Information Systems Analysis & Design Information System Acquisition

Week 1-2  In-House Development

Module 1: Lesson 2: Information System -For companies with unique operations or activities
-Software is not readily available in the market or is very
A system is a group of elements that work together to accomplish an costly.
objective. -Requires maintaining a fulltime systems staff of analysts
and programmers.
The information system is a computer-based systems that capture,  Commercial Systems
store, and retrieve data associated with process activities. In -Systems that are purchased from software vendors.
addition, they organize these data into meaningful information that
organizations use to support and assess these activities Turnkey Systems
General Accounting Systems
Functional Information System Special Purpose Systems
- Systems which evolved independently of one another. Office Automation Systems
Backbone Systems
Enterprise Systems Vendor Supported Systems
-Systems which support the entire process rather than parts of the
process.
Systems Development Life Cycle
 Planning
Role of Information System
-is the fundamental process of understanding why an
1. Execute the Process
information system should be built and determining how
2. Capture and store Process Data
the project team will go about building it.
3. Monitor Process Performance
-Project Initiation
-Project Management
Information System Components
 People-Human
 Analysis
 Information-Output
-answers the questions of who will use the system, what
 Software-Programs
the system will do, and where and when it will be used.
 Hardware-Machine
During this phase, the project team investigates any
 Data-Input;Facts current system(s), identifies improvement opportunities,
 Process and develops a concept for the new system.

Information System Functions  Design Phase

 Input -decides how the system will operate in terms of the hardware,
 Process software, and network infrastructure that will be in place; the
 Output user interface, forms, and reports that will be used; and the
 Storage-Maintaining & Organizing of Data specific programs, databases, and files that will be needed.
 Control
 Implementation
Module 1: Lesson 2: Systems Development Life Cycle -is the final phase during which the system is built (or
purchased and installed if the design calls for a prewritten
Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) software package).
-is a multistage procedure which is generally treated as “best
practices” for Systems Development
-Generally, it has four (4) phases, each phase is itself composed of a
series of steps, which rely upon techniques that produce
deliverables (specific documents and files that provide
understanding about the project).

Participants in System Development

 Systems Professionals
 End-Users
 Stakeholders
 Accountants/ Auditors
Week 3-4
Module 2: Lesson 1: System Analyst Disadvantage/s:
-The end of the project can require significant
A System analyst plays a key role in the SDLC: integration efforts.
- Analyzing the business situation
- Identifying opportunities for improvements
- Designing an information system to implement the improvements

System Analyst
Business Analyst
Requirements Analyst
Change Management Analyst
Infrastructure Analyst
Project Manager

Change Agents:
 Technical
 Analytical
 Interpersonal
 Business
 Ethical
 Management

Module 2: Lesson 2: System Development Methodologies

A methodology is a formalized approach to implementing SDLC.

1. Structured Design Methodologies

-adopt a formal step-by-step approach to SDLC that moves
logically from one phase to the next.

1. Waterfall Development
-Original structured design methodology
-Moves forward from one phase in the same manner as
the waterfall.
-Requirements are typically very long.

Advantage/s:
-Identifies system requirements long before programming
begins
-Minimizes changes to the requirements as the project
proceeds.

Disadvantage/s:
-The design must be completely specified before
programming begins.
-A long time elapses between the completion of the
system proposal in the analysis phase and the delivery of
the system.

2. Parallel Development
-Performs a general design for the whole system and then
divide.

Advantage/s
-Reduce the time to deliver a system