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Concentration & Solubility of A Precipitate

1) Calculate the moles of solute needed to make a given volume and concentration of solution using the formula: Moles of solute = Molarity x Volume of solution. 2) Describe how to make a 0.3M sodium hydroxide solution by measuring the needed amount of NaOH solute, dissolving it in distilled water, and diluting to the total volume in a volumetric flask. 3) Explain that dilution keeps the moles of solute the same but decreases the concentration using the formula: M1V1 = M2V2, where M is molarity and V is volume.

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Selma Elbalalesy
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40 views

Concentration & Solubility of A Precipitate

1) Calculate the moles of solute needed to make a given volume and concentration of solution using the formula: Moles of solute = Molarity x Volume of solution. 2) Describe how to make a 0.3M sodium hydroxide solution by measuring the needed amount of NaOH solute, dissolving it in distilled water, and diluting to the total volume in a volumetric flask. 3) Explain that dilution keeps the moles of solute the same but decreases the concentration using the formula: M1V1 = M2V2, where M is molarity and V is volume.

Uploaded by

Selma Elbalalesy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Concentration &

Solubility of a
Precipitate.
Measuring Solutions

• Concentration- how much is dissolved.


• Molarity = Moles of solute
Liters of solution
• 1 M : 1 mol solute = 1 liter solution
• 5 M : 5 mol solute = 1 liter solution
•Calculate the molarity of a solution with 34.6 g of
CuCl2 dissolved in 125 mL of solution.
Determining moles of ions in solution
• Write a dissociation equation.
• CuCl2  Cu2+ + 2 Cl-
• If you calculate 2.06M of CuCl2, then the
[ ] of Copper ions will be the same and
chloride ions will be 2 x M or 4.12M
because we have twice as many chloride
ions as copper ions.
Example
• Calculate the concentration of the solution when 63.9g
of aluminum sulfate is dissolved in 750ml of distilled
water.

• What are the molar concentrations of all ions present


in the solution?
Molarity
• How many grams of Barium nitrate would be
required to make 50.0 mL of a 2.7 M solution?
If you make a 3.80M solution of oxalic acid
using 250. g of solute, how many ml’s of
solution will you prepare?
• What would the concentration be if you used
27g of FeCl3 to make 500. mL of solution?

• What are the molar concentrations of all ions


in the solution?
Making solutions
• Describe how to make 100 ml of 0.3M sodium
hydroxide.
• To make a solution, you need a Volumetric Flask,
distilled water, and a specific quantity of your
solute.
• Measure the solute, dissolve in distilled water,
add to Volumetric Flask, dilute to a total volume
of 100 ml.
Be Careful……
• When asked to describe how to prepare a
solution, it is not enough to calculate the
needed materials. You must answer the
question. Describe the process.
• Prepare 100 ml of 0.3M NaOH
Dilution
• Adding more solvent to a known solution.
• The moles of solute stay the same.
• moles = M x L
• M1 V1 = M2 V2
• moles = moles
• Stock solution is a solution of known
concentration used to make more dilute solutions
Dilution
• What volume of a 1.70 M solution is needed to
make 250. mL of a 0.500M solution?
• M1 V1 = M2 V2
• (0.500 M)(250 mL)= (1.70M) V2
• V2 = 73.5 mL
Stoichiometry of Precipitation
• In addition to calculating the amount of
precipitate formed, many times we want to know
what is left in solution after a reaction has
stopped.
• Remember, the spectator ions do not participate
in the net reaction, therefore are unchanged.
• Remaining in solution would be the spectators
and any excess ion that may be left over.
Example
• What mass of solid is formed when 120.0 mL of
0.150 M Barium chloride is mixed with 150.0 mL
of 0.225 M sodium phosphate?
• Determine the concentration of all ions present in
solution after the reaction is complete.

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