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Service Manual
Trucks
Group36
Fault Codes
Vehicle ECU
MID 144
Volvo or Cummins Engine
VN, VHD VERSION 2

PV776-20125618
 Foreword

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The descriptions and service procedures contained in this manual are based on designs
and methods studies carried out up to October 2003.

The products are under continuous development. Vehicles and components produced
after the above date may therefore have different specifications and repair methods.
When this is believed to have a significant bearing on this manual, supplementary
service bulletins will be issued to cover the changes.
The new edition of this manual will update the changes.

In service procedures where the title incorporates an operation number, this is a

reference to an V.S.T. (Volvo Standard Times).

Service procedures which do not include an operation number in the title are for general
information and no reference is made to an V.S.T.
Each section of this manual contains specific safety information and warnings which
must be reviewed before performing any procedure. If a printed copy of a procedure is
made, be sure to also make a printed copy of the safety information and warnings that
relate to that procedure. The following levels of observations, cautions and warnings
are used in this Service Documentation:

Note: Indicates a procedure, practice, or condition that must be followed in order to have
the vehicle or component function in the manner intended.
Caution: Indicates an unsafe practice where damage to the product could occur.

Warning: Indicates an unsafe practice where personal injury or severe damage to the
product could occur.

Danger: Indicates an unsafe practice where serious personal injury or death could occur.

Volvo Truck North America a division of Volvo Group North

America, Inc.
Greensboro, NC USA

Order number: PV776-20125618

Repl: PV776–TSP196291

© 2003 Volvo Truck North America a division of Volvo Group North America, Inc., Greensboro, NC USA

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in

retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of Volvo Truck North America a division of Volvo Group North
America, Inc.
USA27976.ihval
 Vehicle ECU ............................................................. 3

Troubleshooting ........................................................
MID 144 Vehicle Control Unit, Fault Codes ..............
MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed ................................
MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed, Check ....................
D
Contents
Specifications ........................................................... 3

Tools .......................................................................... 15
Special Tools ............................................................ 15
17
17
19
21
MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator Pedal and Engine
Brake, Sensors Supply .............................................
MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator Pedal and Engine
Brake, Sensors Supply, Check .................................
MID 144 PPID 74 VECU Power Supply ....................
MID 144 PPID 74 Power Supply EECU/VECU,
Check .......................................................................
MID 144 SID 230 Idle Validation Switch 1 ................
MID 144 SID 230 Idle Validation Switch 1, Check ....
65

66
73

74
76
77
MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator Pedal Position MID 144 SID 231 J1939 Control Link ....................... 79
(Percentage) ............................................................. 25 MID 144 SID 240 Program Memory ......................... 80
MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator Pedal Position MID 144 SID 243 Cruise Control Set Switch ............ 81
(Percentage), Check ................................................. 26 MID 144 SID 243 Cruise Control Set Switch, Check 82
MID 144 PID 150 PTO Output .................................. 30 MID 144 SID 250 J1587/J1708 Information Data
MID 144 PID 150 PTO Output, Check ...................... 31 Link ........................................................................... 86
MID 144 PID 152 VECU, Number of Resets ............ 33 MID 144 SID 253 Calibration Memory EEPROM ..... 87
MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed ..................... 34 MID 144 PSID 4 Engine Brake Stalk Lever .............. 88
MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed, Check ......... 36 MID 144 PSID 4 Engine Brake Stalk Lever, Check .. 89
MID 144 PPID 61 Engine Brake Switch ................... 40 MID 144 PSID 200 Communication Interference,
MID 144 PPID 61 Engine Brake Switch, Check ....... 41 Data Link, Engine Control Unit ................................. 93
MID 144 PPID 69 Buffered Idle Validation Switch .... 44 MID 144 PSID 202 Communication Interference,
Data Link, Instrumentation ....................................... 94
MID 144 PPID 69 Buffered Idle Validation Switch,
Check ....................................................................... 45 MID 144 PSID 204 Communication Interference,
Data Link, Brake Control Unit ................................... 95
MID 144 PPID 70 Pedal Switches, Supply ............... 47
MID 144 PSID 210 J1939 Control Data Link
MID 144 PPID 70 Pedal Switches, Supply, Check ... 48
Interruption, Lighting Control Module (LCM) ............ 96
MID 144 PPID 71 Cruise Control and Engine
MID 144 PSID 214 Data Link, Bodybuilder Control
Brake, Switch Supply ................................................ 55
Unit ........................................................................... 97
MID 144 PPID 71 Cruise Control and Engine
Brake, Switch Supply, Check .................................... 57 Operation Numbers

1
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2
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

Specifications
Vehicle ECU
Component Locations

W3005048

A17 VECU

PA Connector, PA1 - 30 (green)

PB Connector, PB1 - 30 (blue)

PC Connector (green), J1587/1708 Information Data Link, and J1939 Control Data Link

Note: See corresponding (P)PID/(P)SID for location of components.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

Description of Signals
VECU, measurement box connected between VECU and wiring harness,
connector PA
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box 9998699 and adapter 9813194
connected between VECU connector PA and wiring
harness.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Engine OFF.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.

T0008364

B+ = battery voltage

Con- Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

nection
PA1 Cruise control PA1 - PA12 0V
SET-/COAST B+ (SET- active)
PA2 Cruise control PA2 - PA12 0V
SET+/ACCEL B+ (SET+ active)
PA3 Cruise control, PA3 - PA12 0 V (OFF)
ON/OFF B+ (ON)
PA4 Fuel priming PA4 - PA12 0 V (OFF) VOLVO only
B+ (ON)
PA5 Brake pedal PA5 - PA12 B+
0 V (brake pedal depressed)
PA6 Starting switch, PA6 - PA12 0V
start position B+ (ignition key in START position)
PA7 Starting switch, PA7 - PA12 0V VOLVO only
preheating position B+ (ignition key in preheat position)
PA8 Clutch pedal PA8 - PA12 B+
0 V (clutch pedal depressed)
PA9 not used
PA10 not used
PA11 not used
PA12 Ground PA12 - ground 0V
connection, VECU
PA13 Supply voltage, PA13 - PA12 0 V (ignition key in OFF position)
control unit B+ (ignition key in DRIVE position)
PA14 Starting switch, PA14 - PA12 0 V (ignition key in OFF position)
drive position B+ (ignition key in DRIVE position)
PA15 not used
PA16 not used
PA17 not used

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

Con- Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

nection
PA18 not used
PA19 Manual fan switch PA19 - PA12 0V
B+ (manual fan switch ON)
PA20 Engine brake, PA20 - PA12 0 V (ignition key in OFF position)
switch no. 1 See “Engine Brake Variants” page
13 (ignition key in ON position)
PA21 Engine brake, PA21 - PA12 0 V (ignition key in OFF position)
switch no. 2 See “Engine Brake Variants” page
13 (ignition key in ON position)
PA22 reserved PA22 - PA12
PA23 Idle validation PA23 - PA12 0V
switch 1 B+ (accelerator pedal depressed)
PA24 Air conditioning, PA24 - PA12 0 V (no fan request from A/C)
status switch B+ (fan requested by A/C)
PA25 not used
PA26 not used
PA27 not used
PA28 not used
PA29 Power Take-Off, PA29 - PA12 0 V (switch OFF) VOLVO only
PTO switch B+ (switch ON)
PA30 Cruise control, PA30 - PA12 0 V (RESUME inactive)
RESUME B+ (RESUME active)

5
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

VECU, measurement box connected between VECU and wiring harness,

connector PB
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box 9998699 and adapter 9998533
connected between VECU connector PB and wiring
harness.
• Measurement box 9998699 and adapter 9813194
connected between VECU connector PA and wiring
harness.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Engine OFF.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.

T0008363

B+ = battery voltage

Con- Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

nection
PB1 not used
PB2 not used
PB3 Idle validation PB3 - PA12 0 V (accelerator pedal depressed) Cummins only
switch signal to 4.0 - 6.0 V (accelerator pedal at idle)
EECU (redundant)
PB4 not used
PB5 Voltage supply: PB5 - PA12 ≈ B+

• Cruise control
switch

• Engine brake
switch
PB6 Vehicle speed PB6 - PB20 0.3 - 9.5 V Measurement requires
sensor (+) that the output shaft from
the gearbox is rotating.
Measure the voltage of
the signal’s minimum and
maximum values.
PB7 not used
PB8 Accelerator pedal, PB8 - PA12 0.4 - 0.6 V (no acceleration)
position 2.6 - 3.8 V (full acceleration)
3.0 - 4.4 V (kickdown)
PB9 not used
PB10 Voltage supply: PB10 - PA12 4.7 - 5.3 V Engine brake stalk switch
- used only for Cummins
• Accelerator EBR-CBJ6
pedal sensor

• Engine brake
stalk switch
PB11 Parking brake, PB11 - PA12 B+ (parking brake released)
status 0 V (parking brake applied)
PB12 not used
PB13 not used

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

Con- Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

nection
PB14 not used
PB15 Relay voltage PB15 - PA12 B+ (ignition key in OFF position)
supply, 0 - 1 V (ignition key in DRIVE
position)
• VECU, EMS
(Volvo)

• VECU
(Cummins)

PB16 PTO output PB16 - PA12 B+ (inactive) VOLVO only

0 V (active)
PB17 Buffered idle PB17 - PA12 0V VOLVO only
validation switch B+ (accelerator pedal depressed)
PB18 not used
PB19 Voltage supply: PB19 - PA12 ≈ B+

• Pedal switches
PB20 Vehicle speed PB20 - PB6 0.3 - 9.5 V Measurement requires
sensor (-) that the output shaft from
the gearbox is rotating.
Measure the voltage of
the signal’s minimum and
maximum values.
PB21 not used
PB22 Ground connection: PB22 - PA12 0V Engine brake stalk switch
- used only for Cummins
• Accelerator EBR-CBJ6
pedal
• Engine brake
stalk switch
PB23 not used
PB24 Engine brake stalk PB24 - PA12 0.3 - 0.7 V (pos 1) Cummins ISX with
switch position 1.0 - 1.6 V (pos 2) EBR-CBJ6 only; see
sensor 1.7 - 2.5 V (pos 3) “Engine Brake Variants”
2.3 - 3.5 V (pos 4) page 13.
2.9 - 4.4 V (pos 5)
3.6 - 5.4 V (pos 6)
PB25 not used
PB26 not used
PB27 Brake pressure PB27 - PA12 B+ (brake pedal released)
switch 0 V (brake pedal depressed)
PB28 not used
PB29 not used
PB30 not used

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

VECU, measurement box connected to wiring harness, connector PA

Prerequisites:
• Measurement box 9998699 and adapter 9813194
connected to connector PB on the wiring harness.
• Measurement box 9998699 and adapter 9998533
connected to connector PA on the wiring harness.
• Ignition key in OFF position (unless otherwise stated
in the table).
• Measuring resistance using the multimeter (unless
otherwise stated in the table).

T0008365

B+ = battery voltage

Con- Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

nection
PA1 Cruise control, PA1 - PB5 ∞
SET-/COAST 0 (SET-active)
PA2 Cruise control, PA2 - PB5 ∞
SET+/ACCEL 0 (SET+ active)
PA3 Cruise control, PA3 - PB5 ∞ (OFF)
ON/OFF 0 (ON)
PA4 Fuel priming switch PA4 - PA12 ∞ (OFF) VOLVO only
0 (ON)
PA5 Brake pedal PA5 - PB19 0
∞ (brake pedal depressed)
PA6 Starting switch, PA6 - PA12 0 V (ignition key in DRIVE position) Measure voltage using
start position B+ (ignition key in START position) multimeter.
PA7 Starting switch, PA7 - PA12 0 V (ignition key in DRIVE position) VOLVO only; measure
preheating position B+ (ignition key in preheat position) voltage using multimeter.
(II 1/2)
PA8 Clutch pedal PA8 - PB19 0
∞ (clutch pedal depressed)
PA9 not used
PA10 not used
PA11 not used
PA12 Ground PA12 - ground 0
connection, VECU
PA13 Supply voltage, PA13 - PA12 0V Measure voltage using
VECU B+ (Connect PB15 to ground) multimeter.
PA14 Starting switch, PA14 - PA12 0V Measure voltage using
drive position B+ (ignition key in DRIVE position) multimeter.
PA15 not used
PA16 not used
PA17 not used
PA18 not used

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

Con- Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

nection
PA19 Manual fan switch PA19 - PA12 0V
B+ (manual fan switch ON)
PA20 Exhaust brake, PA20 - PB5 ∞ See “Engine Brake Variants”
switch VCB / 0 (switch, exhaust brake in page 13.
retarder, switch position 2 (VCB) or switch retarder,
SET+ SET+ active)
PA21 Exhaust brake, PA21 - PB5 ∞ See “Engine Brake Variants”
switch EPG / 0 (switch, exhaust brake in page 13.
retarder, switch position 1 (EPG) or switch retarder,
SET- SET-active)
PA22 reserved
PA23 Idle validation PA23 - PB19 ∞
switch 1 20 - 90 (accelerator pedal
depressed)
PA24 Air conditioning, PA24 - PA12 0 (no fan request from A/C)
status switch > 100 k (fan requested by A/C)
PA25 not used
PA26 not used
PA27 not used
PA28 not used
PA29 Power Take-Off, PA29 - PA12 0 V (switch OFF) VOLVO only
PTO switch B+ (switch ON)
PA30 Cruise control, PA30 - PB5 ∞
RESUME 0 (RESUME active)

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

VECU, measurement box connected to wiring harness, connector PB

Prerequisites:
• Measurement box 9998699 and adapter 9998533
connected to connector PB on the wiring harness.
• Measurement box 9998699 and adapter 9813194
connected to connector PA on the wiring harness.
• Ignition key in OFF position (unless otherwise stated
in the table).
• Measure resistance using multimeter (unless otherwise
stated in the table).

T0008365

B+ = battery voltage

Connec Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

-
tion
PB1 not used
PB2 not used
PB3 Idle validation Cummins only; no relevant
switch signal to measurement.
EECU (redundant)
PB4 not used
PB5 Voltage supply:
1 PB5 - PA1 1 ∞
• Switch cruise
2 PB5 - PA2
0 (SET-active)
control 2 ∞
• Switch exhaust
3 PB5 - PA3
0 (SET+ active)
brake/retarder 3 ∞ (OFF)
(SET+/-) 4 PB5 - PA20 0 (ON)
4 See “Engine Brake Variants”
5 PB5 - PA21 page 13
5 See “Engine Brake Variants”
6 PB5 - PA30 page 13
6 ∞
0 (RESUME active)

PB6 Vehicle speed PB6 - PB20 2.0 - 4.0 k (magnetic VSS) Verify VSS installed; with auto trans
sensor (Autoshift, Lightning, Freedom Line),
VECU might receive VSS info over
datalink instead.

PB7 not used

PB8 Accelerator pedal, PB8 - PB22¹ 1.0 - 2.0 k (no acceleration)
position
PB9 not used

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

Connec Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

-
tion
PB10 Voltage supply: PB10 - PB22 Measurement at accelerator See “Engine Brake Variants”
pedal¹: page 13.
• Accelerator 3.2 - 4.8 k
pedal sensor Measurement at engine brake
• Engine brake stalk switch²:
stalk switch 1.7 - 2.5 k (pos 1)
1.3 - 2.0 k (pos 2)
1.1 - 1.7 k (pos 3)
0.9 - 1.4 k (pos 4)
0.8 - 1.2 k (pos 5)
0.7 - 1.1 k (pos 6)
PB11 Parking brake, PB11 - PA12 ∞ (parking brake released)
status 0 (parking brake applied)
PB12 not used
PB13 not used
PB14 not used
PB15 Relay, voltage PB15 - PA12 B+ Ignition key in DRIVE position
supply 0 V (ground PB15, and listen for
relay clicking sound)
• VECU, EMS
(VOLVO)

• VECU,
(Cummins)
PB16 PTO output PB16 - PA12 Ignition key in DRIVE position, VOLVO only
switch PTO active, connect PB 16
to ground, listen for clicking sound
from solenoid valve
PB17 Buffered idle PB17 - PA12 2.3 - 3.5 k VOLVO only
validation switch
PB18 not used
PB19 Voltage supply:
1 PB19 - PA5 1 0
• Pedal switches ∞ (brake pedal depressed)
2 PB19 - PA8 2 0
∞ (clutch pedal depressed)
3 PB19 - PA23
3 ∞
20 - 90 (accelerator pedal
depressed)
PB20 Vehicle speed PB20 - PB6 2.0 - 4.0 k (magnetic VSS) Verify VSS installed; with auto trans
sensor (-) (Autoshift, Lightning, Freedom Line),
VECU might receive VSS info over
datalink instead.

PB21 not used

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

Connec Signal type Measuring points Expected value Other

-
tion
PB22 Ground See “Engine Brake Variants”
connection: 1 PB22 - PB8¹ 1 1.0 - 2.0 k (no acceleration) page 13
2 Measurement at accelerator
2 PB22 - PB10
• Accelerator pedal¹:
pedal 3.2 - 4.8 k
• Engine brake Measurement at engine brake
stalk switch stalk switch²:
position sensor 1.7 - 2.5 k (pos 1)
(Cummins ISX) 1.3 - 2.0 k (pos 2)
1.1 - 1.7 k (pos 3)
0.9 - 1.4 k (pos 4)
0.8 - 1.2 k (pos 5)
0.7 - 1.1 k (pos 6)
PB23 not used
PB24 Engine brake stalk PB24 - PB22² 1.0 - 1.4 k (pos 1) Cummins EBR-CBJ6 only
switch position 0.9 - 1.3 k (pos 2)
sensor 0.8 - 1.2 k (pos 3)
0.8 - 1.1 k (pos 4)
0.7 - 1.1 k (pos 5)
0.7 - 1.0 k (pos 6)
PB25 not used
PB26 not used
PB27 Brake pressure PB27 - PA12 3.5 V - B+ (brake pedal released) Measure voltage using
switch 0 V (brake pedal depressed) multimeter.
PB28 not used
PB29 not used
PB30 not used

Table Notes
1 Connector to engine brake stalk switch disconnected.
2 Connector to accelerator pedal disconnected.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Specifications

Engine Brake Variants

Voltage Voltage Resistance
Resistance Resistance % EBR “Notes”
Switch Stalk (A) (A) Voltage (A) (B)
EBR Variant (B) (B) (Parameter page
Pos Pos PA20 - PA21 - PB24 - PA12 PB24 - PB22
PA20 - PB5 PA21 - PB5 Code) 13
PA12 PA12 (1)

D12D OFF 0 V 0 V ∞
∞

(EBR-EPG) ON
n/a
0 V B+
n/a
∞
0
n/a n/a

OFF 0 V 0 V ∞
∞

∞
0

D12D
LOW n/a 0 V B+ n/a n/a n/a
0
0

(EBR-VEB)
HIGH B+ B+

ISL/ISC OFF 0 V 0 V ∞
∞
0 (ATC)
∞
0

n/a n/a n/a (2)

(EBR-EXH) ON 0 V B+ 100 (ATD)

OFF 0 V 0 V ∞
∞
0 (ATC)
∞
0

ISL
LOW n/a 0 V B+ n/a n/a 50 (ATD) (2)
0
∞

(EBR-CBJ2)
HIGH B+ 0 V 100 (ATE)

OFF 0 V 0 V ∞
∞
0 (ATC)
ISX LOW B+ 0 V 0
∞
33 (ATE)
∞
0

n/a n/a n/a (2)

(EBR-CBJ3) MED 0 V B+ 66 (ATD)
HIGH B+ B+ 0
0
100 (ATF)

OFF ANY 0 V — ∞
— 0
ISX ON 1 B+ 0.3 - 0.7 V 0
1.0 - 1.4 k
17 (ATC)
(EBR- ON 2 B+ 1.0 - 1.6 V 0
0.9 - 1.3 k
33 (ATD)
CBJ6; with ON 3 B+ n/a 1.7 - 2.5 V 0
n/a 0.8 - 1.2 k
50 (ATE) (2) (3)
6-position ON 4 B+ 2.3 - 3.5 V 0
0.8 - 1.1 k
67 (ATF)
stalk lever) ON 5 B+ 2.9 - 4.4 V 0
0.7 - 1.1 k
83 (ATG)
ON 6 B+ 3.6 - 5.4 V 0
0.7 - 1.0 k
100 (ATH)

Notes
(A) Voltage measurements (VECU connected)
(B) Resistance measurements (VECU disconnected)
(1) Connector to accelerator pedal disconnected
(2) Parameter codes ATC through ATH
correspond to parameter names
CUMMINS_engine brake_SWITCH_POS1
through _POS6, and are used by the VECU to
relate engine brake switch input(s) to the requested
engine brake % sent to the engine. These are Level
3 Programmable by the customer using VCADS Pro
(with network connection).
(3) EBR function is 0% whenever ON/OFF switch is
OFF. When ON/OFF switch is ON, EBR function % is
determined by stalk position.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Tools

Tools
Special Tools
The following special tools are used to carry out fault tracing of components. For
ordering instructions for special tools, refer to tool information, group 08.

9990014 9990020 9990062

62-pin cable adapter Cruise control switch adapter Extension cable (for 9990014)

9998533
9990151 9998534
Adapter between VECU, connector PB,
Adapter, vehicle speed sensor Adapter for DIN connector
and measurement box

9990008 9998699 9998604

Set of testpins Measurement box 62-unit Adapter

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Tools

J41133
Accelerator pedal switch

Overlay Part Numbers

85104406 85104407 85104409

Overlay (used with adapter 9998533) Overlay (used with adapter 9813194) Overlay (used with adapter 9998604)

Other Special Equipment

9813194
J39200
Adapter between VECU, connector PA,
Multimeter
and measurement box 9998699

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting
MID 144 Vehicle Control Unit, Fault Codes
MID: SID:
Message Identification Description (identification of Subsystem Identification Description (identification of
control unit). component).
PID: PSID:
Parameter Identification Description (identification of Proprietary Subsystem Identification Description (Volvo
parameter (value)). unique identification of component).

PPID: FMI:
Proprietary Parameter Identification Description (Volvo Failure Mode Identifier (identification of error type).
unique identification of parameter (value)).

Fault code Component FMI Section

MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle speed 2, 5, 6 “MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed” page 19
MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator pedal, percentage position 3, 4 “MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator Pedal Position
(Percentage)” page 25
MID 144 PID 150 PTO output (Volvo only) 4 “MID 144 PID 150 PTO Output” page 30
MID 144 PID 152 VECU, number of resets 12 “MID 144 PID 152 VECU, Number of Resets”
page 33
MID 144 PID 191 Output shaft speed 2, 5, 6 “MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed” page
34
MID 144 PPID 61 Retarder switches (Volvo only) 7 “MID 144 PPID 61 Engine Brake Switch” page
40
MID 144 PPID 69 Buffered idle validation switch (Volvo 4 “MID 144 PPID 69 Buffered Idle Validation
only) Switch” page 44
MID 144 PPID 70 Pedal switches, supply 4 “MID 144 PPID 70 Pedal Switches, Supply”
page 47
MID 144 PPID 71 Cruise control and engine brake, switch 4 “MID 144 PPID 71 Cruise Control and Engine
supply Brake, Switch Supply” page 55
MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator pedal and engine brake, 3, 4 “MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator Pedal and
sensors supply Engine Brake, Sensors Supply” page 65
MID 144 PPID 74 VECU power supply 3, 4 “MID 144 PPID 74 VECU Power Supply” page
73
MID 144 SID 230 Idle validation switch 1 7 “MID 144 SID 230 Idle Validation Switch 1”
page 76
MID 144 SID 231 Control link SAE J1939 2 “MID 144 SID 231 J1939 Control Link” page 79
MID 144 SID 240 Program memory 2 “MID 144 SID 240 Program Memory” page 80
MID 144 SID 243 Cruise control, set switch 7 “MID 144 SID 243 Cruise Control Set Switch”
page 81
MID 144 SID 250 Information link SAE J1708 2 “MID 144 SID 250 J1587/J1708 Information
Data Link” page 86
MID 144 SID 253 Calibration memory EEPROM 2, 13 “MID 144 SID 253 Calibration Memory
EEPROM” page 87
MID 144 PSID 4 Engine brake stalk lever (Cummins 3, 4 “MID 144 PSID 4 Engine Brake Stalk Lever”
EBR-CBJ6 only) page 88

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Fault code Component FMI Section

MID 144 PSID 200 Engine timeout 9 “MID 144 PSID 200 Communication
Interference, Data Link, Engine Control Unit”
page 93
MID 144 PSID 202 Instrument timeout 9 “MID 144 PSID 202 Communication
Interference, Data Link, Instrumentation” page
94
MID 144 PSID 204 ABS/EBS timeout 9 “MID 144 PSID 204 Communication
Interference, Data Link, Brake Control Unit”
page 95
MID 144 PSID 210 LCM timeout 9 “MID 144 PSID 210 J1939 Control Data Link
Interruption, Lighting Control Module (LCM)”
page 96
MID 144 PSID 214 BBM timeout (VOLVO only, vehicles 9 “MID 144 PSID 214 Data Link, Bodybuilder
equipped with BBM) Control Unit” page 97

FMI Table
SAE standard
FMI Display text SAE text
0 Value too high Data valid, but above normal operating range.
1 Value too low Data valid, but under normal operating range
2 Incorrect data Intermittent or incorrect data.
3 Electrical faults Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage.
4 Electrical faults Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage.
5 Electrical faults Abnormally low current or open circuit.
6 Electrical faults Abnormally high current or short circuit to ground.
7 Mechanical fault Incorrect response from mechanical system.
8 Mech. or electrical faults Abnormal frequency.
9 Communication fault Abnormal updating rate.
10 Mech. or electrical faults Abnormally large variations.
11 Unknown fault Unidentifiable error.
12 Component fault Faulty unit or component.
13 Incorrect calibration Calibration values outside the limits.
14 Unknown fault Special instructions.
15 Unknown fault Reserved for future use.

18
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed

W3006058

W3006059

General
The Vehicle Speed Signal arrives at the VECU from one
of three sources, depending on vehicle / transmission
configuration:

• Eaton-type Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)

• Automated Transmission without extra sensor
• Allison Transmission

In all cases, the origin of the Vehicle Speed Signal

is a VSS sensor in the output shaft (tailshaft) of the
transmission.

Component: A17, VECU; B68 speedometer sensor.

19
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Fault code
FMI 2 Reaction from the VECU:
Intermittent or incorrect data.
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Conditions for fault code:
Noticeable external symptom:
• The VECU can receive vehicle speed information
over the J1939 Control Data Link from certain
transmissions. This FMI will occur if the VECU is
• No vehicle speed on gauge.

expecting such data but does not receive it. • No PTO.

Note: First read and correct fault codes from the • No cruise control.
transmission ECU, if applicable.
Action:
Possible cause:
• Fault in wiring harness, control link. • “MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed, Check” page 21.
• Fault in vehicle speed sensor or VSS wiring to FMI 6
transmission ECU. Abnormally high current or short circuit.
Reaction from VECU: Conditions for fault code:
• Fault code is set. • If the VECU registers a current higher than 140 µA
• Yellow lamp is requested. on any of the signal wires from the speed sensor, the
VECU interprets this as a fault and a fault code is set.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up. Possible cause:
• No vehicle speed in gauge.
• No PTO or cruise control. • Signal wire short-circuited to higher voltage.

Action: • Signal wire short-circuited to ground.

• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service • Signal wires short-circuited to each other.
Information, group 37.
• “MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed, Check” page 21. • Fault in sensor.
FMI 5 Reaction from the VECU:
Abnormally low current or open circuit.
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Conditions for fault code:
Noticeable external symptom:
• If the VECU registers a current lower than 90 µA on
any of the signal wires from the speed sensor the • No vehicle speed on gauge.
VECU interprets this as a fault and a fault code is set.
Possible cause:
• No PTO.

• No cruise control.
• Poor contact, sensor connection.
Action:
• Switch resistance and oxidation.
• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
• Break, signal wire. Information, group 37.

• Fault in sensor. • “MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed, Check” page 21.

20
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-08
MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed, Check
Special tools: 9990151, 9998533, 9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU,
speedometer, and brake control unit.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for closely examining the
component’s function:

• “Cruise control switch, test”

The test allows you to read the speed signal from the
VECU.

Determination of Vehicle Speed

Sensor Configuration
The appropriate check of the system will depend on the
configuration of the Vehicle Speed sensor and circuits.
Use the following information to determine which system
the vehicle has:

• Eaton-Type Vehicle Speed Sensor

Use this check whenever FMI 5 or 6 is present.
This type of Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) will be
found on the tailshaft of manual transmissions.
It may also be found on some automated
transmissions (Eaton Autoshift, Eaton Lightning)
when two VSS are present in the tailshaft - one
VSS will be wired directly to the Transmission
ECU, the other will be wired to the VECU
(circuits 550/551).

• Automated Transmission without Extra Sensor

If only one VSS is found on an automated
transmission (Eaton Autoshift, Eaton Lightning)
the VECU is receiving Outputshaft Speed
information from the Transmission ECU over
the J1939 datalink.
All Meritor / ZF FreedomLine transmissions fall
into this category.

• Allison Transmission
Use this section if the vehicle is equipped with an
Allison MD or HD transmission.

21
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

• Eaton-type Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)

For this type of VSS, 3 checks can be performed:

1 Prerequisites:

• Ignition key in OFF position.

• Measurement box inserted at VECU
(disconnected at VECU side).
• Vehicle Speed Sensor at transmission connected.
• Measure resistance, harness side of PB6 – PB20,
“looking toward” VSS.
•
Measuring points Expected value
PB6 - PB20 2.0 - 4.0 k

2 Prerequisites:

• Ignition key in OFF position.

• Measurement box inserted at VECU
(disconnected at VECU side).
• Vehicle Speed Sensor at transmission
disconnected.
• Make sure PB6 and PB20 are not shorted to
ground, power, or each other.
•
Measuring points Expected value
PB6 - PB20 OL
PB6 - ground OL
PB20 - ground OL

3 Prerequisites:

• Ignition key in ON position.

• Measurement box inserted at VECU (connected
at VECU).
• Vehicle Speed Sensor at transmission connected.
• Vehicle must be stationary.
• Measure voltage across PB6 – PB20.

Measuring points Expected value

PB6 - PB20 1.25 - 1.75 Vdc (average)
varying between approx. 1.0 and 2.0 V

22
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

• Automated Transmission without Extra Sensor

1 If two Vehicle Speed Sensors (VSS) are present
in the transmission’s tailshaft and the PID 84
fault code set by the VECU is FMI 5 or 6, use
the troubleshooting for the Eaton-type Vehicle
Speed Sensor (above).

2 If only one VSS is present in the tailshaft (or if

none are visible, as is the case with the Meritor /
ZF FreedomLine), then the VECU is receiving its
information over the J1939 Control Data Link.
Another way to tell that the VECU is receiving the
information over the Data Link is by the FMI that
the VECU is using. For example, if the fault code
is PID 84 FMI 2, this indicates that the VECU is
expecting the data over the J1939 Control Data
Link but is not receiving it.

3 In these cases, troubleshoot any fault codes in the

transmission ECU first. If the trouble remains,
refer to troubleshooting information for the SAE
J1939 Control Data Link, group 37.

• Allison Transmission
1 The Vehicle Speed information from Allison
Transmissions can be obtained one of two ways:

• A hardwire connection from the Allison ECU

(Black connector, pin 30, circuit A215) to
the VECU (PB6, circuit 550). This signal
is a square-wave reproduction of the VSS
located in the Allison’s tailshaft.

• Over the J1939 Control Data Link. (NOTE:

even if obtaining the information over the
Data Link, the hardwire connection may
still be in place.)
In either case, troubleshoot any fault codes in the
Allison transmission ECU first.

2 If the PID 84 fault code in the VECU is FMI 2, this

indicates that the VECU is configured to receive
the VSS information over the J1939 Control
Data Link. If the problem remains, refer to
troubleshooting information for the SAE J1939
Control Data Link, group 37.

3 If FMI 2 is not indicated, or there are no fault codes

present in the VECU but a speed-related problem
still exists, troubleshoot the hardwire connection
between the Allison Transmission ECU and the
VECU. Refer to Service Information, group 37.

23
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of Component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

• Eaton-Type Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)

For the Eaton-type VSS, one check can be performed

at the VSS:
Prerequisites:
• Vehicle Speed Sensor at transmission disconnected.
• Measure resistance of sensor using tool 9990151.

Measuring points Expected value

A-B 2.0 - 4.0 k

• Automated Transmission without Extra Sensor

No relevant measurements; refer to the appropriate

service literature for the transmission manufacturer.

• Allison Transmission

No relevant measurements; refer to the appropriate

service literature for the transmission manufacturer.

Verification
Using the PC tool, check that the fault has been corrected
(see “Tests Using PC Tool” page 21).

24
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator Pedal Position (Percentage)

W3005049

W3005530

General Information
Component: B25 sensor, accelerator pedal; A17, VECU

Fault Codes
FMI 3 FMI 4
Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage. Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage.
Conditions for fault code: Conditions for fault code:
• If the VECU receives a signal from the sensor that is • If the VECU receives a signal from the sensor that is
higher than 4.3 V, the control unit interprets this as a lower than 0.4 V, the control unit interprets this as a
fault and a fault code is set. fault and a fault code is set.

Possible cause: Possible cause:

• Open circuit, ground cable. • Open circuit, supply cable.
• Signal wire short-circuited to higher voltage. • Open circuit, signal cable.
• Faulty sensor. • Signal wire short-circuited to ground.
• Idle switch 1 faulty. • Faulty sensor.
• Switch resistance and oxidation. • Switch resistance and oxidation.
Reaction from VECU: Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set. • Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested. • Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom: Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up. • Yellow lamp lights up.
• Engine/system does not respond to full acceleration. • Engine/system does not respond to full acceleration.
Action: Action:
• “MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator Pedal Position • “MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator Pedal Position
(Percentage), Check” page 26. (Percentage), Check” page 26.

25
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-09
MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator Pedal Position (Percentage), Check
Special tools: 9998533, J39192, J41133,
9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.

• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and

oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful to check component
function:

• Accelerator pedal switches and sensors, test

• MID 144, pinout test
Measurement at the component’s
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Ground wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected (if
equipped).
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
E - alt ground 0

J41133
J39200

26
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Supply wire
2
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected (if
equipped).
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
A-E 4.3 - 6.5 V

J41133
J39200

Signal wire
3
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected (if
equipped).
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
B-E 80 - 120 k

J41133
J39200

Wiring harness
4
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

27
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

Accelerator pedal sensor

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
accelerator pedal sensor.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at the accelerator pedal sensor.
Measuring points Expected value
A-E 3.2 - 4.8 k
A-B 1.0 - 2.0 k (no acceleration)

J41133
J39200

Check of subsystem
Ground wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB (blue) and wiring harness.
• Measuring the resistance using the multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB22 - ground 0

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

28
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Supply wire
2
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB (blue) and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB10 - PB22 4-6V

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

Signal wire
3
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB (blue) and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB8 - PB22 0.4 - 0.6V (no acceleration)
2.6 - 3.8 V (full acceleration)

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

Verification
Using the PC tool, check that the fault has been corrected
(see “Tests Using PC Tool” page 26).

29
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PID 150 PTO Output

(Volvo engines only)

W3005531

W3005549

General Information
Note: Parameters are set by bodybuilders in aftermarket.

Component: A17, VECU; K07 relay, PTO; S28 dash

switch, PTO; Y18A solenoid, PTO.

Fault code
FMI 4 • Faulty relay.
Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage. • Switch resistance and oxidation.
Conditions for fault code: Reaction from VECU:
• If the VECU registers a voltage lower than 2.3 V when • Fault code is set.
the function is inactive, the control unit interprets this • Yellow lamp is requested.
as a fault and a fault code is set.
Noticeable external symptom:
Possible cause: • Yellow lamp lights up.
• Open circuit, supply cable forward to relay. Action:
• Cable between relay and control unit short-circuited to
ground. • “MID 144 PID 150 PTO Output, Check” page 31.
• Open circuit, cable between relay and control unit.

30
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-01
MID 144 PID 150 PTO Output, Check
(Volvo engines only)
Special tools: 9998533, 9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.

• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and

oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Ground wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to relay K07 removed.
• Adapter connected to the VECU.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
PB16 - ground 3.4 M

998533
, 9998699
J39200

Wiring harness
2
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

31
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

Relay
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Switch PTO active.
• Check of the solenoid valve.
Earth Checks
PB16 - ground Listen for sound from the relay

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

Check of subsystem
Ground wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Switch PTO active.
Measuring points Expected value
PB16 - PB19 B+ (relay inactive)
0 V (relay active)

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

32
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PID 152 VECU, Number of Resets

W3005048

General Information
The software in the VECU contains an internal checking
function that restarts the control unit when there is a
fault in the execution of the software. PID 152 contains
information about how many such restarts that have been
made.

Component: A17, VECU.

Fault code
FMI 12
Faulty unit or component.
Conditions for fault code:
• If an internal software fault occurs an info code is set.
Possible cause:
• The system has been restarted due to an internal
software fault.

Reaction from VECU:

• Fault code is set.
• The system is restarted.

33
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed

W3006058

W3006059

General
The Output Shaft Speed Signal arrives at the VECU from
one of three sources, depending on vehicle / transmission
configuration:

• Eaton-type Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)

• Automated Transmission without extra sensor
• Allison Transmission

In all cases, the origin of the Output Shaft Speed Signal

is a VSS sensor in the output shaft (tailshaft) of the
transmission.

Component: A17, VECU; B68 speedometer sensor.

34
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Fault code
FMI 2 • Yellow lamp lights up.
Intermittent or incorrect data.
Noticeable external symptom:
Conditions for fault code:
• The VECU can receive vehicle speed information • No vehicle speed on gauge.
over the J1939 Control Data Link from certain
transmissions. This FMI will occur if the VECU is
• No PTO.
expecting such data but does not receive it. • No cruise control.
Note: First read and correct fault codes from the Action:
transmission ECU, if applicable.
Possible cause: • “MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed, Check” page
36.
• Fault in wiring harness, control link.
• Fault in vehicle speed sensor or VSS wiring to FMI 6
transmission ECU. Abnormally high current or short circuit.
Reaction from VECU: Conditions for fault code:
• Fault code is set. • If the VECU registers a current higher than 140 µA
• Yellow lamp is requested. on any of the signal wires from the speed sensor, the
Noticeable external symptom: VECU interprets this as a fault and a fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp lights up. Possible cause:
• No vehicle speed in gauge.
• No PTO or cruise control. • Signal wire short-circuited to higher voltage.
Action: • Signal wire short-circuited to ground.
• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37. • Signal wires short-circuited to each other.
• “MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed, Check” page
36. • Fault in sensor.

FMI 5 Reaction from the VECU:

Abnormally low current or open circuit. • Yellow lamp lights up.
Conditions for fault code: Noticeable external symptom:
• If the VECU registers a current lower than 90 µA on
any of the signal wires from the speed sensor the • No vehicle speed on gauge.
VECU interprets this as a fault and a fault code is set.
• No PTO.
Possible cause:
• No cruise control.
• Poor contact, sensor connection.
Action:
• Switch resistance and oxidation.

• Break, signal wire. • Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37.
• Fault in sensor.
• “MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed, Check” page
Reaction from the VECU: 36.

35
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-28
MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed, Check
Special tools: 9990151, 9998533, 9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU,
speedometer, and brake control unit.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for closely examining the
component’s function:

• “Cruise control switch, test”

The test allows you to read the speed signal from the
VECU.

Determination of Output Shaft

Speed Sensor Configuration
The appropriate check of the system will depend on the
configuration of the Vehicle Speed sensor and circuits.
Use the following information to determine which system
the vehicle has:

• Eaton-Type Vehicle Speed Sensor

Use this check whenever FMI 5 or 6 is present.
This type of Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) will be
found on the tailshaft of manual transmissions.
It may also be found on some automated
transmissions (Eaton Autoshift, Eaton Lightning)
when two VSS are present in the tailshaft - one
VSS will be wired directly to the Transmission
ECU, the other will be wired to the VECU
(circuits 550/551).

• Automated Transmission without Extra Sensor

If only one VSS is found on an automated
transmission (Eaton Autoshift, Eaton Lightning)
the VECU is receiving Outputshaft Speed
information from the Transmission ECU over
the J1939 datalink.
All Meritor / ZF FreedomLine transmissions fall
into this category.

• Allison Transmission
Use this section if the vehicle is equipped with an
Allison MD or HD transmission.

36
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

• Eaton-type Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)

For this type of VSS, 3 checks can be performed:

1 Prerequisites:

• Ignition key in OFF position.

• Measurement box inserted at VECU
(disconnected at VECU side).
• Vehicle Speed Sensor at transmission connected.
• Measure resistance, harness side of PB6 – PB20,
“looking toward” VSS.
•
Measuring points Expected value
PB6 - PB20 2.0 - 4.0 k

2 Prerequisites:

• Ignition key in OFF position.

• Measurement box inserted at VECU
(disconnected at VECU side).
• Vehicle Speed Sensor at transmission
disconnected.
• Make sure PB6 and PB20 are not shorted to
ground, power, or each other.
•
Measuring points Expected value
PB6 - PB20 OL
PB6 - ground OL
PB20 - ground OL

3 Prerequisites:

• Ignition key in ON position.

• Measurement box inserted at VECU (connected
at VECU).
• Vehicle Speed Sensor at transmission connected.
• Vehicle must be stationary.
• Measure voltage across PB6 – PB20.

Measuring points Expected value

PB6 - PB20 1.25 - 1.75 Vdc (average)
varying between approx. 1.0 and 2.0 V

37
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

• Automated Transmission without Extra Sensor

1 If two Vehicle Speed Sensors (VSS) are present
in the transmission’s tailshaft and the PID 191
fault code set by the VECU is FMI 5 or 6, use
the troubleshooting for the Eaton-type Vehicle
Speed Sensor (above).

2 If only one VSS is present in the tailshaft (or if

none are visible, as is the case with the Meritor /
ZF FreedomLine), then the VECU is receiving its
information over the J1939 Control Data Link.
Another way to tell that the VECU is receiving the
information over the Data Link is by the FMI that
the VECU is using - if the fault code is PID 191
FMI 2, this indicates that the VECU is expecting
the data over the J1939 Control Data Link but
is not receiving it.

3 In these cases, troubleshoot any fault codes in the

transmission ECU first. If the trouble remains,
refer to troubleshooting information for the SAE
J1939 Control Data Link, group 37.

• Allison Transmission
1 The Output Shaft Speed information from Allison
Transmissions will be obtained one of two ways:

• A hardwire connection from the Allison ECU

(Black connector, pin 30, circuit A215) to
the VECU (PB6, circuit 550). This signal
is a square-wave reproduction of the VSS
located in the Allison’s tailshaft.

• Over the J1939 Control Data Link. (NOTE:

even if obtaining the information over the
Data Link, the hardwire connection may
still be in place.)
In either case, troubleshoot any fault codes in the
Allison transmission ECU first.

2 If the PID 191 fault code in the VECU is FMI 2,

this indicates that the VECU is configured to
receive the VSS information over the J1939
Control Data Link. If the problem remains, refer to
troubleshooting information for the SAE J1939
Control Data Link, group 37.

3 If FMI 2 is not indicated, or there are no fault codes

present in the VECU but a speed-related problem
still exists, troubleshoot the hardwire connection
between the Allison Transmission ECU and the
VECU. Refer to Service Information, group 37.

38
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of Component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

• Eaton-Type Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)

For the Eaton-type VSS, one check can be performed

at the VSS:
Prerequisites:
• Vehicle Speed Sensor at transmission disconnected.
• Measure resistance of sensor using tool 9990151.

Measuring points Expected value

A-B 2.0 - 4.0 k

• Automated Transmission without Extra Sensor

No relevant measurements; refer to the appropriate

service literature for the transmission manufacturer.

• Allison Transmission

No relevant measurements; refer to the appropriate

service literature for the transmission manufacturer.

Verification
Using the PC tool, check that the fault has been corrected
(see “Tests Using PC Tool” page 21).

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PPID 61 Engine Brake Switch

(Volvo engines only)

W3005532

W3005545

General Information
Component: A17, VECU; S07, engine brake switch,
selector type.

EPG 2-position Volvo Engine Brake

(OFF/ON)
VEB 3-position Volvo Engine Brake
(OFF/50%/100%)

Fault code
FMI 7
Incorrect response from mecanical system.
Conditions for fault code:
• If the VECU receives signals for PA20 active and PA21
inactive at the same time, the control unit will interpret
it as a fault and a fault code will be set.

Possible cause:
• Faulty switch.
• Fault in wiring harness.
Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Engine brake cannot be activated.
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• “MID 144 PPID 61 Engine Brake Switch, Check” page
41.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-04
MID 144 PPID 61 Engine Brake Switch, Check
Special tools: 9990008, 9998699
Other special equipment: 9813194, J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for checking component
function:

• Exhaust brake function, test

• MID 144, pinout test
Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Signal wire, engine brake switch

1
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with Volvo Engine Brake.
Prerequisites:
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
5 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (VCB)
6 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (EPG)

9990008
J39200

Wiring harness
2
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the component should also be made before
connecting a new component.

Check of engine brake switch

1
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with Volvo Engine Brake (EBR-VEB).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to switch, for engine brake disconnected.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at switch for engine brake.
Measuring points Expected value
1-6 ∞ (EPG inactive)
0 (EPG active)
0 (VCB active, if the vehicle is equipped with VCB)
1-5 ∞ (VCB and EPG inactive, if the vehicle is equipped
with VCB)
0 (VCB active, if the vehicle is equipped with VCB)

9990008
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of subsystem
Signal wire, engine brake switch
1
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with Volvo Engine Brake (EBR-VEB).
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PA21 - PA12 0 V (EPG inactive)
B+ (EPG active)
B+ (VCB active, if the vehicle is equipped with VCB)
PA20 - PA12 0 V (VCB and EPG inactive, if the vehicle is equipped with
VCB)
B+ (VCB active, if the vehicle is equipped with VCB)

9998699
, 9813194
J39200

Verification
Using the PC tool, check that the fault has been corrected
(see “Tests Using PC Tool” page 41).

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PPID 69 Buffered Idle Validation Switch

(Volvo engines only)

W3005546

W3005533

General Information
The function is used to be able to drive the vehicle at
increased idling speed if a fault has occurred in the data
links to the engine ECU.

Component: A14, EECU; A17, VECU.

Fault code
FMI 4
Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage.
Conditions for fault code:
• If the output signal from the buffered idle validation
switch deviates from the input signal from idle switch
1, the control unit interprets this as a fault and a fault
code is set.

Note: The fault code is set first when the accelerator

pedal is depressed.

Possible cause:
• Signal cable short-circuited to ground.
Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• “MID 144 PPID 69 Buffered Idle Validation Switch,
Check” page 45.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-10
MID 144 PPID 69 Buffered Idle Validation Switch, Check
(Volvo engines only)
Special tools: 9990014, 9990062, 9998533,
9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Signal cable
1
Prerequisites:
• EECU’s connector disconnected.
• Measurement box connected to the VECU.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement at the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
EB15 - ground 0 V (no acceleration)
B+ (full acceleration)

9990014
, 9990062
J39200

Wiring harness
2
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

Buffered idle validation switch

1
Prerequisites:
• EECU connector disconnected.
• Measurement box connected to the EECU.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at the EECU.
Measuring points Expected value
EB15 - EB59 2.3 - 3.5 k

9990014
, 9990062
J39200

Check of subsystem
Note: If measurement box 9990014 (with adapter
9990062) is already connected to connector EB at the
EECU, the check can more simply be carried out from
here. Connect the measurement box between EECU
connector EB and wiring harness. Connect a multimeter
to the measurement box and measure the voltage (EB4 -
EB9). See the expected values below.

Signal cable
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB17 - PB22 0 V (no acceleration)
B+ (full acceleration)

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PPID 70 Pedal Switches, Supply

W3005146

W3005534

General Information
Voltage supply to pedal switches.

Note: If vehicle is not equipped with a clutch pedal, clutch

switch (S58) may be replaced with a jumper wire from
the factory. Leave jumper wire in place and perform
troubleshooting on circuit as if clutch switch were installed
(with switch closed).

Component: A17, VECU; S58, position switch, clutch

pedal; S59, position switch, brake pedal; B25, sensor,
accelerator pedal.

Fault code
FMI 4
Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to ground.
Conditions for fault code:
• If the VECU registers a voltage lower than 3.0 V on the
supply cable, the control unit interprets this as a fault
and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Supply wire short-circuited to ground.
• Signal wire for idle switch 1 short-circuited to ground.
• Signal wire for brake switch short-circuited to ground.
• Signal wire for clutch switch (if the vehicle is equipped
with clutch pedal) short-circuited to ground.
• Faulty switch.
Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• “MID 144 PPID 70 Pedal Switches, Supply, Check”
page 48.

47
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-11
MID 144 PPID 70 Pedal Switches, Supply, Check
Special tools: J41133, 9998533, 9990008,
9998699
Other special equipment: 9813194, J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.

• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and

oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for closely examining the
component’s function:

• Accelerator pedal switches and sensors, test

• Cruise control switch, test
• MID 144, pinout test

Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Supply wire, idle validation switch 1

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Adapter connected to accelerator pedal.
• The following other pedal connectors disconnected:
• Brake pedal switch (two sockets).
• Clutch pedal switch (if equipped with clutch pedal).
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.

Measuring points Expected value

D - ground B+

J41133
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, idle validation switch 1

2
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
C (common) - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k

J41133
J39200

Supply wire, brake pedal switch

3
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the brake pedal switch (two sockets)
disconnected.
• The following other pedal connectors disconnected:
• Accelerator pedal sensor.
• Clutch pedal switch (if equipped with clutch pedal).
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.

Measuring points Expected value

C (common) - ground B+

9990008
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, brake pedal switch

4
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the brake pedal switch (two sockets)
disconnected.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
NO (normally open) - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k

9990008
J39200

Supply wire, clutch pedal switch

5
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the clutch pedal switch (two sockets)
disconnected (if the vehicle is equipped with clutch
pedal).
• The following other pedal connectors disconnected:
• Accelerator pedal sensor.
• Brake pedal switch (two sockets).
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.

Measuring points Expected value

C (common) - ground B+

9990008
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, clutch pedal switch

6
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the clutch pedal switch (two sockets)
disconnected (if equipped with clutch pedal).
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
NO (normally open) - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k

9990008
J39200

Wiring harness
7
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

Idle validation switch 1

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
accelerator pedal sensor.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at the accelerator pedal sensor.
Measuring points Expected value
C-D ∞ (no acceleration)
20 - 90 (full acceleration)

J41133
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Brake pedal switch

2
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the brake pedal switch (two sockets)
disconnected.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at brake pedal switch.
Measuring points Expected value
“C” - “NO” 0 (brake pedal at rest)
∞ (brake pedal depressed)

9990008
J39200

Clutch pedal switch

3
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the clutch pedal switch (two sockets)
disconnected (if the vehicle is equipped with clutch
pedal).
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at the clutch pedal switch.
Measuring points Expected value
“C” - “NO” 0 (clutch pedal at rest)
∞ (clutch pedal depressed)

9990008
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of subsystem
Supply wire, pedal switches
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB19 - PA12 B+

9998533
, 9998699
, 9813194
J39200

Signal wire, idle validation switch 1

2
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PA23 - PA12 0 V (no acceleration)
B+ (full acceleration)

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, brake pedal switch

3
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PA5 - PA12 B+ (brake pedal at rest)
0 V (brake pedal depressed)

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

Signal wire, clutch pedal switch

4
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PA8 - PA12 B+ (clutch pedal at rest)
0 V (clutch pedal depressed)

9998699
, 9813194
J39200

Verification
Using the PC tool, check that the fault has been corrected
(see “Tests Using PC Tool” page 48).

54
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PPID 71 Cruise Control and Engine Brake, Switch Supply

W3005548

W3005650

General Information
Voltage supply to switch for cruise control and engine
brake control.

Component: S07 engine brake switch, selector type;

S24 engine brake stalk switch (Cummins EBR-CBJ6
only); S25 switch unit, cruise control.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Fault code
FMI 4
Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage.
Conditions for fault code:
• If the VECU registers a voltage lower than 3.0 V on the
supply cable, the control unit interprets this as a fault
and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Supply wire short-circuited to ground.
• Signal wire for cruise control, SET+/SET-
/RESUME/ON, short-circuited to ground.
• Signal wire for engine brake switch (if the vehicle is
equipped with engine brake), EPG/VCB, short-circuited
to ground.
• Signal wire for engine brake stalk switch (if equipped
with engine brake), short-circuited to ground.
• Faulty contact or switch.
• Switch resistance and oxidation.
Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
• All functions in the cruise control cannot be used.
• All functions for engine brake cannot be used.
• Engine does not respond to full acceleration.
Action:
• “MID 144 PPID 71 Cruise Control and Engine Brake,
Switch Supply, Check” page 57.

56
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-12
MID 144 PPID 71 Cruise Control and Engine Brake, Switch Supply,
Check
Special tools: 9990008, 9998533, 9998699
Other special equipment: 9813194, J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for closely examining the
component’s function:

• Cruise control switch, test

• Engine brake function, test
Measurement at the component’s
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Supply wire, cruise control switch

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to Cruise control switch disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected (if the
vehicle is equipped with engine brake).
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Measuring points Expected value

1 - ground B+

9990008
, J39200

Signal wire, Cruise control switch

2
Prerequisites:
• Connector to Cruise control switch disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
5 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (SET+)
3 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (RESUME)
2 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (ON)
4 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (SET-)

9990008
, J39200

Supply wire, engine brake switch (Volvo

engine)
3
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with Volvo Engine Brake (EBR-VEB).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to dash engine brake switch disconnected.
• Connector to Cruise control switch disconnected.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
1 - ground B+

9990008
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, engine brake switch

4
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with Volvo Engine Brake (EBR-VEB).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to dash engine brake switch disconnected.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
5 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (VCB)
6 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (EPG)

9990008
, J39200

Supply wire, engine brake switch stalk lever

(Cummins engine)
5
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with engine brake stalk switch (Cummins EBR-CBJ6).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to stalk lever, engine brake disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• Connector to Cruise control switch disconnected.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
1 - ground B+

9990008
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, engine brake switch lever

(Cummins engine)
6
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with engine brake stalk lever (Cummins EBR-CBJ6).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to stalk lever, engine brake disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
3 - ground ∞ (OFF)
2.1 - 3.1 k (ON)

9990008
, J39200

Wiring harness
7
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Switch for the cruise control

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to Cruise control switch disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to switch
cruise control.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at switch cruise control.
Measuring points Expected value
1-5 ∞ (SET+ inactive)
0 (SET+ active)
1-3 ∞ (RESUME inactive)
0 (RESUME active)
1-2 ∞ (OFF)
0 (ON)
0 (RESUME active)
1-4 ∞ (SET- inactive)
0 (SET- active)
∞ (SET+ active)

9990008
, J39200

Check of the dash switch for engine brake

(Volvo engines)
2
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with Volvo Engine Brake (EBR-VEB).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to dash engine brake switch disconnected.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at dash switch for engine brake.
Measuring points Expected value
1-6 ∞ (EPG inactive)
0 (EPG active)
0 (VCB active, if the vehicle is equipped with VCB)
1-5 ∞ (VCB and EPG inactive, if the vehicle is equipped
with VCB)
0 (VCB active, if the vehicle is equipped with VCB)

9990008
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of stalk lever for the engine brake

(Cummins engine)
3
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with engine brake stalk lever (Cummins EBR-CBJ6).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to stalk lever, engine brake disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to stalk
lever, engine brake.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at stalk lever, engine brake.
Measuring points Expected value
1-3 ∞ (OFF)
0 (ON)

9990008
, J39200

Check of subsystem
Supply wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB5 - PA12 B+

9998533
, 9998699
, 9813194
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, Cruise control switch

2
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PA2 - PA12 0 V (SET+ inactive)
B+ (SET+ active)
PA30 - PA12 0 V (RESUME inactive)
B+ (RESUME active)
PA3 - PA12 0 V (OFF)
B+ (ON)
B+ (RESUME active)
PA1 - PA12 0 V (SET - inactive)
B+ (SET- active)
0 V (SET+ active)

9998533
, 9998699
, 9813194
, J39200

Signal wire, engine brake switch (Volvo

engine)
3
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with Volvo Engine Brake (EBR-VEB).
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PA21 - PA12 0 V (EPG inactive)
B+ (EPG requested)
B+ (VCB requested, if equipped)
PA20 - PA12 0 V (VCB and EPG inactive, if equipped)
B+ (VCB requested, if equipped)

9998699
, 9813194
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, engine brake switch stalk lever

(Cummins engine)
4
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with engine brake stalk lever (Cummins EBR-CBJ6).
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PA20 - PA12 0 V (OFF, inactive)
B+ (ON, active)

9998699
, 9813194
, J39200

Verification
Using the PC tool, check that the fault has been corrected
(see “Tests Using PC Tool” page 57).

64
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator Pedal and Engine Brake, Sensors

Supply

W3005055

W3005536

General Information
Supply voltage to sensors for accelerator pedal and
engine brake stalk lever. (Engine brake stalk lever is used
only with Cummins EBR-CBJ6.)

The sensors are supplied with a reference voltage of 5.0

V. Each change of the accelerator pedal’s angle controls
the input signal to the VECU. For normal values, see table
page 71.

Component:B25 accelerator pedal sensor; S24 engine

brake stalk lever (Cummins EBR-CBJ6 only); A17, VECU.

Fault codes
FMI 3 FMI 4
Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage. Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage.
Conditions for fault code: Conditions for fault code:
• If the VECU registers a voltage higher than 5.7 V on • If the VECU registers a voltage lower than 4.7 V on the
the supply wire, the control unit interprets this as a fault supply wire, the control unit interprets this as a fault
and a fault code is set. and a fault code is set.

Possible cause: Possible cause:

• Open circuit, ground wire. • Supply wire short-circuited to ground or lower voltage.
• Supply wire short-circuited to higher voltage. • Faulty sensor.
• Open circuit, supply wire. Reaction from VECU:
• Faulty sensor.
• Switch resistance and oxidation. • Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set. Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp is requested. • Yellow lamp lights up.
• Engine does not respond to full acceleration.
Noticeable external symptom: • No engine brake effect.
• Yellow lamp lights up. Action:
• Engine does not respond to full acceleration.
• No engine brake affect. • “MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator Pedal and Engine
Brake, Sensors Supply, Check” page 66.
Action:
• “MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator Pedal and Engine
Brake, Sensors Supply, Check” page 66.
65
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-13
MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator Pedal and Engine Brake, Sensors
Supply, Check
Special tools: 9998533, J41133, 9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for closely examining the
component’s function:

• Control auxiliary brake, test

• Accelerator pedal switches and sensors, test

Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Ground wire, accelerator pedal

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Adapter connected to the accelerator pedal connector.
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected (if
equipped).
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
E - ground 0

J41133
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Supply wire, accelerator pedal

2
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Adapter connected to accelerator pedal connector.
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected (if
equipped).
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
A - ground 4.3 - 6.5 V

J41133
, J39200

Signal wire, accelerator pedal

3
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Adapter connected to accelerator pedal connector.
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected (if
equipped).
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
B - ground 80 - 120 k

J41133
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Ground wire, engine brake stalk lever

(Cummins engine)
4
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with engine brake stalk lever (Cummins EBR-CBJ6).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected.
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Adapter pin connected to engine brake, stalk lever
connector.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
5 - ground 0

9990008
, J39200

Supply wire, engine brake stalk lever

(Cummins engine)
5
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with engine brake stalk lever (Cummins EBR-CBJ6).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Engine brake stalk lever switch disconnected.
• Adapter pin connected to engine brake, stalk lever
connector.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
4 - ground 4.3 - 6.5 V

9990008
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, engine brake, stalk lever

(Cummins engine)
6
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with engine brake stalk lever (EBR-CBJ6).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Engine brake stalk lever switch disconnected.
• Adapter pin connected to engine brake, stalk lever
connector.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
6 - ground 80 - 120 k

9996899
, J39200

Wiring harness
7
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

Accelerator pedal sensor

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Adapter connected to the accelerator pedal sensor.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at the accelerator control sensor.
Measuring points Expected value
A-E 3.2 - 4.8 k
B-E 1.0 - 2.0 k (no acceleration)

J41133
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Switch for engine brake stalk lever (Cummins

engine)
2
Note: The check below applies only to vehicles equipped
with engine brake stalk lever (EBR-CBJ6).
Prerequisites:
• Connector to engine brake switch disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to engine
brake switch.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at engine brake stalk lever.
Measuring points Expected value
4-5 1.7 - 2.5 k (pos 1)
1.3 - 2.0 k (pos 2)
1.1 - 1.7 k (pos 3)
0.9 - 1.4 k (pos 4)
0.8 - 1.2 k (pos 5)
0.7 - 1.1 k (pos 6)
6-5 1.0 - 1.4 k (pos 1)
0.9 - 1.3 k (pos 2)
0.8 - 1.2 k (pos 3)
0.8 - 1.1 k (pos 4)
0.7 - 1.1 k (pos 5)
0.7 - 1.0 k (pos 6)

J39200

Check of subsystem
Ground wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB22 - ground 0

9998533
, 9998699
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Supply wire
2
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB10 - PB22 4.5 - 5.5 V

9998533
, 9998699
, J39200

Signal wire, accelerator pedal

3
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB8 - PB22 0.4 - 0.6 V (no acceleration)
2.6 - 3.8 V (full acceleration)

9998533
, 9998699
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire, engine brake, stalk lever

(Cummins engine)
4
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB24 - PB22 0.3 - 0.7 V (pos 1)
1.0 - 1.6 V (pos 2)
1.7 - 2.5 V (pos 3)
2.3 - 3.5 V (pos 4)
2.9 - 4.4 V (pos 5)
3.6 - 5.4 V (pos 6)

9998533
, 9998699
, J39200

Verification
Using the PC tool, check that the fault has been corrected
(see “Tests Using PC Tool” page 66).

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PPID 74 VECU Power Supply

W3005538
W3005285

General Information
Component: Rly 4 EMS power; A17, VECU; F81 Fuse,
VECU power; FB01 fuse, battery 1; G01 battery.

Fault code
FMI 3 FMI 4
Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage. Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage.
Condition for fault code: Condition for fault code:
• If the voltage from relay 4, VECU pin PB15 is greater • If the voltage from relay 4, VECU pin PB15 is less than
than 1V, the VECU will interpret it as a fault and a fault 0V, the VECU will interpret it as a fault and a fault code
code will be set. will be set.

Possible cause: Possible cause:

• Short-circuit to higher voltage. • Open circuit, cable from relay.
• Faulty relay. • Fault in relay.
Reaction from VECU: Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set. • Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested. • Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom: Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up. • Yellow lamp lights up.
Action: Action:
• “MID 144 PPID 74 Power Supply EECU/VECU, • “MID 144 PPID 74 Power Supply EECU/VECU,
Check” page 74. Check” page 74.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-05
MID 144 PPID 74 Power Supply EECU/VECU, Check
Special tools: 9990008, 9996899, 9998533,
9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Ground wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Relay EMS disconnected
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
85 - ground 0.5 M

9990008
J39200

Wiring harness
2
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Relay EMS
1
Prerequisites:

• Measurement box with adapter connected between

VECU connector PB and wiring harness.

• Ignition key in OFF position.

• Check of the relay EMS.

Earth Checks
PB15 - ground Listen for clicking (relay active)

9998533
, 9998699

Check of subsystem
Ground wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• The control unit connected
• Ignition key in OFF position.
Earth Checks
PB15 - PB22 B+ (relay inactive)
0 V (ground PB15 and listen for relay clicking; relay active)

Note: When relay is active, fuse F81 is supplied with 12

V which then supplies PA13 with voltage.

9998533
, 9998699

75
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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 SID 230 Idle Validation Switch 1

W3005539

W3005049

General Information

Component: B25 Sensor, accelerator pedal; A17, VECU

Fault code
FMI 7
Incorrect response from mechanical system.
Conditions for fault code:
• If the signal from the idling switch is not available in the
interval 0 - 13 %, the control unit interprets this as a
fault and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Open circuit, supply cable.
• Open circuit, signal cable.
• Signal cable short-circuited to ground.
• Signal cable short-circuited to voltage.
• Faulty switch.
• Switch resistance and oxidation.
Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
• Engine does not respond to full acceleration.
Action:
• “MID 144 SID 230 Idle Validation Switch 1, Check”
page 77.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-18
MID 144 SID 230 Idle Validation Switch 1, Check
Special tools: J41133
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for closely examining the
component’s function:

• Accelerator pedal switches and sensors, test

• MID 144 pinout test

Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Supply wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• The following other pedal connectors disconnected:
• The brake pedal switch (two sockets).
• The clutch pedal switch (if equipped).
• Measure voltage using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
• Measurement to the VECU.

Measuring points Expected value

D - ground B+

J41133
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Signal wire
2
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to VECU.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• VECU connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
C - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k

J41133
, J39200

Wiring harness
3
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness to the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness also should be made before
connecting a new component.

Idle validation switch 1

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to the accelerator pedal sensor
disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
accelerator pedal sensor.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at the accelerator pedal sensor.
Measuring points Expected value
C-D ∞ (pedal at idle)
20 - 90 (pedal off idle)

J41133
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 SID 231 J1939 Control Link

General Information
The system’s control signals are sent via J1939 Control
Data Link.

Information and diagnostic signals are sent via

J1587/1708 Information Data Link. The link also functions
as a reserve system for the J1939, if the Control Data
Link does not function for any reason.
Component: A17, VECU

Fault code
FMI 2 • Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Intermittent or incorrect data. Information, group 37.

Note: Connection of the measurement box and adapter FMI 12

to the VECU’s "PA" connector may result in a ’ghost’ Faulty unit or component.
fault code (SID231 / FMI 2) resulting from the adapter’s
effect on the J1939 CAN_2 link (pins PA-15 and PA-16). Note: This fault code is normally not caused by errors
If the fault was not present before connection of the in the VECU.
measurement box, ignore the code and erase all inactive
Conditions for fault code:
fault codes following testing.
• If the expected messages are not available from a
Conditions for fault code: control unit on the control link the VECU interprets this
• If the VECU does not receive confirmation for the as a fault and a fault code is set.
messages on the control link, the control unit interprets
this as a fault and a fault code is set. Possible cause:
• Open circuit, communication cable.
Possible cause: • Switch resistance and oxidation.
• Loose connection. Reaction from VECU:
• Open circuit, the control link. • Fault code is set.
• Switch resistance and oxidation. • Yellow lamp is requested.
Reaction from VECU:
Noticeable external symptom:
• Fault code is set. • Yellow lamp lights up.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom: Action:
• Yellow lamp lights up. • Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37.
Action:

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 SID 240 Program Memory

T2012704

General Information
At start-up a checksum is calculated for the software in the
VECU flash memory. This is compared with a previously
stored checksum to check that the software is correct.

Component: A17, VECU

Fault code
FMI 2
Intermittent or incorrect data
Conditions for fault code:
• If the checksum calculated at start-up does not agree
with the previously saved checksum, the VECU
interprets this as a fault and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Software fault.
• Faulty memory circuit.
Reaction from VECU:
• The control unit continuously restarts.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp is lit by the instrument control unit since
the VECU does not respond to the call.
• The vehicle can only be run at increased idling speed.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 SID 243 Cruise Control Set Switch

W3005580

W3005540

General Information
Component: S02 Switch unit, cruise control.

Fault code
FMI 7
Incorrect response from mechanical system.
Conditions for fault code:
• If the VECU receives the signals for SET+ and SET-
at the same time, the control unit interprets this as a
fault and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Signal wire short-circuited to voltage.
• Faulty switch.
Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
• The cruise control function does not work. The speed
cannot be set, but if the speed has been set previously
it can be resumed with RESUME.

Action:
• “MID 144 SID 243 Cruise Control Set Switch, Check”
page 82.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-20
MID 144 SID 243 Cruise Control Set Switch, Check
Special tools: 9990020, 9998533, 9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for closely examining the
component’s function:

• Cruise control switch, test

• MID 144 pinout test
Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Supply wire
1
Prerequisites:
• 14–pin connector (green) to Cruise control switch
disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• Measuring voltage using the multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in drive position.
• Measurement to the VECU.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Measuring points Expected value

1 - ground B+

9996899
, 9990020
, J39200

Signal wire
2
Prerequisites:
• Connector to Cruise control switch disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
5 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (SET+)
3 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (RESUME)
2 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (ON)
4 - ground 2.1 - 3.1 k (SET- )

9996899
, 9990020
, J39200

Wiring harness
3
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

Signal wire, Cruise control switch

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to Cruise control switch disconnected.
• Measurement box with adapter connected to the
VECU.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at switch cruise control.
Measuring points Expected value
5 - 4 (against switch) ∞ (SET+ and SET- inactive)
∞ (ON and SET+ active)
∞ (RESUME active and SET+ active)
∞ (ON and SET- active)
∞ (RESUME active and SET- active)

9996899
, 9990020
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Check of subsystem
Signal wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PA and wiring harness.
• Measuring voltage using the multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in drive position.
Measuring points Expected value
PA1 - PA12 B+ (OFF and SET- active)
0 V (OFF and SET+ active)
0 V (ON and SET+ active)
0 V (RESUME active and SET+ active)
PA2 - PA12 B+ (OFF and SET+ active)
0 V (OFF and SET- active)
0 V (ON and SET- active)
0 V (RESUME active and SET- active)

9813194
, 9998699
, J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 SID 250 J1587/J1708 Information Data Link

General Information
The non-critical communication between the vehicle’s
control units and the display on the instrument’s gauges
is carried out via J1587/1708 Information Data Link.

The system’s critical control signals are sent via the

J1939 Control Data Link.

Information and diagnostic signals are sent via

J1587/1708 Information Data Link. The link also functions
as a reserve system for the J1939 Control Data Link, if
the Control Data Link does not function for any reason.
J1587/1708 Information Data Link keeps the system
status continually updated and makes this information
available for reading via the diagnostics socket.

Component: A17, VECU.

Fault code
FMI 2
Intermittent or incorrect data.

• If the VECU is unable to send it’s messages onto the

databus after several attempts, the VECU will use this
fault code to flag a possible physical fault with the
datalink.

Conditions for fault code:

• If the VECU registers incorrect messages on the
information link the control unit interprets this as a fault
and a fault code is set.
Possible cause:
• Several units are sending at the same time on the
information link.

Reaction from VECU:

• Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 SID 253 Calibration Memory EEPROM

T2012704

General Information
At start-up a checksum is calculated for the data set in
the control unit’s EEPROM memory. This is compared
with a previously stored checksum to check that the data
set is correct.

Fault code
FMI 2 FMI 13
Intermittent or incorrect data. Calibration values outside the limits.
Conditions for fault code: Conditions for fault code:
• If the VECU receives an error in calculating the • If the checksum for the data set calculated at start-up
checksum in the calibration memory the control unit does not agree with the previously saved checksum,
interprets this as a fault and a fault code is set. the VECU interprets this as a fault and a fault code
is set.
Possible cause:
• Faulty memory circuit. Possible cause:
• Error when programming. • Incorrect data set.
Reaction from VECU:
• Faulty memory circuit.
• Fault code is set. Reaction from VECU:
• Red lamp is requested. • Fault code is set.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Red lamp is requested.
• Red lamp lights up. Noticeable external symptom:
• The vehicle can only be driven at increased idling • Red lamp lights up.
speed. • The vehicle can only be driven at increased idling
speed.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PSID 4 Engine Brake Stalk Lever

(Cummins engine; applies only to EBR-CBJ6.)

W3005544

T3015745

General Information
Component: S24 Stalk lever, engine brake A17, VECU

Fault code
FMI 3 FMI 4
Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage. Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage.
Conditions for fault code: Conditions for fault code:
• If the VECU registers a voltage higher than 4.8 V, the • If the VECU interprets a voltage below 0.2 V as a fault
control unit interprets this as a fault and a fault code and a fault code is set.
is set.
Possible cause:
Possible cause: • Open circuit, supply cable.
• Open circuit, ground cable. • Open circuit, signal cable.
• Signal cable short-circuited to voltage. • Signal cable short-circuited to ground.
• Faulty switch. • Faulty switch.
• Switch resistance and oxidation. • Switch resistance and oxidation.
Reaction from VECU: Reaction from VECU:
• Fault code is set. • Fault code is set.
• Yellow lamp is requested. • Yellow lamp is requested.
Noticeable external symptom: Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up. • Yellow lamp lights up.
• Engine brake cannot be activated. • Engine brake cannot be activated.
Action: Action:
• “MID 144 PSID 4 Engine Brake Stalk Lever, Check” • “MID 144 PSID 4 Engine Brake Stalk Lever, Check”
page 89. page 89.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

3649-21-03-25
MID 144 PSID 4 Engine Brake Stalk Lever, Check
Special tools: 9998533, 9998699
Other special equipment: J39200
NOTE!
• Read off the other fault codes for the VECU.
• Switch off the current in the vehicle before the
connectors are disconnected.
• Check for loose connections, switch resistance, and
oxidation. For information concerning fault tracing of
wires and connectors, refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Tests Using PC Tool

The following tests are useful for closely examining the
component’s function:

• Engine brake, function test

• MID 144 pinout test
Measurement at component
connector to VECU
Note: Faults in the wiring harness to the VECU
can damage the component. Therefore, a check of
the component should also be made if any of the
measurement values deviate.

Note: It may be necessary to temporarily remove the

connector from its mounting location to perform the
following checks.

1
Disconnect the connector at the switch for the engine
brake.

2
Disconnect the connector at the accelerator pedal sensor.

Ground wire
3
Prerequisites:
• Back-probe the connector at the designed cavity.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
5 - ground ≈0

9998699
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Supply wire
4
Prerequisites:
• Back-probe the connector at the designed cavity.
• Measuring voltage using the multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in drive position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
4 - ground ≈ 4.3 - 6.5 V

9998699
J39200

Signal wire
5
Prerequisites:
• Back-probe the connector at the designed cavity.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement to the VECU.
Measuring points Expected value
6 - ground 0.8 - 1.2 k

J39200

Wiring harness
6
Check the wiring harness; refer to Service Information,
group 37.

Check of component
Note: Faults in the component can be caused by faults
in the wiring harness of the control unit. Therefore, a
check of the wiring harness should also be made before
connecting a new component.

Note: It may be necessary to temporarily remove the

connector from its mounting location to perform the
following checks.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Engine brake switch

1
Prerequisites:
• Connector to engine brake switch connected.
• Back-probe the connector at the designated cavity.
• Measure resistance using multimeter.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
• Measurement at stalk lever.
Measuring points Expected value
4-5 1.7 - 2.5 k (pos 1)
1.3 - 2.0 k (pos 2)
1.1 - 1.7 k (pos 3)
0.9 - 1.4 k (pos 4)
0.8 - 1.2 k (pos 5)
0.7 - 1.1 k (pos 6)
6-5 1.0 - 1.4 k (pos 1)
0.9 - 1.3 k (pos 2)
0.8 - 1.2 k (pos 3)
0.8 - 1.1 k (pos 4)
0.7 - 1.1 k (pos 5)
0.7 - 1.0 k (pos 6)

J39200

Check of subsystem
Ground wire
1
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measuring resistance using multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in OFF position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB22 - ground ≈0

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

Supply wire
2
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measuring voltage using multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB10 - PB22 ≈4-6V

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

Signal wire
3
Prerequisites:
• Measurement box with adapter connected between
VECU connector PB and wiring harness.
• Measuring voltage using multimeter.
• Control unit connected.
• Ignition key in DRIVE position.
Measuring points Expected value
PB24 - PB22 0.3 - 0.7 V (pos 1)
1.0 - 1.6 V (pos 2)
1.7 - 2.5 V (pos 3)
2.3 - 3.5 V (pos 4)
2.9 - 4.4 V (pos 5)
3.6 - 5.4 V (pos 6)

9998533
, 9998699
J39200

Verification
Using the PC tool, check that the fault has been corrected
(see “Tests Using PC Tool” page 89).

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PSID 200 Communication Interference, Data Link, Engine

Control Unit
General Information
The control units share important information on the
J1939 Control Data Link. If a control unit lacks messages
from another control unit, this fault code will be used
to point out the control unit that is expected to send
messages on the J1939 Control Data Link.

Fault code
FMI 9
Abnormal updating rate.
Condition for fault code:
• If the VECU does not receive any messages on the
J1939 Control Data Link from the EECU within a
certain time, the control unit will interpret this as a fault
and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Fault in J1939 Control Data Link between EMS control
unit and VECU

Reaction from VECU:

• Yellow lamp requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PSID 202 Communication Interference, Data Link,

Instrumentation
General Information
The control units share important information on the
J1939 Control Data Link. If a control unit lacks messages
from another control unit, this fault code will be used
to point out the control unit that is expected to send
messages on the J1939 Control Data Link.

Fault code
FMI 9
Abnormal updating rate.
Condition for fault code:
• If the VECU does not receive any messages
concerning time/date on the J1939 Control Data Link
from the instrument within a certain time, the control
unit will interpret this as a fault and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Fault in J1939 Control Data Link between instrument
and VECU

Reaction from VECU:

• Yellow information lamp requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PSID 204 Communication Interference, Data Link, Brake

Control Unit
General Information
The control units share important information on the
J1939 Control Data Link. If a control unit lacks messages
from another control unit, this fault code will be used
to point out the control unit that is expected to send
messages on the J1939 Control Data Link.

Fault code
FMI 9
Abnormal updating rate.
Condition for fault code:
• If the VECU does not receive any messages on the
J1939 Control Data Link from the brake control unit
within a certain time, the control unit will interpret this
as a fault and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Fault in J1939 Control Data Link between ABS/EBS
control unit and VECU

Reaction from VECU:

• Yellow lamp requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PSID 210 J1939 Control Data Link Interruption, Lighting
Control Module (LCM)
General Information
The control units share important information on the
J1939 Control Data Link. If a control unit lacks messages
from another control unit, this fault code will be used
to point out the control unit that is expected to send
messages on the J1939 Control Data Link.

Fault code
FMI 9
Abnormal updating rate.
Condition for fault code:
• If the VECU does not receive any messages on the
J1939 Control Data Link from the light control module
within a certain time, the control unit will interpret this
as a fault and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Fault in J1939 Control Data Link between LCM control
unit and VECU

Reaction from VECU:

• Yellow lamp requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37.

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Group 36 Fault Codes, VECU, MID 144, Volvo or Cummins Engine Troubleshooting

MID 144 PSID 214 Data Link, Bodybuilder Control Unit

(Volvo engines only)

General Information
The control units share important information on the
J1939 Control Data Link. If a control unit lacks messages
from another control unit, this fault code will be used
to point out the control unit that is expected to send
messages on the J1939 Control Data Link.

Fault code
FMI 9
Abnormal updating rate.
Condition for fault code:
• If the VECU does not receive any messages on the
J1939 Control Data Link from the bodybuilder module
within a certain time, the control unit will interpret this
as a fault and a fault code is set.

Possible cause:
• Fault in J1939 Control Data Link between BBM control
unit and VECU

Reaction from VECU:

• Yellow lamp requested.
Noticeable external symptom:
• Yellow lamp lights up.
Action:
• Troubleshoot J1939 Control Data Link; refer to Service
Information, group 37.

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98
 Operation Numbers

D
3649-21-03-08 MID 144 PID 84 Vehicle Speed, Check ................................................................................................... 21
3649-21-03-09 MID 144 PID 91 Accelerator Pedal Position (Percentage), Check ........................................................... 26

3649-21-03-01 MID 144 PID 150 PTO Output, Check ..................................................................................................... 31

3649-21-03-28 MID 144 PID 191 Output Shaft Speed, Check ......................................................................................... 36

3649-21-03-04 MID 144 PPID 61 Engine Brake Switch, Check ....................................................................................... 41

3649-21-03-10 MID 144 PPID 69 Buffered Idle Validation Switch, Check ....................................................................... 45

3649-21-03-11 MID 144 PPID 70 Pedal Switches, Supply, Check ................................................................................... 48

3649-21-03-12 MID 144 PPID 71 Cruise Control and Engine Brake, Switch Supply, Check ........................................... 57

3649-21-03-13 MID 144 PPID 72 Accelerator Pedal and Engine Brake, Sensors Supply, Check ................................... 66
3649-21-03-05 MID 144 PPID 74 Power Supply EECU/VECU, Check ............................................................................ 74

3649-21-03-18 MID 144 SID 230 Idle Validation Switch 1, Check ................................................................................... 77

3649-21-03-20 MID 144 SID 243 Cruise Control Set Switch, Check ............................................................................... 82

3649-21-03-25 MID 144 PSID 4 Engine Brake Stalk Lever, Check .................................................................................. 89
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