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This document discusses mechanical rotational systems. It defines key concepts like torque, moment of inertia, elasticity (spring), and damping (dashpot). It provides the fundamental equations that characterize rotational systems, such as relating torque to moment of inertia and angular acceleration. The equations for elasticity and damping are also presented, showing how reaction torque is determined from stiffness/elasticity and damping coefficient, respectively. Finally, a simple mechanical rotational system is depicted using an equivalent circuit diagram and corresponding node equation.

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Trisha SARMIENTO
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36 views8 pages

006 PDF

This document discusses mechanical rotational systems. It defines key concepts like torque, moment of inertia, elasticity (spring), and damping (dashpot). It provides the fundamental equations that characterize rotational systems, such as relating torque to moment of inertia and angular acceleration. The equations for elasticity and damping are also presented, showing how reaction torque is determined from stiffness/elasticity and damping coefficient, respectively. Finally, a simple mechanical rotational system is depicted using an equivalent circuit diagram and corresponding node equation.

Uploaded by

Trisha SARMIENTO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mechanical Rotational Systems

De La Salle Lipa
College of Information Technology and Engineering
Electrical Engineering Department
Rotational systems
• The equations characterizing rotational systems are
similar to those for translation systems. Writing torque
equations parallels the writing of force equations, where
the displacement, velocity, and acceleration terms are
now angular quantities. The applied torque is equal to the
sum of the reaction torques. The three elements in a
rotational system are inertia, the spring, and the dashpot.
Moment of inertia
The torque applied to a body
having a moment of inertia J
produces an angular acceleration.
The reaction torque Tj is opposite
to the direction of the applied
torque and is equal to the
product of moment of inertia and
acceleration. In terms of angular
acceleration α, angular velocity
ω, or angular displacement θ, the Tj=Jα=JDω=JD2θ
torque equation is
Elastance (Spring)
When a torque is applied to a spring,
the spring is twisted by an angle θ.
The applied torque is transmitted
through the spring and appears at
the end. The reaction spring torque
Tk that is produced is equal to the
product of the stiffness, or elastance,
K of the spring and the angle of
twist. By denoting the positions of
the two ends of the spring,
measured from the neutral position, Tk = K ( θc – θd )
as θc and θd, the reaction torque is
Damping (Dashpot)
Damping occurs whenever a body
moves through a fluid, which may be
a liquid or a gas such as air. To
produce motion of the body, a
torque must be applied to overcome
the reaction damping torque. The
damping is represented as a dashpot
with a viscous friction coefficient.
The damping torque TB is equal to
the product of damping B and the TB = B (ωe – ωf ) = B (Dθe – Dθf )
relative angular velocity of the ends
of the dashpot.
Mechanical Rotational Symbols and Units
Simple Mechanical
Rotational System

Mechanical Equivalent Circuit


Node Equation:
J D 2 θ + B Dθ + K θ = T (t)

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