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C) Tensile Strength and Properties of Concrete in Tension

Concrete has a low tensile strength, approximately 10-15% of its compressive strength. Direct uniaxial tension testing results in premature failure, so indirect methods are used. The modulus of rupture test loads concrete beams in either midspan point loading or third point loading. Third point loading often yields lower strengths since the region of maximum moment is longer, increasing chances of defects causing failure.

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37 views1 page

C) Tensile Strength and Properties of Concrete in Tension

Concrete has a low tensile strength, approximately 10-15% of its compressive strength. Direct uniaxial tension testing results in premature failure, so indirect methods are used. The modulus of rupture test loads concrete beams in either midspan point loading or third point loading. Third point loading often yields lower strengths since the region of maximum moment is longer, increasing chances of defects causing failure.

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abdullah
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c) Tensile Strength and (T-E Properties of Concrete in Tension

Concrete, being a brittle material has a very low tensile strength (approximately 10
to 15 percent of the compressive strength). The ideal test specimen to obtain the tensile
strength and the o-E diagram in tension would be a specimen subjected to uniaxial
tension. However, such a test in which the specimen has a uniform cross-section, results
in local and premature failures, due to the adverse stresses caused by clamping jaws of
the testing machine, Figure 1.9(a). It is possible to eliminate the local failure by using the
kidney shaped specimen (briquette test) shown in Figure 1.9(b). Although the local
failure is eliminated, the stress concentration near the edges, as shown in the figure, cause
the specimen to fail at loads below the ones corresponding to the actual tensile strength of
concrete.,

Figure 1.9
Due to the difficulties outlined in making direct tension test, indirect test specimens
have been developed. The oldest indirect test is the flexure test or better known as
"Modulus of Rupture Test",
- .

As shown in Figure l.lO(a) and (b),"Modulus of Rupture Beam", which is just a '
plain concrete beam, can be subjected to a single load at the midspan or two loads at third
points. The cross sectional dimensions are usually 150x150 mm or 100x 100 mm. The
tensile strength is computed using the classical flexural formula developed for linearly
elastic materials.

If a large number of tests are made using these two types of modulus of rupture
tests (midspan and third point loading) it will be found out that the average strength
obtained from third point loading tests will be lower than the average value obtained fro-m
'
tests where the beam is loaded at the midspan. The reason for this is that, the maximum
moment for the specimen shown in Fig.l.10 (a) occurs only at a single section, whereas
for the specimen shown in Fig. l.lO(b) the maximum moment is constant between the
two loads. Since the probability having defects (like voids, large aggreg&e_srl_lpcalcracks
etc.) over :finite length is greater than the one at a single section, the mean value for (a)
- _ .- -
will
.-be greater
+.- than (b).

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