Coal Mill Gas Analysis
Coal Mill Gas Analysis
July 2008
FLSmidth - Gas Analysis on Cement Plants
Kiln Inlet and Calciner Gas Analysis - KilnLoq
Heated Hose
Fig. 1 The FLSmidth gas analysis solution for the kiln inlet is designed on the basis of on-site experience. The equipment
configuration is modular for fast installation and commissioning. The equipment is specially designed for easy trouble-free
operation and maintenance in the very demanding environment and process of a cement plant. All power and external
connections are terminated through the GASloq 1200 panel. Standard interface for FLSmidth Automation ECS is included and
optional remote access can be provided.
Application
The Kiln Inlet gas analysis system is especially designed for the Sustainable operation practice:
highest temperatures and dust loads in cement production. • Reduced greenhouse gasses
Typical applications are kiln inlet, riser duct, calciner and • Efficient utilisation of raw materials
cyclone exit. Through this high temperature gas analysis • Safe production environment.
system, compulsory data are collected for optimizing and
controlling the combustion and the production process of a
cement kiln.
Coaxial filter in heated Filter House
Process objectives Probe Sample End
The typical gasses to be measured in the kiln inlet are:
The investment in high temperature gas analysis equipment Fig. 2 During analysis, process gas is sampled through
is very favourable with a typical pay-back time of below 200 the 180°C heated ONE PIPE construction.
days. The process benefits are:
Equipment objectives
The analysis equipment is placed right in the middle of a highly than previous available models due to heavy, special high
active and aggressive mineral calcination process. Based on temperature resistant stainless steel together with a multi layer
our large process and operational experience in the cement construction. The probe is cooled by re-circulating cold water.
industry, we have found three main equipment objectives that Using cold water probe cooling gives up to 20% increased
must be fulfilled if the equipment is to be successful: strength compared to hot cooling mediums like e.g. oil cooling,
and water is also much safer in case of leakage.
need for practical solutions that are able to operate in the The Probe System
aggressive environment of a cement production process. All The probe is water cooled by a strong
proven solutions from the previous version of high temperature cooling jacket with re-circulating cold
analysis have been integrated into the KilnLoq model. As part water from the Water Control Panel
of our continuous development, features capable of increasing (WCP). Due to re-circulation of water,
the reliability and run-time of the equipment have been the consumption of water and lime is
integrated. negligible. The cooling system works
as a cold ON/OFF full flow system and
The heat input from the kiln process to the probe surface is needs no preheating or adjustments
monitored. This allows the system to determine if raw material during operation. All operational status
is building up around the probe inside the kiln. If material builds is monitored and refill of water is
up, it may become a hazard and cause damage to the probe, automatically done by a solenoid valve.
and the analysis will be effected by the entering of false air. Water Control Panel
With this unique heat input feature, information is provided to
actively remove raw material and monitor the general status of In the probe, a separate and replaceable gas sample probe is
material build-up in the kiln inlet area. electrically heated to 180-350°C and inserted into the cooling
jacket. A heated filter coaxial to the gas sample probe is part
The reliability of the system has been significantly of the “ONE PIPE” probe layout. Due to this construction, the
increased with the two added features. The probe can be inspected and cleaned in its full length without
first is achieved by the “ONE PIPE” design. By dismantling or use of tools. The probe is cleaned by air at
means of the PLC control system the sample customer set intervals controlled by the GASloq 1200 cabinet.
pipe will be cleaned automatically at pre-set From the probe, the gas is sent to the GASloq 1200 cabinet for
intervals. However, if any deviation from the analysis through a 180°C heated sample hose.
normal probe pressure drop over time occurs, a
signal will be generated by the PLC in order to The Extraction Device is a handling and safety device for
start up preventive cleaning of the gas sample the KilnLoq probe. In case of any operational problems, the
pipe. This feature removes any obstacles in the Extraction Device will remove the probe from the process.
sample path before it becomes a problem. The As the Extraction Device operates by two powerful air driven
second feature is a measurement of the heat pistons, the large air receiver of the Probe Cleaning Panels
input from the process to the probe surface. By serve as air supply back-up.
measuring critical deviations in this heat input,
Probe it is possible to predict material buildup in the kiln
Cleaning inlet area around the probe. In this way, the gas
Panel analysis system is not only producing results from
analysis of the gas composition in the kiln but is also providing
information about general raw materials building up in the kiln
inlet before they can be measured by any other devices.
GASloq 1200
Gas Preconditioning
Unit (GMU) and analysis
cabinet.
Fig. 6 The modular design is the basis of the “plug and play” installation. The system comes in 3 modules ready for installation
on site: Dual Dry nOn Cooled Probe (type DDOP), Probe Cleaning Panel and GASloq preconditioning and analysis unit.
Process objectives The coal mill department probes are made from corrosion
The scan system at the coal mill is intended continuously resistant stainless steel. The filter probe can be installed at the
to assist and notify the operator of conditions and give exit of a bag house filter and will, when the filter is not in
adequate warning of potential hazards at an early stage. operation, monitor the development of CO originating from
Subsequent preventative action can then be made to secure packed coal and thereby prevent self-ignition. During operation,
the operation. the CO content can be monitored in the gas passing through
the filter installation. The probe is used in connection with an
Equipment objectives inert operation of a coal mill and the measuring point must
The analyser system comprises a combination of Single Dry Filter be analysing continuously for measuring the development of
Probes (SDFP) and Single Dry oxygen.
Silo Probes (SDSP), sample lines
and a GASloq gas conditioning The silo probe must be installed at the top of the silo in
system. The amount and type order to monitor the development of CO. The probe is made
of probes is dependent on the especially for pressure vessels. Used in a de-dusting cyclone,
actual number of measuring the analysing system only scans this measuring point if the
points. process is not running and coal can be packed in the cyclone.
Fire fighting equipment can be controlled from this analysis.
The GASloq cabinet module
takes care of the overall Standard coal mill watch systems
system control and operation. FLSmidth supplies different solutions from large multi scan
A PLC system controls the analysis systems to small filter and silo watch systems. The
functionality, performance and silo and filter watch systems are small standard systems with
alarm handling of the system limited possibilities in design and functionality. The multi scan
,and an HMI presents the systems are large multi point analysis systems for multiple silo
present status and operation of and filter scanning. The multi scan systems can be designed for
the system. All the components Fig. 9 Coal Mill Silos almost any kind of plant type and design.
Utility equipment:
Together with the GASloq gas analysis system, a wide range of
accessories can be delivered. Calibration gases, parts for start-
up, wear and spare parts, commissioning and service contracts
are among the most used accessories delivered together with
a complete gas analysis solution.
Application
During the last years, requirements for Continuos
Emission Monitoring has increased significantly
in order to fulfill the demands set by the local
authorities.
Legal specifications from local authorities set up requirements the advantage of being able to combine the legal demands with
for the analytical components needed on various configurations. production gains and hereby pursuit a plant emission strategy.
Typical approved analytical technics are specified together
with a demand for e.g. sensitivity, availability, calibration and Process objectives
validation methods. The CEM system installed in the stack measures both the
concentration (in mg/m3 or ppm) and the total emission of
Standardisation has been implemented in some countries/ the various polluting gasses and dust. To report these data, a
regions; other areas have specified their own unique set of conversion to standardised physical values must be calculated
rules. Our large international experience allows us to choose in order to compare the data with emission limits set by the
a setup of instruments and measuring methods in compliance enforced emission legislation. As some of the components
with every one of these rules and in this way provide the most measured are very small in concentration, and the demand
beneficial solution. Our independency as supplier gives us for precision set by legislation is very strict, the demands for
the freedom to choose and implement the Best Available high quality precision analysis with proven repeatability is
Technology (BAT). Being cement process specialists, we have obligatory. Two different technics are used to collect data: in-
situ and extractive.
Gas Monitoring
Unit GASloq
1200 or multi
In-situ ultra
component
sonic flow
analyser type
measurement
FTIR
Fig. 12 The configuration of the CEM equipment must reflect the legislation enforced by the local authorities or a specific permit
for a given plant. Demands on CEM systems can be limited to a dust monitor or to a complex system comprising of dust, flow,
pressure, temperature, gas analysis and data acquisition system. FLSmidth can provide the most beneficial solution as we are
not dependent on any specific sub-supplier.
Equipment objectives
The choice of configuration type (in-situ or extractive) is
very complex and is often determined by limitations in the
legislation or by the given process conditions in the stack.
FLSmidth’s default configuration consists of a combination of
the two techniques. For dust, flow, temperature and pressure,
we normally use in-situ measurements. For gas analysis
components, we use a heated extractive system. The reporting
system must be in accordance with the legislation and able
to produce the requested reports. Security of data is a major
concern. FLSmidth is capable of supplying a stand-alone PC
solution or a total integration into a plant central control
system.
ECS/StackGuide
ECS/StackGuide is FLSmidth’s cost-efficient product to Fig. 12 Continuous Emission and Monitoring (CEM) and
guarantee all emission monitoring and reporting requirements reporting system. Optional incorporation with the ECS/
in the cement and waste incineration industries. ECS/ StackGuide system packages available for full plant integration
StackGuide is a CEMS package with these main benefits: and safety replication of data.
• Guarantee for complete fulfilment of emission legislation
requirements anywhere in the world Conventional fuels (coal, oil, gas etc.)
• Easy customisation to any special requirements for central, Requested Components (RC): CO, NOX, SO2, Dust
local or plant authorities Utility Components (UC): O2, H2O, flow, temperature, pressure,
• Improving emission statistics by early warning of plant calculation/ reporting
operators about any upcoming emission violation
Waste fuels
Gas components to be measured on the stack Requested Components (RC): CO, NOX, SO2, THC, HF, HCl
The measured components can be divided into groups, Utility Components (UC): O2, H2O, dust, flow, temperature,
Requested Components (RC) as specified in the legislation and pressure and calculation/reporting
Utility Components (UC), which are needed to perform the
conversion of data into normal values. For more information on the exact configuration of your
emission reporting system, please contact any FLSmidth
representative or visit our website www.flsmidth.com/gas.
General features
• Historical databases and data access
• OPC data access
• Dedicated reporting package
• Built-in MS-Excel add-ins for report customisation
• Advanced trending software
• Data editing
• Web access
Traditionally, the CEMS solutions have been developed on a • Windows 2000, XP and 2003
highly plant-specific basis. In order to meet the demands for • Terminal server support for remote access
data validation and monitoring roles, parts of the solutions • Service release and hotfix support
have traditionally been implemented at the PLC level with • Realtime and historic emission control
programming intensive effort resulting in working, but quite • Store data for years
complex solutions that are difficult to maintain in long-term. • Emission data
Other parts of the solution are traditionally implemented as • MS-SQL Server relational database
special data retrieval and reporting system with customised • Advanced data validation methods
programming approaches. • Data tournament for dual ECS control system sources
• Catch up to retrieve lost data from down periods (by
ECS/StackGuide is the most professional and cost-efficient use of the ECS solution)
CEMS application with many advantages some of which are • Firewall between plant control and administrative
listed here: system
Secured data retrieval
GASloq 1200 1200 x 2100 x 600 Power: 3 x 380 V- 3 x 460 V Ambient: +5 to + 40°C,
54
Mat.: Painted carbon steel 350 kg 50/60 Hz dust and vibration free
Process: 600°C
SP2000-H probe L = 1000 mm
Air: Supply from PCP Dust load: 250 mg/m3 54
Mat.: Stainless steel 15.4 kg
Ambient: -10°C to +55°C
Company profile
FLSmidth A/S forms part of the FLSmidth Group, an sound basis for supplying customers with the technological
international group supplying process know-how and total know-how needed, and we are able to deliver the best
lines of machinery, mainly to the cement and minerals suitable product for the job and the customer.
industry.
Power plants, waste incineration plants, refineries, district
FLSmidth A/S has more than 30 years of experience within heating stations, cement plants as well as many companies
gas analysis and detection and has grown into one of the within process industries are among FLSmidth A/S’s regular
most important companies within measurement and control customers, and over the years our technical department has
of polluting gasses in primarily the cement and combustion created a confident relationship to technical advisors both at
industries. home and abroad.
Our success is based on a dedicated and competent workforce Our team of service engineers are fully trained in projecting
as well as reliable business relationships both with customers and servicing the highly complex instruments and analysis
and suppliers. We believe in punctual deliveries at the agreed systems. A complete solution includes pre-projecting, delivery
cost and in accordance with the promised specifications. We including documentation, commissioning, and training as
will not be dependent on one single supplier and thus, we are well as maintenance on site.
general agents for suppliers such as ABB, Crowcon, Durag,
Emerson and NEO Monitors. This way, FLSmidth A/S has a
Addresses
Main office Copenhagen office Worldwide
FLSmidth A/S FLSmidth A/S We are represented by any FLSmidth office in your
Klostermarken 6 Høffdingsvej 34 area. Please contact any local office for further
DK-9550 Mariager DK-2500 Valby information or visit our website containing links
Tel.: +45 7010 2277 Tel.: +45 7010 2277 and adresses to the nearest office.
Fax.: +45 7010 2288 Fax.: +45 7010 2288
www.flsmidth.com/gas