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Satisfice-Accept An Available Option As Satisfactory. An Arrangement or Classification of Things According To Relative Importance or Inclusiveness

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory proposed by Abraham Maslow that humans have a hierarchy of five needs: physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Maslow studied healthy individuals rather than mentally ill people. He proposed that basic needs must be met before progressing to meeting higher level needs. The hierarchy remains a popular framework in psychology, sociology, and management.

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43 views

Satisfice-Accept An Available Option As Satisfactory. An Arrangement or Classification of Things According To Relative Importance or Inclusiveness

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory proposed by Abraham Maslow that humans have a hierarchy of five needs: physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Maslow studied healthy individuals rather than mentally ill people. He proposed that basic needs must be met before progressing to meeting higher level needs. The hierarchy remains a popular framework in psychology, sociology, and management.

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Bryle James Biala
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Satisfice-accept an available option as satisfactory.

Hierarchy-an arrangement or classification of things according to relative importance or


inclusiveness.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943


paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in Psychological Review.[2] Maslow subsequently extended
the idea to include his observations of humans' innate curiosity. His theories parallel many other
theories of human developmental psychology, some of which focus on describing the stages of
growth in humans. Maslow used the terms "physiological", "safety", "belonging" and "love",
"esteem", "self-actualization", and "self-transcendence" to describe the pattern that human
motivations generally move through. The goal of Maslow's Theory is to attain the sixth level of stage:
self transcendent needs.[3]
Maslow studied what he called exemplary people such as Albert Einstein, Jane Addams, Eleanor
Roosevelt, and Frederick Douglass rather than mentally ill or neurotic people, writing that "the study
of crippled, stunted, immature, and unhealthy specimens can yield only a cripple psychology and a
cripple philosophy."[4]:236 Maslow studied the healthiest 1% of the college student population. [5]
Maslow's theory was fully expressed in his 1954 book Motivation and Personality.[4] The hierarchy
remains a very popular framework in sociology research, management
training[6] and secondary and higher psychology instruction.

Contents
  [hide] 

 1Hierarchy
o 1.1Physiological needs
o 1.2Safety needs
o 1.3Social belonging
o 1.4Esteem
o 1.5Self-actualization
o 1.6Self-transcendence
 2Application to Nursing
o 2.1The Human Dimensions and Basic Human Needs
 3Research
 4Criticism
o 4.1Ranking
 4.1.1Global ranking
 4.1.2Ranking of sex
 4.1.3Changes to the hierarchy by circumstance
o 4.2Definition of terms
 4.2.1Self-actualization
 5See also
 6References
 7Further reading
 8External links
Hierarchy[edit]
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is often portrayed in the shape of a pyramid with the largest, most
fundamental needs at the bottom and the need for self-actualization and self-transcendence at the
top.[1][7]
The most fundamental and basic four layers of the pyramid contain what Maslow called "deficiency
needs" or "d-needs": esteem, friendship and love, security, and physical needs. If these "deficiency
needs" are not met – with the exception of the most fundamental (physiological) need – there may
not be a physical indication, but the individual will feel anxious and tense. Maslow's theory suggests
that the most basic level of needs must be met before the individual will strongly desire (or focus
motivation upon) the secondary or higher level needs. Maslow also coined the term "metamotivation"
to describe the motivation of people who go beyond the scope of the basic needs and strive for
constant betterment.[8]
The human brain is a complex system and has parallel processes running at the same time, thus
many different motivations from various levels of Maslow's hierarchy can occur at the same time.
Maslow spoke clearly about these levels and their satisfaction in terms such as "relative", "general",
and "primarily". Instead of stating that the individual focuses on a certain need at any given time,
Maslow stated that a certain need "dominates" the human organism. [4] Thus Maslow acknowledged
the likelihood that the different levels of motivation could occur at any time in the human mind, but he
focused on identifying the basic types of motivation and the order in which they should be met.

Physiological needs[edit]
Physiological needs are the physical requirements for human survival. If these requirements are not
met, the human body cannot function properly and will ultimately fail. Physiological needs are
thought to be the most important; they should be met first.
Air, water, and food are metabolic requirements for survival in all animals, including humans.
Clothing and shelter provide necessary protection from the elements. While maintaining an adequate
birth rate shapes the intensity of the human sexual instinct, sexual competition may also shape said
instinct.[2]

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