Project :Rajanahalli Lift Irrigation Scheme

Rev : r 0 ; Date : 22 th Aug 2007

D S Deshpande . Consulting engg .

Stage I

Flow of water in m3 / hr 4834.8

Velocity of fluid in m/ s 2.2
Pipe size in m 0.88
Pipe size in mm 881.56
Selected pipe size in mm 1016

Sr. No Description Height in m

A Static head

1 Water Resrvoir Level -Min.(MSL)

2 Plant Gr. Level
3 Trestle Height / Tank Height
Sh STATIC HEAD - m 70.2

B Pipe friction Loss -m

For pump discharge header

1 Flow of pump m3/hr 4934.8
2 Total Flow in m3 / hr 4934.8
3 Pipe Length in m 24500
4 Pipe Dia in mm 1016
5 C' Value 140
hf PIPE FRICTION LOSS -m 45.92

10.65 * Q ^1.852 * L
As per AWWA M 11 Eq - 3.2 M
hf = -------------------------------
C ^1.852 * D ^4.87

C Velocity loss-m

vf VELOCITY lOSS-m 0.15

Q
vf = [-------------- ^ 2] / 2 / g
(Π /4 * D^2)
 TOTAL DIFF. HEAD FOR PIPE - M 116.26

P Internal design pressure ( kg/cm2.) 17.44

Do Outside diameter of the pipe (mm). 1016
S Allowable design stress ( kg/cm2). 50 % of yield stress 1275

t Minimum pipe wall thickness ( mm ) (Pressure x diameter ) / ( 2 x 6.95

Stress )
T Maximum pipe wall thickness (mm) t / 0.875 7.94

Selected Pipe wall thickness in mm 8

Pipe thickness based on External fluid pressure.

(Based on AWWA standard M11.)

FOR 1219 NB PIPE

dn Diameter to neutral axis of the shell ( mm) 1219

Pc Collasping pressure, (kg / cm2) 1
t Thickness of pipe shell ( mm ) (Collasping pressure *( Diameter 7.28
to neutral )^3/ (459.65x 10^9))^
1/3 ,as vaccum is considered an absolute value .
This equation do not include any theoretical safety factors

Pc = 459.65* 10^9* t / dn ( )^3

Pc - Collasping pressure, (Pa) 1 Kg / cm2= 98087 Pa

Selected Pipe wall thickness in mm 8

Load Determination
(Based on AWWA standard M11.)

1) Dead load on the pipe due to soil

If the flexible pipe is buried in aditch less than two times the width of pipe , load is given as based on eq.6.1

Hc Height of fill above conduit.( m) 1.00

Bd Width of trench at top of pipe (m) 1.92
Cd Load co-efficient based on Hc/Bd. Height of fill(m) / Width of trench 0.52
at of pipe(m)
w Unit weight of fill ( kg/m3 ) 1923.07
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 1.016
W1 Dead load on pipe due to soil ( kg / m ) Load coeff. x Unit wt. x( Width of 1953.84
trench)^ 2* ( Dia. Of pipe / Width
of trench )

2)Weight of soil water above top of the pipe

hw Water level below ground level ( m ) 0.70

Yw Specific weight of water ( kg / m3 ) 999.02
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 1.016
W2 Weight of soil water above top of the pipe water level below ground x 710.51
Specific wt. of water x Dia. Of
( kgs / m ) pipe.

3) Weight of concrete coating above top of pipe.

D Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

t Thickness of concrete coating in mm 25
R O.D. of pipe + coating thickness ( m ) 1.041
r O.D. of pipe ( m ) 1.016
A Area of coating at top of pipe.( m2 ) (π/4( O. D with coating^2 - O. D 0.04

of pipe^2 ))
V Net volume of concrete coating ( m3 ) . Area x Length 0.04
W3 Net weight of concrete coating per m ( kgs / m ) Volume x Density of concrete 96.88

4) Weight of concrete lining in the pipe.

ρ Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

D O.D. of pipe ( m ) 1.016
t Thickness of concrete lining in mm 25
d I.D. of pipe (m) 0.966
A Area of lining in the pipe.(m2) (π/4( O. D with piping^2)) - 2x 0.08

thickness of lining
V Net volume of lining in the pipe (m3) Area x Length 0.08
W4 Net weight of concrete lining per m ( kgs / m) Volume x Density of conc. 186.80

Deflection due to all above loads

Based on eq.no.6.5 AWWA M11 Edition 4

Dl Deflection lag factor 1.00

t Thickness (mm) 8.00
I Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 42.67
individual pipe wall comp.
E Modulus of elasticity (kg/ cm2) 2109259.65
EI Pipe wall stiffness ( kg.mm ) Ex I 899950.78
K Bending constant 0.10
W Load per unit length (kg/m) 2948.03
r Radius in (mm) 508.00
E' Modulus of soil reaction( kg/ cm2 ) 35.16

Ec Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281234.62

tc Thickness of concrete coating (mm) 25.00
Ic Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.(cm3)
EcIc Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete coating (kg.mm) 3661909.11
El Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281234.62
tl Thickness of concrete lining (mm) 25.00
Il Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.(mm3)
ElIl Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete lining (kg.mm ) 3661909.11
^x Horizontal deflection of pipe ( mm ) 3.502

Deflection = Deflection lag factor x ( K w r3 / EI +0.061 E’ r3)

(Eq. No.6.5 of AWWA M11 Edition 4)

* Deflection lag factor, Dl, accounts for long term deflection as result of consolidation or settlement of backfill material
at the sides of the pipe. For pressure pipe, Dl is 1.0 , because long term deflection are largely prevented by the
supporting action of the internal hydrostatic pressure .
* Underload , the individual elements - i.e., mortar lining, steel shell, and mortar coating - work together as laminated rings .
i.e., Es Is + Ec Ic + El Il

Allowable pipe deflection :-

Motor lined & coated = 2 % of pipe diameter
Motor lined & Flexible coated = 3 % of pipe diameter
Flexible lined & coated = 5 % of pipe diameter

In above case allowable pipe deflection is : 24.38

Remark :

Checking for BUCKLING

Allowable buckling pressure.

Based on eq.no.6.7 AWWA M11 Edition 4

hw Height of water surface above top pipe (m) 1.50

H Height of fill above pipe (m) 1
B' Empirical co-efficient of elastic support 1/( 1 + 4 e^ (-0.065 H ) 0.24
dimensionless
Rw Water buoyancy factor 1-0.033( hw/ h ) 0.50533
FS Design factor 2
t Thickness (mm) 8.00
I Transverse moment of inertia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 42.67
individual pipe wall comp.
E Modulus of elasticity (kg/cm2) 2109300.00
EI Pipe wall stiffness ( kg.mm) 899968.00
E' Modulus of soil reaction (kg/cm2) 35.16
tc Thickness of concrete coating (mm) 25.00
Ic Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.
Ec Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281240.00
EcIc Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete coating (kg.mm) 3661979.17
D Diameter of pipe (mm) 1016
qa Allowable buckling pressure ( kg/ cm2 ) 3.82

Allowable Buckling pressure = (1/F.S.) (32 x Rw x B’ x E’ EI /D3) 1/2

Eq. No.6.7 of AWWA std.M11 edition 4 th
Actual Buckling pressure on pipe

1) Stress due to soil water on top on pipe

hw Height of water above conduit ( mm ) 500.00

‫ﻻ‬ Specific weight of water ( kg/m3 ) 1000.00
S Stress due to water on top of pipe ( kg / cm2 ) Height of water above
conduit(cm) x Specific weight of 0.05
water (kg/cm3)

2) Stress due to soil on top

Rw Water buoyancy factor 0.51

Hc Height of fill above conduit.( m) 1
w Unit weight of fill ( kg/m3 ) 1923.07
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 1.016
W1 Vertical soil load on pipe due to soil per unit Height of fill x Unit wt. of fill x Dia. 1953.84
length ( kg / m ) Of pipe.
D Diameter of pipe.( m ) 1.016
S Stress due to soil on top (kg / cm2 ) Rw x Wt. due to soil load ( kg /cm 0.10
) / Diameter (cm )

3) Stress of concrete coating above top of pipe.

D Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

t Thickness of concrete coating in mm 25.00
R O.D. of pipe + coating thickness ( m ) 1.041
r O.D. of pipe ( m ) 1.016
A Area of coating at top of pipe.( m2 ) (π/4( O. D with coating^2 - O. D 0.04
of pipe^2 ))
V Net volume of concrete coating ( m3 ) . Area x Length 0.04
W3 Net weight of concrete coating ( kgs ) 96.88
Ap Projected area in m2 O.D with coating x Unit length.in 1.04
m
S Stress due to concrete coating ( kg / cm2 ) Wt. due to conc. Coating (kgs) / 0.01
Projected area in (cm2)

Total buckling pressure ( kg / cm2 ) 0.16

Remark : As total buckling pressure ( 2.19 ) is less than Allowable buckling pressure ( 0.16 kg / cm2)
the condition are O.K . Within limits

Conclusion :
Lowest wt per mitre of pipe for diameter 1219 & thk. 8 mm
As per IS : 2062
Gr.fe.410 yield stress =
250 Mpa = 2547 kg/ cm2
Eq ( 4-1)

Mill tolerance @ 12.5 %

OD THICKNESS LENGTH DENSITY #VALUE!

914 12 1 7850 266.97
1016 8 1 7850 198.90
1219 8 1 7850 238.95
Eq 4.3 M 1316 8 1 7850 258.09

Eq 6.1
Coating is considered

only at top of pipe

for unit length .

for unit length .

Ranges from 1.0 -1.5

E =206842710 kPa for steel

EI - Pipe wall stiffness

Measure of stiffness of
embedment material
E =27579028 kPa for concrete
 E =27579028 kPa for concrete

ings .

0 ≤ hw ≤ h

E =206842710 kPa for steel

E =27579028 kPa for concrete

Eq 6.4

Coating is considered
only at top of pipe
for unit length .

Projection of load over

pipe
 Project :Rajanahalli Lift Irrigation Scheme
Rev : r 0 ; Date : 22 th Aug 2007
D S Deshpande . Consulting engg .

DC1

Flow of water in m3 / hr 3348

Velocity of fluid in m/ s 2.4
Pipe size in m 0.70
Pipe size in mm 702.36
Selected pipe size in mm 813

Sr. No Description Height in m

A Static head

1 Water Resrvoir Level -Min.(MSL)

2 Plant Gr. Level
3 Trestle Height / Tank Height
Sh STATIC HEAD - m 75

B Pipe friction Loss -m

For pump discharge header

1 Flow of pump m3/hr 3348
2 Total Flow in m3 / hr 3348
3 Pipe Length in m 11960
4 Pipe Dia in mm 813
5 C' Value 140
hf PIPE FRICTION LOSS -m 32.35

10.65 * Q ^1.852 * L
As per AWWA M 11 Eq - 3.2 M
hf = -------------------------------
C ^1.852 * D ^4.87

C Velocity loss-m

vf VELOCITY lOSS-m 0.16

Q
vf = [-------------- ^ 2] / 2 / g
(Π /4 * D^2)
 TOTAL DIFF. HEAD FOR PIPE - M 107.52

P Internal design pressure ( kg/cm2.) 16.13

Do Outside diameter of the pipe (mm). 813
S Allowable design stress ( kg/cm2). 50 % of yield stress 1275

t Minimum pipe wall thickness ( mm ) (Pressure x diameter ) / ( 2 x 5.14

Stress )
T Maximum pipe wall thickness (mm) t / 0.875 5.88

Selected Pipe wall thickness in mm 6

Pipe thickness based on External fluid pressure.

(Based on AWWA standard M11.)

FOR 700 NB PIPE

dn Diameter to neutral axis of the shell ( mm) 711

Pc Collasping pressure, (kg / cm2) 1
t Thickness of pipe shell ( mm ) (Collasping pressure *( Diameter 4.25
to neutral )^3/ (459.65x 10^9))^
1/3

This equation do not include any theoretical safety factors ,as vaccum is considered an absolute value .

Pc = 459.65* 10^9* t / dn ( )^3

OD
Pc - Collasping pressure, (Pa) 1 Kg / cm2= 98087 Pa 813
914
Selected Pipe wall thickness in mm 8 1016
1118
Load Determination 711
(Based on AWWA standard M11.) 610

1) Dead load on the pipe due to soil

If the flexible pipe is buried in aditch less than two times the width of pipe , load is given as based on eq.6.1

Hc Height of fill above conduit.( m) 1.00

Bd Width of trench at top of pipe (m) 1.61
Cd Load co-efficient based on Hc/Bd. Height of fill(m) / Width of trench 0.62
at of pipe(m)
w Unit weight of fill ( kg/m3 ) 1923.07
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 0.813
W1 Dead load on pipe due to soil ( kg / m ) Load coeff. x Unit wt. x( Width of 1563.46
trench)^ 2* ( Dia. Of pipe / Width
of trench )
2)Weight of soil water above top of the pipe

hw Water level below ground level ( m ) 0.70

Yw Specific weight of water ( kg / m3 ) 999.02
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 0.813
W2 Weight of soil water above top of the pipe water level below ground x 568.54
Specific wt. of water x Dia. Of
( kgs / m ) pipe.

3) Weight of concrete coating above top of pipe.

D Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

t Thickness of concrete coating in mm 25
R O.D. of pipe + coating thickness ( m ) 0.838
r O.D. of pipe ( m ) 0.813
A Area of coating at top of pipe.( m2 ) (π/4( O. D with coating^2 - O. D 0.03

of pipe^2 ))
V Net volume of concrete coating ( m3 ) . Area x Length 0.03
W3 Net weight of concrete coating per m ( kgs / m ) Volume x Density of concrete 77.76

4) Weight of concrete lining in the pipe.

ρ Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

D O.D. of pipe ( m ) 0.813
t Thickness of concrete lining in mm 25
d I.D. of pipe (m) 0.763
A Area of lining in the pipe.(m2) (π/4( O. D with piping^2)) - 2x 0.06
thickness of lining
V Net volume of lining in the pipe (m3) Area x Length 0.06
W4 Net weight of concrete lining per m ( kgs / m) Volume x Density of conc. 148.53

Deflection due to all above loads

Based on eq.no.6.5 AWWA M11 Edition 4

Dl Deflection lag factor 1.00

t Thickness (mm) 6.00
I Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 18.00
individual pipe wall comp.
E Modulus of elasticity (kg/ cm2) 2109259.65
EI Pipe wall stiffness ( kg.mm ) Ex I 379666.74
K Bending constant 0.10
W Load per unit length (kg/m) 2358.30
r Radius in (mm) 406.50
E' Modulus of soil reaction( kg/ cm2 ) 35.16

Ec Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281234.62

tc Thickness of concrete coating (mm) 25.00
Ic Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.(cm3)
EcIc Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete coating (kg.mm) 3661909.11
El Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281234.62
tl Thickness of concrete lining (mm) 25.00
Il Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.(mm3)
ElIl Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete lining (kg.mm ) 3661909.11
^x Horizontal deflection of pipe ( mm ) 1.732

Deflection = Deflection lag factor x ( K w r3 / EI +0.061 E’ r3)

(Eq. No.6.5 of AWWA M11 Edition 4)

* Deflection lag factor, Dl, accounts for long term deflection as result of consolidation or settlement of backfill material
at the sides of the pipe. For pressure pipe, Dl is 1.0 , because long term deflection are largely prevented by the
supporting action of the internal hydrostatic pressure .
* Underload , the individual elements - i.e., mortar lining, steel shell, and mortar coating - work together as laminated rings .
i.e., Es Is + Ec Ic + El Il

Allowable pipe deflection :-

Motor lined & coated = 2 % of pipe diameter
Motor lined & Flexible coated = 3 % of pipe diameter
Flexible lined & coated = 5 % of pipe diameter

In above case allowable pipe deflection is : 14

Remark :

Checking for BUCKLING

Allowable buckling pressure.

Based on eq.no.6.7 AWWA M11 Edition 4

hw Height of water surface above top pipe (m) 1.50

H Height of fill above pipe (m) 1
B' Empirical co-efficient of elastic support 1/( 1 + 4 e^ (-0.065 H ) 0.24
dimensionless
Rw Water buoyancy factor 1-0.033( hw/ h ) 0.50533
FS Design factor 2
t Thickness (mm) 6.00
I Transverse moment of inertia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 18.00
individual pipe wall comp.
E Modulus of elasticity (kg/cm2) 2109300.00
EI Pipe wall stiffness ( kg.mm) 379674.00
E' Modulus of soil reaction (kg/cm2) 35.16
tc Thickness of concrete coating (mm) 25.00
Ic Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.
Ec Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281240.00
EcIc Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete coating (kg.mm) 3661979.17
D Diameter of pipe (mm) 813
qa Allowable buckling pressure ( kg/ cm2 ) 5.03
 Allowable Buckling pressure = (1/F.S.) (32 x Rw x B’ x E’ EI /D3) 1/2
Eq. No.6.7 of AWWA std.M11 edition 4 th

Actual Buckling pressure on pipe

1) Stress due to soil water on top on pipe

hw Height of water above conduit ( mm ) 500.00

‫ﻻ‬ Specific weight of water ( kg/m3 ) 1000.00
S Stress due to water on top of pipe ( kg / cm2 ) Height of water above
conduit(cm) x Specific weight of 0.05
water (kg/cm3)

2) Stress due to soil on top

Rw Water buoyancy factor 0.51

Hc Height of fill above conduit.( m) 1
w Unit weight of fill ( kg/m3 ) 1923.07
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 0.813
W1 Vertical soil load on pipe due to soil per unit Height of fill x Unit wt. of fill x Dia. 1563.46
length ( kg / m ) Of pipe.
D Diameter of pipe.( m ) 0.813
S Stress due to soil on top (kg / cm2 ) Rw x Wt. due to soil load ( kg /cm 0.10
) / Diameter (cm )

3) Stress of concrete coating above top of pipe.

D Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

t Thickness of concrete coating in mm 25.00
R O.D. of pipe + coating thickness ( m ) 0.838
r O.D. of pipe ( m ) 0.813
A Area of coating at top of pipe.( m2 ) (π/4( O. D with coating^2 - O. D 0.03
of pipe^2 ))
V Net volume of concrete coating ( m3 ) . Area x Length 0.03
W3 Net weight of concrete coating ( kgs ) 77.76
Ap Projected area in m2 O.D with coating x Unit length.in 0.84
m
S Stress due to concrete coating ( kg / cm2 ) Wt. due to conc. Coating (kgs) / 0.01
Projected area in (cm2)

Total buckling pressure ( kg / cm2 ) 0.16

Remark : As total buckling pressure ( 6.53 ) is less than Allowable buckling pressure ( 0.16 kg / cm2)
the condition are O.K . Within limits
As per IS : 2062
Gr.fe.410 yield stress =
250 Mpa = 2547 kg/ cm2
Eq ( 4-1)

Mill tolerance @ 12.5 %

Eq 4.3 M

THICKNESS LENGTH DENSITY #VALUE!

6 1 7850 119.43
8 1 7850 178.77
8 1 7850 198.90
8 1 7850 219.02
8 1 7850 138.71
12 1 7850 176.99

Eq 6.1
Coating is considered

only at top of pipe

for unit length .

for unit length .

Ranges from 1.0 -1.5

E =206842710 kPa for steel

EI - Pipe wall stiffness

Measure of stiffness of
embedment material
E =27579028 kPa for concrete
 E =27579028 kPa for concrete

ings .

0 ≤ hw ≤ h

E =206842710 kPa for steel

E =27579028 kPa for concrete

Eq 6.4

Coating is considered
only at top of pipe
for unit length .

Projection of load over

pipe
 Project :Rajanahalli Lift Irrigation Scheme
Rev : r 0 ; Date : 22 th Aug 2007
D S Deshpande . Consulting engg .

DC1

Flow of water in m3 / hr 1486.8

Velocity of fluid in m/ s 2.3
Pipe size in m 0.48
Pipe size in mm 478.12
Selected pipe size in mm 610

Sr. No Description Height in m

A Static head

Sh STATIC HEAD - m 75

B Pipe friction Loss -m

For pump discharge header

1 Flow of pump m3/hr 1486.8
2 Total Flow in m3 / hr 1486.8
3 Pipe Length in m 11960
4 Pipe Dia in mm 610
5 C' Value 140
hf PIPE FRICTION LOSS -m 29.15

10.65 * Q ^1.852 * L
As per AWWA M 11 Eq - 3.2 M
hf = -------------------------------
C ^1.852 * D ^4.87

C Velocity loss-m

vf VELOCITY lOSS-m 0.10

Q
vf = [-------------- ^ 2] / 2 / g
(Π /4 * D^2)
TOTAL DIFF. HEAD FOR PIPE - M 104.25

P Internal design pressure ( kg/cm2.) 15.64

Do Outside diameter of the pipe (mm). 610
S Allowable design stress ( kg/cm2). 50 % of yield stress 1275

t Minimum pipe wall thickness ( mm ) (Pressure x diameter ) / ( 2 x 3.74

Stress )
T Maximum pipe wall thickness (mm) t / 0.875 4.28

Selected Pipe wall thickness in mm 5

Pipe thickness based on External fluid pressure.

(Based on AWWA standard M11.)

FOR 700 NB PIPE

dn Diameter to neutral axis of the shell ( mm) 508

Pc Collasping pressure, (kg / cm2) 1
t Thickness of pipe shell ( mm ) (Collasping pressure *( Diameter 3.04
to neutral )^3/ (459.65x 10^9))^
1/3

This equation do not include any theoretical safety factors ,as vaccum is considered an absolute value .

Pc = 459.65* 10^9* t / dn ( )^3

OD
Pc - Collasping pressure, (Pa) 1 Kg / cm2= 98087 Pa 610
508
Selected Pipe wall thickness in mm 6 711

Load Determination
(Based on AWWA standard M11.)

1) Dead load on the pipe due to soil

If the flexible pipe is buried in aditch less than two times the width of pipe , load is given as based on eq.6.1

Hc Height of fill above conduit.( m) 1.00

Bd Width of trench at top of pipe (m) 1.61
Cd Load co-efficient based on Hc/Bd. Height of fill(m) / Width of trench 0.62
at of pipe(m)
w Unit weight of fill ( kg/m3 ) 1923.07
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 0.610
W1 Dead load on pipe due to soil ( kg / m ) Load coeff. x Unit wt. x( Width of 1173.07
trench)^ 2* ( Dia. Of pipe / Width
of trench )

2)Weight of soil water above top of the pipe

hw Water level below ground level ( m ) 0.70

Yw Specific weight of water ( kg / m3 ) 999.02
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 0.610
W2 Weight of soil water above top of the pipe water level below ground x 426.58
Specific wt. of water x Dia. Of
( kgs / m ) pipe.

3) Weight of concrete coating above top of pipe.

D Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

t Thickness of concrete coating in mm 25
R O.D. of pipe + coating thickness ( m ) 0.635
r O.D. of pipe ( m ) 0.610
A Area of coating at top of pipe.( m2 ) (π/4( O. D with coating^2 - O. D 0.02

of pipe^2 ))
V Net volume of concrete coating ( m3 ) . Area x Length 0.02
W3 Net weight of concrete coating per m ( kgs / m ) Volume x Density of concrete 58.64

4) Weight of concrete lining in the pipe.

ρ Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

D O.D. of pipe ( m ) 0.610
t Thickness of concrete lining in mm 25
d I.D. of pipe (m) 0.56
A Area of lining in the pipe.(m2) (π/4( O. D with piping^2)) - 2x 0.05
thickness of lining
V Net volume of lining in the pipe (m3) Area x Length 0.05
W4 Net weight of concrete lining per m ( kgs / m) Volume x Density of conc. 110.27

Deflection due to all above loads

Based on eq.no.6.5 AWWA M11 Edition 4

Dl Deflection lag factor 1.00

t Thickness (mm) 5.00
I Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 10.42
individual pipe wall comp.
E Modulus of elasticity (kg/ cm2) 2109259.65
EI Pipe wall stiffness ( kg.mm ) Ex I 219714.55
K Bending constant 0.10
W Load per unit length (kg/m) 1768.57
r Radius in (mm) 305.00
E' Modulus of soil reaction( kg/ cm2 ) 35.16

Ec Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281234.62

tc Thickness of concrete coating (mm) 25.00
Ic Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.(cm3)
EcIc Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete coating (kg.mm) 3661909.11
El Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281234.62
tl Thickness of concrete lining (mm) 25.00
Il Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.(mm3)
ElIl Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete lining (kg.mm ) 3661909.11
^x Horizontal deflection of pipe ( mm ) 0.616

Deflection = Deflection lag factor x ( K w r3 / EI +0.061 E’ r3)

(Eq. No.6.5 of AWWA M11 Edition 4)

* Deflection lag factor, Dl, accounts for long term deflection as result of consolidation or settlement of backfill material
at the sides of the pipe. For pressure pipe, Dl is 1.0 , because long term deflection are largely prevented by the
supporting action of the internal hydrostatic pressure .
* Underload , the individual elements - i.e., mortar lining, steel shell, and mortar coating - work together as laminated rings .
i.e., Es Is + Ec Ic + El Il

Allowable pipe deflection :-

Motor lined & coated = 2 % of pipe diameter
Motor lined & Flexible coated = 3 % of pipe diameter
Flexible lined & coated = 5 % of pipe diameter

In above case allowable pipe deflection is : 14

Remark :

Checking for BUCKLING

Allowable buckling pressure.

Based on eq.no.6.7 AWWA M11 Edition 4

hw Height of water surface above top pipe (m) 1.50

H Height of fill above pipe (m) 1
B' Empirical co-efficient of elastic support 1/( 1 + 4 e^ (-0.065 H ) 0.24
dimensionless
Rw Water buoyancy factor 1-0.033( hw/ h ) 0.50533
FS Design factor 2
t Thickness (mm) 5.00
I Transverse moment of inertia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 10.42
individual pipe wall comp.
E Modulus of elasticity (kg/cm2) 2109300.00
EI Pipe wall stiffness ( kg.mm) 219718.75
E' Modulus of soil reaction (kg/cm2) 35.16
tc Thickness of concrete coating (mm) 25.00
Ic Transverse moment of interia/unit length of (Thickness ^3) / 12 1302.08
individual pipe wall comp.
Ec Modulus of concrete reaction ( kg/ cm2 ) 281240.00
EcIc Pipe wall stiffness due to concrete coating (kg.mm) 3661979.17
D Diameter of pipe (mm) 610
qa Allowable buckling pressure ( kg/ cm2 ) 7.58

Allowable Buckling pressure = (1/F.S.) (32 x Rw x B’ x E’ EI /D3) 1/2

Eq. No.6.7 of AWWA std.M11 edition 4 th
Actual Buckling pressure on pipe

1) Stress due to soil water on top on pipe

hw Height of water above conduit ( mm ) 500.00

‫ﻻ‬ Specific weight of water ( kg/m3 ) 1000.00
S Stress due to water on top of pipe ( kg / cm2 ) Height of water above
conduit(cm) x Specific weight of 0.05
water (kg/cm3)

2) Stress due to soil on top

Rw Water buoyancy factor 0.51

Hc Height of fill above conduit.( m) 1
w Unit weight of fill ( kg/m3 ) 1923.07
Bc Diameter of pipe ( m ). 0.610
W1 Vertical soil load on pipe due to soil per unit Height of fill x Unit wt. of fill x Dia. 1173.07
length ( kg / m ) Of pipe.
D Diameter of pipe.( m ) 0.610
S Stress due to soil on top (kg / cm2 ) Rw x Wt. due to soil load ( kg /cm 0.10
) / Diameter (cm )

3) Stress of concrete coating above top of pipe.

D Density of M 25 concrete coating.( kg/ m3) 2400

t Thickness of concrete coating in mm 25.00
R O.D. of pipe + coating thickness ( m ) 0.635
r O.D. of pipe ( m ) 0.610
A Area of coating at top of pipe.( m2 ) (π/4( O. D with coating^2 - O. D 0.02
of pipe^2 ))
V Net volume of concrete coating ( m3 ) . Area x Length 0.02
W3 Net weight of concrete coating ( kgs ) 58.64
Ap Projected area in m2 O.D with coating x Unit length.in 0.64
m
S Stress due to concrete coating ( kg / cm2 ) Wt. due to conc. Coating (kgs) / 0.01
Projected area in (cm2)

Total buckling pressure ( kg / cm2 ) 0.16

Remark : As total buckling pressure ( 6.53 ) is less than Allowable buckling pressure ( 0.16 kg / cm2)
the condition are O.K . Within limits
As per IS : 2062
Gr.fe.410 yield stress =
250 Mpa = 2547 kg/ cm2
Eq ( 4-1)

Mill tolerance @ 12.5 %

Eq 4.3 M

THICKNESS LENGTH DENSITY #VALUE!

5 1 7850 74.61
6 1 7850 74.29
6 1 7850 104.33

Eq 6.1
Coating is considered

only at top of pipe

for unit length .

for unit length .

Ranges from 1.0 -1.5

E =206842710 kPa for steel

EI - Pipe wall stiffness

Measure of stiffness of
embedment material
E =27579028 kPa for concrete
 E =27579028 kPa for concrete

ings .

0 ≤ hw ≤ h

E =206842710 kPa for steel

E =27579028 kPa for concrete

Eq 6.4

Coating is considered
only at top of pipe
for unit length .

Projection of load over

pipe