PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE

GRADE 11
MODULE 1: The Concept and Theories of Governance

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 INTRODUCTION
This module introduces the students to the basic concepts and vital
elements of politics and governance from the perspectives of different political
scholars. They need to understand the ins and outs of government and politics
in order to become contributing members of society. It is important to show
students the way they can develop their own political viewpoints.
In particular, it tries to explain how the important features of our
country’s political structures/institutions, processes, and relationships
developed in the long run.
In the process, the course helps the learners gain a better appreciation
of their rights and responsibilities as individuals and as members of the larger
sociopolitical community to strengthen their civic competence.

MODULE 1
The Concept of Politics and Governance

What I Need to Know

For the Learners

Welcome dear students to Politics and Governance. In this module you are
going to study and be able to understand the concept of politics, examine the
different views of various political entities and exploring its connection to Political
Science. This would also help you recognize the value of politics and the difference

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between government and governance.

This module is designed to provide learning activities to illuminate and

assess your ideas. This will help you enhance your understanding the importance
of politics today as it was. You should know what is going on around you and how
political decisions people make will affect many lives.

Module Content

This module covers lesson 1 and 2 which provides learning activities that will
help you assess how you progress as you go through the module.

At the end of the lesson you should be able to:

1. articulate definitions of politics HUMSS_PG12- Ia-1

2. differentiate the various views on politics HUMSS_PG12-Ia2
3. explore the connection between the phenomenon (politics) and the
method of inquiry (Political Science) HUMSS_PG12- Ia-3
4. recognize the value of politics HUMSS_PG12- Ia-4
5. differentiate governance from government HUMSS_PG12- Ia-5

Lesson 1: The Concept of Politics and how Politics

can be Studied

What I Know

Pretest: This activity will allow you to assess your stored knowledge from the topic
that will be discussed in this lesson.

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write your answer in your
activity notebook.

1. It is defined as “who gets what, when, and how” (Harold Lasswell).

a. government c. governance

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 b. politics d. economics

2. It is the branch of knowledge that deals with systems of government; the

analysis of political activity and behavior.
a. Political Science c. Philosophy
b. Social Science d. Economics

3. The Father of Political Science?

a. Socrates c. Machiavelli
b. Aristotle d. Plato

4. Politics can be studied through ________, a major social science dealing with
political and governmental structures and processes.
a. Philosophy c. government
b. Political Science d. governance

5. It is the study or practice of the distribution of power and resources within a given
community (this is usually a hierarchically organized population) as well as the
interrelationship(s) between communities.
a. government c. governance
b. politics d. Political Science

What’s New
Activity 1: Semantic Web Map
Direction: List down some significant word which you think best describes
the term “Politics”. Write your answers in your activity notebook.

POLITICS

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Processing Questions:

1. How do you find the activity?

2. Why do you have an inherent inclination toward politics?

What Is It?
Here are the things for you to learn about the meaning and concept of
politics including the various views of politics and its connection to Political Science.

What is Politics?

“Man is by nature a political animal.”

– Aristotle (Father of Political Science)

The inclination and interest of people toward anything political is based on

the fact that individuals are inherently social. Unlike other species, humans rely on
social interactions to survive. Politics is born out of this social interaction.

Harold Lasswell defined politics as “who gets what, when, and how.”

Politics (from Greek: Polis definition "affairs of the cities") is the process of
making decisions that apply to members of a group, it refers to achieving and
exercising positions of governance — organized control over a human community,
particularly a state. It is the study or practice of the distribution of power and
resources within a given community (this is usually a hierarchically organized
population) as well as the interrelationship(s) between communities.
Politics concerns the state. It focuses on the personnel and machinery of the
government. It is the conduct and management of public interest and therefore,
political affairs. It attempts to resolve conflict through discussion, compromise,
bargaining, and consensus, wherein people arrive at a binding decision. It involves
the exercise of authority in the production, distribution, and use of resources.

How politics can be studied?

There are various ways by which one can study politics or political science.
It is the branch of knowledge that deals with systems of government; the analysis of
political activity and behavior. It is a major social science dealing with political and

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governmental structures and processes. It is also the study of what is believed to be
universal in politics, such as power, justice, and force.(Harris, 1997)

What’s More?

Activity 2: Four pics, One word!

You may guess a word that connect the pictures.

1. 2. 3.
https://www.academia.edu/40066509/DLP_Philippine_Politics_and_Government

Activity 3: PolitiKonek!
Explain the connection or relations of politics and political science. Why do you
think that it is necessary for students who aspire to be lawyers to take. Political
science?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________

What I Have Learned?

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 You have learned that politics is concerned with “who gets what, when and
how” as stated by Harold Lasswell. It is about human relationships and how
humans behave differently when dealing with others when there is cooperation,
competition, and conflict.

It is the study or practice of the distribution of power and resources within a

given community (this is usually a hierarchically organized population) as well as
the interrelationship(s) between communities. Although viewed differently by
people, politics generally involves the public issues that give rise to conflict.

Political Science is a social science concerned chiefly with the description

and analysis of political and governmental institutions and processes. Studying
politics may involve the study of concepts that are universal in politics, such as
power, justice and force; or the study of institutions and processes of politics.

What I Can Do
Activity 4: Politikanta

Directions: Think of a line from a Filipno song depicting political statement.

Explain what is political about the song lyric you have chosen.

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________

Additional Activity

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Activity 5: Summary and Reflection

Instructions: (a) Summarize what you have learned in this lesson in five to ten
sentences. (b) Provide five or six sentences for reflection or opinion
regarding politics and political science.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________

Lesson 2: The Value of Politics and Differentiation

of Governance from Government

What’s In

Activity: Picture Analysis

https://www.academia.edu/40066509/DLP_Philippine_Politics_and_Government

Processing Questions:

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 1. What can be seen in the picture?
2. What does the picture depict?

What’s New

Activity 1: The World with Politics

Direction: You are going to show how politics is valued in each group organization.
Write your answers in not less than 2 to 3 sentences.
a. Family
b. Classroom/School
c. Peers (barkadahan)
d. barangay
e. Workplace

Processing Question: How does politics affect you as a member of society and
the world?

What Is It
From the above activity, you have recognized the value of politics and its
importance in operating groups and organizations. Let me further elaborate on how
great an influence of politics has on us.

The value of Politics…..

 help you to know your rights.

 It clarifies what you yourself believe.

 Politics is a living, breathing subject.

 Politics helps you to understand our nation’s parties.

 Politics prepares you for adult life.

Government is the instrument of the state through which the will of the people is
expressed, carried out, and formulated.

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Governance is broadly defined as the action of sovereign authority; specifically, the
exercise of authoritative direction or control, over a particular political unit or
organization.

Law as defined by St. Thomas Aquinas is “an ordinance of reason for the common
good, made by him who has care of the community…”

People exercise their political authority through the government, which

functions as an instrumentality of the state through law.

Politics and governance are shaped by institutions of a country. According to

Johnson (n.d.), institutions are significant practices needed to “sustain and
restrain orderly competition” in the field of politics.

Recognizing the essential link between politics and governance will provide
both government officials and citizens a clear idea of the type of political activity
essential for good governance.

What’s More

Activity 2: Minute Papers!

Directions: Write your answers briefly (2-3 sentences) to the following questions:
1. What did you learn today?
2. What questions do you still have?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

What I Have Learned

Activity 3: Reflecting and Relating

Directions: Complete the sentence below and write your answers on your activity

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 notebook.

The big idea of politics is ______________________________________.

__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________. A conclusion I’m
drawing with how should people value and know the importance of politics is
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________.

The most important feature of the link between government and governance
is________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________

What I Can Do
Activity 4: Slogan

Directions: Create a SLOGAN that will establish how good politics can be applied
in our daily life. The activity will be scored following rubrics

Post Assessment (True or False)

Directions: Read the statement carefully. Write T if the statement is correct, and
write F if the statement is incorrect. Write your answers in the activity notebook.

1. Politics is the actual process of how humans interact in groups.

2. Politics does not include the decision-making and decision-enforcing processes
in
any group that makes and enforces rules for its members.
3. Political science seeks to study the origin, nature and functions of the State,
Government and its all organs.
4. Politics is universal and is always the same.
5. Governance deals with the way power is exercised in managing the country’s
economic and social resources.

Additional Activities

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 Activity 5: Venn Diagram

Directions: Compare and contrast government and governance using the Venn
Diagram

Government Governance

TRANSLATED BY: JENNIFER O. PACAMALAN

Social Science Teacher II
BA in Sociology
Prof. Ed. (27 units)
Master of Arts in Teaching Social Sciences (9 UNITS)
Master in Public Administration (CAR)
LAGUINDINGAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL - SHS

REFERENCES:
Ramos, Renan E. Philippine Politics and Governance Vibal Group, Inc.2016

WEBSITES:
https://www.clopified.com/download/philippine-politics-and-governance-curriculum-
guidecg-humss/
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25140478/Module-1-Politics-and-Governancedocx/
https://www.academia.edu/40066509/DLP_Philippine_Politics_and_Government
https://www.centredaily.com/opinion/article69564172.html
https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?code=N44828&sp=yes&

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ANSWER KEY:
LESSON 1
Activity 1: Semantic Web Map
Answers may vary
Activity 2: Four Pics, One Word
a. nation
b. debate
c. politics
Activity 3: PolitiKonek
Answers may vary
Activity 4: PolitiKanta
Answers may vary
Activity 5: Summary and Reflection
Answers may vary

LESSON 2

Activity: Picture Analysis

Answers may vary
Activity 1: The World With Politics
Answers may vary
Activity 2: Minute Papers
Answers may vary
Activity 3: Reflecting and Relating
Answers may vary
Activity 4: Slogan
Answers may vary
Activity 5: Venn Diagram
Answers may vary

PRETEST POST-TEST
1. b 1. T
2. a 2. F
3. b 3. T
4. b 4. F
5. b 5. T

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 Rubric for Slogan
Category 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 points
Craftsmanship The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is
exceptionally attractive in terms acceptably distractingly
attractive in terms of neatness. attractive though messy.
of neatness. Good it may be a bit
Well-constructed construction and messy.
and not messy. not very messy.

Creativity Slogan is Slogan is creative Slogan is The slogan does

exceptionally and a good creative and not reflect any
creative. A lot of amount of thought some thought degree of
thought and effort was put into was put into creativity.
was used to decorating it. decorating it.
make the banner.
Originality Exceptional use Good use of new Average use of No use of new
of new ideas and ideas and new ideas and ideas and
originality to originality to originality to originality to
create slogan. create slogan. create slogan. create slogan.
https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?code=N44828&sp=yes&

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