Synthesis of Comprehensive Land Use Plan Guidelines

The CLUP document shall be presented/packaged in three (3) volumes: Volume 1 – The
Comprehensive Land Use Plan Volume 2 – The Zoning Ordinance Volume 3 – Sectoral Studies.

Volume 1–The Comprehensive Land Use Plan. This shall comprise the formal and substantive
elements of the CLUP/ZO and shall contain the following: Overview and rationale -Legal mandates and
enabling policy environment - Relationship with national plans and programs - Principles and
approaches - Planning area and period - Pre-Planning –Steps 1-2 Planning –Steps 3-8 Plan
Implementation and Monitoring –Steps 9-12 -Structure and Contents of CLUP and ZO- The CLUP as a
marketing and investment tool

Part 1. The legal mandates and enabling policy environment which discuss in volume 1 are the
following:

The 1987 Constitution is the principal enabling law that provides for the sustainable
management and development of all the country’s resources, particularly land. It provides for the
purpose by which the country’s resources should be managed, used, developed, owned and disposed;

The Republic Act 7160 (RA 7160) or the Local Government Code of 1991 provides the mandate
of LGUs on local planning, legislation, implementation, including budgeting, and monitoring;

Executive Order 72 was issued providing for the preparation and implementation of the CLUP
by the local government units and for the review and approval thereof by the HLURB and the
Sangguniang Panlalawigan;

The Urban Development and Housing Act (UDHA) or RA 7279 gives a clear-cut definition of a
Land Use Plan which the LGUs are mandated to adopt; The Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
(HLURB) is mandated by Executive Order No. 648 and RA 7160 (LGC) to formulate land use planning
guidelines and standards;In particular EO 648 – Reorganizing the Human Settlements Regulatory
Commission. The critical role of LGUs in the country’s mitigation and adaptation strategy on climate
change is distinctly mandated in Sec. 14 of the CCA (RA 9729);

The CCA law mandates the municipal and city governments as “one of their regular functions”
and shall mobilize the necessary resources and personnel to implement their local climate change action
plans. Provincial governments on the other hand are directed, along with national government agencies,
to provide technical and resources, enforcement and information management assistance to LGUs to
implement local CCA plans; And other laws that give LGUs the responsibility to manage and conserve
their local resources.

Under the relationship with national plans and programs are the following:

1. Philippine Agenda 21; - this guide advocates the principles of the Philippine Agenda 21
(PA21), which is the national agenda for sustainable development. PA 21 has five goal elements, as
follows: poverty reduction, social equity, empowerment and good governance, peace and solidarity, and
ecological integrity.

2. National Framework for Physical Planning (2001-2030). This guide also promotes the
following principles consistent with the planning and management of resources provided for in the
National Framework for Physical Planning (NFPP): food security; environmental stability and ecological
integrity; Regional Urban Development: Spatial Integration: Equitable access to physical and natural
resources: Private-public sector partnership: People Empowerment: Recognition of the rights of
indigenous people: Market orientation.

3. National Strategic Framework for Climate Change (2010-2022) and National Climate Change
Action Plan (NCCAP). This Guide supports and complements the National Strategic Framework for
Climate Change (2010-2022) adopted by the Government of the Philippines as its national strategy
towards ‘ensuring and strengthening the adaptation’ of our natural ecosystems and human
communities to climate change. Under the NSFCC, the adoption of the integrated ecosystem-based
management is one of the adaptation pillars of the country’s national strategy on climate change.
Specifically: Integrated Ecosystem-based Management; Local Climate Change Action Plan.

4. Millennium Development Goals (MDG) 2000- 2015.

Under the Principles and Approaches Adopted in the CLUP preparation process we have the
watershed as platform for land use planning, inclusive and expansive governance, co-management
principle, gender responsiveness and sensitivity, Integration of Barangay Development Plans (Bottom-Up
Approach), Top-to-Bottom Approach.

Planning Area and Period. The primary planning area is defined by the cities’/municipalities’
political boundaries. This includes all component barangays and the city/municipal waters extending 15
kilometers from shoreline for coastal LGUs. The CLUP covers a planning period of nine years at the
minimum. It may be reviewed every three years coinciding with the term of the locally elected officials.

Part 2. Process. The 12-Step Process to Comprehensive Land Use Planning.

Step 1. Organize. Getting organized is an important first step to take before doing the actual
plan preparation activities. Anticipating and preparing for the resources that will be needed for the
planning activities will lead to the smooth implementation of accomplishment of planning outputs in
time.

Step 2. Identify Stakeholders. Public participation is a fundamental part of the planning process.
It ensures the involvement of all stakeholders in order to enhance awareness, raise the quality of the
plan, and increase the likelihood of the plan’s acceptability and success of implementation. Stakeholder
participation has two essential and related components: information sharing between the LGU and the
citizenry, and active involvement of stakeholders in identifying issues, evaluating options, and
formulating strategies.

Step 3. Set the Vision. Setting up a new CLUP vision is a participatory and iterative exercise
among the key stakeholders and community members of the LGU. This process can be set-up at several
levels—community, barangay and municipal levels. There is no right or wrong answer in setting up a
new CLUP vision. It is a process-oriented exercise that may take several iterations or discussions,
normally facilitated by an external person, before arriving at a consensus for a new CLUP vision among
local stakeholders.

Step 4. Analyze the Situation. The Situation Analysis, basically answers the question: Where are
we now? It is both analytical and diagnostic, geared towards identifying issues, potentials and future
development needs and spatial requirements of the city/ municipality. Assessment involves technical
and participatory methods.

Step 5. Set the Goals and Objectives. The formulation of goals and objectives will help the
city/municipality achieve its vision. It is important that the goals and objectives are formulated with the
consensus of the broader community. In this way the plan is able to engage all sectors and ownership of
the plan is shared by the community. Participatory goal setting is a good way to achieve this.

Step 6. Establish Development Thrust and Spatial Strategies. Establishing the development
thrust and spatial strategies is critical in determining the future development of the city/municipality. It
involves the translation of the city/ municipality’s vision, goals, and objectives into various development
alternatives or scenarios and choosing one or a combination of scenarios to serve as a framework for
detailing the future land use plan. The inputs from the various sectoral, thematic, and area studies
should serve as input to this framework.

Step 7. Prepare the Land Use Plan. At this stage in the planning process, the development thrust
and spatial strategy will be translated into a Land Use Plan that will describe how, why, when, and
where to build, rebuild, and preserve. In allocating and detailing of land uses, the Land Use Plan
integrates the mandatory elements such as the transportation network, public facilities, economic
development, ecologically critical areas, and natural hazards. Land use conflicts are reconciled and
adjustments in the whole matrix of relationships are made.

Step 8. Draft the Zoning Ordinance. Drafting the integrated ZO is basically translating the CLUP
into a legal document/ tool. In general, zoning has the same features or land use classifications as the
CLUP, except that it provides more detailed information on zone boundaries and use regulations/
controls, among others. This activity is seen as complementary to the preparation of the Land Use Plan
in an iterative manner. Land use policies that were defined in the Land Use Plan shall serve as primary
inputs to the preparation of an integrated ZO.

Step 9. Conduct Public Hearing/Consultation. This step provides a systematic approach to

consensus building on the final draft of the CLUP/ ZO prior to its submission for approval/ ratification.
This involves a 3-stage process: public display and information dissemination, conduct of public
hearing/consultation, and the refinement of the CLUP/ ZO as a result of the public hearing/ consultation.

Step 10. Review Adopt and Approve the Clup and Zo. This step provides the guide to conducting
the mandatory comprehensive review, adoption and approval/ratification of the CLUP/ ZO. This section
is structured according to the requirements for each of the following: • Component cities and
municipalities • Highly-urbanized cities and independent component cities • Metro Manila
cities/municipality.

Step 11. Implement the Clup and Zoning Ordinance. Implementing the CLUP requires resources,
institutional structures, and procedures, among others, to be realized. The Local Government Code
allows flexibility for LGUs to design and implement their own organizational structure and staffing
pattern according to their vision, goals, and objectives. Other measures and instruments maybe enacted
by the LGU to realistically implement the CLUP/ ZO. These measures and instruments are laid out in this
section. LGUs will have to judge what is appropriate for their own situation. The LGU’s creativity in
governance will be a key to successful plan implementation.
 Step 12. Monitor and Evaluate. The monitoring, review and evaluation (MRE) of the CLUP and
ZO implementation is a major activity that needs to be strengthened. Thus, it is important that an
effective RME system be established, in order to track the progress reached by the CLUP. This is
recognized in Section 3 of EO 72 and Section 5 of MC 54. An effective MRE system is a guide for the LGU
to focus their development efforts and interventions towards the achievement of their vision.

Part3. Guide to Writing the CLUP and ZO.

A. Structure and Contents of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance

Volume 1.

1. PRELIMINARY PAGES- Messages, Resolution adopting the CLUP and enacting the ZO,
Foreword, Acknowledgement, Table of Contents, List of Maps, List of Figures, List of Tables, List of
Acronyms and Glossary of Terms.

2. BRIEF PROFILE OF CITY/MUNICIPALITY - Brief History, Demographic Profile, Geographic

location, Territorial jurisdiction and Barangay subdivision, . Physical Features and Environmental
Condition, Existing Land Use and Land Use Trends, Infrastructure, Facilities and Utilities, Transportation/
Road Network, Social Services facilities/ utilities/ amenities, . Agriculture and AgriIndustry Facilities, .
Power, Water, Communication Network, . Waste Management, Economic Structure Economic Base
Primary Secondary Tertiary, . Development Constraints: Priority issues and concerns, Comparative
Advantages and Competitive Edge, Functional Role of the City/Municipality.

3.THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN. Vision, Mission, Goals and Objectives, Development
Strategies,Development Concept and Structure Plan (text and map), The Land Use Plan (Text and Map
Format),Land and Water Use Policies, Major Development Programs, Major Development Programs
(cont’d), CLUP and ZO Implementation Strategy/Arrangement, Monitoring Review and Evaluation
System.

Volume 2.

A. The Zoning Ordinance (text) SB/SP Resolution enacting the ZO, Title and objectives of the
Ordinance, Substantive elements comprising articles on the following; Definition of Terms, Zone
Classifications, Zone Regulations, General District Regulation s Innovative Techniques, Miscellaneous
Provisions, Mitigating Devices, Administration and Enforcement

B. The Zoning Map This is the Official Zoning Map enacted by the LGU and duly ratified and
authenticated by the approving body (SangguniangPanlalawigan/HLURB) which is an integral part of the
Zoning Ordinance. It is the graphic presentation of the zone classifications/ designations, location and
boundaries of the districts/zones that were duly established in the zoning ordinance.

Volume 3.

Demography. Physical resources/environment. Ecosystem Analysis; Forest Land Use, Coastal

Resources, Biodiversity. . Social sector; Housing, Health, Education, Protective Services, Sports and
Recreation, Social Welfare. Economic Sector; Industry, Commerce and Trade, Agriculture, Forestry,
Tourism, Infrastructure and Utilities Sectors; Transportation, Power, Water, Communication, Solid
Waste Management. Special Study Areas; Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management, Heritage Conservation, Ancestral Domain.

B. The CLUP as a Marketing and Investment Tool

CLUP as an LGU’s main marketing and investment tool- No local document other than an
LGU’s CLUP and the corresponding CDP can serve as the main platform for resource
mobilization, investment and revenue generation. The CLUP is a primary reference
document in the preparation of national agency sectoral plans and programs. Among
international development agencies, the CLUP is one of the main references for identifying
complementation in the development objectives and targets of proposed donor-assisted
project and programs that would involve LGU participation and implementation. CLUP as
local reference and information tool. CLUP as local community and stakeholders’
development agenda and advocacy tool. Disseminating the CLUP.

Reference: https://designingresilience.ph/wp-content/uploads/hlurb_clup_vol_1-T7RVGY-file.pdf