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Data Define

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17 views1 page

Data Define

Uploaded by

Kun
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© © All Rights Reserved
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For data in computer science, see Data (computing). For the journal, see Scientific Data (journal).

For the
Star Trek character, see Data (Star Trek). For other uses, see Data (disambiguation) and Datum
(disambiguation).

Some of the different types of data.

Data are characteristics or information, usually numerical, that are collected through observation.[1] In a
more technical sense, data are a set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables about one or more
persons or objects, while a datum (singular of data) is a single value of a single variable.[2]

Although the terms "data" and "information" are often used interchangeably, these terms have distinct
meanings. In some popular publications, data are sometimes said to be transformed into information
when they are viewed in context or in post-analysis.[3] In academic treatments of the subject, however,
data are simply units of information. Data is employed in scientific research, businesses management
(e.g., sales data, revenue, profits, stock price), finance, governance (e.g., crime rates, unemployment
rates, literacy rates), and in virtually every other form of human organizational activity (e.g., censuses of
the number of homeless people by non-profit organizations).

Data are measured, collected and reported, and analyzed, whereupon it can be visualized using graphs,
images or other analysis tools. Data as a general concept refers to the fact that some existing information
or knowledge is represented or coded in some form suitable for better usage or processing. Raw data
("unprocessed data") is a collection of numbers or characters before it has been "cleaned" and corrected
by researchers. Raw data needs to be corrected to remove outliers or obvious instrument or data entry
errors (e.g., a thermometer reading from an outdoor Arctic location recording a tropical temperature).
Data processing commonly occurs by stages, and the "processed data" from one stage may be
considered the "raw data" of the next stage. Field data is raw data that is collected in an uncontrolled "in
situ" environment. Experimental data is data that is generated within the context of a scientific
investigation by observation and recording.

Data has been described as the new oil of the digital economy.

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