Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Leading, controlling and allocating resources describes which ONE of these? 1)

A) Banking B) Management C) Graphics D) Research

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

2) Marketing is the same as sales. 2)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

3) In the context of the organisation what does HRM mean? 3)

A) Heat Reflecting Membrane B) Human Relations Mediation
C) Human Resources Management D) High Rate Modem

4) Management research is simply systematic research to find out things about business and 4)
management" (Saunders et al. 2000). Which of these does it concern?
A) Marketing planning
B) Production planning
C) Human resources
D) All of the above
E) None of these

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

5) Pure research is better than applied research. 5)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

6) Marketing research, Management Consultancy, Employee Research are all examples of business 6)
research. Which one is LESS likely to be concerned with human resource issues?
A) Employee research B) Marketing research
C) Management consultancy D) None of these

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

7) The term middle management refers to a set of managers who are not in a hierarchy. 7)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

8) Good entrepreneurs probably take ________. 8)

A) Whisky B) Wild risks
C) No risks D) Calculated risks

9) Ratio Analysis is mostly associated with ________. 9)

A) Financial aspects of Management
B) Manpower management
C) Estate Management

1
 10) A top manager of a chocolate bar manufacturer asks for a report on how a new competing 10)
chocolate bar is being advertised. This is an example of ________.
A) Marketing research B) Employee research
C) Management consultancy D) None of these

11) A supermarket manager wants to know whether employees feel comfortable working in the cold 11)
food department. This is an example of ________.
A) Management consultancy B) Marketing research
C) Employee research D) None of these

12) A research study was carried out to see whether people notice web addresses on television adverts. 12)
Is this example Pure or Applied Research?
A) Pure Research B) Applied Research
C) Neither D) Both

13) A research study was carried out to see how many people bought a product using the free phone 13)
number and how many using a paid-for phone call. Is this example of Pure or Applied Research?
A) Pure Research B) Applied Research
C) Neither D) Both

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

14) Pure research is usually done for long term benefits. 14)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

15) Respondent selection is also known as ________. 15)

A) Weighting B) Sampling C) Sifting D) Grossing E) Coding

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

16) If a study is reliable it means that it measures what we think it should measure. 16)

17) Validity means that if we repeated the study we would get the same results. 17)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

18) When a study has been conducted and is available for others to see, it becomes ? 18)
A) Secondary data B) Ordinal data C) Primary data

19) The collection, analysis and communication of information related to decisions in marketing. This 19)
refers to ________.
A) Research into Stock Markets
B) Academic Research
C) Marketing research
D) Employee Research
E) Management Consultancy

2
 20) ________ investigates such topics as relocation, mergers, quality control and changes? 20)
A) Employee Research
B) Research into Stock Markets
C) Academic Research
D) Management Consultancy
E) Marketing research

21) ________ is done to guide investors and give advice on when, where and how to buy, sell or hold 21)
shares in companies?
A) Marketing research
B) Academic Research
C) Research into Stock Markets
D) Management Consultancy
E) Employee Research

22) Consider this research question: Should a new factory procedure be used? Which management 22)
function is the closest match?
A) HRM B) Production C) Marketing D) All functions

23) Consider this research aim: To help solve problems of absenteeism. Which management function is 23)
the closest match?
A) Marketing B) HRM C) Production D) All functions

24) Consider this research aim: To investigate new markets. Which management function is the closest 24)
match?
A) HRM B) Marketing C) Production D) All functions

25) Consider this research question: Do appraisals act as a motivator? Which management function is 25)
the closest match?
A) Production B) Marketing C) HRM D) All functions

26) Consider this research aim: To provide information for decision-making. Which management 26)
function is the closest match?
A) Production B) HRM C) All functions D) Marketing

27) Research goes through distinct phases. Which one is in the WRONG position? 27)
A) Determine information gathering techniques
B) Critically review literature
C) Formulate your research question
D) Report

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

28) Research is about assembling and reordering facts or information without interpretation. 28)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

29) Research is about ________. 29)

A) Having a clear purpose B) Interpreting data systematically
C) Collecting data systematically D) All of the above

3
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

30) The virtuous circle in Management Research consists of theory development that informs 30)
managerial practice.

31) Mode I knowledge creation is research of an applied nature, governed by the world of practice and 31)
highlighting the importance of collaboration both with and between practitioners.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

32) What is described here? To investigate two possible radio adverts for the new movie? 32)
A) Mode I knowledge creation B) Mode II knowledge creation
C) Both D) Neither

33) What is described here? The reasons for corporate failure in the UK and France? 33)
A) Mode I knowledge creation B) Mode II knowledge creation
C) Both D) Neither

34) What is described here? To explore the impact of science on employee behaviour? 34)
A) Mode I knowledge creation B) Mode II knowledge creation
C) Mode III knowledge creation D) Neither

35) Research objectives that have been negotiated with originator and are bound to tight timescales are 35)
associated with ________.
A) Applied research B) Pure research
C) Both D) None

36) A research that has flexible timescales and is done by a university member is called ________. 36)
A) Applied research B) Pure research
C) Both D) None

37) Theoretical and methodological rigour as well as practical relevance are high in ________. 37)
A) Pedantic science B) Puerile science
C) Popularist science D) Pragmatist science

38) The research process is described as ________. 38)

A) A series of linked stages B) A single activity
C) A series of separate stages D) None of the above

39) Which one of the following is the starting point of a research process? 39)
A) Formulating and clarifying research topic B) Reviewing the literature
C) Designing research D) Analysing data

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

40) You never revisit stages of the research process more than once. 40)

4
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED1

1) B
2) FALSE
3) C
4) D
5) FALSE
6) B
7) FALSE
8) D
9) A
10) A
11) C
12) A
13) B
14) TRUE
15) B
16) FALSE
17) FALSE
18) A
19) C
20) A
21) C
22) B
23) B
24) B
25) C
26) C
27) D
28) FALSE
29) D
30) TRUE
31) FALSE
32) B
33) A
34) C
35) A
36) B
37) D
38) A
39) A
40) FALSE

5
Exam

Name___________________________________

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

1) In most studies objectives are best set after deciding on methodology. 1)

2) A research objective always has to precede the research question. 2)

3) The research objective will start with the word To and a verb. Common verbs in research objectives 3)
are To identify; To establish; To determine; and To develop.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

4) In academic research, at University level, a verb best avoided in the research question is ________. 4)
A) To determine B) To identify C) To describe D) To establish

5) Which of these words is most closely associated with timing? 5)

A) Gallup B) Gantt C) Hawthorne D) Harvard

6) What is the main advantage of producing a written research proposal? 6)

A) Helps the institution B) Helps with credibility
C) Helps keep people employed D) Informs all interested parties

7) Which of the following is not a primary purpose of a research proposal? 7)

A) Organising ideas B) Summary of the dissertation
C) Convincing an audience D) Contracting with a client

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

8) It is a good idea to generate numerous ideas and develop them before choosing one in particular. 8)

9) It is unacceptable to take a previous study and repeat some aspects. 9)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

10) Idea generation by two or more people thinking as freely as possible is formally known as 10)
________.
A) Brainstorming
B) Clap-trapping
C) Forced relationships
D) The learning curve
E) Gap analysis

1
 11) If we take two or more words of interest and consider them together they will suggest new topics. 11)
This is formally called ________.
A) Clap-trapping
B) Gap analysis
C) Brainstorming
D) Forced relationships
E) The learning curve

12) Looking at past project titles, searching relevant sources and engaging in discussion is associated 12)
with what?
A) Brainstorming B) Rational thinking
C) Creative thinking D) None of the above

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

13) Creative thinking is a technique for generating and refining research ideas. 13)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

14) A symmetry of potential outcomes means that the project ________. 14)
A) Will be reliable whatever the outcome
B) Starts with a quantitative stage and ends with a quantitative stage
C) Starts with a qualitative stage and ends with a qualitative stage
D) Will be valuable whatever the outcome

15) Which of the following attributes is NOT associated with a good research topic? 15)
A) Timely B) Feasible C) Repetitive D) Fascinating

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

16) Practicality should not be an attribute of a good research topic. 16)

17) Once a good research topic has been chosen it should not be revisited or refined. 17)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

18) The title of the section of a proposal (or a final report) which has a discussion of the possible ways 18)
to carry out a research project is ________.
A) Method B) Hypotheses C) Hypothesis D) Methodology

19) Which of these is NOT a reporting format? 19)

A) Spoken presentation
B) Focus group
C) Typed report
D) Email report
E) Poster display

2
 20) What is the difference between research questions and research objectives? 20)
A) One of these is proposed by a supervisor
B) The wording of one is likely to be more specific than the other
C) No difference, they are the same
D) The question is worded by the researcher, the objective is not

21) Understanding the relationship between followers and leaders. What does this statement resemble? 21)
A) A research question B) A research objective
C) Both D) None

22) "How does the presence of interviewers influence the answers of interviewees?" This is a ________. 22)
A) A research objective B) A research question
C) Both D) None

23) These research tasks are slightly out of order. Which one should be moved? The study asked 2000 23)
people about Christmas shopping.
A) People interviewed B) Tables produced
C) Secondary sources consulted D) A timetable was created
E) The costs of research were calculated F) The questionnaire was written

24) Which one of these is NOT a section of a proposal? 24)

A) Abstract B) Costs
C) Background to the problem D) Timing
E) Research question and objectives F) Methodology

25) What helps to agree timing, agree resource allocation and also draws boundaries? 25)
A) The questionnaire B) The proposal
C) The final report D) The observation form

26) All of these may appear in a research proposal, but which one will ALWAYS appear? 26)
A) Business Objective, B) Marketing Objective
C) Research Objective D) Creative Objective

27) Which word fills all the blanks in this extract: We talk about generating ________, testing_______, 27)
rejecting ________.
A) Aims B) Questions C) Hypotheses D) Objectives

28) In research we have null ________. 28)

A) Hypotheses B) Objectives C) Aims D) Questions

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

29) A hypothesis is a proposition. 29)

3
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

30) Projects do go wrong. In one case a student left everything until the last minute. This could have 30)
been avoided by reasonable measures. Which ONE of the following would have been realistic and
would have helped the most with this problem?
A) Asking for the deadline to be changed
B) Being less ambitious
C) Using a Gantt Chart
D) Using SPSS
E) Setting a clear objective

31) Projects do go wrong. In one case a student was indecisive and collected anything, just in case it 31)
came in useful: Web sites, photocopies, brochures, the questionnaire even included irrelevant
questions, just in case the information could be useful. Which ONE of the following would have
been realistic and would have helped the most with this problem?
A) Setting a clear objective
B) Being less ambitious
C) Regular progress reports to the supervisor
D) Using a Gantt Chart
E) Using SPSS

32) Projects do go wrong. In one case a students conclusion was not acceptable. She jumped to that 32)
conclusion because it seemed to her to be the right answer. Which ONE of the following would
have been realistic and would have helped the most with this problem?
A) Regular progress reports to the supervisor
B) Using SPSS
C) Working closely with the information collected
D) Asking for the deadline to be changed
E) Being less ambitious

33) Projects do go wrong. In one case a student could not analyse the data collected, she was not 33)
capable. Which ONE of the following would have been realistic and would have helped the most
with this problem?
A) Being less ambitious
B) Using a Gannt Chart
C) Regular meetings with the supervisor
D) Using SPSS
E) Asking for the deadline to be changed

34) A student plans a research project, it is called A Description of Im. On the limited information we 34)
have (the Title) which ONE of these best applies to the idea?
A) It is narrow B) It has an acceptable purpose
C) It has an acceptable method D) It is wide

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

35) Research objectives will start with one of the words: What, Why and How. 35)

36) It is generally accepted that Research objectives require more rigorous thinking which derives from the use 36)
of more formal language.

4
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

37) What is a possible explanation that we may or may not agree with.? 37)
A) The Objective B) The Research Question
C) Grounded theory D) The Hypothesis

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

38) The proposal will talk in the past tense, the final report is written in the future tense. 38)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

39) The timing section of a report will NOT include ________. 39)
A) Deadlines for ending data collection B) Deadlines for submitting the final report
C) Progress report dates D) Guidelines on ethics

40) Which of the following is not a type of theory ________. 40)

A) Grand theory B) Substantive theory
C) Small-range theory D) Middle-range theory

5
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2

1) FALSE
2) FALSE
3) TRUE
4) C
5) B
6) D
7) B
8) TRUE
9) FALSE
10) A
11) D
12) B
13) TRUE
14) D
15) C
16) FALSE
17) FALSE
18) D
19) B
20) B
21) B
22) B
23) B
24) A
25) B
26) C
27) C
28) A
29) TRUE
30) C
31) A
32) C
33) C
34) D
35) FALSE
36) TRUE
37) D
38) FALSE
39) D
40) C

6
Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Literature review is not usually concerned with helping in ________. 1)

A) Subsequent data collection B) Research instrument design
C) Literary appreciation D) Objective setting

2) The Literature Review will examine ________. 2)

A) All aspects of a topic B) Only one side of the main argument
C) Only facts D) Only opinions

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

3) The Literature Review takes place at the start of the project and then stops. 3)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

4) The Literature Review will identify the work of previous researchers and it will ________. 4)
A) Evaluate their methodology
B) Ignore their methodology
C) Not be concerned with their methodology
D) Will copy their methodology

5) The starting point for a literature search is ________. 5)

A) Tertiary data B) Secondary data
C) Some other data D) Primary data

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

6) Secondary data have been selected for a specific purpose, which is probably different from the aim 6)
of the current research.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

7) The results page from Internet search engines (such as Google) give an indication of content. This is 7)
an example of ________.
A) Tertiary data B) Secondary data
C) Primary data D) Some other data

8) Researchers need to be cautious of some material, particularly material found online. Why? 8)
A) It has been used before B) The quality is unknown
C) The authors name often does not appear D) It is too recent

9) Which one of these is likely to be peer reviewed? 9)

A) The European Journal of Management B) Womans Own
C) The Guardian D) The Economist

1
 10) Which of these will NOT help you to decide whether a publication is reputable? 10)
A) Importance to peers B) Citation rate
C) Advertising inside D) Audience

11) Which one of these is NOT peer-reviewed? 11)

A) Quarterly Journal of Management Science
B) Production Quarterly
C) Personnel Weekly
D) The Journal of Marketing Research

12) The likely readers (or audiences) for a journal is a useful guide to the importance of that journal to 12)
your research. Why?
A) It indicates the likely editor B) It indicates the likely publisher
C) It indicates the likely content D) It indicates the likely number of pages

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

13) Some journals are published on behalf of professional bodies. 13)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

14) Citation means that a particular paper has been ________. 14)
A) Quoted in another paper by another author
B) Reproduced elsewhere
C) Sold to another publisher
D) Discussed orally by another author

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

15) Double-blind means that an editor will send a manuscript to two or more reviewers for their 15)
comments. The identity of the editor will be withheld from the reviewers, so the review is blind.

16) In the process of peer review, reviewers comments are usually returned to the original author/s. 16)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

17) When you discover that an author (1) has cited another author (2) it is good practice to ________. 17)
A) Use the work and attribute it to Author 2
B) Use the work and attribute it to Author 1
C) Locate and read the original. Then attribute it to Author 2
D) Not to use the work

18) When planning your literature search you need to plan carefully. Which of these is NOT a 18)
parameter to consider for this phase of research?
A) Quality of articles B) Number of questionnaires
C) Timeframe D) Number of articles

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

19) Literature searches are important to do at the start of a project, they do not continue throughout the 19)
project.

2
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

20) Before searching you should define the timeframe of your search. Why? 20)
A) So you do not incur unnecessary costs B) So you find the most articles
C) So you dont find the library busy D) So you work when you are most efficient

21) Which is the major disadvantage of using peer reviewed journals in literature reviews? 21)
A) Subscription fees are high B) Humans control the quality
C) Information could be as old as four years D) The information is too recent

22) Which of one of these is likely to be peer reviewed? 22)

A) A daily newspaper B) A book of conference papers
C) A weekly consumer magazine D) An inhouse newsletter

23) Why is it important for a researcher to review the literature? 23)

A) Because it shows time has been spent on the subject
B) Because it identifies like-minded researchers
C) Because it will find if anyone has done the work before
D) Because it is traditional

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

24) At the start of a literature search it is wrong to generate key words because they can bias thinking. 24)

25) At the start of a literature search it is a good idea to discuss your ideas as widely as possible. This is 25)
called the Harvard Method.

26) Considering the number of articles, you stop collecting when you have enough. 26)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

27) Which of these is the most efficient way to locate relevant journals? 27)
A) Browsing the shelves in the library; B) Searching using tertiary sources;
C) Browsing in a newsagents D) Following up references in articles;

28) When relevant articles have been found they must be ________. 28)
A) Evaluated B) Destroyed
C) Filed away D) Copied word for word

29) The value of an article is NOT impeded by ________. 29)

A) Imprecision B) Methodological omissions
C) Poor structure D) Biased wording

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

30) If an article contradicts our argument then do not include it in your literature review. 30)

3
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

31) Which one of these are not normally used by researchers to store references? 31)
A) spreadsheets B) Word processing software
C) Handwritten index cards D) Panels

32) When you cite Internet resources, you do not need to find ________. 32)
A) Date of birth of the author B) Date last updated
C) Date created D) Date of access

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

33) The extent to which the literature review will influence your research design depends on whether 33)
your research is inductive or deductive.

34) When you do deductive research you should not start with any predetermined theories or 34)
conceptual frameworks.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

35) Which of the following is NOT associated with a CRITICAL literature review? 35)
A) Critique of style B) Critique of rhetoric
C) Critique of authority D) Critique of tradition

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

36) There is one universal structure to a good critical literature review. 36)

37) A good literature review should start off narrow and become broader. 37)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

38) The critical literature review should highlight those areas where you can ________. 38)
A) Outline existing gaps B) Provide fresh insights
C) Both D) None

39) Why is it important to take notes of your search processes? 39)

A) To make sure you have used the right key words
B) To allow for transparency
C) To make your searches reliable
D) All of the above

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

40) A source that is more than 10 years old should never be used. 40)

4
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED3

1) C
2) A
3) FALSE
4) A
5) A
6) TRUE
7) A
8) B
9) A
10) C
11) C
12) C
13) TRUE
14) A
15) FALSE
16) TRUE
17) C
18) B
19) FALSE
20) D
21) C
22) B
23) C
24) FALSE
25) FALSE
26) TRUE
27) B
28) A
29) C
30) FALSE
31) D
32) A
33) TRUE
34) FALSE
35) A
36) FALSE
37) FALSE
38) C
39) D
40) FALSE

5
Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Read the following definition by Gill and Johnson (1997): a formulation regarding the cause and effect 1)
relationships between two or more variables, which may or may not have been tested. Which one of these
does it define?
A) Sampling B) Theory C) Secondary Data D) Observation

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

2) Positivism and interpretivism are research philosophies. 2)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

3) A research philosophy contains assumptions about ________. 3)

A) Your methodology B) Your sampling size
C) Your view of the world D) None of the above

4) Research philosophies are about ________. 4)

A) Development of knowledge B) Nature of knowledge
C) Both D) None

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

5) Induction is often seen as the alternative to deduction. 5)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

6) The word paradigm means ________. 6)

A) A theoretical framework B) A branch of physics
C) Being forced to do something D) A type of sampling

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

7) The positivist paradigm focuses on the facts or causes. 7)

8) The positivist paradigm focuses on the subjective meaning of the subject under investigation. 8)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

9) Which of these is a philosophical concern for understanding the differences between social actors? 9)
A) Objectivism B) Realism C) Interpretivism D) Subjectivism

10) Which of these is a philosophical concern for fact or reality and a rejection of the impractical? 10)
A) Prism B) Realism C) Stealthism D) Unrealism

1
 11) Carefully study the stages below. Do they refer to Induction or Deduction? 11)
Theory developed
Hypothesis worded
Observations made
Hypothesis tested on data
Theory revised
A) Deduction B) Induction

12) Carefully study the stages below. Do they refer to Induction or Deduction? 12)
Observations made
Theory developed
Hypothesis worded
Hypothesis tested on data
Theory revised
A) Deduction B) Induction

13) Which research approach will suit the following research question best? "How does the behaviour 13)
of follows affect leadership success?"
A) Deduction B) Induction

14) Which research approach will suit the following research question best? "Does trade union 14)
presence have a significantly negative influence on the profits of medium-sized companies?"
A) Deduction B) Induction

15) The importance of researcher independence of what is being researched reflects which research 15)
approach?
A) Induction B) Deduction

16) Epistemology refers to ________. 16)

A) Your view of the world
B) A theory of organisations
C) A framework of reality
D) What constitutes acceptable knowledge in a field of study

17) Ontology refers to ________. 17)

A) The nature of reality B) How you study organisations
C) The study of organsiational behaviour D) A field of management research

18) Which of the below influences your research philosophy and the way in which you approach your 18)
research?
A) Epistemology B) Axiology C) Ontology D) All of the above

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

19) Objectivism holds that organisations exist as real entities. 19)

20) Subjectvism assumes that organisations are social constructs. 20)

21) A natural scientist's research philosophy is related to interpretivism. 21)

2
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

22) Phenomenology and symbolic interactionism are associated with which epistemology? 22)
A) Positivism B) Interpretivism C) Pragmatism D) Realism

23) There are two types of realism, direct realism and ________. 23)
A) Implicit realism B) Indirect realism
C) Critical realism D) Empirical realism

24) Pragmatism means ________. 24)

A) Choosing between positivst and interpretivist philosophy
B) Adopting an interpretivist perspective
C) Adopting a positivst perspective
D) Being led by a relevant research question

25) Axiology is a branch of philosophy that studies judgement about ________. 25)
A) Space B) Value C) Structure D) Time

26) Burrell and Morgan's (1979) four paradigms are defined by four dimensions. Subjectivist, 26)
Objectivist and ________.
A) Stagnation and Chaos B) Radical change and regulation
C) Radical change and stagnation D) Regulation and Chaos

27) Radical humanism is what? 27)

A) A philosophy B) A method C) A theory D) A paradigm

28) The radical change dimension in Burrell and Morgan's (1979) paradigm model adopts ________. 28)
A) A critical view on organisational life B) A marxist view on organisational life
C) Both D) None

29) Which of Burrell and Morgan's (1979) four research paradigms is defined as objectivist and 29)
focussing on radical change?
A) Radical structuralist B) Functionalist
C) Radical humanist D) Interpretive

30) Which of Burrell and Morgan's (1979) four research paradigms is defined as subjectivist and 30)
focussing on radical change?
A) Functionalist B) Interpretive
C) Radical structuralist D) Radical humanist

31) Which of Burrell and Morgan's (1979) four paradigms is concerned with providing practical 31)
solutions to practical problems?
A) Functionalist B) Radical structuralist
C) Interpretive D) Radical humanist

32) Which of Burrell and Morgan's (1979) four paradigms assumes power to be a relationship? 32)
A) Radical structuralist B) Interpretive
C) Radical humanist D) Functionalist

3
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

33) Which research philosophy or paradigm is best for you depends on your research question. 33)

34) Your research philosophy or paradigm will influence the formulation of your research question. 34)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

35) An inductive research approach is more often associated with which research philosophy? 35)
A) Realism B) Prism C) Positivism D) Interpretivism

36) Positivism is more often associated with which research approach? 36)
A) Induction B) Deduction C) Both D) None

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

37) It is considered poor practice to combine inductive and deductive research approaches. 37)

38) Inductive research is usually quicker than deductive research. 38)

39) Generalisability of findings is not a major concern of inductive research. 39)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

40) The assumption that an organisation is a culture reflects which ontological perspective? 40)
A) Subjectivism B) Objectivism

4
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED4

1) B
2) TRUE
3) C
4) C
5) TRUE
6) A
7) TRUE
8) FALSE
9) C
10) B
11) A
12) B
13) B
14) A
15) B
16) D
17) A
18) D
19) TRUE
20) TRUE
21) FALSE
22) B
23) B
24) D
25) B
26) B
27) D
28) A
29) A
30) D
31) A
32) A
33) TRUE
34) TRUE
35) D
36) B
37) FALSE
38) FALSE
39) TRUE
40) B

5
Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which one of these is NOT normally associated with quantitative data? 1)

A) Numbers B) Analysis guided by standardised rules
C) Analysis begins as data are collected D) Researchers views of high importance

2) The testing of hypotheses is most often associated with which type of research? 2)
A) Exploratory B) Explanatory C) Descriptive

3) Providing an account of the recent scandal of price fixing at British Airways is associated with what 3)
type of research?
A) Exploratory B) Explanatory C) Descriptive

4) The use of focus group interviews, searching the literature and/or interviewing experts are 4)
associated with which type of research?
A) Exploratory B) Explanatory C) Descriptive

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

5) A research study can never be a combination of exploratory, explanatory and/or descriptive 5)

elements.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

6) Which one of the following is a data collection method? 6)

A) The onion B) The Interview C) The case study D) Positivism

7) Which one of these is NOT normally associated with qualitative data? 7)

A) Narrative B) Words C) Pie Charts D) Images

8) A study is based on 30 people (across three focus groups), what type of study is this? 8)
A) Quantitative Study B) Qualitative Study
C) Structured Study D) Questionnaire Study

9) A study is based on 1000 people interviewed face to face in shopping centres, what type of study is 9)
this?
A) Ethnographic Study B) Qualitative Study
C) Questionnaire Study D) Self-completion Study

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

10) Quantitative research is associated with two techniques: focus groups and in-depth interviews. 10)

1
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

11) Which research strategy is described here? The introduction of planned change on one or more of 11)
the variables; measurement on a small number of variables and control of other variables.
A) Ethnography B) Survey C) Case study D) Experiment

12) Triangulation can come about from which one of the following? 12)
A) Checking results three times
B) Using more than one approach
C) Using one of three sampling methods
D) Doing a survey with at least three respondents

13) What type of validity is difficult to achieve with experiments? 13)

A) Internal validity B) External validity
C) Both D) None

14) Which research strategy is described here? The collection of data using questionnaires, but it also 14)
includes other techniques (e.g. structured observation and structured interviews).
A) Survey B) Action research
C) Grounded theory D) Ethnography

15) Which research strategy is described here? The researcher is involved in the acts under study, s/he 15)
causes changes and monitors the outcomes.
A) Case study B) Grounded theory
C) Survey D) Action research

16) Which of these should be most valuable to show a gradual change in behaviour over time? 16)
A) Longitudinal Studies B) Extrapolations
C) Snapshot Surveys D) Experimental Studies

17) Which research strategy is described here? Theory is developed from data generated by a series of 17)
observations or interviews principally involving an inductive approach.
A) Ethnography B) Grounded theory
C) Action research D) Experiment

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

18) A case study strategy is usually associated with the deductive approach. 18)

19) Research strategies should not be combined. 19)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

20) Which research strategy is described here? The empirical investigation of a particular 20)
contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context, using multiple sources of evidence.
A) Survey B) Experiment
C) Grounded theory D) Case study

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

21) If a study is reliable, it means that it measures what we think it should measure. 21)

2
 22) If a study is valid, it means that we get the same result if the study is repeated. 22)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

23) For any study you should question the validity and reliability of ________. 23)
A) The interviewing process B) The questionnaire
C) The sampling procedure D) All of the above

24) A study interviews a representative sample of the nations population every week to detect how 24)
many people read a particular newspaper. A prize draw is introduced for participants as an
incentive to do the interview. What impact will the incentive have on the readership results for the
newspaper in question?
A) Readership will decrease
B) Readership will increase
C) No impact: there will be no difference in readership figures
D) There may be an increase or decrease in readership figures, or they may stay the same

25) Which research strategy is described here? The focus is on describing and interpreting the social 25)
world through first-hand field study.
A) Experiment B) Case study C) Survey D) Ethnography

26) In which of these studies is validity in question? 26)

A) Qualitative B) Positivist C) Quantitative

27) In which of these studies is there LESS emphasis on measurement and MORE emphasis on 27)
understanding?
A) Quantitative B) Qualitative C) Positivist

28) What does TRIANGULATION mean? 28)

A) Using different data collection techniques in one study
B) Using three research philosophies in one study
C) Looking at an issue from three perspectives
D) Using three research strategies in one study

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

29) Questionnaires are the only data collection techniques in surveys. 29)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

30) Archival research uses what as a principle source of data? 30)

A) Administrative records and documents B) Libraries
C) Anecdotes D) All of the above

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

31) Mono method studies use only quantitative data collection methods. 31)

32) Multiple methods refers to the use of more than one data collection technique. 32)

3
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

33) The use of more than one data collection technique of the same kind, i.e. quantitative or qualitative, 33)
is referred to as ________.
A) Multi method B) Mono method C) Mixed method

34) The combination of quantitative and qualitative data collection methods is referred to as ________. 34)
A) Mixed method B) Mono method C) Multi method

35) Mixed model research combines what? 35)

A) Quantitative and qualitative methods B) Quantitative analysis of qualitative data
C) Qualitative analysis of quantitative data D) All of the above

36) Cross-sectional research studies ________. 36)

A) A phenomenon in different industries
B) A phenomenon at a particular point in time
C) A phenomenon over a period of time
D) A phenomenon in different countries

37) Which of the following is NOT a threat to reliability? 37)

A) Subject bias B) Subject error C) Listener bias D) Observer bias

38) Which of the following is NOT a threat to validity? 38)

A) History B) Testing
C) Saturation D) Instrumentation

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

39) Generalisability is sometimes referred to as external validity. 39)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

40) Mortality and Maturation area threats to ________. 40)

A) Generalisability B) Reliability C) Validity

4
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

1) D
2) B
3) C
4) A
5) FALSE
6) B
7) C
8) B
9) C
10) FALSE
11) D
12) B
13) B
14) A
15) D
16) A
17) B
18) FALSE
19) FALSE
20) D
21) FALSE
22) FALSE
23) D
24) D
25) D
26) A
27) B
28) A
29) FALSE
30) A
31) FALSE
32) TRUE
33) A
34) A
35) D
36) B
37) C
38) C
39) TRUE
40) C