Cab Booking System

Project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the

degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

By

Kanav Walia 121294

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Ms. Ramanpreet Kaur

JAYPEE UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, WAKNAGHAT

JUNE 2016

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Topic Page Number

1. Certificate iii
2. Declaration iv
3. Acknowledgements v
4. Abstract vi

5. Introduction 1

6. Objective of The Project 5

7. Time Line of Project 7

8. Analysis

 DFDs 14

 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM 17

 STATE CHART 21

 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM 25

 COLLABORATION DIAGRAM 27

9. Analysis of The Project 31

10. System Development Life Cycle 46

11. Advantage of Cab Booking System 48

12. Security Mechanisms 48

13. Future Scope of the Project 49

14. Conclusion 50

15. Guidelines and Reference 51

ii
 SUPERVISOR’S CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the work reported in the B-Tech. project entitled “Cab Booking

System”, submitted by Kanav Walia at Jaypee University of Information

Technology, Waknaghat, India, is a bonafide record of their original work

carried out under my supervision. This work has not been submitted elsewhere for any

other degree or diploma.

Ms. Ramanpreet Kaur

Computer Science Engineering

Jaypee University of Information Technology

Date:

iii
 DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the work presented in this report entitled “ Cab Boking System”
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of
Technology in Computer Science and Engineering/Information Technology
submitted in the department of Computer Science & Engineering and Information

Technology, Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat is an authentic

record of my own work carried under the supervision of Ms. Ramanpreet Kaur.The
matter embodied in the report has not been submitted for the award of any other degree
or diploma.
This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is true to the best of
my knowledge.

Kanav Walia
Department of Computer Science Engineering
Dated:

iv
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express our deepest appreciation to all those who provided us the
possibility to complete this report. A special gratitude to our final year
project mentor,
Ms Ramanpreet Kaur whose contribution in stimulating suggestions and
encouragement, helped us to coordinate and complete our project especially in
writing this report.
Furthermore, I would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation, the
crucial role of the staff of JUIT, who gave the permission to use all the resources
and other necessary materials to complete the project, 'CAB BOOKING
SYSTEM'.
I shall also thank deep heartedly to the Course Coordinator of BTECH-CSE Mr.
Yashwant Singh, who have invested his full effort in guiding the team in achieving
the goal of concluding the project with a satisfactory note.

Date: Name of the student:

Kanav Walia – 121294

v
 Abstract
When it comes to cab rental services, Taxi Service is the most trusted and reliable name
in the travel business. The most advanced travel agents offering cab rental and car hire
in India, making full use of information technology to improve the level of our
efficiency. However, this is only one aspect of services. And this project continually
strives to offer the best of services - both in terms of man and machine, to our clients
Moreover, this project has a fleet of cars ranging from luxury to budget cabs. While, it
offers online cab hire service for corporate houses. And this project claims to offer the
best of rates, which are tailor-made depending upon the facilities, availed and offer both
intercity and intra-city cab facilities. All cabs have proper permits and documentation so
that the clients couldn't be hassled for the lack of documents. However, this project has
strategic backup system for any eventuality. Cab drivers are educated, polite, and
reliable and are trained to handle acute breakdowns. The cab service includes all
categories of cars from luxury to budget.
Further, this project’s utmost priority is quality. To achieve this, vehicles are well
maintained and tested for delivering optimum and uninterrupted performance. Team of
professionals in the travel business enables this system to design trips that suits to all
budgets and preferences of the travelers. In addition, workforce including drivers and
administrative staff are well trained to discharge their duties with a lot of efficiency.

vi
 CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION

1.1. Introduction

Online Cab Booking System specializing in Hiring cabs to customers. It is an online system
through which customers can view available cabs; register the cabs, view profile and book
cabs.Cab booking service is a major transport service provided by the various transport
operators in a particular city. Mostly peoples use cab service for their daily transportations
need. The company must be a registered and fulfils all the requirements and security
standards set by the transport department.

Online Cab Booking System is a web based platform that allows your customers to book
their taxi's and executive taxis all online from the comfort of their own home or office. The
platform should offer an administration interface where the taxi company can manage the
content, and access all bookings and customer information. More and more Taxi companies
are looking for integrated taxi booking systems as it makes life much easier for (1) The
traveler - this is highly important and in today's internet age people should be able to book
taxis online without having to pick up the phone and (2) the taxi company as all their
bookings are now managed via an automated system which means they have an electronic
record of future and historic bookings

A Cab Booking/Hiring is a system that can be used temporarily for a period of time with a
fee. Hiring a car assists people to get around even when they do not have access to their
own personal vehicle or don't own a vehicle at all. The individual who want to hire/rent a
car must first contact the cab hiring company for the desire vehicle. This can be done
online. At this point, this person has to supply some information such as: dates of rental,
and type of car. After these details are worked out, the individual renting the car must
present a valid Identification Card. Most companies throughout the industry make a profit
based of the type of cars. The hiring cabs are categorized into economy, compact, compact

1
premium; premium and luxury & customers are free to choose any car of their choice based
on their purse and availability of such car at the time of reservation.

Chandigarh Cab Service is the first site in India, which provides reliable online (web based)
cab booking facility to the people in various cities of India., free of cost. Trinity Cab
Service acts like a bridge between the cab operators & the customers/ users/ people who
book a cab. This is the online cab booking service provided to customers. This bridges
together the registration travel agencies/ cab operator/ cab owners & the customers.

www.chandigarhcabservice.com provides this service i.e. we provide free registration for

the cab owners & free service to travels/ customers/ users who go for booking a cab or taxi.
Here the traveler can book a cab/ taxi/ car by viewing all the cab details and pricing details
available, according to selected city and area. It is the reliable service provided to both
customers and travel agencies. This provides service with well-conditioned new vehicles,
with experience drivers for a happy journey of the customers. This project intends to
introduce more user friendly in the various activities such as record updating, maintenance,
and searching. This service is provided by the young entrepreneur who is living in the
Chandigarh. He is feeling something is missing in city to overcome people day to day
problems. The following Online Cab Booking having the following services: -

1. Enhance Business Processes: To be able to use internet technology to project the rental
company to the global world instead of limiting their services to their local domain alone,
thus increase their Return on Investment (ROI).

2.Traveler’s registration: A registration portal to hold traveler’s details, monitor their

transaction and used same to offer better and improve services to them.

3.Group bookings: Allows the customer to book space for a group in the case of weeding
or corporate parties or meetings.

4.Eco-friendly: The monitoring of the vehicle activity and the overall business becomes
easy and includes the least of paper work.

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5. Availability: The software acts as an office that is open 24/7.

6.Efficient: It increases the efficiency of the management at offering quality services to the
customers.

7.User friendly: It provides custom features development and support with the software’s.

8.Security: The subsystem should provide a high level of security and integrity of the data
held by the system, only authorized personnel of the company can gain access to the
company’s secured page on the system; and only users with valid password and username
can login to view user’s page.

Following are the Processes-

1. Cab Search-

Users can search cab for a particular location here. Users required to enter source,
Destination, & place where he wants to go.

2. Login Search-

In the customers has to give out the login details i.e. user’s id and password and then only
he can be logged on. The user id and password given by the customers are checked from
the data stored in the database.

3. Registration Process-

User must be registered before booking a cab. Proper validations will be provided to keep
only authenticated users i.e. those users who will provide correct information. All the data
supply by the user will be stored in database and it will be used for further validations and
authenticated. During registration, users have to give login and password of their choice.
Login names and password will be stored in the databases so that the users can directly
login without registration again and again.

3
A taxicab, also taxi or cab, is a type of vehicle for hire with a driver, used by a single
passenger or small group of passengers often for a non-shared ride. A taxicab conveys
passengers between locations of their choice. In modes of public transport, the pick-up and
drop-off locations are determined by the service provider, not by the passenger, although
demand and share taxis provide a hybrid bus/taxi mode.

We used SWIFT 2.0 language for developing our project. Swift is a powerful and intuitive
programming language for iOS, OS X, tvOS, and watchOS. Writing Swift code is
interactive and fun, the syntax is concise yet expressive, and apps run lightning-fast. Swift
has been refined from the ground up. It generates faster code across the board, both for
release and debug builds. The Swift compiler is also faster, even while adding new Fix-it
suggestions such as where you can use let instead of var. Comments can include Markdown
syntax to add rich text and embedded images that display in Xcode’s Quick Help. A new
assistant shows Swift API in a “header-like” view. And new syntax features combined with
improvements to the Cocoa frameworks and Objective-C will make your code more
expressive, and even safer.

1.2 Problem Statement

The old manual system was suffering from a series of drawbacks. Since whole of the
system was to be maintained with hands the process of keeping, maintaining and retrieving
the information was very tedious and lengthy. The records were never used to be in a
systematic order. there used to be lots of difficulties in associating any particular
transaction with a particular context. If any information was to be found it was required to
go through the different registers, documents there would never exist anything like report
generation. There would always be unnecessary consumption of time while entering
records and retrieving records. One more problem was that it was very difficult to find
errors while entering the records. Once the records were entered it was very difficult to
update these records.

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 1.3 Objectives

 To keep the information of Customer.

 To keep the information of number of bookings in current month.

 To keep the detail of taxis route.

 To keep the information of cancellation and modification of booking in current

month.

 To maintain the record of every employee of every route.

A computer based management system is designed to handle the entire primary Information
required to manage the whole data. Separate database is maintained to handle all the details
required for the correct statement calculation and generations. This project intends to
introduce more user friendly in the various activities such as record updating, maintenance,
and searching. The objective and scope of my project Online Cab Hiring System is to
record the details various activities of user. It will simplify the task and reduce the paper
work. To produce a web-based system that allow customer to register and reserve cab
online During implementation every user will be given appropriate training to suit their
specific needs. Specific support will also be provided at key points within the academic
calendar. Training will be provided on a timely basis, and you will be trained as the new is
Cab Hiring System rolled out to your area of responsibility.

To produce a web-based system that allow customer to register and reserve cab online and
for the company to effectively manage their Cab hiring business. To ease customer’s task
whenever they need to rent a cab or hire a cab.

1.4 Introduction to tools :

1.4.1 Introduction of Swift:
Swift is a new programming language for iOS, OS X, watchOS, and tvOS apps that builds
on the best of C and Objective-C, without the constraints of C compatibility. Swift adopts
safe programming patterns and adds modern features to make programming easier, more

5
flexible, and more fun. Swift’s clean slate, backed by the mature and much-loved Cocoa
and Cocoa Touch frameworks, is an opportunity to reimagine how software development
works.

Swift has been years in the making. Apple laid the foundation for Swift by advancing our
existing compiler, debugger, and framework infrastructure. We simplified memory
management with Automatic Reference Counting (ARC). Our framework stack, built on
the solid base of Foundation and Cocoa, has been modernized and standardized throughout.
Objective-C itself has evolved to support blocks, collection literals, and modules, enabling
framework adoption of modern language technologies without disruption. Thanks to this
groundwork, we can now introduce a new language for the future of Apple software
development.

Swift is a fantastic way to write iOS, OS X, watchOS, and tvOS apps, and will continue to
evolve with new features and capabilities. Our goals for Swift are ambitious. We can’t wait
to see what you create with it

1.4.2 Introduction of IOS

iOS is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by Apple Inc. It was originally
released in 2007 for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and Apple TV. iOS is derived from OS X,
with which it shares the Darwin foundation. iOS is Apple's mobile version of the OS X
operating system used in Apple computers.

Advantages of Swift:

 Swift has a lot of cool things, such as safe memory management, strong typing,
generics and

 Swift is cleaner and more readable than Objective-C. There are modules that
eliminate class prefixes. It also has half as many files in a project, and
understandable closure syntax.

6
  Swift allows to create flexible and lightweight classes which contain exactly what
you want (no root class), i.e. if you want to print description, just implement the
protocol printableand if you want to compare - implement Comparable.

 Swift isn’t that fast, but isn’t slower than Objective-C either.

 Optional and optional bindings

 Switch statement

1.5 Time Line OF Project:

Figure 1.1

7
 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 INTRODUCTION
Actual cities are oversaturated, on one hand most of the population is concentrated in large
cities (in 2030 more than 80% (UNFPA 2007) of the population will live in urban areas),
on the other hand mobility needs of the modern population are growing continuously.
While urban demand for trips is growing constantly, supply (capacity of city streets) is
limited, and must be optimized, not increased (most of the times not possible inside the
city). Well-planned, efficiently operated, and cost-effective transportation system
management (TSM) strategies can improve mobility of existing systems for transportation
users, especially in urban environments, where a good optimization of the infrastructure is
needed (considering the high cost of building new facilities and the continuously
increasing demand resulting from economical and population growth). Last years
tendencies are shifting person trips from private vehicles to public vehicles, increasing the
Public Transport share importantly. The most used Public Transports are the “Mass
Transports” such as metro, tram or bus. This kind of transport usually has a centralized
management which uses ITS technologies developed in the last decade for an optimal
operation of the service.
Unfortunately, inflexibility, long total travel time and insufficient service coverage of
Mass Transport systems cause a lower usage of them in most metropolitan areas.
Oppositely, the taxi-cab sector is a more convenient mode due to its speediness, door-to-
door attribute, privacy, comfort, long-time operation and lack of parking fees. The great
Josep Maria Salanova et al. / Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 20 (2011) 150–161
151 inconvenience is the lack of central management; each taxi is operated by an
independent driver, taking his own decisions continuously, with a weak intent of control by
the policy issues of each city such as license control or distributing the working days of the
taxi vehicles (normally the control is imposed on vehicles, not on drivers, generating
double shift and increasing the use of taxis). An important percentage of the cars (e. g.
60% in Hong Kong (Yang et al. 2000)) in the daily flow are taxis, most of them empty
8
taxies. This situation is creating two problems, an internal problem to the taxi drivers
(higher empty kilometers means lower benefits) and an external problem to the citizens
(congestion and pollution). The first problem is being aggravated with the actual economic
crisis, which is breaking the market equilibrium: demand is decreasing due to the lower
incomes of the population and offer is increasing due to the increasing number of taxi
drivers (not taxi licenses). Market equilibrium cannot be achieved in this concrete market
because of the regulations (price is not established freely), and cannot go to the next
equilibrium point due to the price policies imposed in each city. This is a vicious cycle,
where empty hours are increasing, and taxi drivers need to work more time in order to have
the same income, which means lower income per hour (Daniel (2006)). In this situation,
taxi drivers prefer to stop at taxi stands and wait for a client, without expending fuel in
empty trips and consequently saturating the taxi stands. If taxi stops network is not well
designed, this situation will create a decrease in the Level of Service of the passengers,
decreasing the demand and congesting the streets near the taxi stops.
The taxi sector has been traditionally a regulated market in terms of fares and entry
control. The objective of this regulation is to correct the defects of the taxi sector, such as
externalities (congestion and contamination), low level of service offered and
anticompetitive behavior of the market. A fundamental distinction in types of taxi
regulations is between quantity regulation, quality regulation and market conduct
regulation. Quality regulation embraces the standard of vehicles, driver and operator; this
type of regulation is more a safety regulation than a competitiveness one. Market conduct
regulation includes rules regarding pick up of passengers, or affiliation to a radio
network.Quantity regulations include price regulation and entry restriction. From now and
on, the term regulation will refer to quantity regulation. Restrictions on entry to the taxi
market have been applied by many cities around the world, but actually many cities are
deregulating their markets. The most common justifications used for controlling the
entrance to the taxi market are the protection of the taxi drivers incomes and the
externalities (pollution and congestion) caused by the circulating taxis, but when decisions
are taken without a good justification or implementation plan, entry restrictions and fare
regulations are distorting economically the taxi sector, leading to important welfare losses.
As a result of entry control, the price of the licenses in markets where taxi licenses are
9
tradeable are higher (Paris 125.000 €, Sydney 300.000 $, Melbourne 500.000$, New York
600.000$ [OECD 2007]), and they are rising up constantly due to the exploitation of their
owners. Reforms have often been opposed to reduce the incomes of drivers, which are
normally low, and restrictive conditions have been applied in this direction, but there is no
evidence that taxi incomes are higher in markets with regulated entry conditions.
Oppositely, license owners is the group who is being beneficiated by these measures, and
not the drivers (Melbourne, as commented above has taxi licenses valuated in 500.000$,
but driver incomes are estimated at 8 – 14$ per hour [OECD 2007]).
Deregulation has most of the times positive impacts, resulting in lower waiting times,
increased consumer satisfaction and price falling (OECD 2007). Market liberalization is an
interesting challenge for many cities, but in cities where strong supply restrictions have
been applied, there will be a strong opposition to reform proposals from the license-
owners. Arguments support that license-owners must be compensated in that case: one
approach (first used in Ireland) is to give the additional licenses to each license-owner,
ensuring that the new monopoly will remain in their hands; alternatively the new license
can be given to taxi drivers without taxi license (OECD 2007). In Melbourne, a 12 year
program is adding to the stock of licenses a number of licenses equal to the yearly demand
growth. Other concepts are important in relation to deregulation, most of the times quantity
deregulation means quality regulation, ensuring safety and minimum service standards.
The paper is structured as follows: the second chapter presents the taxi market, describing
the operational modes.The third chapter resumes the different models presented in the
literature, from the aggregated models until the equilibrium models. The next chapter
highlights the most important ideas and results from the literature review, analyzing the
operational modes, the market equilibrium and the regulation of the taxicab markets. The
fifth chapter presents an overview of the taxi markets in different cities around the world,
resuming the deregulation consequences observed in the deregulated markets. Finally, the
last chapter contains the conclusions obtained from the literature and state of the practice
review and proposes the development of a new model for the study of the taxicab market.

10
2.2 TAXI
2. The MARKET
taxi market
Taxis are private vehicles used for public transport services providing door to door
personal transport. Taxi services can be divided into three broad categories: rank market,
hail market and prebooked market. Rank places are designated places where taxi can wait
for passengers and vice versa. Taxis and customers are forming queues regulated by a FIFO
system. Disadvantages are that due to the FIFO policy established price has no effects on
customer choice, and that customers must walk until the nearest taxi stop. In the hail market
clients hail a cruising taxi on the street. There is uncertainty about the waiting time and the
quality/fare of the service customers will find. Advantage here is that customer mustn’t
walk until the taxi stop.

In this case a monopolistic market is possible. In the pre-booked market consumers

telephone a dispatching center asking for an immediate taxi service or for a later taxi
service. Only in this kind of market consumers can choose between different service
providers or companies. At the same time, companies can fidelize clients with a good door
to door service. The market here isa competitive market where larger companies can offer
smaller waiting times.
3.

2.3 Taxi Model Review

From the early 70’s many studies have been published in relation to the taxi sector. While
first studies (1970-1990) were related to the profitability of the sector and the necessity for
regulation using aggregated models, later studies (1990-2010) implemented more realistic
models in the taxi sector: from the most simple model of Wong developed in 1997 for a
little taxi fleet until the most sophisticated model of Wong (2009) being able to simulate
congestion, elasticity of demand, different user classes, external congestion and non linear
costs, taking into account different market configurations. Douglas (1972) developed the
first taxi model in an aggregated way, using economic relationships from other sectors
(goods and services). Many authors (de Vany (1975), Beesley (1973), Beesley and
Glaster (1983) and Schroeter (1983)) used the model proposed by Douglas for developing
their models and tested them in the different market configurations. Manski and Wright
(1976), Arnott (1996) and Cairns and Liston-Heyes (1996) developed structural models,

11
obtaining more realistic results. Yang and Wong (1997-2010c) developed accurate
models, taking into account the spatial distribution of demand and supply in the city using
traffic assignment models. Last models proposed by Wong et al. (2005) and Yang et al.
(2010b) assume a bidirectional function taking account the willingness to pay of customers,
making it much more realistic. New technologies applied to the taxi market such as GPS,
GIS and GPRS were also simulated in the different models, proving their benefits and
justifying their use. Many of the models developed have been tested in different cities
around the world using data from different sources. Beesley (1973) and Beesley and
Gaister (1983) studied the data obtained from questionnaires in different cities in the UK,
especially from London. Schroeter (1983) is the first to use data from taximeters in his
model, using the data from a taxi company in Minneapolis (EEUU). Schaller (2007) uses
interviews and questionnaires from taxi agents and customers in different cities of the
EEUU.

12
 CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

3.1 MODULE DESIGN

Software design sits at the technical kernel of the software engineering process and is
applied regardless of the development paradigm and area of application. Design is the first
step in the development phase for any engineered product or system. The designer’s goal is
to produce a model or representation of an entity that will later be built. Beginning, once
system requirement has been specified and analyzed, system design is the first of the three
technical activities -design, code and test that is required to build and verify software.
The importance can be stated with a single word “Quality”. Design is the place where
quality is fostered in software development. Design provides us with representations of
software that can assess for quality. Design is the only way that we can accurately translate
a customer’s view into a finished software product or system. Software design serves as a
foundation for all the software engineering steps that follow. Without a strong design we
risk building an unstable system – one that will be difficult to test, one whose quality
cannot be assessed until the last stage.
During design, progressive refinement of data structure, program structure, and procedural
details are developed reviewed and documented. System design can be viewed from either
technical or project management perspective. From the technical point of view, design is
comprised of four activities – architectural design, data structure design, interface design
and procedural design.

3.2DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS

A data flow diagram is graphical tool used to describe and analyze movement of data
through a system. These are the central tool and the basis from which the other
components are developed. The transformation of data from input to output, through
processed, may be described logically and independently of physical components
associated with the system. These are known as the logical data flow diagrams. The
physical data flow diagrams show the actual implements and movement of data between

13
people, departments and workstations. A full description of a system actually consists of a
set of data flow diagrams. Using two familiar notations Yourdon, Gane and Sarson
notation develops the data flow diagrams. Each component in a DFD is labeled with a
descriptive name. Process is further identified with a number that will be used for
identification purpose. The development of DFD’S is done in several levels. Each process
in lower level diagrams can be broken down into a more detailed DFD in the next level.
The lop-level diagram is often called context diagram. It consists a single process bit,
which plays vital role in studying the current system. The process in the context level
diagram is exploded into other process at the first level DFD.

The idea behind the explosion of a process into more process is that understanding at one
level of detail is exploded into greater detail at the next level. This is done until further
explosion is necessary and an adequate amount of detail is described for analyst to
understand the process. Larry Constantine first developed the DFD as a way of expressing
system requirements in a graphical from, this lead to the modular design.

A DFD is also known as a “bubble Chart” has the purpose of clarifying system
requirements and identifying major transformations that will become programs in system
design. So it is the starting point of the design to the lowest level of detail. A DFD
consists of a series of bubbles joined by data flows in the system.

3.2.1 Dfd symbols

In the DFD, there are four symbols

1. A square defines a source(originator) or destination of system data

2. An arrow identifies data flow. It is the pipeline through which the information flows
3. A circle or a bubble represents a process that transforms incoming data flow into
outgoing data flows.
4. An open rectangle is a data store, data at rest or a temporary repository of data

14
 Process that transforms data flow.

Source or Destination of data

Data flow

Data Store

Figure 3.1
3.2.2 Constructing a dfd
Several rules of thumb are used in drawing DFD’S:
1. Process should be named and numbered for an easy reference. Each name should be
representative of the process.
2. The direction of flow is from top to bottom and from left to right. Data traditionally
flow from source to the destination although they may flow back to the source. One
way to indicate this is to draw long flow line back to a source. An alternative way is to
repeat the source symbol as a destination. Since it is used more than once in the DFD it
is marked with a short diagonal.
3. When a process is exploded into lower level details, they are numbered.
4. The names of data stores and destinations are written in capital letters. Process and
dataflow names have the first letter of each work capitalized

15
A DFD typically shows the minimum contents of data store. Each data store should
contain all the data elements that flow in and out.

3.2.3 Salient features of dfd’s :

1. The DFD shows flow of data, not of control loops and decision are controlled
considerations do not appear on a DFD.
2. The DFD does not indicate the time factor involved in any process whether the
dataflow take place daily, weekly, monthly or yearly.
3. The sequence of events is not brought out on the DFD.

3.2.4 Types of dfd’s :

1. Current Physical
In Current Physical DFD process label include the name of people or their positions or
the names of computer systems that might provide some of the overall system-
processing label includes an identification of the technology used to process the data.
Similarly, data flows and data stores are often labels with the names of the actual
physical media on which data are stored such as file folders, computer files, business
forms or computer tapes
2. Current Logical

The physical aspects at the system are removed as much as possible so that the current
system is reduced to its essence to the data and the processors that transform them
regardless of actual physical form.
3. New Logical

This is exactly like a current logical model if the user were completely happy with the
user were completely happy with the functionality of the current system but had
problems with how it was implemented typically through the new logical model will
differ from current logical model while having additional functions, absolute function
removal and inefficient flows recognized.

16
4. New Physical

The new physical represents only the physical implementation of the new system.

3.3 Diagrams
Level 1 Admin:

HR
Manager

Maintanance
Manager

Id & Password Valid Id &

Admin Register Movement
InValid Id & Password
Manager
Password

Finance
Manager

Quality
Assurance
DB
Manager

Figure 3.2

17
3.3.1 Use Case:

Admin :

Figure 3.3

18
User :

Figure 3.4

19
3.3.2 Class Diagram

Admin
Usr Id
Password

Register Accounts
View Details

Maintanance Movement Finance Manager Quality Assurance

HR Manager Manager
Manager Manager
User Id User Id
User Id User Id
Password User Id Password
Password Password
Password
EmpInformation Vehicle billing
Route Details Accident Details
Shift Timing info Driver Details vendor billing
Route Search Feed Back
Shift Shedule- Vendor Details View Profile
Driver Shft Details View Profile
information Vehicle Details
Batch Details Spare part details VehicleSearch
spare part billing Shift Details

Figure 3.5

20
3.3.3 State Chart Diagram:

Admin
Register

Employee

provide Cab
Services

Feed Back

Figure 3.6

21
Figure 3.7

Figure 3.8

22
3.3.4 Activity diagram

Admin

Figure 3.9

23
User :

Figure 3.10

24
3.3.5 Sequence Diagram :

Admin :

Figure 3.11

25
User :

Figure 3.12

26
3.3.6 Collaboration Diagram :

Admin

Figure 3.13

27
User

Figure 3.14

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3.4 NS Core Data
3.4.1 Entities

User Details

Atribute name Type

Full name String

Username String

Email String

Location String

Password String

Phone Number Integer

Date Of Birth String

Order History Dictionary

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3.5 Process Algorith
Admin

User

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 CHAPTER 4
ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT

4.1 Project Overview:

We aim to become a pioneer in the vehicle rental industry by completely focusing on

customers, our employees, growth, innovation and efficiency. All of these elements will
drive us towards success and show us as one company that can perform and give value for
money.

4.2 Product Description

When it comes to cab rental services, Cool Service is the most trusted and reliable name in
the travel business. The most advanced travel agents offering cab rental and car hire in
India, making full use of information technology to improve the level of our efficiency.
However, this is only one aspect of services. And this project continually strives to offer the
best of services - both in terms of man and machine, to our clients
Moreover, this project has a fleet of cars ranging from luxury to budget cabs. While, it
offers online cab hire service for corporate houses. And this project claims to offer the best
of rates, which are tailor-made depending upon the facilities, availed and offer both
intercity and intra-city cab facilities. All cabs have proper permits and documentation so
that the clients couldn't be hassled for the lack of documents. However, this project has
strategic backup system for any eventuality. Cab drivers are educated, polite, and reliable
and are trained to handle acute breakdowns. The cab service includes all categories of cars
from luxury to budget.
Further, this project’s utmost priority is quality. To achieve this, vehicles are well
maintained and tested for delivering optimum and uninterrupted performance. Team of
professionals in the travel business enables this system to design trips that suits to all
budgets and preferences of the travelers. In addition, workforce including drivers and
administrative

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4.3 Project Plan
It was decided to use good Software engineering principals in the development of the
system since the server in the network always is running state for the user requests.
1. The Analysts will interact with the current manual system users to get the Requirements.
As a part of this the Requirements Specification Document will be created.

2. The requirements Specifications document will contain the Analysis & Design of the
system.

3. The Analysis, Design, Implementation & testing of the System will be followed to
produce an incremental cycle, which will deliver milestones like the Requirements
Specification Document etc., at the end of each of the iterations, Phases or cycles.

4. The Architecture & Technologies will be decided as a part of the Analysis of the
requirements.

5. Once the Design is ready the Implementation & Testing strategy of the system will
commence. Each will be independent of the other. The implementation of the system itself
will be broken down into sub-systems following the Software Engineering principles for
the development of robust software.

6. Once the implementation is ready, the System testing will take place. If the system is
judged to be stable, then Acceptance testing by the Users will take place & once the Users
are satisfied the System will be rolled out to the Users & they will be trained on how to use
it for an initial period.

The following chapters contain an account of how the Technology & architecture for the
system were chosen.

4.3.1 Existing System:

Cool cab Service is an innovative thought to simplify the Transportation problems of

Employees of an organization. In the present System, Organization do maintain a person
for the allocating and proper functioning of transportation. The Person appointed needs to
look after the assigning and movement of cabs.Authorized person maintains the

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transportation details in papers, which is a tedious task if any updations or changes need to
be done.

 Details are stored in Papers.

 Maintenance is a huge problem.

 Updation, changes in details is a tedious task.

 Performance is not achieved up to the requirements.

4.3.2 Proposed System

In the Previous System, Details are Stored Manually in papers, to share the details between
employees was a Financial drawback. Updations in the details is a tedious task.But a new
system was proposed to overcome the above drawbacks.

Functionalities and advantages of proposed system are:

 Data is Centralized which has overcome the Sharing problem in previous system.

 As data is Maintained electronically, it’s easy for a person to update the details,
which has overcome the tedious updation in previous system.

 Maintenance is easy and performance is good.

 Mainly the system has automated the Transportation Process.

4.4 Use Case Template

Source / Destination: - Use case specification
Brief Description: - The main use of this use caseis to provide the details about
source and the destination of the user of the cab.
Flow of Events: -
Basic Flow: -
1. User books a cab by providing the details of source and destination.
2. Booking clerk check the database.

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 3.On successful traveler makes the booking of the cab.
Pre conditions:
The traveler should have a cab for a destination place.
Post conditions:
The database must be modified after the booking transaction takes place.
2. Date / Time:
Use case specification
Brief Description:
The main purpose of this use case is to know details about the number of cabs available
at that particular date.

4.5 MODULE
This project contains 2 main modules
 Customer Module
 Driver Module
I am working on Customer Module right now.

The project consists of four main views:

 Log in: A Login screen with user and password text fields. There’s a “Sign Up”
button to go to the Sign Up view to create a new user.

 Sign Up: In this view, the user introduces the username and password to create a
new account with the backend service.

 Wall: This is the main screen of the app. Here the user can see all of the other users
uploaded images, the creation date and the comment associated with them.

 Map: In this view user can see the nearest cab and its location and timing and also
their movement and rout.

Each view has its own UI ViewController in the storyboard.

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4.5 Minimum system requirements for TAXI Management:
Processor:
ARM Processor, 1Gz or better
RAM:
2GB
HDD:
160 GB, 7200k spin
Operating system:
Mac MINI, IOS system
Minimum system requirements for CMS Mobile:
 Operating system, I Phone 4
 Touchscreen
 GPS Module
 GPRS Data Plan

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4.6 SCREENS
4.6.1 Launch Screen

Figure 4.1

36
4.6.2 Login Screen :

Figure 4.2

37
4.6.3 Registration screen with alert for incomplete input

Figure 4.3

38
4.6.4 Registration Screen with date picker

Figure 4.4

39
4.6.5 Map Screen

Figure 4.5

40
4.6.6 Map screen with no path selected

Figure 4.6

41
4.6.7 Map with path shown

Figure 4.7

42
4.6.8 Final Screen with journey details being shown

Figure 4.8

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4.6.9 Journey details showing successful booking

Figure 4.9

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4.7 Interpretation

The first step that users will encounter in your app is to register as a user.Open the
file RegisterViewController.swift; right now the view doesn’t do anything apart from being
opened and closed. Mission is to implement the functionality for user registration when the
user taps the “Sign Up” button.

Locate the action method signUpPressed(_:): and replace it with the following code:

Registration Code :
IBActionfuncsignUpPressed(sender: AnyObject) {
let user = PFUser()
user.username = userTextField.text
user.password = passwordTextField.text
user.signUpInBackgroundWithBlock {
succeeded, error in if (succeeded) {
//The registration was successful, go to the wall
self.performSegueWithIdentifier(self.scrollViewWallSegue, sender: nil)
} else if let error = error {
//Something bad has occurred
self.showErrorView(error)
}
}}

In the code above, the steps followed for creating a user are:
Create a new PFUser object named user. You will use this object for both the login and
register processes. It stores your authenticated user, so you can access the data for this user
any time you want.

45
You can find the PFUser class documentation.Assign the username and password
to user from the text fields in the view.Call the method that registers the user in the
background, and checks the response in a closure. There are two possible responses here:
either the response is okay and you logged in your newly created user, or there was an
error. In the first case, move on to the wall view, and otherwise show the user a description
of the error. Build and run the app to check for errors. To check the user registration
process, run the app, and at the Log In screen, press the Sign Up button.

4.8 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

The systems development life cycle is a project management technique that divides
complex projects into smaller, more easily managed segments or phases. Segmenting
projects allows managers to verify the successful completion of project phases before
allocating resources to subsequent phases. Software development projects typically include
initiation, planning, design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance
phases. However, the phases may be divided differently depending on the organization
involved.

46
PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF SDLC

Figure 4.10

47
4.8 ADVANTAGES OF CAB BOOKING SYSTEM

Now one can easily plan the journey comfortably as the process is efficient and fast with
being easy to access. Bookings can be made through the cab booking site or by the phone
call. This being a big step in terms of improvement in the cab system it is widely accepted
across the country.A route-based booking system that facilitates the issue of journey-cum-
booking cab, which can be issued from any station to any station.

Passenger journey to multiple laps of booking can be handled from a single terminal
window.The booking facility is offered round-the-clock (24 hours uninterrupted).Changes
in cab profiles (cab addition, replacement, de-allocation), route structures, etc., can be made
effective immediately with the appropriate contingency handling

Dynamic definition of the advance booking period is possible. This feature facilitates
defining different advance booking periods for different cabs.Any cab running schedule can
be accommodated.Provides on-line aggregation of EIS figures such as revenue,
cabutilization, etc., and presentation of the summarized data in the form of visual analytics
from the operational system's information store. The data aggregation is done
incrementally, to inflict minimal impact.Provides automatic database recovery against all
kinds of hardware and software failures.

4.9 SECURITY MECHANISMS

Some of the factors that are identified to protect the software from accidental or malicious
access, use, modification, destruction, or disclosure are described below. Specific
requirements in this area could include the need to:

 Utilize certain cryptographic techniques

 Keep specific log or history data sets
 Assign certain functions to different modules
 Restrict communications between some areas of the program
 Check data integrity for critical variables

48
  Later version of the software will incorporate encryption techniques in the
user/license authentication process.
 The software will include an error tracking log that will help the user understand
what error occurred when the application crashed along with suggestions on how to
prevent the error from occurring again.
 Communication needs to be restricted when the application is validating the user or
license. (i.e., using https).

4.10 Future scope of the project

Every Edition of a book comes with new topics and modifications if any errors are present.
In the similar way, in near future, our application will overcome the flaws if occurred, and
attains new features offered to employees for the Flexible and easy Transportation.
Following are the Enhancements to the application.

 Providing Good User Interface.

 Providing access permissions to the employees

 Try to Implement the GPS system in the Cabs.

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 CONCLUSIONS
Information Technology plays a vital role not only in a particular field, it provides various
kinds of solutions and services to the various problems prevailing in many fields.
Cabs exploits information technology at the maximum extent. It uses the information
technology in an efficient way for providing better passenger services. The online booking
system helps to solve the everyday problems of the world biggest Indian

Limitations:
Cool Cab Services is a Web application and it is restricted to only limited type of users. In
this application, Different types of managers have been given access rights and they are
restricted up to their functionalities, so that the data is maintained securely and redundant
data is prevented. As the Data is stored electronically, it is necessary to have a Computer
and Network connection to access the Application. Here The Details of Employees and
Drivers, cabs are maintained but accounts to these people are not created. using this
application manger do assign or update the batch, shift of cabs to drivers and employees.
But employees are unable to view their details.

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 Guidelines and References

1. www.google.com
2. http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-1996/jw-12-sockets.html
3. http://pont.net/socket/java/
4. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms130214

5. http://www.chambers.com.au/glossary/software_requirements_specification.php

6. http://ac.aup.fr/~croda/SampleStudentsWork/cs348/finalProjectS07/final%20presen

tation/final/Volere_Specifications_FV.pdf

references
1. https://developers.google.com/places/web-service/autocomplete
2. https://developers.google.com/places/
3. https://books.google.co.in/.
4. https://designcode.io/
5. https://www.raywenderlich.com/
6. http://www.appcoda.com/
7. https://www.lynda.com/
8. https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/ios-
sdk/start#step_2_get_cocoapods

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