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Muhamad Nabil Najmuddin Bin Azman 17188965/2 (IIV 180031) : Name: ID Number

The document contains a student's responses to multiple choice and short answer questions about organic chemistry laboratory safety procedures and techniques. The student correctly answered questions about personal protective equipment that must be worn, important laboratory infrastructure, compounds tested in Lassaigne's test for nitrogen, observations of reactions involving silver nitrate and bromine, the formation of Prussian blue in Lassaigne's test, how Grignard reagents are formed, the steps of recrystallization, and interpreting NMR and IR spectra to determine molecular structures.

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Baginda Ramlee
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61 views

Muhamad Nabil Najmuddin Bin Azman 17188965/2 (IIV 180031) : Name: ID Number

The document contains a student's responses to multiple choice and short answer questions about organic chemistry laboratory safety procedures and techniques. The student correctly answered questions about personal protective equipment that must be worn, important laboratory infrastructure, compounds tested in Lassaigne's test for nitrogen, observations of reactions involving silver nitrate and bromine, the formation of Prussian blue in Lassaigne's test, how Grignard reagents are formed, the steps of recrystallization, and interpreting NMR and IR spectra to determine molecular structures.

Uploaded by

Baginda Ramlee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Muhamad Nabil Najmuddin Bin Azman

ID Number: 17188965/2 [IIV 180031]

TEST_Lab Organic 2 (SIC 2002)


1. Indicate important personal protective measures that have to be taken in an organic laboratory.

i) _Must always wear safety goggles and lab coat_


ii) _Wear gloves where necessary and do not make skin contact with any substances_
iii) Footwear must completely cover the foot and heel (no sandals, ballet flats, mules, open-toed footwear)

2. Name the most important safety infrastructure which are required for an organic chemical laboratory.

i) Impervious and chemically resistant work surfaces


ii) Safety shower (if hazardous chemicals are used)
iii) Fume hoods

3. Which one of the following elements in an organic compound cannot be detected by Lassaigne’s test? (Br, N,
S, H)

Hydrogen can’t be detected by Lassaigne’s test.

4. Which of the following compounds is formed when an organic compound containing nitrogen is fused with
sodium? (NaNO₃, NaNH₂, NaCN, NaNO₂)

Sodium cyanide, NaCN is formed

5. Which compound does not give a positive result in the Lassaigne’s test for nitrogen? (Glycerine, Aniline, Urea,
Benzamide)

Glycerine, because it does not contain nitrogen.

6. A student added few drops of silver nitrate into Lassaigne’s extract of an organic compound containing
bromine. Which one of the following is the correct observation? A (black, dark yellow, pale yellow, white)
precipitate is formed.

A pale yellow precipitate is formed

7. In the Lassaigne’s test for the detection of nitrogen in an organic compound, the Prussian blue colour is due
to the formation of ________. (K₄[Fe(CN)₆], K₃[Fe(CN)₆], Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃, Na₄[Fe(CN)₅NOS]

Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃

8. Alkyl halides can be converted into Grignard reagents by ________.


a) Boiling them with Mg ribbon in alcoholic solution
b) Warming them with magnesium powder in dry ether 
c) Refluxing them with MgCl2 solution
d) Warming them with MgCl2

9. Which is not present in Grignard reagent?


a) Methyl group
b) Magnesium
c) Halogen
d) −COOH group 
10. Provide a detailed, stepwise mechanism for the reaction:

Answer :

11. How do you perform a recrystallization? Elaborate the steps by illustration and explanation.

In recrystallization, a solution is created by dissolving a solute in a solvent at or near its boiling point.
At this high temperature, the solute has a greatly increased solubility in the solvent, so a much smaller
quantity of hot solvent is needed than when the solvent is at room temperature. When the solution
is later cooled, after filtering out insoluble impurities, the amount of solute that remains dissolved
drops precipitously. At the cooler temperature, the solution is saturated at a much lower
concentration of solute. The solute that can no longer be held in solution forms purified crystals of
solute, which can later be collected.

There are four major steps in the recrystallization process: dissolving the solute in the solvent, Cool
the solution, obtaining crystals of the solute and collecting the solute crystals by vacuum filtration,
and, finally, drying the resulting crystals.
1. Dissolve the solute in the solvent : Add boiling solvent to a beaker containing the impure
compound. Heat the beaker and keep adding solvent until the solute is completely dissolved.

2. Cool the Solution : The solution is cooled in open air first, and then cooled in an ice bath.
Slow cooling often leads to purer crystals. Crystals should form on the bottom of the beaker.
The process of "seeding" can be used to aid the formation of crystals- this means adding a
pure crystal of the compound. The pure crystal forms a surface for the solute to crsytallize
upon.

3. Obtain the crsytals of the solute : The more pure crystals of the solute are the desirable part
of the mixture, and so they must be removed from the solvent. The process used for
isolating the crystals that remain in the beaker still is called vacuum filtration. Suction is
created using an aspirator, and whatever remains in the beaker is poured though a Buchner
funnel. If for some reason there are no crystals visible, a gravity filtration can be performed.
Activated carbon is added to the solution, the mixture is boiled, and a funnel system is used
to transfer the new mixture to a new beaker of boiling solvent. Filter paper is used in the
funnel to remove excess carbon. After this mixture cools slowly there should be large
crystals present.

4. Dry the resulting crystals : The crystals are dried by leaving them in the aspirator and then by
removing them to a glass dish to wait a while longer. The purity of the crystals can be tested
by performing a "melting point determination".
12. Interpret the IR and 1H-NMR spectra below and draw the possible structure.

i) Formula molecule: C5H10O

2-PENTANONE
ii) Formula molecule: C10H14O

4-tert-Butylphenol

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