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3DBMS ER Model Concept - Javatpoint PDF

The document discusses the Entity-Relationship (ER) model, which is a high-level data model used to define the data elements and relationships for a system. The ER model develops a conceptual design for the database and a simple view of data. It portrays the database structure as an entity-relationship diagram. Entities, attributes, and relationships make up an ER diagram. Entities are objects like people or places. Attributes describe entity properties. Relationships describe how entities relate to each other and can be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many.

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riddhi chavan
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143 views

3DBMS ER Model Concept - Javatpoint PDF

The document discusses the Entity-Relationship (ER) model, which is a high-level data model used to define the data elements and relationships for a system. The ER model develops a conceptual design for the database and a simple view of data. It portrays the database structure as an entity-relationship diagram. Entities, attributes, and relationships make up an ER diagram. Entities are objects like people or places. Attributes describe entity properties. Relationships describe how entities relate to each other and can be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many.

Uploaded by

riddhi chavan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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12/17/2020 DBMS ER model concept - javatpoint

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ER model
ER model stands for an Entity-Relationship model. It is a high-
level data model. This model is used to define the data elements
and relationship for a specified system.

It develops a conceptual design for the database. It also develops


a very simple and easy to design view of data.

In ER modeling, the database structure is portrayed as a diagram


called an entity-relationship diagram.

For example, Suppose we design a school database. In this database,


the student will be an entity with attributes like address, name, id, age,
etc. The address can be another entity with attributes like city, street
name, pin code, etc and there will be a relationship between them.

Component of ER Diagram

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1. Entity:

An entity may be any object, class, person or place. In the ER diagram,


an entity can be represented as rectangles.

Consider an organization as an example- manager, product, employee,


department etc. can be taken as an entity.

a. Weak Entity

An entity that depends on another entity called a weak entity. The weak
entity doesn't contain any key attribute of its own. The weak entity is
represented by a double rectangle.

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2. Attribute

The attribute is used to describe the property of an entity. Eclipse is used


to represent an attribute.

For example, id, age, contact number, name, etc. can be attributes of a
student.

a. Key Attribute

The key attribute is used to represent the main characteristics of an


entity. It represents a primary key. The key attribute is represented by
an ellipse with the text underlined.

b. Composite Attribute

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An attribute that composed of many other attributes is known as a


composite attribute. The composite attribute is represented by an ellipse,
and those ellipses are connected with an ellipse.

c. Multivalued Attribute

An attribute can have more than one value. These attributes are known
as a multivalued attribute. The double oval is used to represent
multivalued attribute.

For example, a student can have more than one phone number.

d. Derived Attribute

An attribute that can be derived from other attribute is known as a


derived attribute. It can be represented by a dashed ellipse.

For example, A person's age changes over time and can be derived
from another attribute like Date of birth.

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3. Relationship

A relationship is used to describe the relation between entities. Diamond


or rhombus is used to represent the relationship.

Types of relationship are as follows:

a. One-to-One Relationship

When only one instance of an entity is associated with the relationship,


then it is known as one to one relationship.

For example, A female can marry to one male, and a male can marry to
one female.

b. One-to-many relationship

When only one instance of the entity on the left, and more than one
instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship then
this is known as a one-to-many relationship.

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For example, Scientist can invent many inventions, but the invention is
done by the only specific scientist.

c. Many-to-one relationship

When more than one instance of the entity on the left, and only one
instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship then it
is known as a many-to-one relationship.

For example, Student enrolls for only one course, but a course can
have many students.

d. Many-to-many relationship

When more than one instance of the entity on the left, and more than
one instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship
then it is known as a many-to-many relationship.

For example, Employee can assign by many projects and project can
have many employees.

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