. all applicable national regulations must observed with regard to:
electrical safety
accident prevention handing of
Waste and disposal
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Normal Operation
n Remote operartion
Change-over switch is turned to
REMOTE and local operation is
blocked.
n Local operation
Change-over switch is turned to
LOCAL and then remote
operation is blocked, but the
protection trip isn’t blocked.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n OFF position
When the switch is turned to OFF
position and then remote and
local blocked, but it doesn’t block
protection trip.
Feb 24 ,2006
 Emergency Operation
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

Caution： Switching operations without paying attention to the interlocking

conditions of the devices may damage the parts of the GIS.
n Local operation For safety reasons, switching operations with deactivated
interlocking requires both hands and shall be performed by authorized
personnel only.
Hand 1: turn key-operated switch into position RELEASE
Hand 2: press pushbutton ON or OFF
Feb 24 ,2006
 Interlocking Operation
q This operations are used in commissioning mostly, switch
can be operated even if incorrect switching operating
sequence.
Caution: operating this switch will release all interlocking, so
please pay close attention
q Operation step:
A. turn key-operation switch 1 to LOCAL position.
B. insert key into interlocking switch 2 and then turn over
30 degrees deasil by one hand Operate the device
pushbutton by the other hand.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

C. Pull out the key after operation.

Please pay close attention that the keys must be kept carefully
by authorized personnel
Feb 24 ,2006
 Manual Operation (circuit breaker)

n During emergency operation, circuit breaker can be manually switched directly at the
device by actuating the control valves.
n Note: If the alarm “C.B. trip blocked” is triggered, CB may be switched off manually
by means of the control valves only if the relevant feeder is de-energized. If the
alarm “C.B. close blocked” is triggered, CB may be switched on manually by means
of the control valves only if the relevant feeder is de-energized.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Manual Operation (DES)
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

n In emergencies, the disconnector/earthing switch (DES) can be operated manually

directly on the device by means of hand-crank. As soon as the hand-crank is
inserted into the drive mechanism, the circuit for motor operation is automatically
interrupted.
Feb 24 ,2006
 Annunciator Operation

n 1-Reset button. The fault light will

flash when the fault occurs, pressing
this button can confirm that LED will
turn to long light if the fault is true, or
it will go out if the fault is solved2-Test
button. Press this button, all of alarm
signals will be light。
n 3-LED alarm signals。4-nonuse。
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Routine Services
q We recommend that personnel who manages the GIS may be enter GIS substation
for checking the followings character even if ABB GIS have higher reliability
q signal on LCC
q SF6 Gas Density indicator
q Leakage current and Surge counter operation
q Operating meter of hydraulic pump of CB mechanism
q Operating meter of CB mechanism
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

q others（visual check, sound which is out of work etc.）

Feb 24 ,2006
 Routine Services-LCC signal

n CB hydraulic pump fault

n CB SF6 pressure stage 1
n M.C.B trip
n SF6 pressure stage 1
n CB blocking；
n Collected alarm of SF6 pressure stage 2
n The other fault
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Routine Services-Density monitor
There are two colors (red-green) or/and
meter on the panel of density monitor
n Green area-working range
n red area-non working range,
device must be insulated from
working manually.
n Density monitors are modified
pressure measuring
instruments with electrical
accessories. Temperature
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

influences are compensated by

means of a compensation
system.
Feb 24 ,2006
 Routine Service-SA

n Check and record the leakage current and surged number of SA.
SA（surge arrester）。
n Leakage current are listed as below

Isa<1.15mA
or Isa<0.7mA
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Routine Service-counter

n Pump counter records the number of hydraulic pump starts and it can’t be reset
manually. There may be a leakages in the hydraulic system if pump counter shows a
great number.
n up to 10 pump starts per day are permissible up to more then 10 pump stats per
day, the mechanism shall be monitored. up to more then 20 pump starts per
day, please contact with ABB.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.,Ltd
Feb24,2006

Site and after-sales service

2008-10-10
GIS maintenance
 Summarize

q The operational safety of gas insulated switchgear is not affected by any external
impacts such as dirt, humidity etc. For this reason, our sf6-gas insulated switchgear,
type EXK-0 requires virtually no maintenance.

q The GIS operations and monitoring in service are performed in the control center, so
it is easy to find out some change of the GIS characters, such as density, fault
signal, the condition of mechanism etc.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006

Maintenance
 Note

n Inspection
Function and visual inspections are carried out at 8-year intervals. The gas
compartments are not opened during these checks.
n Maintenance
We recommend calling in our service for all work involving the interior parts of the
switchgear, please contact our service.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Maintenance of the Control Devices

n All control devices of the GIS are maintenance-free

n Maintenance of the secondary devices of the GIS can not be recommended.

Exchange defective devices against original parts of the same type.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
 Maintenance check items
During maintenance, the following items are recommended.
1. Visual check.
2. Gas compartment tightness check.
3. Refilling SF6 into the gas compartment If its pressure drops. Make sure checking
out the qualities of SF6 before refilling.
4. Dew-point of gas compartments measurement.
5. Density monitors check.
6. Devices functional check.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd

7. This function check include devices operated circuit, manual operation circuit, alarm
circuit check, mechanism operation, remote control etc.
8. Mechanical functional test of Circuit breaker
9. Main circuit voltage drop measurement.
10. Earthing check

11. Main circuit HV test------if necessary.

Feb 24 ,2006
 More Information

n More maintenance detail information, refer to the service of ABB products manual
GIS type EXK-0.
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006
© ABB Huadian High Voltage Switchgear (Xiamen) Co.Ltd
Feb 24 ,2006