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Mechanics of Materials IV:: Deflections, Buckling, Combined Loading, & Failure Theories

This document discusses mechanics of materials concepts related to deflections, buckling, combined loading, and failure theories. It provides equations for calculating critical buckling loads for different end conditions of columns. It also works through an example problem to calculate allowable loads in a truss member due to axial loading and buckling, applying theories of maximum shear stress and Mohr's circle of stress to determine failure loads. Yield stress, modulus of elasticity, and a factor of safety are given to calculate the governing allowable load case.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
71 views

Mechanics of Materials IV:: Deflections, Buckling, Combined Loading, & Failure Theories

This document discusses mechanics of materials concepts related to deflections, buckling, combined loading, and failure theories. It provides equations for calculating critical buckling loads for different end conditions of columns. It also works through an example problem to calculate allowable loads in a truss member due to axial loading and buckling, applying theories of maximum shear stress and Mohr's circle of stress to determine failure loads. Yield stress, modulus of elasticity, and a factor of safety are given to calculate the governing allowable load case.

Uploaded by

Faryal Batool
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mechanics of Materials IV:

Deflections, Buckling, Combined Loading, & Failure Theories


Dr. Wayne Whiteman
Senior Academic Professional and Director of the Office of Student Services
Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering
Module 17 Learning Outcome
• Solve a column buckling problem
Critical Buckling Loads (Euler Buckling Loads)
pinned-pinned fixed-pinned fixed-fixed fixed-free
. .
0.7 L 0.5 L
L

. 2L

 EI  EI
2 2
 EI  EI
2 2

PCR  PCR  PCR  PCR 


0 . 7 L  0 . 5 L  2 L 
2 2 2 2
L

 EI
2

PCR 
 L EFFECTIVE 
2

where L EFFECTIVE is the distance between two successive


inflection points or points of zero moment
(must be modified for actual end conditions)
Worksheet: The truss below is composed of ½ inch
diameter structural steel bars. The normal yield stress
for the steel is 36 ksi. The modulus of elasticity is
29,000 ksi. The design requires a factor of safety of 3
with respect to yielding due to the axial loading.
a) Find the allowable load, F, due to axial loading
b) Find the allowable load, F, due to buckling
c) Which case governs?

F
Start by finding the axial loads in the truss member
FBD entire structure

Ax =0
F
Ay By

+  M A
 0
+  Fy  0

  6  F  12  B y  0 Ay 
F
2
F
By 
2
Start by finding the axial loads in the truss member

Ax =0
F
Ay By

FBD Joint A
FAD
4
3
4 FAE

Ay = F/2
Start by finding the axial loads in the truss member
FBD Joint A
FAD
4
4 F
3 AE F

Ay = F/2 +  Fx  0
5 
 F
+  Fy  0 8 
3
  F AD  F AE  0
F 4 5
   F AD  0
2 5  15 
F AE   F
5  40 
F AD     F
8 F AE  0 . 375 F ( T )  F BE by symmetry

F AD  0 . 625 F ( C )  F BC by symmetry
Start by finding the axial loads in the truss member
FBD section cut
FCD

FDE
FAE
Ax =0
Ay = F/2
F
By

+  M E
 0 +  Fy  0

F F 4
 ( 6 )  F CD ( 4 )  0  F DE  0
2 2 5
3 5
F CD   F F DE  F
4 8
F DE  0 . 625 F ( T )  F CE by symmetry
F CD  0 . 75 F ( C )
Worksheet: The truss below is composed of ½ inch diameter
structural steel bars. The normal yield stress for the steel is 36 ksi.
The modulus of elasticity is 29,000 ksi. The design requires a factor
of safety of 3 with respect to yielding due to the axial loading.
a) Find the allowable load, F, due to axial loading
b) Find the allowable load, F, due to buckling
c) Which case governs?

Maximum Shear Stress Theory


Failure occurs when:
  FAILURE

This theory is good for ductile


materials (e.g. steel, aluminum,
plastic, etc)
Worksheet: The truss below is composed of ½ inch diameter
structural steel bars. The normal yield stress for the steel is 36 ksi.
The modulus of elasticity is 29,000 ksi. The design requires a factor
of safety of 3 with respect to yielding due to the axial loading.
a) Find the allowable load, F, due to axial loading
b) Find the allowable load, F, due to buckling
c) Which case governs?
For STT-Mohr’s Circle - Stress
 0 ,  FAILURE 
.
F
. .  ,0 
0 ,0 
. FAILURE

For axial load yield:


 FAILURE
( YIELD ) 36 ksi
 FAILURE
   18 ksi
2 2
For axial load yield:
 FAILURE
( YIELD ) 36 ksi
 FAILURE
   18 ksi
2 2

Failure Stress 18 ksi


FoS  3  
Actual Stress  ACTUAL
( ALLOWED )

 ACTUAL
 6 ksi
( ALLOW ED )
For STT-Mohr’s Circle - Stress
 
 0 ,  ACTUAL 

 ACTUAL
 6 ksi
 . ( ALLOWED ) 

( ALLOWED )
. .
0 ,0   

 ACTUAL
.  

ACTUAL
( ALLOWED )
, 0 
 F
( ALLOW ED )
 ACTUAL
 6 ksi
2 ( ALLOW ED ) F AD  0 . 625 F ( C )  F BC by symmetry

P ACTUAL F AE  0 . 375 F ( T )  F BE by symmetry


( ALLOW ED )

A   6 ksi
ACTUAL F CD  0 . 75 F ( C )
2 ( ALLOW ED )

F DE  0 . 625 F ( T )  F CE by symmetry
 1  
2

P ACTUAL  0 . 75 F ACTUAL  6 ksi  2     inches  


   
( ALLOW ED ) ( ALLOW ED ) 4

F ACTUAL  3 . 142 kips  3142 lb to avoid yielding


( ALLOWED )
Worksheet: The truss below is composed of ½ inch diameter
structural steel bars. The normal yield stress for the steel is 36 ksi.
The modulus of elasticity is 29,000 ksi. The design requires a factor
of safety of 3 with respect to yielding due to the axial loading.
a) Find the allowable load, F, due to axial loading
b) Find the allowable load, F, due to buckling
c) Which case governs? F
Check Buckling Loads Member CD
F AD  0 . 625 F ( C )  F BC by symmetry
pinned-pinned   1 
4


2
 29000 ksi    inches   F AE  0 . 375 F ( T )  F BE by symmetry
.  4  4  
PCR  2
  12 inches  F CD  0 . 75 F ( C )
 6 ft   
L   ft  F DE  0 . 625 F ( T )  F CE by symmetry

. PCR  0 . 1694 kips


F ACTUAL  3 . 142 kips  3142 lb to avoid yielding
PCR  0 . 75 F CR
( ALLOWED )
 EI
2

PCR  2
( MEMBER CD )
L
F CR  0 . 2258 kips  226 lb
( MEMBER CD )

ANS

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