TECHNOLOGY

AZAD COLLEGE OF
MAULANA

ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL
D E P A R T M E N T OF

Electronics Laboratory

Experiment No. n01

of
PART A: To measure the Amplitude and Frequency
wave.
Square, Sine and Triangular
CROD.
PART B: To obtain Lissajous Pattern on

OF T
COLLEGE
 MAULANA AZAD cOLLEGE
OF TECHNOLOGY
BHOPAL 462 007

ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL
DEPARTMENT OF

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT

ofsquare, Sine and

Trianguiar wav
rditA: To measure the Amplitude and frequency

Part B: To Obtain LIsSAJOUS Pattern on CRO

INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED

Make Range Quantity

1. CRO
2. Function Generator

PROCEDURE (Part A)
1. Switch on CRO and the Function Generator

knob and trace the beam on screen.

2. Adjust the intensity control

3 Select Y1 or Y2 channel.

and triangular waveforms

4. Give various inputs of function generator sine, square
on the vertical deflection system of
CRO.

5. Set TIME/DIV and VOLTS/DIV Knobs.

6. Set trigger source knob in "INT-Y1" or "INT-Y2" position.

7. Set level control in "AUTO" Mode.

"+"
8. Set slope control in

"HF"'sync control in FREE RUN"position.

"

9 Set

10. Set Y coupling "AC-DC-GND" switch to AC position.

REPORT
1. Sketch the waveforms on graph paper showing magnitude and time
period of input signal.
2. Calculate the frequency of waveforms.

Study of CRO
IV semester Electrical
 PROCEDURE (Part B)
Give sinusoidal input from one of the function generator to vertical deflection
1.
system Y1 or Y2 of CRO

2. Set Y coupling "AC-GND-DC" switch to AC position.

3. Set Time/div, knob to EXT.

4. Give sinusoidal input from other function generator to EXT X/ TRIGGER.

5. Set trigger coupling to "AC" position.

6 Select the level of triggering signal using level selector.

Adjust the frequency of second function generator so as to obtain the well defined
lissajous pattern (0, *,8)etc.

REPORT

1. Draw the shape of Lissajous pattern with their frequency ratios the
on graph paper.

QUESTIONS
1. Explain in brief the functions of various knobs on the front panel of CRO.

2. Give constructional details of CRT.

3. Explain the necessity of time base circuit.

4. How will you use CRO for phase angle measurement?

5. What is synchronization and why it is required?
 MAULANA AZAD COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
BHOPAL 462 007

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT

To Study the Clipping and Clamping circuits

INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED
Make Range Quantity
1.Funtion Generator
2. Power Supply
3. Multimeter
4. CRO

PROCEDURE ( Clipping Circuits)

1. Make the connections as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. set the dc offset of function generator to zero
3 Set sinusoidal signal of 1Khz
3.
frequency.
Connect the function generator to diode clipper circuit
5. Observe the input and output waveforms on CRO
6. Repeat the above procedure for different clipper circuits.

REPORT
1. Draw the input and Output waveforms on the graph paper

PROCEDURE ( Clamping Cireuits)

1. Make the connections as shown in the circuit diagram.

2. Set sinusoidal signal of 1Khz frequency and amplitude of 5 to 10V P-p on
function generator.
3 Connect the function generator to diode clamper circuit
44. Observe the input and output waveforms on CRO and note the dc shift for output
waveforms using ac/dc knob.

REPORTT
1. Draw the input and Output waveforms on the graph paper

QUESTIONS
1. Explain the action of a diode clipper circuit assuming ideal characteristics of
diode.
2. In the double diode clipper circuit if V2=+5V and V1=-5V, sketch the expected
output waveform.
3. What is the necessity of a resistor to be connected across diode in clamping
circuit?
 Input Waveform |Uutput WavefOrm

Output

Output

Output

Output

-O
wT

Output

CLIPPING CIRCUITS
 Waveform
Uutput
Waveform
Input

Output

Output

-O

CLAMPING CIRCUITS
 TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF
MAULANA AZAD BHOPAL 462 007

ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL
DEPARTMENT OF

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT

PartA: To determine Reverse Biased
characteristics of a ZENER DIODE

Part B To Study the ZENER DIODE as a voltage regulator

SPECIFICATIONS OF ZENER DIODE

P(O) V(Z)
Type I(FAV)

INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED
Make Range Quantity
1. Power Supply
2. Milliammeter
3. Voltmeter

PROCEDURE

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the diagram

from 0-15V in steps of 1volt.
2. Vary the DC input voltage
Measure the voltage Vz and
Current lz.
3.
current.
4 Note the breakdown voltage and corresponding
in steps of 0.2volts and note the voltage
5. After breakdown, vary the voltage
and current.

OBSERVATION

REVERSE BIAS
SNO. | Vz Iz

REPORT
Plot the input VI characteristics on graph paper with (0,0) as origin.

Zener Characteristic and Zener regulator

IV semester Electrical
SPECIFICATIONS OF ZENER DIODE V(Z)
I(FAV) P(O)
Type

INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED Quantity

Make Range
Power Supply
2. Milliammeter
3. Voltmeter

PROCEDURE

1. the circuit and identify the component values

Trace
Connect the circuit as shown in the diagram. Vout
2 resistance RL. Note Vz, Iz,
the load
. the input voltage constant, vary
Keeping
and IL.
out of breakdown region.
4. the load current IL till zener comes
Vary
5. Note the voltage and corresponding current.

OBSERVATION

Iz Vout
SNO. Vz

REPORT
Plot the regulation graph between Vout and I.

QUESTIONS
constant output voltage?
1. How does the zener diode maintain of the
describe the voltage regulating capability
2. Refering to the circuit diagram
circuit for the following conditions:
RL increases.
a) The load resistance
decreases.
b) The Input voltage series regulator using a transistor.
Explain with a diagram t
4. What are the advantages of a series regulator.
terminal regulator?
5. What do you understand by a three

Zener Characteristic and Zener regulator

IV semester Electrical
 Characteristic Of Zener
Zener
Reverse Bias

mA
R
N

Zener as Voltage Regulator

mA
R

RL (Vout
V