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LEARNING MODULE
TLE – Home Economics G9|
Specialization

HANDICRAFT:
Needlecraft

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 Module 1:Embroidery
CONTENT STANDARD:

The learner applies the principles of art and handicraft to create a beautiful
and marketable

PERFORMANCE STANDARD:

The learner performs skillfully the use of design, materials, and techniques to create
embroidered products.

LESSONS AND COVERAGE:

In these lessons, you will achieve the following:

Lesson 1
Understand concepts related to needlecraft.
Understand embroidery as a craft and its techniques
Create embroidered products with package.

MODULE MAP:
Here is a sample map of the above lessons you will cover for this unit

Embroidery

Understand Embroidery as
Concept a craft

Identify Create define

embroidered
product

State identify

Manipulate Combine select

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 EXPECTED SKILLS:
To do well in this module, you need to remember and do the following:

1. Follow set standards.

2. Pay attention to details.
3. Take note of pertinent information.
4. Generate ideas with supporting details.
5. See the relationship and interconnectedness of concepts.
6. Organize and present ideas.

PRE-ASSESMENT

Multiple Choice
Directions: Read the statements carefully. Choose the letter in the box that best
describes the statement. Write the answer in your quiz notebook.

thimble stitch markers

cable needles crochet yarn
crochet hook plastic knitting needles
stiletto filler
embroidery frame or hoops needle threader

1. A tool used in making eyelets usually made of wood, bone or metal.

2. A device used to keep the fabric heavy stretched while applying stitches on
the design.
3. It comes in variety of natural or man-made fibers that has own
characteristics, and they differ from one another in tactile, tenacity and
weight.
4. A tool in crocheting that has a great effect to the finished product. It varies in
sizes and therefore should use the correct size suited to the article to be
produced.
5. It is used to help keep track of the number of stitches in a row.
6. A special kind of knitting needles used specifically to hold stitches.
7. These knitting needles are ideal for beginners and are the least expensive.
It is lighter and more flexible than metal designs.
8. A device used for the middle finger to prevent from being pierced by the
needle. It could be a metal, plastic or leather.
9. The material placed in between for the purpose of giving bulk to the quilted
article.
10. It is used for easier threading especially by those sewers with poor eyesight.

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 II. Identification

A. Directions: Identify the following pictures of stitches in embroidery, crochet,

knitting and types of quilting.

EMBROIDERY STITCHES

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
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 CROCHET STITCHES

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

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 III. Short Response Essay

Directions: Answer the following questions correctly. Write the answer in your
answer sheet.

Essay 1: What are the safety and precautionary measures that you should
observe when doing needlecraft projects? (5 points)

Essay 2: Choose at least one kind of needlecraft and explain its

benefit/contribution to a student like you? (5 points)

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 NEEDLECRAFT: An INTRODUCTION

HANDICRAFT IN THE PHILIPPINES

Are you aware that the Philippines is the second largest world producer of
handicrafts mainly baskets out of indigenous materials? Our country is blessed with
rich natural resources scattered throughout its 7, 107 islands. These God-given
natural wonders serve as means of survival since it is the primary source of our food,
shelter and other basic needs. As people continuously lived with the nature, they
discovered other things that nature can offer. Out of the raw materials from plants,
trees and other natural resources, unique and creative products have been created,
it passes through generation to generation and now it is known as handicrafts in
general.

The handicraft industry plays an important role in the economic growth of our
country especially now that many handicraft owners are exporting their products to
other countries. Through this, job opportunity is generated. Over the years,
Philippine handicrafts continuously sustain and promote our cultural heritage.

The other benefit of performing handicrafts includes helping reduce stress and
spends our leisure time wisely. It offers opportunity to express and enhance one’s
creativity which eventually leads to become a productive citizen of our country.

THE NEEDLECRAFT
There are various forms of handicrafts and one of these is needle craft.
Needlecraft uses needle for construction of products or articles. Others find it as a
hobby, but, it can be a lifetime profitable business. You may choose from the various
kinds of needlecraft such as crocheting, embroidering, quilting, and knitting.

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 SAFETY AND PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES in NEDDLECRAFT

Needlecraft, like any handicraft activity, need to be performed with an

observance of safety procedures. It is better that you finish all your activities and
projects within the allotted time safely. To avoid accidents while performing the
activities, below are the safety tips to observe:
1. Make sure that needles are in pin cushions before and after using it.
2. Never meddle with the work of others or tamper with their tools.
3. Never leave tools unattended.
4. Use the proper safety gear, such as a thimble.
5. Do not run or engage in “horseplay” while working.
6. Return your tools and materials to their storage place or sewing box after use.
7. In case of any accidents, report immediately to your teacher.

The realization of this precautionary measures lies not only to the teacher but
most especially to the students. Therefore, let us continuously promote a safe and
desirable workplace while having fun and learning new things.

ENHANCEMENT ACTIVITY

Based on the given precautionary measures, as a student like you how could you
apply it to your workplace? Cite an examples. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

END OF EXPLORE
Let’s try to find out if there would be a significant change in your
answers as we go along with our lessons.

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 FIRM UP

LESSON 1: Embroidery
 Understand embroidery as a technique
 Define embroidery as a needlecraft
 Identify the tools and materials used.

OVERVIEW

Embroidery is the handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with

needle and thread or yarn. It is available with a wide variety of thread or yarn color.
An interesting characteristic of embroidery is that the basic techniques or stitches on
surviving examples of the earliest embroidery—chain stitch, buttonhole or blanket
stitch, running stitch, satin stitch, cross stitch—remain the fundamental techniques of
hand embroidery today. It can be a profitable business or additional means of
augmenting income. You can also work from home with minimal start-up costs.

PRE-ASSESMENT

A. Multiple Choice
Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write your answer in your answer
sheet.

1. A place known to be the “Embroidery Capital of the Philippines”

A. Cuenca, Batangas C. Lumban, Laguna
B. Palo, Leyte D. Mabalacat, Pampanga

2. Embroidery in the Philippines became more popular because of its .

A. advertisements C. imported materials
B. fine workmanship D. big capital investments

3. In choosing the thread for embroidery, the foremost consideration is the .

A. ability of the person to embroider C. purpose of the article
B. laundering procedure D. color of the Material
4. These fabrics are intended for hard anger embroidery since the number of threads
per square inch is the same for both warp and weft/woof.
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 A. Even-wave fabric C. Common weave
B. Basket weave D. Original weave

5. It is a process of transferring design on the cloth using the perforated pattern, soft
absorbent cloth and petroleum or kerosene.
A. Stamping C. Tracing
B. Ironing D. Laundering
6. A decorative embroidery or shirring design to control fullness in garments by
gathering the fabrics:
A. Calado C. Embroidery
B. Cross Stitch D. Smocking
7. It is a popular form of counted-thread embroidery in which X-shaped stitches in a
tiled, raster-like pattern are used to form a picture.
A. Calado C. Embroidery
B. Cross Stitch D. Smocking
8. Calado is most appropriately embroidered for .
A. baby’s clothing C. aprons
B. undergarments D. Barong Tagalog
9. The simplest method of transferring design is .
A. ironing C. stamping
B. tracing D. printing

10. The success of an embroidered article depends largely on the of the

stitches:
A. size C. tension
B. width D. length

B. Matching Type
Directions: Match the descriptions in Column A to their correct names as listed in
Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer in your answer sheet.

Column A Column B
1. This tool is used for trimming A. Fabric
scallops, clipping threads, or
cutting large eyelets B. Pencil
2. It is selected according to the C. Ironing
purpose and the design to be
used usually varies from very D. Scissors
soft to very coarse or heavy.
E. Embroider frame
3. It is the device used to keep the
fabric heavy stretched while F. Embroidery threads

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 4. This material can be bought either
in skeins, balls or spool.

5. It is commonly used for placement

of fine lines on fabric. Many of
them have an eraser or brush and
some are water soluble so that
the marks can be removed from
the fabric.

LEARNING OUTCOME 1:
UNDERSTAND EMBROIDERY AS A CRAFT AND ITS TECHNIQUES

EMBROIDERY: A BRIEF BACKGROUND

Embroidery is the art or process of decorating fabric or other materials with a

wide variety of thread or yarn color using needle. There are six basic kinds of
embroidery, namely: pure stitchery, cutwork, drawn work, appliqué or patchwork,
quilting and smocking (Arriba’s, 1995).

Embroidery is one of the excellent sources of income since Philippine-made

embroidery articles are not only saleable here in the country, but these are also
admired and well-loved products in the international market such as in Indonesia,
Malaysia, Japan, America and other countries in Europe. (Department of Education
reference, SEDP series)

In the Philippines, embroidery started during the Spanish regime. Aside from
reading, writing and doing household chores and crafts, they also taught young women
how to do simple embroidery like decorating linens with attractive designs with the use
of needle and thread. The finished product was usually used for priests’ vestments,
altar tables, and clothes of statues and saints. Soon after, they applied embroidery on
other articles like handkerchiefs, blouses, dresses, shirts and table linens such as
tablecloths, table napkins and placemats. With great aptitude and skill in producing
beautiful embroidered articles showing their patience, dedication and good taste,
Filipino women were regarded as one of the most skillful embroiderer in the world .

Do you know that Lumban, Laguna is known as the “Embroidery Capital of the
Philippines”? Lumban became known as the "Embroidery Capital of the Philippines"
because it is where fine Jusi and Piña cloth are embroidered by hand. The finished
productstypically worn by men are known as “Barong Tagalog” and while the women
use the “Saya” (Filipina). These products are available not only here in our country but
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 also exported in other foreign countries.

Significantly, through embroidery we are able to express our creative

individualism based on what we inherit from our ancestors which gives pride to our
country. Proud to say, Philippine embroidered articles are noted for fine workmanship,
durability, beautiful designs, and intricate embroidery stitches.

Many towns in the Philippines, women and even young girls help the family
increase its income doing embroidery for big companies. Among these towns are
Paraňaque, Rizal, Province, Taal, and Batangas.

EMBROIDERY TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The quality of an embroidered article does not only depend on the skills of the
maker but also in the kind of sewing tools and materials being used.The embroidery
tools should be orderly put in a sewing box or into an organizer.

A. Embroidery Tools

Embroidery needle is a short piece of steel with a fine point at one end and a
little opening or eye at the other. Needles are of three basic types namely: a) crewel
sizes; b) chenille sizes and; c) tapestry needles

a. Crewell has sizes 1-10 and sharp-pointed,

medium - length with large eyes for easy
threading. They are used for most standard
embroidery stitching.

b. Chenille - sizes 13 to 26 are also sharp-pointed

needles, but they are thicker and longer and have
larger eyes; appropriate for embroidery that is
worked with heavier yarns.

c. Tapestry needles are from sizes 13 to 26.

They are similar in size to Chenille’s but are
blunt rather than sharp. This makes them best
for thread-counting embroidery and needle
point.

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 2. Embroidery scissors. You will need embroidery
scissors that are sharp, pointed, and curved
upward. They will help you in doing some tasks
like trimming scallops, clipping threads, or cutting
large eyelets. (SEDP Series, Technology and
Home Economics III)

3. Stiletto. It is the tool used in making eyelets. It is

usually made of wood, bone or metal.

4. Embroidery frame or Hoops.

It is a device to keep the fabric stretched
while you apply embroidery stitches on
the design.

5. Gauge or Ruler. It is used to measure short

distances. (from mam wella’s reference)

6. Tape Measure. It is intended for measuring more

than one-foot distances or materials.

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 7. Thimbles are made from metal or plastic, protect
the middle finger and push the needle while doing
embroidery work.

8. Needle Threader is used for easier threading especially

by those sewers with poor eyesight. (from mam wella’s
reference)

9. Pin Cushions maybe made of cotton, wool or hair. This is

where the pins and needles are pinned.

B. Embroidery Materials

1. Fabrics sometimes referred to as cloths, are of great variety, and they differ in
material, weight, weave, design, color and finish.

Types of Fabric:

a) Even-weave are intended for hardanger embroidery since

the number of threads per square inch is the same for both
warp and weft/woof.

b) Common-weave includes most tightly woven fabrics with a

relatively smooth surface like linen, wool and cotton. They

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 are best used for articles with decorative stitches.

c) Basket weave is commonly used by beginners and ramie

linen, wool and cotton. They are best used for articles with
decorative stitches.

2. Embroidery threads - They are bought in skeins, balls,

or spool. They are available in a variety of colors which
are usually coded with numbers and color names. Select
threads which are colorfast. Buy embroidery threads
which will suit the texture of the fabric. Some embroidery
threads are mercerized and shiny. (SEDP Series,
Technology and Home Economics III)

3. Carbon Paper - It is a specially waxed carbon paper that

transfer’s the tracing wheel’s markings to the fabric.
A color of tracing paper should be chosen that is
close to the color of the fabric. Different brands of tracing
paper have different instructions; therefore, the instructions
for the particular brand that is purchased has be followed.

4. Chalk Pencil allow for the placement of fine lines on fabric,

and many of them have an eraser or brush so that the
marks can be removed from the fabric.

Activity 2:
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
7

1 6

2 8 4

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 3

Hint:
HORIZONTAL
1. It is regarded as a member of satin stitch family ideal for making leaves or feather. stitch
2. It is wider form of back stitch ideal for decorative borders. stitch
3. It is a loose stitch designed to be invisible from the right side usually used for sewing
hems. stitch
4. An outline stitch often used for the stems in floral designs. stitch
5. It also called the continental stitch. stitch

Hint:
VERTICAL
6. It is a solid filling stitch worked very close together. stitch
7. It is a chain stitch popularly used for making decorative borders. It derived its name from its
resemblance to a rose bud. chain stitch
8. It is also called as double running stitch. Stitch

Activity 3:
Showcase Challenge With the use of technology (Internet), find more tools and
materials that you can use later as you engage
yourself in embroidery activities. Write them in one
whole sheet of bond paper and follow the sample below.

My Showcase Challenge Plan

My Showcase Idea:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

What materials and resources do i need to know? Why do i need to know them?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Why do i need to familiarize myself with these tools and materials?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

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Why do i need to finish the project on time?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

LESSON 2

LEARNING OUTCOME 2:
Create embroidered products with package

SPECIAL KINDS OF EMBROIDERY

CALADO
It is drawn work embroidery which the Philippines is noted for. Foreigners used
to buy and bring home our articles with Calado work because of the daintiness of
design and fineness of workmanship. Fine and even weave cloth is best suited for this.
To achieve good design, transfer your chosen design to the cloth by pricking method.

The Philippines was already known in Europe and other place throughout the
world for its fine, intricate embroidery work even far back as the 19 th century Among the
main centers of embroidery craftsmanship in the country during the time were Ermita,
Santa Ana, and Malate. Manila was particularly noted for embroidered articles with
satin-stitched designs combined with Calado.

The Calado Process

There are seven steps to make-up the Calado embroidery process for
beginners.
1. Draw the design on a sheet of paper
2. Using one of the methods of design transfer, transfer it to the wax paper.
3. With a fine needle, perforate the design
4. Print the design on fabric using a mixture of kerosene, alcohol and blue dye.
Your teacher will guide you in doing this step.
5. Set the work in a bastidor, or embroidery hoop, then apply Calado stitching on
the areas requiring this.
6. All around the work, apply scallop edging design
7. Soak and wash the work then set into the banatan, a rectangular embroidery
frame to stretch and even out the material.

Here is additional information particularly the steps on how to scallop the edge
(Heirloom Embroidery) of your fabric for a better result of your embroidered products:

1. Create a template to create a scalloped edge. Measure the edge of your garment
or fabric. Decide how large you want each scallop to be. Divide the width of the

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 scallop into the length of the fabric edge. Design the scallop width so that
scallops are placed on corners, e.g., the corners of a tablecloth or napkins.
2. Draw your template on a folder. Open the folder. Measure the height of the
scallop, which is the distance from the top of the notch between scallops and the
bottom of the curved part of the scallop. Mark the scallop height on both ends of
the folder and draw a line between the two marks. Mark the width of each scallop
along the line that you drew. Place a cylindrical object between the marks you
made to indicate the scallop width and trace around the bottom of the object.

3. Use a fine tailor's chalk pencil and your template to mark a scalloped edge on
your fabric or garment. Stitch a small running stitch 1/8 inch in from the edge of
the scalloped edge. Cut along the scalloped edge that you drew with tailor's
chalk.

4. Use a double strand of embroidery thread to create a satin embroidery stitch

along the scalloped edge of the fabric or garment. Begin stitching on the back-
side of the fabric, pull the thread through, pull the thread over the edge of the
fabric. Stitch up through the back-side of the fabric, inserting the needle very
close to previous stitch. Continue along the edge of your fabric or garment.
Maintain even thread tension to create a professional, couture appearance.

To attain beautiful lacy effects on fabrics that Calado embroidery can give, one
should make sure that the stitches are not too tight because it will give a wrinkled effect
nor too loose because it will result to unattractive and untidy looking.

Embroidery frame can help a lot in keeping the drawn thread stretched for a fine
finish. The tools and materials used in Calado embroidery is actually the same with the
basic embroidery work which was already discussed on the previous part of this lesson.

Also, note that plain fabrics are best used for ease in sewing especially for the
beginner like you. But, you can also use printed fabrics, you just have to be careful not to
be distracted while counting the number of threads to be pulled or drawn. Even-weave
and medium-weight materials are preferred.

SMOCKING
Smocking is a decorative embroidery or shirring especially designed to control
fullness in garments by gathering the fabric in regularly spaced tucks held in place with
fancy stitches. It is an interesting design feature in a variety of articles but is popularly
used for children’s women’s clothing. It is commonly applied to areas of clothing with
simple rectangular patterns such as the neckline, yoke, sleeve hem and cuffs.
Smocking was practical for garments to be both form fitting and flexible, hence its name
derives from smock — a farmer's work shirt. Smocking was used most extensively in
the 18th and 19th centuries.
Basic Methods

Smocking is done in either two basic methods: regular and English. These two
methods differ basically as to the side of the fabric where dots are marked. The dots
serve as the guide for the smocking stitches.

In regular smocking, the dots are marked on the right side of the fabric before
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 smocking stitches are formed from dot to dot, gathering the fabric in each stitch. In
English smocking, the dots are marked on the wrong side of the fabric before the rows
of uneven running stitches are worked from dot to dot, forming small pleats. This
process is referred to as pre-gathering. Smocking stitches are then worked on the right
side of the fabric with a small stitch taken at each pleat previously.

Beginners in smocking are advised to use the English method of smocking as

the pre-gathering to make the smocking stitches easier.

Basic Tools and Materials

1. Soft, light weighted fabrics like cotton, lawn and soft wool are most suitable
as these fabrics gather easily. As smocking work takes up much fabric,
remember to always use two to three times the desired finished width.
2. Crewel or chenille needles from 5 to 7.
3. Pearl cotton or embroidery floss.
4. You will also need grid to guide you as you work. The grid is marked on the
fabric in evenly spaced dots. Hot-iron transfer sheets of the grid may be
bought from crafts store. Or you may take your own grid using graphing
paper.
Basic Stitches and Variations
There are five basic smocking stitches and two variations. The stitches are the
cable, stem or outline, honeycomb, surface honeycomb, and Vandyke. The stitch
variations are the wave stitch and trellis stitch.

The following are the directions in making each stitch in both regular and English
methods. Remember that the last step does not apply to the regular method; it is only to
be done for the English method.

1. Cable stitch is a tight stitch of double rows that joins alternating columns of gathers.
The cable stitch is made up of alternating down cable and up cable stitches worked
in a straight line. The needle is always inserted perpendicular to the pleats and
parallel to the gathering threads.

a. Start by bringing the needle up to the left of the first pleat.

With the thread under needle, pick up the second pleat,
inserting the needle from right to left. This is called an
under cable. Give a gentle tug upward as you finish the
stitch.

b. The third pleat is picked up in the same manner but with

the thread above the needle. This is called an over cable.
Gently pull the thread down as you finish the stitch.

c. Continue across the row in this manner with the thread

alternating above below and above the needle. Use your
needle to push stray stitches into alignment. Always keep
your needle parallel to the gathering row as you sew and
you cable stitch will sit right.
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 1. Honeycomb is a medium density variant on the cable stitch that double stitches
each set of gathers and provides more spacing between them, with an intervening
diagonal stitch concealed on the reverse side of the fabric. This stitch is more elastic
than any other of the smocking stitches, and is equally suitable for fine or coarse
work.

a. Start in 1st pleat.

b. Take a stitch through top of 2nd and 1st

pleats together, catch them together
with a 2nd stitch but this time taking
needle down back of the 2nd pleat until
2nd gathering thread is reached, then
bring it out.

c. Catch 3rd and 2nd pleats together with a stitch, make a 2 nd stitch over this
and take needle up back of 3rd pleat and out at 1st gathering thread.

d. Continue up and down in this way until row is complete. Work a 2nd row
on 3rd and 4th gathering threads and consecutive rows if required.
Honeycomb is used mainly to finish off a pattern.

2. Surface honeycomb is a tight variant on the honeycomb stitch and the wave stitch
with the diagonal stitch visible, but spanning only one gather instead of a gather and
a space.

a. Bring up needle on left side of 2 nd pleat

from right; make a stitch over these 2
pleats and take needle down on right
side of 2nd pleat and pass it through
2nd and 3rd pleats halfway

between 1st and 2nd gathering threads.

b. Continue up and down, advancing one pleat with every stitch.

c. Work a 2nd row of stitches from halfway between 1st and 2nd gathering threads
to 2nd gathering thread.

d. Arrange stitches as shown in diagram.

3. Stem stitch is a tight stitch with minimum flexibility that joins two columns of gathers
at a time in single-overlapping rows with a downward slope. It is a series of under
stitches picked on each pleat and having the thread always under the needle. See
diagram below

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 4. Outline stitch is similar to the stem stitch but with an upward slope.

a. Bring the needle up on the left side of a pleat, then pick up the next pleat to
the right allowing needle to slant

The thread is kept above the needle; it can however be kept below needle slanting upwards

5. Vandyke is a tight variant on the surface honeycomb stitch that wraps diagonal
stitches in the opposite direction.

a. Bring the needle up between the first two pleats to be stitched on the right
hand side of the fabric. Take the thread through to the left hand side of the
second pleat.

b. Keeping thread over needle, take a backstitch through pleats one and two.

c. Thread still over needle, follow pleat two down to the bottom gathering row,
and take a stitch through pleats two and three (an old pleat and a new one)
d. Thread under needle, make a backstitch through these two pleats again.

e. Thread still under needle, travel up on pleat three and make a stitch through pleats
three and four (old pleat and a new pleat).

f. Thread still under needle, travel up on pleat three and make a stitch through pleats
three and four (old pleat and a new pleat).

g. Continue across row in this manner.

Stitch Variations

In making the wave stitch variation, dots are marked only where stitches will be
taken.
1. Wave stitch is a level stitch made up of cable stitches, moving up and then down
incremented equally between the gathering threads. This is worked exactly in same way as

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 Trellis stitch but after working one row a 2nd row or even a 3rd row is made to fit into the zig-
zags, either close together or spaced.
a. Begin with a down cable.
b. Pick the next pleat (upward) halfway between the gathering threads in a down
cable fashion
c. Pick the next pleat (upward) at the gathering threads in a down cable fashion.
d. Pick the next pleat at the gathering threads in and up cable fashion.
e. Pick the next pleat (downward) half way between the gathering threads in a
up cable fashion
f. Pick the next pleat (downward) at the gathering threads in a up cable
fashion and then pick the next pleat in a down cable fashion which is step a
again

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(e) (f)

2. Trellis stitch formed may be of different sizes, 3, 4 or 5 stitches are the usual
numbers for the side of each trellis.
a. Bring up needle in the 1st pleat on a gathering thread, take
a small stitch through 2nd pleat at a slightly lower level
slanting the needle slightly and keeping the thread above
it;
b. Take a stitch in 3rd and 4th pleats in the same way, then
one in 5th pleat at the same level as last but with the
thread below needle. This stitch should be halfway
between two gathering threads.
c. Work 3 stitches upwards in next 3 pleats, always keeping the thread below
needle, the last stitch being on level of 1st gathering thread.

d. Take a stitch in next pleat at same level but with thread above needle and
work downwards again to former level.

e. Work alternately up and down until end of row is reached.

f. The 2nd row is begun on level of 2 nd gathering thread and the stitches are
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 worked upwards until 4th pleat is reached and then downwards. The center
stitches of each row of zig-zags meet and form the trellis.

Activity 4
Project making

STARTING OFF WITH THE PROJECT

For smooth sailing and good quality work, here are some tips on how to start
with your projects:

1. Plan out your design carefully before to start your project.

2. In smocking, make sure that the yarn is above the needle when working down
and below the needle when working up.
3. Never overcrowd the gathers. As much as possible, combine smocking stitches
and colors to produce an interesting and attractive effect in your work.
4. Observe balance by starting to work from the center to the design.
5. Always evaluate the design before you stitch it out
6. In embroidering, use a hoop that is in good condition.
7. Use the size of hoop that is the closest to the size of the design. It is important
that you do not push the inner hoop through too much. This could cause other
problems.
8. Do not stretch the grain of the fabric.
9. When stitching the design, use light pressure on the side of the hoop while
stitching very heavily dense designs or if they have detailed outlines.

DESIGN TRANSFER
Embroidery design is a drawing or sketch of the work to be done. Designs are
selected to suit the purposes of the articles to be embroidered. Some articles need
elaborate designs while some need simple designs or monograms and tiny motifs.
Motifs may be made individually as the ones used on ladies handkerchiefs. The design
must be simple but decorative, adding beauty to the materials. Also, considering the
principles of design will produce more quality result.

Designs to be embroidered need to be neatly transferred on cloth.

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The following are several ways of transferring designs on fabrics

1. IRONING
There are commercial designs available in novelty stores which are
printed on thin transfer sheets. The design is transferred by laying the design on
the fabric and passing over a hot flat iron on the transfer sheet. The design will
then be imprinted on the cloth.
For smocked fabrics, when transferring the grids using hot iron, make
sure to check that the side and bottom edges of the transfer and fabric are
aligned. There is also a need to leave a seam allowance above the top row of
dots.
2. TRACING
This is the simplest method of transferring design. Use a light colored
carbon paper for light colored fabrics. Place the carbon paper face down on the
cloth and lay the design on top. Trace the design by using a pencil or any sharp,
pointed object.

In smocked articles, graphing paper may also be used to trace the design.
1. Cut the graphing paper to fit your fabric
2. With a sharp awl, needle or pin, pierce dots on the paper in the spacing
you require. It will help to keep in mind that the space between dots is
usually from 1/4 to 3/8 inch while the space between the rows of dots is
usually from 1/8 to 1/2 inch.
3. Place the graphing paper over the fabric then mark dots on the fabric. Use
a pencil to make dots.

Note: you can also use an even-weave fabric such as gingham which has a
natural grid. Just remember to use pencil in marking the dots on the fabrics.
3. STAMPING
This is the process of transferring design on the cloth with the use of a
perforated pattern, soft absorbent cloth, indigo, and petroleum or kerosene.

a. Mix indigo and petroleum or kerosene in a container. Form the soft

absorbent cloth into a ball.
b. With 1-part indigo and 1 ½ parts kerosene, make a smooth thin paste

c. Spread layers of newspaper on a table and lay the fabric on it. Check
the proper alignment of the warp and woof threads.
d. With the smooth side up, lay the perforated pattern on the fabric where
the design is to be placed. To keep the fabric in place, put weights on
the pattern.
e. Dip the ball of cloth into the bluing mixture and rub over the design in

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 one stroke or direction
f. Check if the design was transferred clearly by lifting a corner carefully.
Rub over again until the design is clearly imprinted.
g. Lift the perforated pattern and clean with kerosene. Dry by air.
h. Set aside the stamping materials and keep in safe place.

Except for the honeycomb smocking, always work on your

stitches from left to right (left-handed persons work in an
opposite direction).

Cross Stitch
It is a popular form of counted-thread embroidery in which X-shaped stitches in a
tiled, raster-like pattern are used to form a picture. Cross-stitch is often executed on
easily countable even weave fabric called aida cloth. It is one of the oldest forms of
embroidery and can be found all over the world. Many folk museums show examples
of clothing decorated with cross-stitch, especially from continental
Europe and Asia.
The following are some of the tips before beginning your project:

1. Choose your fabric. Although cross stitch refers to the way in which you create a
stitched pattern and not to a particular fabric, it is most often done on a type of
material known as “Aida cloth”. This material is loosely woven in a grid pattern that
makes lining up all your stitches easy. Aida fabric comes in different sizes which
refer to the number of stitches that can be created in 1 square inch. The options are
typically 11, 14, 18, and 28.

It is easiest to start on an Aida cloth that uses an 11 or 14 stitch count, as this

provides larger spaces for your cross stitch. The higher the number of stitches, the
smaller your crosses will be.

If you don't want to use Aida cloth for your cross stitch, other popular options
are linen or fiddlers cloth. Both these lack the same wide spaces Aida cloth provides
for beginners though.

2. Select your thread. Cross stitch is great because it offers so much freedom on the
part of the maker, particularly in the color options of thread. Embroidery floss is
typically used and can be found in hundreds of colors. Each skein of embroidery
floss comes in six threads, but only 1-3 will be used for cross stitch at a time.

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 If you have a difficult time doing cross stitch with your thread, you can get waxed
thread or use a bit of beeswax to prep your thread before starting your stitching. It
will help the floss to thread and tie off easier.

3. Choose a pattern. Cross stitching is as simple as matching the grid on a pattern of

choice to the grid in your cross-stitch fabric. Choose a pattern from a booklet or
online, and gather embroidery floss in colors to match.
As a beginner, it may be best to start with a simple cross stitch. Find a pattern
that is small and doesn’t involve too many details and uses a total of 3-7 colors only.
You can create your own pattern using your own images and a computer
program or a bit of graph paper if you don't like the patterns that are available.
4. Get an embroidery hoop. This is a double ring made of plastic, metal, or wood that
secures your cross stitch as you work. Although you can create a cross stitch
without one, embroidery hoops are incredibly helpful and relatively inexpensive.
Small hoops are easier to hold but must be moved often, while large hoops require
more of a grip but need to be moved around your needlepoint less.

Making Your Own Pattern

1. Choose an image. Any image can be created into a cross stitch pattern, but
simple ones with easily definable shapes are best. Choose a picture or drawing
that has only a few colors and lacks a lot of detail.

2. Adjust your image. You may want to crop and enlarge your image so that you
focus on a single portion of the original picture. If you have a photo editing
program, use a "posterize" feature to transform your picture into easily definable
shapes. Convert your picture to grayscale before printing to match easier the
values of the chosen color.

3. Trace your image. Print a physical copy of your image, and gather a piece of
graph paper. Lay the graph paper over the top of your printed image, and trace
the outline of the most basic shapes. Try to limit the amount of detail that you
copy over.

4. Choose your colors. With your image and shapes traced, choose 3-7 colors to
use for your cross stitch. Use colored pencils that match your chosen colors to
shade in the shapes, focusing on a grid pattern and avoiding curved lines.

Doing a Basic Cross Stitch

1. Cut your fabric and floss. The size of your fabric will depend on the size of the
pattern you are using. Each small square on the cross stitch fabric is
representational of a single stitch (or “x” shaped cross), and can be counted
across to get your exact size. Your embroidery floss should be cut to a length of
about 36” to begin.
Embroidery floss comes in strands of six threads, but typically only one is
necessary for cross stitching. Gently pull apart the groupings of threads from the

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 center and use a single thread for each section on your pattern.
Some patterns may call for multiple threads to be used at once, so make
sure to check yours before assuming the use of a single thread.
One of the great things about cross stitching is that you can’t tell where
you start/stop from the front. Simply cut additional thread and start again from
where you left off.
2. Thread your needle. Take your single thread of embroidery floss and create a
loop at the end. Then pull the loop through, leaving the two tail ends (one should
be very short) to hang out the opposite side of the eye of the needle.

3. Begin your cross stitch. Count on your pattern the number of grid spaces to
the first stitch (typically the centermost stitch), and insert

your needle from the bottom. Pull the thread all the way through, leaving a bit of
the loop at the bottom. Then, cross the thread down or up diagonally and pull the
needle through the loop underneath to create a stable anchor for your stitching.
With every stitch you make, thread your strings over the loose tail in the back to
secure it to your cross stitch fabric. This will also make it less likely for your cross
stitch to unravel from being tugged or pulled.

4. Continue stitching. Using the same “x” stitch pattern, work outwards from the
center of your cross stitch until you have completed the pattern.

5. Finish your piece. When you have completed the pattern and added an optional
backstitch border, tie off your thread underneath your cross stitch. Tie a simple
knot on the backside of your pattern, and cut off any remaining thread.

6. Wash your cross stitch. Hands are naturally very dirty and oily, and as such
make the fabric of your needlepoint dirty as well. Frequent hand washing can
help to limit the amount of grime that is transferred to your fabric, but a ring of dirt
around your embroidery hoop is nearly inevitable.

Gently hand wash your cross stitch with soap and water and allow to air dry
when you are finished with it. http://www.wikihow.com/Cross-Stitch

Here are some samples of suggested projects in Embroidery: choose one and make
it creatively: or you may view the following links for your references.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-EQCnT54Sts- dishcloth with scrubby
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVF29dUva0k- dancing deer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqi7JiwIKs4- letter L design
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBmNEqtr6fU- butterfly

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 Dish cloth with Scrubby

Materials:
1 piece dishcloth
Apple or other fruit embroidery design
Cotton thread (color of your choice)
Small embroidery scissors
Embroidery needle
Straight pins
Embroidery thread

Directions:
1. Place the design to the area of your choice. It could be in the left or right corner
or at the middle using the embroidery hoop. Mark the center and make sure that
the dishcloth is at least 1’ larger that the size of the hoop.
2. Sketch the apple or other fruit design using running stitch.
3. Completely fill up the design with the use of trail overcast stitch.
4. Remove the hoop carefully when done.
5. Using the scissors, trim down the unwanted thread in the design.

Dancing Deer

Materials:
Brown yarn, six strands
Tan, six strands
Green floss for the accent bow
8X8 fabric
Directions:
1. Use the pattern on the side to create a unique version of the project. Transfer the design to the
fabric, by holding the fabric and finding the center of the base. Trace the embroidery design using a
fabric marking pen.
2. Work in chain stitch using two strands of the six-strand cotton from the outline down to the filling by
working the lines of chain stitch close together.
3. Use French knots along the deer’s back.
4. Finish the pattern by accenting the green floss as a bow in the neck of the deer.

Letter L Design

Materials:
15’X15’ white cloth
Small embroidery scissors
Embroidery needle
Embroidery thread (yellow and green)

Directions:
1. Use two strands of 6-strand floss.
2. Embroider the vines and tendrils in back stitch.

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 3. Stem stitch the pitcher, glass, lemon, and letter designs.
4. Use French knots for dots.
5. Use detached chain stitches for teardrop shape.

Butterfly

Materials :
One skein each of 6-strand embroidery floss color numbers

 3761 light sky blue

 727 very light topaz
 3856 ultra-very light mahogany
 210 medium lavender
 10’x10” piece white cloth
 Size 10 embroidery needle
 Embroidery scissors
 8” embroidery hoop
 Water-soluble fabric marking pen
Directions:
1. Fold the square of the fabric into quarters and mark the center point of
the base.
2. Center the pattern under the fabric and trace the embroidery design
onto the fabric using the water-soluble fabric marking pen.
3. Referring to the colored photo for color replacement, embroider the design
using two strands of floss.

Remember these:

1. The high quality of embroidery in the Philippines is partly due to its history and
partly due to native talent. Although it is always difficult to pinpoint the origins of an
ancient art form, the Philippines’ early exposure to Chinese and Indian artistic
traditions may explain the features of it’s embroidery.
2. Embroidery is a kind of needlecraft of beautifying textile or different resources with
the use of needle or yarn. It integrates the use of different embellishments.
3. The tools and materials used for embroidery are needles, yarn, thread, and fabric.
4. The following are the basic embroidery stitches: running, back, satin, split, chain,
feather, French knot, stem, and lazy daisy.
5. There are also special kinds of stitches in embroidery like calado, smocking, and
cross stitch.

Performance Task

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 Transfer Goal - Students on their own and in the long run will be able to
embroidered product like Calado and Smocking.

Role: Embroiderer
Audience: Teacher and Family member
Situation: As a young student like you, you are asked to make a Calado
CategoryStitch apllying 5all the techniques 4
and proper handling
3 of tools and materials
2
Design required for embroidery.
Originality
AppearanceProduct: Calado Stitch
Creativity Standards: accuracy of finished product.
Neatness

RUBRICS
Scoring rubrics
LEGEND:
5          OUTSTANDING
4          VERY GOOD
3          GOOD
2          SATISFY

How did you find the performance task? How did the task help you see the real world
use of the topic?
You have completed this lesson. The next part would be the Post- assessment. This
will know if you have learned in the Handicraft (needlecraft). It’s now
time to evaluate your learning.

POST-ASSESMENT

Multiple Choice
Directions: Read the statements carefully. Choose the letter in the box that best
describes the statement. Write the answer in your quiz notebook.

30 | P a g e thimble stitch markers

cable needles crochet yarn
crochet hook plastic knitting needles
stiletto filler
 1. A tool used in making eyelets usually made of wood, bone or metal.
2. A device used to keep the fabric heavy stretched while applying stitches on the
design.
3. It comes in variety of natural or man-made fibers that has own characteristics, and
they differ from one another in tactile, tenacity and weight.
4. A tool in crocheting that has a great effect to the finished product. It varies in sizes and
therefore should use the correct size suited to the article to be produced.
5. It is used to help keep track of the number of stitches in a row.
6. A special kind of knitting needles used specifically to hold stitches.
7. These knitting needles are ideal for beginners and are the least expensive. It is lighter
and more flexible than metal designs.
8. A device used for the middle finger to prevent from being pierced by the
needle. It could be a metal, plastic or leather.
9. The material placed in between for the purpose of giving bulk to the quilted article.
10. It is used for easier threading especially by those sewers with poor eyesight.

IV. Identification

A. Directions: Identify the following pictures of stitches in embroidery, crochet,

knitting and types of quilting.

EMBROIDERY STITCHES

1.

2.

3.

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 4.

5.

REFERENCES:

 Learning and Living in the 21st Century

(Handicraft : Needlecraft)
 Technology and Livelihood Education (The Library)

E-Resources

 http://www.ebay.com/gds/The-History-of-embroidery-/10000000177631828/g.html
 https://www.google.com.ph/search?
q=embroidery=brief=background&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=643&site
=webhp&source=Inms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjUrlCzzJDO
AhUGKJQKHUjgB7oQAUIBigB#imgrc=RVvIqAP9GniVdM%3A
 Transferring design: https://www,dmc-
usa.com/Education/Technique-Overviews/Embroidery/Embroidery-
Patterns.aspx

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