NSTP: Disaster Awareness Preparedness and Management

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise
concepts, principles and trends (RA 10121) management of land and the environment, and
Republic Act 10121 or the Philippine Disaster Risk improved preparedness for adverse events
Reduction and Management Act of 2010 Early Warning System – the set of capacities needed to
 are entitled as, “An Act Strengthening the generate and disseminate timely and meaningful
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and warning information to enable individuals, communities
Management System, providing for the National and organizations threatened by a hazard to prepare
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management and to act appropriately and in sufficient time to reduce
Framework and Institutionalizing the National the possibility of harm or loss
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, Hazard – a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
appropriating funds therefor and for other activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or
purposes”. other health impacts, property damage, loss of
 was signed into law on May 27, 2010 and the livelihood and services, social and economic disruption,
Implementing Rules and Regulation (IRR) was or environmental damage.
approved three months later on September 27,
2010. Mitigation – structural and non-structural measures
 This revolutionary law defines the disaster undertaken to limit the adverse impact of natural
management system in the Philippines hazards, environmental degradation, and technological
hazards and to ensure the ability of at-risk communities
Definition of Terms
to address vulnerabilities aimed at minimizing the
Adaptation – the adjustment in natural or human impact of disasters
systems in response to actual or expected climatic
Preparedness – pre-disaster actions and measures
stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or
being undertaken within the context of disaster risk
exploits beneficial opportunities
reduction and management and are based on sound
Disaster – a serious disruption of the functioning of a risk analysis as well as pre-disaster activities to avert or
community or a society involving widespread human, minimize loss of life and property such as, but not
material, economic or environmental losses and limited to, community organizing, training, planning,
impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected equipping, stockpiling, hazard mapping, insuring of
community or society to cope using its own resources. It assets, and public information and education initiatives
can be natural, or human made
Response – any concerted effort by two (2) or more
Disaster Prevention – the outright avoidance of adverse agencies, public or private, to provide assistance or
impacts of hazards and related disasters intervention during or immediately after a disaster to
meet the life preservation and basic subsistence needs
 It expresses the concept and intention to of those people affected and in the restoration of
completely avoid potential adverse impacts essential public activities and facilities
through action taken in advance such as
construction of dams or embankments that Risk – the combination of the probability of an event
eliminate flood risks, land-use regulations that and its negative consequences
do not permit any settlement in high-risk zones,
Risk Assessment – a methodology to determine the
and seismic engineering designs that ensure the
nature and extent of risk by analyzing potential hazards
survival and function of a critical building in any
and evaluating existing conditions of vulnerability that
likely earthquake
together could potentially harm exposed people,
Disaster Risk Reduction – the concept and practice of property, services, livelihood and the environment on
reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to which they depend
analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters,
State of Calamity – a condition involving mass casualty
including through reduced exposures to hazards,
and/or major damages to property, disruption of means
 NSTP: Disaster Awareness Preparedness and Management
of livelihoods, roads and normal way of life of people in 4. Council (RDCC). RDRRMC coordinates,
the affected areas as a result of the occurrence of integrates, supervises, and evaluates the
natural or human-induced hazard activities of the local Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Councils (LDRRMCs). The
Vulnerability – the characteristics and circumstances of
RDRRMC is responsible in ensuring disaster
a community, system or asset that make it susceptible
sensitive regional development plans, in case of
to the damaging effects of a hazard
emergencies; RDRRMC shall convene the
Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups – those that face different regional line agencies and concerned
higher exposure to disaster risk and poverty including, institutions and authorities
but not limited to, women, children, elderly, differently- 5. Section 11 provides for the organization at the
abled people, and ethnic minorities Local Government Level. The Provincial, City
and Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and
Salient provisions of the PDRRM Law include: Management Councils are mandated to be
1. Section 5 provides for the creation of the organized at the local levels. In the case of the
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Barangays, a Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction
Management Council (NDRRMC) which is and Management Committee which is
formerly known as the National Disaster mandated to be organized and shall operate
Coordinating Council but its membership and under the Barangay Development Council (BDC)
functions have increased to cope with 6. Section 22 of RA 10121 provides for the
complexities of disasters at present times National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Fund
7. Section 12 provides for the Local Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Office (LDRRMO).
It is also mandated that the local government
units shall establish an LDRRMO in every
province, city, and municipality, and a Barangay
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Committee in every barangay. The LDRRMOs
shall be responsible for setting the direction,
development, implementation and coordination
of disaster risk management programs within
their territorial jurisdiction. The LDRRMOs are
permanent offices under the office of the
governor, city or municipal mayor and the
punong barangay (barangay captain) in case of
2. Section 8 of the law stipulates that the Office of the BDRRMC. The LDRRMOs have twenty-five
Civil Defense (OCD) shall have the primary (25) functions, duties and responsibilities under
mission of administering a comprehensive this law given that the local government units
national civil defense and disaster risk reduction are the first line of defense in every disaster or
and management program by providing emergency. Thus, they shall act as front liners of
leadership in the continuous development of all disaster risk reduction and management
strategic and systematic approaches as well as plans, programs, projects and activities
measures to reduce the vulnerabilities and risks 8. Section 15 provides for the coordination during
to hazards and manage the consequences of emergencies. The LDRRMCs are mandated to
disasters take the lead in preparing for, responding to
3. Section 10 of RA 10121 provides for the
and recovering from the effects of any disaster
creation of the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction based on the following criteria as shown in
and Management Council (RDRRMC), formerly Figure 14
known as Regional Disaster Coordinating
 NSTP: Disaster Awareness Preparedness and Management
 Luzon is the biggest island group while Visayas
is a melting pot of Spanish, Chinese, and Indo-
Malayan cultures; and Mindanao where Chinese
and Muslims are predominant
 Manila is the capital city and its 2020
population is now estimated at 13,923,452
Geographic Profile of the Philippines million
 Quezon City is the largest and most-populous
 The Philippines, officially the Republic of the city with a population of over 2.9 million this
Philippines, is an archipelagic country in 2020
Southeast Asia  The Filipino is basically of Malay stock with a
 Population in Philippines is expected to reach sprinkling of Chinese, American, Spanish and
110.40 Million by the end of 2020 Arab blood, and other ethnic minorities
 Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists  There are 17 administrative regions, namely:
of about 7,641 islands that are broadly National Capital Region (NCR); Ilocos Region
categorized under three main geographical (Region I); Cordillera Administrative Region
divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas (CAR); Cagayan Valley (Region II); Central Luzon
and Mindanao (Region III); CALABARZON (Region IV-A);
 Physical features of the Philippines include the MIMAROPA (Region IVB); Bicol Region (Region
irregular configuration of the archipelago, the V); Western Visayas (Region VI); Central Visayas
coastline of some 22,550 miles (36,290 km), the (Region VII); Eastern Visayas (VIII); Zamboanga
great extent of mountainous country, the Peninsula (Region IX); Northern Mindanao
generally northward trend of the river systems, (Region X); Davao Region (Region XI);
and the spectacular lakes SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII); Caraga Region
 The archipelago has a total land area of 120,000 (Region XIII); and, Autonomous Region in
sq. miles (300,000 sq. km) and stretches about Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)
1,150 miles (1,850 km) from north to south, and  The system of Government is democratic with
its widest east-west extent, at its southern vase, our current President, His Excellency RODRIGO
is some 7000 miles (1,130 km) ROA DUTERTE
 Luzon is the biggest island group while Visayas
Disaster Risk Profile of the Philippines (focus on specific
is a melting pot of Spanish, Chinese, and Indo-
region/area where the school is located)
Malayan cultures; and Mindanao where Chinese
and Muslims are predominant  The Philippines is prone to almost all types of
 Manila is the capital city and its 2020 natural hazards because of its geographical
population is now estimated at 13,923,452 location and geotectonic setting
million  In addition, the Philippines is situated along the
 Quezon City is the largest and most-populous highly-seismic Pacific Ring of Fire as shown on
city with a population of over 2.9 million this Figure 3. This is the area where the Philippine
2020 Sea and Eurasian Tectonic Plates meet and is
 The Filipino is basically of Malay stock with a prone to occurrences of earthquakes, tsunamis
sprinkling of Chinese, American, Spanish, and and volcanic eruptions. In fact, there are 300
Arab blood, and other ethnic minorities volcanoes in the country and 22 are active
 The archipelago has a total land area of 120,000
sq. miles (300,000 sq. km) and stretches about
1,150 miles (1,850 km) from north to south, and
its widest east-west extent, at its southern vase,
is some 7000 miles (1,130 km)
 NSTP: Disaster Awareness Preparedness and Management

These priority areas are not autonomous from the other

nor do they have clear start and end points. The 4
priority areas are NOT seen as a mere cycle which starts
in prevention and mitigation and ends in rehabilitation
and recovery. They…

1. Mutually reinforce each other and are

interoperable. This means that whatever we do
in one aspect will have a direct or indirect effect
on the activities identified under the other
aspects. Furthermore, this means that it is
assumed that the level of preparedness and
intensity of response activities we conduct are
lessened because proper prevention and
mitigation activities have been done already
 Moreover, Figure 5 presents the seismicity or
2. )DO NOT, SHOULD NOT and CANNOT stand
the frequency of occurrence of earthquakes,
alone. Because they are inter-linked, one
almost all parts of the country experience
cannot just focus on one aspect without
earthquakes. Generally, we encounter an
considering the others.
average of 20 earthquakes a day, per latest
3. Has no clear starting or ending points between
figures from the Philippine Institute of
each of the aspects and overlaps are to be
Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS).
expected. There are some areas which are
Earthquake disasters are not as frequent as the
divided very thinly by gray areas. These are
typhoons and flooding that take place in the
activities which need to be smoothly integrated
Philippines.
into two aspects. The overlapping activities
Four thematic areas of the Philippine Disaster were put into the specific aspect which could
Management System better capture its essence using the lens of that
In accordance with the NDRRMF, through the NDRRMP, specific DRRM area and to correspond to the
the country envisions a “Safer, adaptive and disaster given parameters within which these aspects
resilient Filipino communities towards sustainable focus on
development.” This will be achieved through the four Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
distinct yet mutually reinforcing priority areas, namely
 Early warning systems
A. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation  Flood forecasting and monitoring
B. Disaster Preparedness  Hazard and risk mapping
C. Disaster Response  Structural and non-structural interventions
D. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
Disaster Preparedness
 NSTP: Disaster Awareness Preparedness and Management
 Contingency planning  Veterans Memorial Golf Course
 Prepositioning and stock-piling  University of the Philippines (UP) Diliman
 Capacitating and organizing responders 2. East (Pasig, Marikina)
 Training, drills and exercises  LRT-2 Santolan Depot
 Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment  Marikina Boys Town
 Red Cross Marikina
Disaster Response
 Ultra Pasig
 Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis 3. West (Manila, Malabon, Navotas)
(RDANA)  Intramuros Golf Course
 Issuance of advisories and situation reports 4. South (Las Pinas, Makati, Muntinlupa, Paranaque,
 Activation of Response Clusters and Incident Pateros, Taguig, Pasay)
Command System (ICS)  Villamor Air Base Golf Course
 Mobilization of responders
Things to remember during a Disaster:
 Humanitarian assistance (e.g. relief distribution)
 Provision of financial assistance  DO NOT panic
 Management of evacuation centers  If possible, try to help others
 Be prepared to stay in it for the long haul rather
Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
than getting desperate and losing hope
 Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA)  Try to be on your own.
 Enhancement of policies and plans
 Reconstruction using “build back better”
approach
 Resettlement
 Provision of new sources of livelihood

Here is a list of items that you should have in case

disaster strikes and without utilities for a few days. They
call it the “Go Bag”.

 Non-perishable food
 canned food, dryfruits, high protein biscuits
 Drinking water Blankets, clothes
 Medicines
 Flashlight
 Battery operated radio
 Spare batteries
 First aid box
 Long boots, socks
 Fuel-tank should be above the half-mark
 Garbage bags
 Whistle
 Identification cards
 Mask
 Alcohol

Where to Go?

1. North (Caloocan, Valenzuela, QC, San Juan,

Mandaluyong)